A submerged dike

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and provides a submerged dike, which comprises a wave-encountering part, a wave-encountering part, a top part and a base, the wave-encountering part, the wave-encountering part and the base part are triangular in cross section along the wave incidence direction, and the top part is a triangular structure top corner part extending upward along the height direction. The submerged dike provided by the present application has the characteristics of good wave dissipation effect, convenient transportation and wide application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a submerged dike. BACKGROUND

[0002] The submerged dike is a commonly used marine revetment engineering building, the top of which is located below the static water surface, and mainly plays the roles of protecting the coastline, preserving the beach, promoting siltation, dissipating waves, and guiding flow, etc. The construction of the submerged dike reduces the capacity of the offshore current to carry silt, not only protects the coastline from strong wave erosion, but also causes a certain amount of silt deposition, thereby protecting the beach; at the same time, the submerged dike plays an intercepting role on the onshore current carrying silt, which plays a very important role in preventing silt accumulation.

[0003] In recent years, the submerged dike has been widely used in coastal protection engineering and harbor engineering. Many scholars have successively proposed various cross-sectional shapes of the submerged dike single body, including rectangular, semicircular, trapezoidal, etc. Among them, the rectangular submerged dike is more common. However, the wave-reflecting surface of the above-mentioned submerged dike either does not reflect the wave strongly enough, or is easy to overtop the wave, and the wave-dissipating effect is not ideal. Moreover, when the submerged dike is directly placed on the seabed of loose deposits, it will face the problem of subsidence due to the erosion of the foundation soil. Therefore, how to design a submerged dike structure to fully utilize the wave-dissipating performance of the wave-reflecting surface of the submerged dike and to maintain stability without tilting is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a submerged dike.

[0005] According to the submerged dike provided by the present application, the wave-reflecting part, the wave-reflecting part, and the base part constitute a triangular shape along the cross section in the wave incidence direction, and the top part is a triangular structure top corner part extending upward along the height direction.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the wave-reflecting part and the wave-reflecting part are both arc structures, and the wave-reflecting part, the wave-reflecting part, and the top part constitute a "human" shape along the cross section in the wave incidence direction.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the range of the arc of the wave-reflecting part and the wave-reflecting part is 0-0.5π.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the wave-reflecting part and the wave-reflecting part are symmetrically distributed relative to the top part.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, at least one water passage is formed on the wave-reflecting part and the wave-reflecting part, respectively.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the water passage of the wave-approaching part and the wave-receding part is staggered.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the wave-approaching part and the wave-receding part are hollow plates or solid plates.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the height of the base is 20-40 cm.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, two of the submerged dike units are arranged in sequence along the intersection direction of the wave-approaching part and the base to form a submerged dike assembly, and a frame sliding groove is fixedly installed between the two submerged dike units in the submerged dike assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the submerged dike further comprises an anti-inclination and anti-settlement stabilizing pile, the anti-inclination and anti-settlement stabilizing pile comprises a hydraulic plug pile and an anti-settlement supporting plate, the upper half of the hydraulic plug pile can be installed in the frame sliding groove, the anti-settlement supporting plate is vertically and fixedly installed in the middle of the hydraulic plug pile, and the base can be placed on the anti-settlement supporting plate.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the hydraulic plug pile is a frame structure.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the submerged dike further comprises a combined frame, the combined frame is a quadrangular frame structure, a baffle is installed on the bottom surface of the quadrangular frame, two vertical edges of the combined frame are provided with combined female buckles, and the other two vertical edges are provided with combined male buckles, and the combined female buckles and the combined male buckles can be combined and connected.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The present application has good wave-eliminating effect and can effectively eliminate wave kinetic energy.

[0019] 2. The submerged dike has relatively light weight, and is convenient to transport and install.

[0020] 3. The curvature of the wave-approaching part and the height of the base can be adjusted and manufactured according to the wave condition requirements under the site conditions, and the application range is wide.

[0021] 4. The submerged dike units connected by the frame sliding groove on both sides of the pile foundation can slide down to the specified position along the pile foundation, effectively preventing the sliding of the submerged dike.

[0022] 5. The main function of the hydraulic plug pile is to prevent the inclination of the artificial reef submerged dike, and the main function of the anti-settlement supporting plate is to prevent the settlement of the artificial reef submerged dike. In addition, the use of the hydraulic plug pile can also play a good role in promoting siltation and preventing erosion, which can effectively prevent the erosion around the pile foundation.

[0023] 6. The single submerged dike monomer or the submerged dike combination can be assembled into a larger whole by using the combination frame, so that the stability of the whole submerged dike is greatly improved.

[0024] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory and are not restrictive of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A submerged dike monomer structure diagram provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 Another submerged dike monomer structure diagram provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A submerged dike water body free surface elevation-time variation curve diagram under wave action provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A comparison diagram of wave dissipation effect of rectangular submerged dike and chevron-shaped submerged dike under wave action;

[0030] Figure 5 A velocity field structure diagram of the process of the beach type climbing after the wave passing through the chevron-shaped submerged dike;

[0031] Figure 6 A anti-inclination and anti-settlement stability pile structure diagram provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 A submerged dike assembly schematic diagram provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 1- wave-encountering part; 2- wave-back part; 3- top part; 4- base; 5- submerged dike combination; 6- frame sliding groove; 7- anti-inclination and anti-settlement stability pile; 71- hydraulic insert plate pile; 72- anti-settlement supporting plate; 8- combination frame; 81- combination female buckle; 82- combination male buckle; 9- water passage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Figure 1 A submerged dike monomer structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 Another submerged dike monomer structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 A submerged dike water surface elevation-time curve graph under wave action provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 A comparison graph of wave dissipation effect of rectangular submerged dike and chevron-shaped submerged dike under wave action, Figure 5 A velocity field structure graph of the process of wave climbing along the beach type after passing through the chevron-shaped submerged dike, Figure 6 A anti-inclination and anti-settlement stability pile structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 7 A submerged dike assembly schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application. The following Figures 1 to 7 The submerged dike provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the submerged dike mainly includes a wave-encountering part 1, a wave-encountering part 2, a top part 3 and a base 4.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , the wave-encountering part 1, the wave-encountering part 2 and the base 4 form a triangular shape along the cross section of the wave incident direction, and the top part 3 is a triangular structure top corner part extending upward along the high direction. The cross section shape of the base 4 is rectangular.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the wave-encountering part 1 and the wave-encountering part 2 are both arc structures, and the wave-encountering part 1, the wave-encountering part 2 and the top part 3 form a "chevron" shape along the cross section of the wave incident direction. Further, the range of the arc of the wave-encountering part 1 and the wave-encountering part 2 can be 0-0.5π. In actual application, the arc of the wave-encountering part 1 and the wave-encountering part 2 can be adjusted according to the local wave conditions.

[0039] The wave-encountering part 1, the wave-encountering part 2, the top part 3 and the base 4 are connected as a whole, and the wave-encountering part 1, the wave-encountering part 2 and the top part 3 form a chevron-shaped submerged dike. When the wave passes through the submerged dike, the movement form, wave height and propagation speed of the wave are changed due to the influence of the submerged dike structure, reflection, bottom friction and the like.

[0040] When the wave propagates to a certain distance in front of the submerged dike, the front wave is hindered by the submerged dike, and the reflected wave is formed at the wave-encountering part in front of the dike, and the interaction between the front wave and the rear wave causes the wave height to change. When the wave propagates to the submerged dike water area, the wave change is obviously affected by the water depth, and the vertical distribution of wave energy changes accordingly. In the back wave part of the dike, the water depth changes from shallow to deep, and the wave height changes accordingly. At the same time, during the whole process of the wave passing through the submerged dike, the bottom friction always plays a role in energy consumption.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4 From the fluid simulation calculation result, it can be known that, compared with the traditional solid rectangular submerged dike, the herringbone-shaped submerged dike has better wave dissipation effect, and the function of reflecting wave in the wave-encountering part is more effective.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 are symmetrically distributed relative to the top part 3. The main role of the symmetric arrangement is that, when symmetrically arranged, the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 are relatively balanced in position and stress for the whole submerged dike structure, and can withstand the wave action for a long time, so that the service life of the submerged dike is longer.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, at least one water passage 9 is formed on the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 respectively. The water passage 9 is formed through the inclined surface of the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2, and the wave can enter the space between the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 from the outside of the submerged dike through the water passage 9, which facilitates water exchange, is conducive to the ecological environment, and can reduce the impact on the submerged dike while weakening the wave, so as to ensure that the submerged dike is stable enough in a large wave. In addition, the height of the spray caused by the part of the wave entering the inside of the submerged dike will be relatively reduced, which is also conducive to the calmness of the sea surface and facilitates the activities on the sea. Further, the water passages 9 of the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 are staggered. The staggered water passages 9 can prevent the wave from producing violent convection inside the submerged dike, which is conducive to the stability of the submerged dike.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 are hollow plates or solid plates. The wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 can be hollow structures. When the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 are hollow structures, the weight of the whole submerged dike is smaller, which is convenient for carrying. The wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 can be solid structures. When the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 are solid structures, the weight of the whole submerged dike is larger, which is conducive to the stability of the submerged dike. Therefore, according to the actual demand, the wave-encountering part 1 and the back wave part 2 of the submerged dike are selected to be hollow or solid structures. In addition, the structure size of the submerged dike base 4 can also be adjusted to ensure that the whole submerged dike has a suitable weight.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, the height of the base 4 can be 20-40 cm. The base has sufficient height to ensure that the superstructure of the submerged dike is not covered by sediments in a sediment-rich coastal environment.

[0046] It should be noted that in actual use, the size of the submerged dike as a whole can be adjusted according to local wave conditions and wave dissipation needs, so that the average effective wave height in the local area is less than the water depth at the top of the submerged dike, ensuring that the submerged dike can better dissipate waves. In addition, the submerged dike of the present patent can be arranged in multiple according to the shape of the coastline, and the size and shape of each submerged dike remain the same. On the one hand, it is convenient for two or more submerged dikes to be connected; on the other hand, it is convenient for standardized production and reduces production costs.

[0047] The specific wave dissipation principle of the present application is as follows:

[0048] When the wave propagates to a certain distance in front of the submerged dike, the oncoming wave is hindered by the submerged dike, and a reflected wave is formed at the wave-encountering part in front of the dike. The interaction between the oncoming wave and the reflected wave causes the wave energy to be dissipated. In the whole process of the wave passing through the submerged dike, the friction between the wave and the surface of the submerged dike consumes the wave energy.

[0049] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , through fluid simulation calculation results, it can be known that the wave reflected by the wave-encountering surface of the submerged dike affects the wave shape in front of the dike, causing the wave height to decrease. The arc-shaped chevron-shaped submerged dike has a good wave dissipation effect.

[0050] As shown in Figure 5 , when the wave reaches the chevron-shaped submerged dike, the flow velocity decreases significantly due to the influence of the submerged dike and the decrease in water depth. Subsequently, the wave begins to climb over the submerged dike along the sandy seabed. In the climbing process, the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into gravitational potential energy, causing its speed to continuously decrease, and finally the part of the water body that reaches the front of the dike first breaks on the sand beach. Subsequently, the water body flows in the opposite direction on the water-encountering surface due to the action of gravity, and at this time the next wave begins to approach the dike. The water body flowing in the opposite direction eventually collides with the fluid brought by the next wave after meeting, and mixing and overturning occur. However, due to the relatively greater energy of the incoming flow compared to the energy of the water body that has fallen back without being able to cross the wave, the two water bodies eventually form a water body in the direction of the wave after interacting with each other. This process consumes part of the energy, and the new wave formed will continue to move towards the dike and repeat the previous process.

[0051] In order to facilitate the placement and position fixing of the submerged dike, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, two submerged breakwater monomers are arranged in sequence along the intersection direction of the wave-encountering part 1 and the base 4 to form a submerged breakwater combination 5, and a frame sliding groove 6 is fixedly installed between the two submerged breakwater monomers in the submerged breakwater combination. The frame sliding groove 6 connects the submerged breakwater monomers on both sides of the pile foundation and can slide down along the pile foundation to a designated position to prevent the submerged breakwater from sliding. Further, as shown, Figure 6 As shown, the submerged breakwater further comprises an anti-inclination and anti-settlement stabilizing pile 7, which comprises a hydraulic sheet pile 71 and an anti-settlement supporting plate 72. In order to reduce the self weight of the submerged breakwater, the hydraulic sheet pile 71 can be a frame structure. The upper half of the hydraulic sheet pile 71 can be installed in the frame sliding groove 6, and the anti-settlement supporting plate 72 is vertically and fixedly installed on the hydraulic sheet pile 71, and the base 4 can be placed on the anti-settlement supporting plate 72. During installation and use, the anti-inclination and anti-settlement stabilizing pile 7 needs to be first driven into the seabed, and then the frame sliding groove 6 of the submerged breakwater combination 5 is butted against the upper half of the hydraulic sheet pile 71 for installation, that is, the upper half of the hydraulic sheet pile 71 is inserted into the frame sliding groove 6, so that the submerged breakwater combination 5 is seated on the anti-settlement supporting plate 72. The anti-inclination and anti-settlement stabilizing pile 7 can increase the stability of the submerged breakwater, and in addition, the above installation method can also accurately install the submerged breakwater to prevent the installation position of the submerged breakwater from deviating under the impact of seawater. It should be noted that the upper half of the hydraulic sheet pile 71 refers to the part of the hydraulic sheet pile 71 above the anti-settlement supporting plate 72. The main function of the hydraulic sheet pile 71 is to prevent the inclination of the artificial reef submerged breakwater, and the main function of the anti-settlement supporting plate 72 is to prevent the settlement of the artificial reef submerged breakwater. In addition, the use of the hydraulic sheet pile 71 can also play a good role in promoting siltation and preventing erosion, which can effectively prevent the erosion around the pile foundation.

[0052] In actual use, if the single submerged breakwater monomers are arranged in sequence or the submerged breakwater combinations are arranged in sequence, it is difficult to ensure that the submerged breakwater will not be deviated from the original position by the sea waves. If the stability is increased by increasing the weight of the submerged breakwater, it will also bring the problem of inconvenient transportation and installation. In order to solve the above technical problems, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown, Figure 7As shown, the submerged dike further comprises a combined frame 8, which is a cuboid frame structure, the bottom surface of the cuboid frame is provided with a baffle, and the other surfaces are hollow frame structures. Two vertical edges of the combined frame 8 are provided with combined female buckles 81, and the other two vertical edges are provided with combined male buckles 82. Among them, the adjacent two vertical edges can be provided with combined female buckles 81, and the other two adjacent vertical edges can be provided with combined male buckles 82; or the diagonal two vertical edges can be provided with combined female buckles 81, and the other two diagonal vertical edges can be provided with combined male buckles 82. The combined female buckles 81 and the combined male buckles 82 can be combined and connected. When the combined frame 8 is used with the submerged dike monomer, first, the combined frame 8 is placed in the predetermined position, then the submerged dike is placed in the space surrounded by the combined frame 8, and then the two combined frames 8 placed by the adjacent two submerged dike monomers are combined and connected through the combined female buckles 81 and the combined male buckles 82, so that the plurality of submerged dike monomers can form a stable whole, thereby increasing the stability of the whole submerged dike. When the combined frame 8 is used with the submerged dike combination 5, first, the anti-inclination and anti-settlement stability pile 7 is fixed, then the combined frame 8 provided with the baffle is placed on the anti-settlement supporting plate 72, one combined frame 8 is placed on the anti-settlement supporting plate 72 on both sides of the hydraulic plug pile 71, and the two combined frames 8 are placed with a space in the middle for placing the frame sliding groove 6, then the submerged dike combination 5 is placed in the space surrounded by the combined frame 8, and the upper half of the hydraulic plug pile 71 is inserted into the frame sliding groove 6, and the side of the combined frame 8 away from the hydraulic plug pile 71 is combined and connected with the adjacent combined frame 8 through the combined female buckles 81 and the combined male buckles 82. Through the above connection and installation mode, the plurality of submerged dike combinations 5 can form a stable whole, thereby increasing the stability of the whole submerged dike. In addition, when the submerged dike monomer and the submerged dike combination 5 are installed in a mixed and alternating manner, the installation mode of the combined frame 8 with the submerged dike monomer and the submerged dike combination 5 is a combination of the above two installation methods.

[0053] Since the above embodiments are described in combination with other modes, the same parts are present between different embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments in the description are referred to each other. Herein, no longer detailed description is given.

[0054] It should be noted that unless otherwise defined, the terms "connected", "coupled" or the like, mean any connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between otherwise intimately associated in the art, and can be understood in the discretion of the artisan, as referring to an internal connection or coupling between two elements and can be direct or through other intermediate mediums, and can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the relevant art in light of the description contained herein. The terms "comprising", "containing" or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a circuit structure, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such article or apparatus. Without more limitations, the element defined by the phrase "including a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the article or apparatus including the element. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "central", "both ends" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0055] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the features of the application disclosed herein. It is intended that the present application cover any and all variations of the present application comprising features of the application falling within the scope of the general inventive concepts. The specification and examples are illustrative only and not restrictive of the true scope and spirit of the application, as defined by the claims.

[0056] The above-described embodiments of the application do not constitute a limitation in terms of the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A submersible breakwater, comprising individual breakwater units, characterized in that, The submerged breakwater unit includes a wave-facing section (1), a wave-repelling section (2), a top section (3), and a base (4). The cross-sections of the wave-facing section (1), the wave-repelling section (2), and the base (4) along the wave incident direction are triangular in shape. The top section (3) is the part of the apex of the triangular structure that extends upward along the height direction. The wave-facing section (1) and the wave-repelling section (2) are hollow plates. Two of the submerged breakwater units are arranged sequentially along the intersection of the wave-facing portion (1) and the base (4) to form a submerged breakwater assembly (5), and a frame chute (6) is fixedly installed between the two submerged breakwater units in the submerged breakwater assembly. The submerged dike also includes anti-tipping and anti-settlement stabilizing piles (7), which include hydraulic sheet piles (71) and anti-settlement support plates (72). The upper part of the hydraulic sheet piles (71) can be installed in the frame chute (6), and the anti-settlement support plates (72) are vertically fixed on the hydraulic sheet piles (71). The base (4) can be placed on the anti-settlement support plates (72).

2. The submerged breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the wave-facing part (1) and the wave-back part (2) are arc-shaped structures. The cross-sectional shape of the wave-facing part (1), the wave-back part (2) and the top part (3) along the wave incident direction is "human" shaped.

3. The submerged breakwater according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arc range of the arc surfaces of the wave-facing part (1) and the wave-avoiding part (2) is 0~0.5π.

4. The submersible breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The wave-facing portion (1) and the wave-avoiding portion (2) are symmetrically distributed relative to the top portion (3).

5. The submersible breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one water passage (9) is provided on the wave-facing part (1) and the wave-repelling part (2).

6. The submerged breakwater according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water passages (9) of the wave-facing section (1) and the wave-repelling section (2) are staggered.

7. The submerged breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic sheet pile (71) is a frame structure.

8. The submersible breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The submersible also includes a composite frame (8), which is a cuboid frame structure. A baffle is installed on the bottom surface of the cuboid frame. The two vertical sides of the composite frame (8) are provided with a composite female buckle (81), and the other two vertical sides are provided with a composite female buckle (82). The composite female buckle (81) and the composite female buckle (82) can be combined and connected.

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