Antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves, comprising: a short-circuit surface, which is entirely a metal surface; an excitation end, comprising a first excitation end and a second excitation end, which are arranged on a signal layer, the first excitation end outputs a first excitation signal, and the second excitation end outputs a second excitation signal; and a conductive cylinder array, which comprises a plurality of conductive cylinders parallel to each other, the conductive cylinders extending in a direction perpendicular to the short-circuit surface, the plurality of conductive cylinders and the short-circuit surface enclosing a first cavity, and a first end of the conductive cylinder array in contact with the short-circuit surface; the first excitation end and the second excitation end are at least partially located within the first cavity, so that a first excitation signal output by the first excitation end and a second excitation signal output by the second excitation end can interact with the short-circuit surface to generate a circularly polarized wave, and the circularly polarized wave propagates toward the second end of the conductive cylinder array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves. Background Art

[0002] Since the reflected wave will become counter-rotating when the circularly polarized wave is incident on a simple symmetrical object (such as a plane, sphere, etc.), it has good resistance to rain and fog interference. Circularly polarized waves have a strong ability to penetrate the ionosphere and are not affected by the Faraday effect generated by the magnetic field of the earth's poles. Therefore, they are widely used in many fields.

[0003] Commonly used methods for realizing circular polarization include single-feed technology, dual-feed technology, and circular polarizer. Among them, single-feed technology often uses angle cutting, patch surface slotting or other methods to add micro-perturbation to realize circular polarization. For example, the circularly polarized angle-cut patch antenna has a simple structure and is easy to realize, but the bandwidth is very narrow and is not suitable for wide-band applications. In order to increase the bandwidth range, a laminated structure is often used, but this will increase the difficulty of processing; and the dual-feed technology, by using two ports to apply two orthogonal signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90°, can realize circular polarization in a relatively wide frequency band, but this technology requires a relatively complex feeding network and is difficult to realize in the millimeter wave band; and the circular polarizer technology is to use a circular polarizer to convert linearly polarized electromagnetic waves into circularly polarized waves during the propagation process. Commonly used circular polarizers are circular polarizers with metal patterns and dielectric polarizers. Among them, metal pattern polarizers are easier to realize, but the loss is relatively large, and the processing of dielectric polarizers is relatively complex. The higher the frequency band, the more difficult the processing, and it is difficult to use in the millimeter wave band. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves, comprising:

[0005] A short-distance road surface, wherein the short-distance road surface is entirely made of metal surfaces;

[0006] The excitation end includes a first excitation end and a second excitation end, wherein the first excitation end and the second excitation end are arranged on the signal layer, the first excitation end outputs a first excitation signal, and the second excitation end outputs a second excitation signal;

[0007] A conductive cylinder array, the conductive cylinder array comprising a plurality of conductive cylinders parallel to each other, the conductive cylinders extending in a direction perpendicular to the short-circuit surface, the plurality of conductive cylinders and the short-circuit surface enclosing a first cavity, the first end of the conductive cylinder array in contact with the short-circuit surface;

[0008] Among them, the first excitation end and the second excitation end are at least partially located within the first cavity, so that the first excitation signal output by the first excitation end and the second excitation signal output by the second excitation end can interact with the short-circuit surface to generate a circularly polarized wave, and the circularly polarized wave propagates toward the second end direction of the conductive cylinder array.

[0009] According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal have a phase angle difference, an excitation end angle is formed between the first excitation end and the second excitation end, and the phase angle difference is equal to the excitation end angle.

[0010] According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the short-circuit surface is a copper-clad layer.

[0011] According to at least one embodiment of the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed herein, the conductive cylinder is a via body, a first end portion, an inner wall portion and a second end portion of the via body are all provided with a metal layer, and the first end portion of the via body is in contact with the short-circuit surface.

[0012] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves further includes a waveguide portion, a first end of which is connected to the second end of the conductive cylinder array, so that the circularly polarized waves transmitted through the conductive cylinder array can be emitted through the waveguide portion.

[0013] According to at least one embodiment of the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed herein, the waveguide portion is a cavity structure, and the shape of the first end of the waveguide portion is the same as the shape of the second end of the conductive cylinder array, so that the cavity of the first end of the waveguide portion is the same as the shape of the first cavity surrounded by the conductive cylinder array.

[0014] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves also includes a multi-layer circuit board, which includes at least one signal layer, at least one ground layer and at least one insulating medium layer, wherein the short-circuit board is arranged on a certain ground layer, the excitation end is arranged on a certain signal layer, and the excitation end and the short-circuit board are arranged on different layers of the multi-layer circuit board.

[0015] According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer where the excitation end is located is arranged on the surface layer of the multi-layer circuit board, and the multi-layer circuit board forms an excitation end exposed area.

[0016] According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer where the excitation end is located is arranged in the middle layer of the multi-layer circuit board, and the multi-layer circuit board forms an excitation end exposed area.

[0017] According to at least one embodiment of the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed herein, one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and / or one or more ground layers are arranged between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the short-circuit surface, and the area surrounded by the conductive cylinder array between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the short-circuit surface is removed or completely corroded into an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

[0018] According to at least one embodiment of the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed herein, one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and / or one or more ground layers are arranged between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the waveguide portion, and the area surrounded by the conductive cylinder array between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the waveguide portion is removed or completely corroded into an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

[0019] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves also includes a four-port coupler, wherein the first port and the fourth port of the four-port coupler are respectively connected to the transmitting end and the receiving end of the radar RF transceiver module, the second port of the four-port coupler is connected to the first excitation end, and the third port of the four-port coupler is connected to the second excitation end. The four-port coupler can generate the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal based on the microwave signal transmitted by the radar RF transceiver module.

[0020] According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the four-port coupler performs gain processing on the echo signals received by the first excitation end and the second excitation end.

[0021] According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the four-port coupler is a double-branch directional coupler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is another partial structural schematic diagram of the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive cylinder of an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a conductive cylinder array and a waveguide portion of an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a four-port coupler of an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Description of Reference Numerals

[0029] 110 Signal layer

[0030] 111 First excitation terminal

[0031] 112 Second excitation terminal

[0032] 113 signal transmission line

[0033] 120 Short Road

[0034] 130 Insulation medium

[0035] 140 Conductive Cylinder Array

[0036] 141 Conductive cylinder

[0037] 150 Waveguide

[0038] 160 Multilayer PCB

[0039] 170 Four-port coupler

[0040] 1000 An antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementations. It is understood that the specific implementations described herein are only used to explain the relevant content, rather than to limit the present disclosure. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0042] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure can be combined with each other. The technical solution of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, the exemplary embodiments / embodiments shown will be understood as providing exemplary features of various details of some ways in which the technical concept of the present disclosure can be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the features of the various embodiments / embodiments can be combined, separated, interchanged and / or rearranged without departing from the technical concept of the present disclosure.

[0044] The use of cross-hatching and / or shading in the accompanying drawings is generally used to make the boundaries between adjacent components clear. As such, unless otherwise specified, the presence or absence of cross-hatching or shading does not convey or indicate any preference or requirement for the specific materials, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities between the components shown, and / or any other characteristics, attributes, properties, etc. of the components. In addition, in the accompanying drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of the components may be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. When the exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, the specific process sequence can be performed in a different order than described. For example, two successively described processes can be performed substantially simultaneously or in an order opposite to the described order. In addition, the same figure numbers represent the same components.

[0045] When a component is referred to as being "on" or "over," "connected to," or "coupled to" another component, the component may be directly on, directly connected to, or directly coupled to the other component, or intervening components may be present. However, when a component is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" another component, there are no intervening components. For this purpose, the term "connected" may refer to a physical connection, an electrical connection, etc., with or without intervening components.

[0046] For descriptive purposes, the present disclosure may use spatially relative terms such as "under," "beneath," "under," "down," "over," "upper," "above," "higher," and "side (e.g., in a "sidewall")," to describe the relationship of one component to another (other) component as shown in the accompanying drawings. The spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, operation, and / or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is turned over, components described as "under" or "beneath" other components or features would subsequently be positioned "over" the other components or features. Thus, the exemplary term "under" can encompass both the "above" and "below" orientations. Furthermore, the device may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0047] The terms used here are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be restrictive. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one (kind, person)" and "said (the)" are also intended to include plural forms. In addition, when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" and their variations are used in this specification, it is explained that there are stated features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and / or their groups, but it is not excluded that there are or add one or more other features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and / or their groups. It should also be noted that, as used here, the terms "substantially", "approximately" and other similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as degree terms, so that they are used to explain the inherent deviations of the measured values, calculated values ​​and / or the values ​​provided that will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the circularly polarized antenna device disclosed in the present invention. Figure 2 It is another partial structural schematic diagram of the circularly polarized antenna device disclosed in the present invention. Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive cylinder of a circularly polarized antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a conductive cylinder array and a waveguide portion of a circularly polarized antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a four-port coupler of a circularly polarized antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Combined with the following Figures 1 to 5 The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed in the present invention is described in detail.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a circularly polarized wave antenna device 1000 is implemented, including:

[0051] The short road surface 120 is entirely made of metal;

[0052] A first excitation end 111 and a second excitation end 112, the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are arranged on the signal layer 110, the first excitation end 111 is used to output a first excitation end signal and the second excitation end 112 is used to output a second excitation signal;

[0053] A conductive cylinder array 140, the conductive cylinder array 140 includes a plurality of conductive cylinders 141 parallel to each other, the conductive cylinders 141 extend in a direction perpendicular to the short-circuit surface 120, the plurality of conductive cylinders 141 and the short-circuit surface 120 form a first cavity, and a first end of the conductive cylinder array 140 contacts the short-circuit surface 120;

[0054] Among them, the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are at least partially located within the first cavity, so that the first excitation signal output by the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation signal output by the second excitation end 112 can interact with the short-circuit surface 120 to generate a circularly polarized wave, and the circularly polarized wave propagates toward the second end direction of the conductive cylinder array 140.

[0055] Among them, the first cavity is preferably a cylindrical space area, the first cavity can also be an elliptical cylindrical annular space area, or it can be a rectangular space area. Those skilled in the art can adjust the shape of the conductive cylinder array 140 to form first cavities of different shapes, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0056] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first cavity described above is a cylindrical space region, and the conductive cylinder array 140 is a cylindrical conductive cylinder array.

[0057] According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, both the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are fully extended into the first cavity described above.

[0058] For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed in the present invention, preferably, the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are both metal wires. The first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are preferably made of metal copper. Those skilled in the art can adjust the materials of the first excitation end and the second excitation end, which all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0059] The first excitation signal and the second excitation signal outputted by the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 of the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the present disclosure interact with the short-circuit board 120 to generate circularly polarized waves.

[0060] The short-circuit surface 120 may be grounded to serve as a grounding layer, or the short-circuit surface 120 may be disposed on the grounding layer.

[0061] For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, preferably, the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal have a phase angle difference, and an excitation end angle (i.e., a spatial geometric angle) is formed between the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112, and the above-mentioned phase angle difference is equal to the above-mentioned excitation end angle.

[0062] Wherein, the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal are both electromagnetic wave signals (microwave signals). According to the circularly polarized antenna device 1000 of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal have the same signal amplitude.

[0063] Preferably, the phase angle difference and the angle between the excitation end and the phase angle difference are both 90 degrees.

[0064] According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves according to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the short-circuit surface 120 described above is a copper-clad layer.

[0065] For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, preferably, the conductive cylinder 141 is a via body, and the first end, the inner wall and the second end of the via body are all provided with a metal layer (preferably a copper clad layer), and the first end of the via body is in contact with the short-circuit surface.

[0066] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive cylinder 141 of an antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 The conductive cylinder is a via body, the main body of which is made of non-conductive material, a via hole is formed inside the main body to form the via body, and copper is applied to the first end face, the inner wall and the second end face of the main body.

[0067] For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, preferably, the first cavity described above is provided with an insulating medium 130 (microwave signal transmission medium).

[0068] The insulating medium 130 is disposed between the short-circuit surface 120 and the signal layer 110 , and the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 described above both at least partially extend into the insulating medium 130 .

[0069] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the insulating medium 130 is preferably also disposed within the via hole of the via body and / or disposed in the peripheral space of the conductive cylinder array 140 .

[0070] According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the conductive cylinders 141 of the conductive cylinder array 140 are insulated from each other, the conductive cylinders 141 can be in close contact with each other, or preset gaps can be set, and the insulating gaps can be filled with insulating medium 130.

[0071] For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in the above-mentioned various embodiments, preferably, it also includes a waveguide portion 150, and the first end of the waveguide portion 150 is connected to the second end of the conductive cylinder array 140, so that the circularly polarized waves transmitted through the conductive cylinder array 140 can be emitted through the waveguide portion 150.

[0072] Inspired by the technical solution of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art can adjust the type, shape, material, etc. of the waveguide portion 150, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, according to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the waveguide portion 150 is a cavity structure, and the shape of the first end portion (the lower end portion shown in the figure) of the waveguide portion 150 is the same as the shape of the second end portion (the upper end portion of the conductive cylinder array 140 shown in the figure) of the conductive cylinder array 140, so that the cavity of the first end portion of the waveguide portion 150 is the same as the shape of the first cavity surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 and the short-circuit board 120.

[0074] refer to Figure 1 According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the cavity of the first end portion (ie, the lower half) of the waveguide portion 150 is parallel to the first cavity surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 and the short-circuit surface 120 .

[0075] Figure 4 FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the conductive cylinder array 140 and the waveguide portion 150 of the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves. Figure 1 and Figure 4 Preferably, the wall of the waveguide portion 150 has a thickness, and the inner diameter of the wall of the first end portion of the waveguide portion 150 is larger than the inner diameter of the conductive cylinder array 140 and smaller than the outer diameter of the conductive cylinder array 140, so that the waveguide portion 150 is superimposed on the conductive cylinder array to achieve the connection between the waveguide portion 150 and the conductive cylinder 141, thereby achieving the connection between the waveguide portion 150 and the short-circuit board 120 through the conductive cylinder 141.

[0076] Preferably, the second end portion (the upper end portion shown in the figure) of the waveguide portion 150 of the present disclosure is horn-shaped, referring to Figure 1 The outer wall surface of the waveguide portion 150 is a cylindrical surface, the lower part of the inner wall surface of the waveguide portion 150 is a cylindrical surface, and the upper part is a frustum surface, so as to form the waveguide portion 150 with a horn-shaped structure.

[0077] For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, preferably, it also includes a multi-layer circuit board 160, and the multi-layer circuit board 160 includes at least one signal layer, at least one ground layer and at least one insulating medium layer, wherein the short-circuit board 120 is arranged on a certain ground layer, the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are arranged on a certain signal layer, and the excitation end (including the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112) and the short-circuit board 120 are respectively configured on different layers of the multi-layer circuit board 160.

[0078] According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located is configured on the first circuit board layer of the multi-layer circuit board 160, and the short-circuit board 120 is configured on the second circuit board layer of the multi-layer circuit board 160, and the portion of the second circuit board layer surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 is filled with a metal layer (preferably a copper-clad layer) to form the short-circuit board 120.

[0079] According to the circularly polarized wave antenna device 1000 implemented in the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located is arranged on the surface layer (the upper surface layer shown in the figure) of the multi-layer circuit board 160, and the multi-layer circuit board 160 forms an excitation end exposed area.

[0080] In this embodiment, the signal layer 110 is disposed on the surface of the multi-layer circuit board 160. Figure 1 The outer edge of the first end of the waveguide portion 150 is connected to the multilayer circuit board 160, and the inner edge of the first end of the waveguide portion 150 is in contact with the conductive cylinder array 140. One or two openings are provided at the corresponding position of the waveguide portion 150 corresponding to the signal transmission line 113 for connecting the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 (the present disclosure preferably configures two openings, Figure 2 Two openings are shown) so that the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 enter the first cavity described above.

[0081] The antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in this embodiment needs to ensure that on the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 in the first cavity are located, except for the two excitation ends and the corresponding two signal transmission lines, the rest are all dielectric (insulating medium). At the same time, the part between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit board 120 is also all dielectric (insulating medium). Figure 1 As shown, the part between the two excitation ends on the first circuit board layer and the corresponding two signal transmission lines and the short-circuit surface 120 (exposed area of ​​the excitation ends) is filled with a microwave signal propagation medium (insulating medium), so that the microwave signals (first excitation signal and second excitation signal) emitted by the two excitation ends on the signal layer 110 can pass through the medium (insulating medium) to reach the short-circuit surface 120, and react with the short-circuit surface 120 to generate circularly polarized waves. The area between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 can also be hollowed out as a hollow structure.

[0082] According to another preferred embodiment of the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the present disclosure, the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located is arranged in the middle layer of the multilayer circuit board 160, and the multilayer circuit board 160 forms an excitation end exposed area.

[0083] In the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in this embodiment, the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located is arranged in the middle layer of the multi-layer circuit board 160, and there is no need to open an opening at the corresponding position of the waveguide part 150 corresponding to the signal transmission line 113 for connecting the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112.

[0084] In this embodiment, it is also necessary to ensure that on the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 in the first cavity are located, except for the two excitation ends and the corresponding two signal transmission lines, the rest are all dielectric (insulating dielectric), and at the same time, the part between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 is also dielectric (microwave signal transmission dielectric), so that the microwave signals (first excitation signal and second excitation signal) emitted by the two excitation ends on the signal layer 110 can pass through the dielectric to reach the short-circuit surface 120, and interact with the short-circuit surface 120 to generate circularly polarized waves. Among them, the area between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 can also be hollowed out as a hollow structure.

[0085] According to another preferred embodiment of the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed herein, one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and / or one or more grounding layers are arranged between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located, and the area surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located is removed (for example, hollowed out into a hollow structure) or completely corroded into an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

[0086] According to another preferred embodiment of the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed herein, one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and / or one or more ground layers are arranged between the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located and the waveguide portion 150, and the area surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 between the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located and the waveguide portion 150 is removed (for example, hollowed out into a hollow structure) or completely corroded into an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

[0087] For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, preferably, it also includes a four-port coupler 170, the first port and the fourth port of the four-port coupler 170 are respectively connected to the transmitting end and the receiving end of the radar RF transceiver module (not shown), the second port of the four-port coupler 170 is connected to the first excitation end 111, and the third port of the four-port coupler 170 is connected to the second excitation end 112. The four-port coupler 170 can generate a first excitation signal and a second excitation signal based on the microwave signal transmitted by the radar RF transceiver module.

[0088] Among them, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second port of the four-port coupler 170 is connected to the first excitation end 111 via the signal transmission line 113 , and the third port of the four-port coupler 170 is connected to the second excitation end 112 via the signal transmission line 113 .

[0089] The radar radio frequency transceiver module may be configured on the multi-layer circuit board 160 , or may be configured on other circuit boards other than the multi-layer circuit board 160 .

[0090] According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the four-port coupler 170 described above performs gain processing on the echo signals received by the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 to generate gain-processed echo signals for use by the radar RF transceiver module.

[0091] According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the waveguide portion 150 described above is in close contact with the surface of the multilayer circuit board 160 to transmit the generated circularly polarized wave outward and receive the echo signal generated when the circularly polarized wave encounters the object to be tested.

[0092] The waveguide portion 150 may be provided with screw holes, and the multilayer circuit board 160 may be provided with openings, and the multilayer circuit board 160 and the waveguide portion 150 may be fixedly connected by screws. Those skilled in the art may also use other connection methods to connect the waveguide portion 150 and the multilayer circuit board 160, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0093] Preferably, the signal transmission line 113 and the four-port coupler 170 described above are both disposed on the signal layer 110 described above.

[0094] Preferably, the two excitation ends, two signal transmission lines and four-port coupler of the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed in the present invention are all formed by metal wires.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the space enclosed by the conductive cylinder array 140 is provided with two openings (or one opening may be provided) so that the two excitation ends and part of the transmission line enter the space enclosed by the conductive cylinder array 140 through the openings, so that the two excitation ends are surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140.

[0096] Combined with the following Figure 5 The working process of the four-port coupler 170 of the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed in the present invention is described in detail.

[0097] Figure 5 In the embodiment, end A is the first port, end B is the second port, end C is the third port, and end D is the fourth port.

[0098] Among them, the microwave signal emitted by the radar RF transceiver module can be a frequency modulated continuous wave, and the frequency range of the microwave signal can be 24Ghz-200Ghz.

[0099] The distances between the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 and the short-circuit surface 120 need to match the frequency of the microwave signal.

[0100] The working principle of the four-port coupler 170 is as follows:

[0101] When the signal is input from the A end, the D end is the isolation end, the B end outputs 1 / 2 signal, and the C end outputs 1 / 2 signal. The signal amplitudes output from the B end and the C end are the same, but the phase difference between the signals output from the B end and the C end is 90 degrees.

[0102] When the signal is input from the D terminal, the A terminal is the isolation terminal, the C terminal outputs 1 / 2 signal, and the B terminal outputs 1 / 2 signal. The signal amplitudes output from the C terminal and the B terminal are the same, but the phase difference between the signals output from the C terminal and the B terminal is 90 degrees.

[0103] When the signal is input from the B terminal, the C terminal is the isolation terminal, the A terminal outputs 1 / 2 signal, and the D terminal outputs 1 / 2 signal. The signal amplitudes output from the A terminal and the D terminal are the same, but the phase difference between the signals output from the A terminal and the D terminal is 90 degrees.

[0104] When the signal is input from the C terminal, the B terminal is the isolation terminal, the D terminal outputs 1 / 2 signal, and the A terminal outputs 1 / 2 signal. The signal amplitudes output from the D terminal and the A terminal are the same, but the phase difference between the signals output from the D terminal and the A terminal is 90 degrees.

[0105] The present disclosure connects the transmitting end of the radar RF transceiver module to the A end of the four-port coupler 170, and the receiving end of the radar RF transceiver module to the D end of the four-port coupler 170. The B end and the C end are respectively connected to two excitation ends (a first excitation end and a second excitation end). Two microwave signals with the same signal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees are emitted from the two mutually perpendicular excitation ends to form a circularly polarized beam, which is transmitted outward through the waveguide part 150 described above. The specific principle is as follows:

[0106] When a signal is input from end A, the signal output from end A is the sum of the signal from end A directly to end D and the signal from end A through B→C→D. Because the A→D channel and the A→B→C→D channel differ by an odd number of 1 / 2 wavelengths, their phases are opposite and the sum is 0, so the signal input from end A and output from end D is 0.

[0107] When the signal is input from the A terminal, the output signal from the B terminal is the sum of the two signals VB(A→B), which is the signal from the A terminal directly to the B terminal and the signal from A through D→C→B.

[0108] When the signal is input from the A terminal, the output signal from the C terminal is the sum of the two signals A→B→C and A→D→C, VC(A→C).

[0109] The four-port coupler 170 can ensure that the amplitudes of the signals VB (A→B) and VC (A→C) are the same and the phase difference is 90°.

[0110] When the emitted circularly polarized wave encounters the object to be tested, an echo signal is formed, which is also transmitted through the waveguide 150 and received by the B and C ends of the four-port coupler 170, and output from the D end to the receiving end of the radar RF transceiver module, thereby achieving signal gain. The specific principle is as follows:

[0111] When two signals with a phase difference of 90° are input to the B and C terminals, that is, VB'(0°) is input to the B terminal and VC'(90°) is input to the C terminal, and the amplitudes of VB'(0°) and VC'(90°) are the same. When VB'(0°) is input to the B terminal alone and VC'(90°) is not input to the C terminal, the A terminal outputs VA'(α+0°), where α is the phase delay; and the D terminal outputs VD'(α+90°).

[0112] When VC'(90°) is input to the C terminal alone and VB'(0°) is not input to the B terminal, the D terminal outputs VD" (α+90°) and the A terminal outputs VA" (α+180°).

[0113] Therefore, when VB'(0°) is input to the B terminal and VC'(90°) is input to the C terminal at the same time, and the amplitudes of VB'(0°) and VC'(90°) are the same, the output of the A terminal is VA'(α+0°)+VA" (α+180°)=0; the output of the D terminal is VD'(α+90°)+VD" (α+90°)=2*V(α+90°). That is, the signal gain is achieved.

[0114] The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves disclosed in the present invention can be used in the millimeter wave band, and has a simple structure, is easy to process, has low loss and high gain.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0116] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0117] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves, characterized in that: include: A short-distance road surface, wherein the short-distance road surface is entirely made of metal surfaces; The excitation end includes a first excitation end and a second excitation end, wherein the first excitation end and the second excitation end are arranged on the signal layer, the first excitation end outputs a first excitation signal, and the second excitation end outputs a second excitation signal; as well as A conductive cylinder array, the conductive cylinder array comprising a plurality of conductive cylinders parallel to each other, the conductive cylinders extending in a direction perpendicular to the short-circuit surface, the plurality of conductive cylinders and the short-circuit surface enclosing a first cavity, the first end of the conductive cylinder array in contact with the short-circuit surface; Wherein, the first excitation end and the second excitation end are at least partially located in the first cavity, so that the first excitation signal output by the first excitation end and the second excitation signal output by the second excitation end can interact with the short-circuit surface to generate a circularly polarized wave, and the circularly polarized wave propagates toward the second end direction of the conductive cylinder array; The first excitation signal and the second excitation signal have a phase angle difference, an excitation end angle is formed between the first excitation end and the second excitation end, and the phase angle difference is equal to the excitation end angle; The conductive cylinder is a via body, a first end portion, an inner wall portion and a second end portion of the via body are all provided with a metal layer, and the first end portion of the via body is in contact with the short-circuit surface.

2. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short-circuit surface is a copper-clad layer.

3. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a waveguide portion, a first end of which is connected to the second end of the conductive cylinder array, so that the circularly polarized wave transmitted through the conductive cylinder array can be emitted through the waveguide portion.

4. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waveguide portion is a cavity structure, and the shape of the first end of the waveguide portion is the same as the shape of the second end of the conductive cylinder array, so that the cavity of the first end of the waveguide portion is the same as the shape of the first cavity surrounded by the conductive cylinder array.

5. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a multi-layer circuit board, which includes at least one signal layer, at least one ground layer and at least one insulating medium layer, wherein the short-circuit surface is arranged on a certain ground layer, the excitation end is arranged on a certain signal layer, and the excitation end and the short-circuit surface are arranged on different layers of the multi-layer circuit board.

6. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal layer where the excitation end is located is arranged on the surface layer of the multi-layer circuit board, and the multi-layer circuit board forms an excitation end exposed area.

7. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal layer where the excitation end is located is arranged in the middle layer of the multi-layer circuit board, and the multi-layer circuit board forms an excitation end exposed area.

8. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: One or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and / or one or more grounding layers are arranged between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the short-circuit surface, and the area surrounded by the conductive cylinder array between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the short-circuit surface is removed or completely corroded into an insulating medium for the transmission of microwave signals.

9. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: One or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and / or one or more ground layers are arranged between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the waveguide part, and the area surrounded by the conductive cylinder array between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the waveguide part is removed or completely corroded into an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

10. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a four-port coupler, wherein the first port and the fourth port of the four-port coupler are respectively connected to the transmitting end and the receiving end of the radar RF transceiver module, the second port of the four-port coupler is connected to the first excitation end, and the third port of the four-port coupler is connected to the second excitation end. The four-port coupler can generate the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal based on the microwave signal transmitted by the radar RF transceiver module.

11. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 10, characterized in that: The four-port coupler performs gain processing on the echo signals received by the first excitation end and the second excitation end.

12. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 10, characterized in that: The four-port coupler is a double-branch directional coupler.

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