A high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pullout isolation and shock absorption device and an isolation and shock absorption method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling isolation and shock-absorbing device and an isolation and shock-absorbing method. The device is composed of an upper steel cylinder, a lower steel cylinder, a lower isolation and shock-absorbing unit, an upper isolation and shock-absorbing unit, and a fluid damping material. During an earthquake or vibration, in the horizontal direction, the lower isolation and shock-absorbing unit isolates and dampens vibrations through shear deformation, and in the vertical direction, the compression deformation of the spring and viscoelastic pad isolates the vibration transmission and dissipates the vibration energy. In addition, the device adopts innovative designs such as fluid damping materials, circumferential bosses, and damping round holes, increasing the damping ratio in multiple directions and solving technical problems such as anti-pulling and anti-torsion. This device can effectively cope with the multi-directional and wide-frequency-domain complex vibration disasters commonly existing during the service period of engineering structures, and has advantages such as a clear force-bearing process and convenient processing and manufacturing, and is easy to be popularized and applied in engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to seismic isolation and vibration reduction technology, and specifically to a high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pullout seismic isolation and vibration reduction device and a seismic isolation and vibration reduction method. Technical Background

[0002] Harmful vibration is a common problem existing in various engineering structures. Multi-directional, large-amplitude, and low-frequency sudden vibrations such as earthquakes and strong winds can cause catastrophic damage, collapse, and a large number of casualties to important infrastructures such as ground buildings and bridges; multi-directional, small-amplitude, and high-frequency continuous vibrations generated by subway and high-speed rail operations and mechanical equipment operation will affect the use comfort of buildings and lead to the deterioration of equipment performance. Controlling various harmful vibrations is crucial for safeguarding people's lives and improving the urban disaster prevention level.

[0003] Seismic isolation and vibration reduction technology is an effective means to deal with harmful vibrations in engineering structures. By adding a subsystem to the structure and changing the dynamic characteristics of the controlled structure, the harm of vibration disasters to the structure can be reduced. Seismic isolation and vibration reduction technology has currently been applied to disaster prevention and mitigation of many engineering structures such as building structures, long-span structures, and long-span bridges. However, various harmful vibrations existing in engineering often have complex characteristics such as multi-dimension, wide-frequency domain, and coupling. Existing seismic isolation and vibration reduction devices have many limitations. On the one hand, these devices usually have a single control direction and only have a control effect on horizontal vibrations or earthquakes, and it is difficult to cope with complex excitations in multiple directions; on the other hand, these devices usually have a narrow effective seismic isolation and vibration reduction frequency band and cannot meet the vibration suppression requirements of multiple types of vibrations.

[0004] Multi-directional seismic isolation and vibration reduction technology is an effective solution to the above problems. By changing the stiffness and damping in multiple directions of the structure, the influence of multi-dimensional vibration disasters can be reduced. However, existing multi-directional seismic isolation and vibration reduction devices often have low damping ratios, weak energy dissipation capabilities, problems such as poor adjustable performance and narrow seismic isolation and vibration reduction frequency bands, and it is usually difficult to take into account problems such as anti-pullout, anti-torsion, and anti-overturning during design. These problems have also become technical bottlenecks restricting the further development and engineering application promotion of multi-directional seismic isolation and vibration reduction devices.

[0005] Therefore, aiming at the above technical bottlenecks, inventing a high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pullout seismic isolation and vibration reduction device has great engineering value and application prospects. This device needs to consider the differences in the characteristics of various harmful vibrations, can effectively cope with vibration disasters with multi-directional and wide-frequency domain characteristics, and at the same time the device should also have strong anti-pullout and anti-torsion capabilities to ensure applicability and reliability in extreme situations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a high-damping, multi-directional, wide-band anti-pulling and anti-vibration isolation and reduction device and a vibration isolation and reduction method, which can effectively deal with the multi-directional vibration disasters commonly existing in engineering structures, and has the advantages of large damping ratio, wide vibration isolation and reduction frequency band, strong anti-pulling and anti-torsion capabilities, and a wide range of applications.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical means adopted by the present invention are:

[0008] A high damping multi-directional wide frequency range anti-pulling isolation and damping device comprises: an upper steel cylinder, a lower steel cylinder, a lower isolation and damping unit, an upper isolation and damping unit and a fluid damping material, wherein:

[0009] The upper steel cylinder and the lower steel cylinder are arranged along the same axis. The upper end of the upper steel cylinder is closed and the lower end is open. The top of the cylinder is fixed to the upper structure, and the open end extends into the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder. The lower end of the lower steel cylinder is closed and the upper end is open. The bottom is fixed to the structural foundation.

[0010] The lower shock-isolating unit is disposed in the inner cavities of the upper steel cylinder and the lower steel cylinder at the same time, with the bottom being fixed to the closed end of the lower steel cylinder and located at the center of the lower steel cylinder, for isolating and dissipating vibration energy in the horizontal direction;

[0011] The upper isolation and damping unit is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the upper steel cylinder, the top is fixed to the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, and the bottom is in close contact with the lower isolation and damping unit, and is used to isolate and dissipate vertical vibration energy, including:

[0012] A connecting plate is fixed to the top of the lower isolation and damping unit and is provided with a plurality of circular holes. An upper isolation and damping unit for adjusting the vertical stiffness and damping of the device is provided between the connecting plate and the upper steel cylinder, comprising: a spring, comprising a plurality of springs, which are arranged between the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate and are evenly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the connecting plate.

[0013] A plurality of guide rods, the upper ends of which are anchored to the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, and the lower ends of which are successively passed through the circular holes of the spring and the connecting plate and are fastened to the bottom surface of the connecting plate;

[0014] Viscoelastic pads, including a plurality of viscoelastic pads, which are arranged between the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate and are evenly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the connecting plate;

[0015] A plurality of pairs of limit grooves, divided into upper limit grooves and lower limit grooves, the upper limit groove is arranged on the inner surface of the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, the lower limit groove is arranged on the top surface of the connecting plate, and the viscoelastic pad is installed in the upper and lower limit grooves;

[0016] The fluid damping material is filled in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder and surrounds the outer side of the lower shock-isolating unit;

[0017] The open end at the bottom of the upper steel cylinder is immersed in the fluid damping material, and an annular bump is arranged along the circumferential direction of the open end at the bottom to increase the movement resistance of the upper steel cylinder.

[0018] The lower shock isolation unit is a laminated rubber core pad, which is composed of several layers of rubber and steel plates alternately laminated in sequence;

[0019] The rubber layer is made of natural rubber material or high-damping viscoelastic material, and the thickness is between 1 and 7 mm.

[0020] The height of the upper shock isolation unit is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of that of the lower shock isolation unit;

[0021] The spring is a helical spring or a disc spring;

[0022] The viscoelastic pad is made of high-dissipation viscoelastic material, and its shape is a cylinder, which provides stiffness and damping through compression deformation.

[0023] The fluid damping material is silicone oil, polyurethane, phenolic resin or viscoelastic fluid material.

[0024] A circle of damping holes is formed along the circumferential direction at the upper part of the bottom of the upper steel cylinder located at the annular bump, and the through holes are immersed in the fluid damping material. When the fluid damping material passes through the damping holes, additional damping in the horizontal direction is provided.

[0025] One end of the guide rod is connected to the upper end of the upper steel cylinder by threading or welding, and the other end passes through the round hole of the connecting plate and is fastened to the bottom surface of the connecting plate by threading and high-strength nuts;

[0026] The diameter of the round hole of the connecting plate is 1 to 2 mm larger than the diameter of the guide rod.

[0027] The depths of the upper limit groove and the lower limit groove are both 1 mm to 3 mm, which are used to limit the horizontal sliding of the viscoelastic pad.

[0028] Upper sealing plates and lower sealing plates are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the lower shock isolation unit. The upper sealing plate and the connecting plate are connected by high-strength bolts, and the lower sealing plate and the closed end of the lower steel cylinder are connected by high-strength bolts.

[0029] The distance between the outer wall of the upper steel cylinder and the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder should be not less than twice the thickness of the viscoelastic material layer in the lower shock isolation unit to ensure that the device can meet the deformation requirements in the horizontal direction.

[0030] The present invention further discloses a shock isolation method based on the high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency domain anti-pullout shock isolation device, which is divided into four stages according to different application environments:

[0031] Under static load, the gravity of the structure is jointly borne by the upper isolation and shock absorption unit, the lower isolation and shock absorption unit, and the fluid damping material. Among them, the lower isolation and shock absorption unit and the upper isolation and shock absorption unit work in series and are the main load-bearing components. At the same time, the fluid damping material hinders the vertical movement of the annular boss at the lower end of the upper steel cylinder and also shares part of the vertical load.

[0032] Under horizontal seismic or vibration action, the lower isolation and shock absorption unit and the fluid damping material jointly play the roles of seismic isolation and shock absorption. Among them, the lower isolation and shock absorption unit undergoes shear deformation to isolate the upward transmission of vibration and consume part of the vibration energy. At the same time, a circle of damping holes is opened along the circumferential direction at the upper part of the bottom of the upper steel cylinder located on the annular convex block. During horizontal movement, the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder will pass through the damping holes to further enhance the shock absorption ability in the horizontal direction.

[0033] Under vertical seismic or vibration action, the springs and viscoelastic pads in the upper isolation and shock absorption unit make the device form a vertical weak layer. The two move vertically along the guide rod to play the role of seismic isolation. The viscoelastic pad consumes energy through compression deformation to produce a shock absorption effect. At the same time, the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder will hinder the vertical movement of the annular boss of the upper steel cylinder to generate an additional damping force and enhance the shock absorption ability in the vertical direction.

[0034] When the upper structure undergoes torsion, swaying, and uplifting effects, due to the structure of the annular boss adopted at the bottom of the upper steel cylinder, the fluid damping material will hinder its movement in the corresponding direction.

[0035] When torsion occurs, the upper steel cylinder and the fluid damping material will bear most of the torque to prevent the lower isolation and shock absorption unit and the upper isolation and shock absorption unit in the device from being damaged by torsion.

[0036] When swaying occurs, the hindering effect of the fluid damping material will cause the device to generate a resisting moment to prevent the overturning of the upper structure.

[0037] When the device is in tension, the fluid damping material and the upper steel cylinder will bear most of the tensile force to protect the core components in the device from being damaged by tension.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] First, the device has multi-directional isolation and shock absorption capabilities. In the horizontal direction, the device mainly undergoes shear deformation of the laminated rubber core pad. In the vertical direction, it mainly undergoes compression deformation of the springs and viscoelastic pads. Both will produce isolation and shock absorption effects. At the same time, when the device moves horizontally and vertically, the fluid damping material will also provide additional damping to further enhance the shock absorption ability. Therefore, the device overcomes the problems of traditional isolation and shock absorption devices such as single control direction and low damping ratio, and can effectively reduce the impact of multi-dimensional complex vibration disasters on the controlled structure.

[0040] II. The device can meet the vertical bearing requirements of different structures. When under static load, the lower and upper isolation and shock absorption units in the device work in series to jointly bear the vertical load. Among them, the lower isolation and shock absorption unit is a laminated rubber core pad, which has a large vertical stiffness and bearing capacity. The springs and viscoelastic pads in the upper isolation and shock absorption unit have strong deformation ability. At the same time, the resistance of the fluid damping material to the annular boss will also resist part of the vertical load. Therefore, the device has strong vertical bearing capacity and can meet the bearing capacity requirements of different types of engineering structures.

[0041] III. The device has isolation and shock absorption ability in a wide frequency range. On the one hand, the device provides horizontal damping through the shear deformation of the laminated rubber and generates vertical damping by using the compression deformation of the high-damping viscoelastic pad. On the other hand, the bottom of the upper steel cylinder of the device adopts an innovative design of circumferential openings and annular bosses, and provides additional horizontal and vertical damping through the shear and compression deformation of high-fluid damping materials such as silicone oil and polyurethane. Therefore, the device has a high damping ratio and excellent energy dissipation and shock absorption effect, and can effectively cope with different types of vibration multi-source disasters in a wide frequency range.

[0042] IV. The device has high stability and strong anti-pulling ability. The bottom of the upper steel cylinder in the device adopts the structure of an annular boss. When the device is vertically pulled, due to the hindrance effect of the fluid damping material, it will provide strong anti-pulling ability to avoid the tensile failure of the core components of the device. At the same time, when the device is twisted or bent, the fluid damping will also restrict the movement of the annular boss in the corresponding direction, generating resistance torque or resistance moment. Therefore, the device has high stability and can effectively cope with the uplifting, torsion and overturning of the controlled structure when multi-directional vibration coupling occurs.

[0043] V. The device has a deformation limit function in extreme cases. When the horizontal deformation is too large, the outer wall of the upper steel cylinder of the device will contact the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder to limit the horizontal deformation. When the vertical deformation is too large, the bottoms of the upper and lower steel cylinders of the device will contact each other to limit the vertical deformation. Therefore, the device has a self-limiting function and can prevent damage caused by excessive deformation in extreme cases. Description of the Drawings

[0044] Figure 1 It is a detailed structural diagram of a high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency anti-pulling isolation and shock absorption device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of a high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency anti-pulling isolation and shock absorption device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is an assembly explosion diagram of a high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency anti-pulling isolation and shock absorption device of the present invention;

[0047] In the figure, 1 is the upper steel cylinder; 1-1 is the annular boss of the upper steel cylinder; 1-2 is the circumferential damping hole of the upper steel cylinder; 2 is the lower isolation and shock absorption unit; 2-1 is the laminated rubber or viscoelastic material; 2-2 is the laminated steel plate; 2-3 is the core gasket plate; 2-4 is the connecting bolt of the lower isolation and shock absorption unit to the upper and lower components; 3-1 is the connecting plate; 3-2 is the spring; 3-3 is the viscoelastic pad; 3-4 is the guide rod; 3-4-1 is the upper end thread of the guide rod; 3-4-2 is the lower end thread of the guide rod; 3-5 is the end nut of the guide rod; 3-6-1 is the lower limit groove; 3-6-2 is the upper limit groove; 4 is the fluid damping material; 5 is the lower steel cylinder. Detailed implementation mode

[0048] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific embodiments, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail.

[0049] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency-domain anti-pull-out isolation and shock absorption device of the present invention mainly includes an upper steel cylinder 1, a lower steel cylinder 5, a lower isolation and shock absorption unit 2, a vertical isolation and shock absorption unit, and a fluid damping material 4. Among them, the lower isolation and shock absorption unit is a laminated rubber core pad, and the vertical isolation and shock absorption unit includes a connecting plate, a plurality of springs, a viscoelastic pad, a guide rod, and a constraint steel cylinder. Embodiment

[0050] In the embodiment, the lower isolation and shock absorption unit is a high-damping viscoelastic core support. After stacking multiple steel plates and viscoelastic sheets in sequence, it is vulcanized and formed under high temperature and high pressure. Among them, the thickness of the steel plate is 2-3 mm, and the thickness of the viscoelastic sheet is 1-7 mm. The actual thickness is determined according to relevant specifications and the application environment of the device. Before vulcanization, a sealing plate is embedded in the upper and lower parts of the laminated rubber core pad, and a number of threaded holes are opened on the sealing plate for connecting the upper and lower components.

[0051] The upper isolation and shock absorption unit includes a connecting plate, a spring, a viscoelastic pad, a guide rod, and a constraint steel cylinder. Among them, the connecting plate and the upper sealing plate of the laminated rubber core pad are connected by high-strength bolts. A plurality of round holes are opened on the connecting plate, and the diameter of the hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the guide rod to achieve a sliding connection with the guide rod.

[0052] Threads are opened at both ends of the guide rod. One end is connected to the top plate of the upper steel cylinder, and the other end passes through the spring and the round hole of the connecting plate in sequence, and is fastened to the lower surface of the connecting plate by an external hexagonal high-strength nut. After setting the guide rod, the horizontal deformation of the vertical isolation and shock absorption unit can be restricted, and the vertical tensile disconnection can be prevented.

[0053] The spring is a metal helical spring, and its height is 1 / 4-1 / 2 of the viscoelastic core support. It mainly provides vertical load-bearing and shock isolation functions. The spring is sleeved on the guide rod to restrict its horizontal movement.

[0054] The viscoelastic pad is made of viscoelastic material with high energy dissipation capacity and excellent aging resistance. It is vulcanized under high temperature and high pressure. It is cylindrical in shape and is located in the limiting groove of the upper shock isolation unit. It is in close contact with the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate respectively. During earthquakes or vibrations, it consumes energy through reciprocating compression and deformation.

[0055] The limiting grooves are respectively located on the inner surface of the closed end of the upper steel cylinder and the top surface of the lower steel cylinder connecting plate, with a depth of 1~2mm, and are used to limit the horizontal sliding of the viscoelastic pad.

[0056] The upper and lower steel cylinders are both cylindrical, with one end open and the other closed, and the open end is placed upward. High-grade silicone oil is poured into the cylinder, and the viscoelastic core support is installed inside the upper steel cylinder and partially immersed in the high-grade silicone oil.

[0057] The upper steel cylinder is supported on the upper isolation and damping unit, with the open end facing downward. The bottom is provided with an annular boss by increasing the cross section, and damping holes are opened in the circumferential direction above the annular boss. During assembly, it is necessary to ensure that the annular boss and the damping holes are completely immersed in high-grade silicone oil to effectively realize the horizontal and vertical high damping characteristics of the device, while improving the device's anti-pullout and anti-torsion capabilities.

[0058] The various components in the device can be processed at the same time and assembled in sequence. After the assembly is completed, the upper steel cylinder top plate of the device is consolidated with the controlled structure, and the lower steel cylinder bottom plate is consolidated with the structural foundation, so that the device can be installed in the structure.

[0059] A working method of a high-damping multi-directional wide-band anti-pulling and isolation shock-absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is:

[0060] By setting a high-damping multi-directional wide-band pull-out isolation and shock-absorbing device between the upper structure and the lower vibration source, it can provide multi-directional, wide-band pull-out isolation (vibration) and shock (vibration) capabilities. The device has strong pull-out resistance, which can effectively avoid the lift-off effect and overturning phenomenon of the upper structure in extreme cases, and improve the structure's defense level against complex vibration disasters. The device has a clear geometric structure and clear mechanical behavior. According to different application environments, it is mainly divided into four stages:

[0061] During static load, the gravity of the structure is borne jointly by the upper and lower isolation and damping units and the fluid damping material. Among them, the lower and upper isolation and damping units work in series and are the main load-bearing elements. At the same time, the fluid damping material hinders the vertical movement of the annular boss at the lower end of the upper steel cylinder and also shares part of the vertical load.

[0062] When subjected to horizontal seismic or vibration actions, the isolation and shock absorption functions are jointly exerted by the lower isolation and shock absorption unit and the fluid damping material. Among them, the laminated rubber core pad in the lower isolation and shock absorption unit undergoes shear deformation, isolating the upward transmission of vibration and consuming part of the vibration energy. At the same time, under the constraint of the guiding rod, the upper isolation and shock absorption unit and the upper steel cylinder move horizontally as a whole, and the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder will pass through the bottom holes of the upper steel cylinder to further enhance the shock absorption capacity in the horizontal direction.

[0063] When subjected to vertical seismic or vibration actions, the spring and viscoelastic pad in the upper isolation and shock absorption unit make the device form a vertical weak layer. The two move vertically along the guiding rod to play an isolation role, and the viscoelastic pad consumes energy through compression deformation to produce a shock absorption effect. At the same time, the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder will hinder the vertical movement of the annular boss of the upper steel cylinder, generating an additional damping force to enhance the shock absorption capacity in the vertical direction.

[0064] When the superstructure undergoes torsional, rocking and uplifting actions, due to the structure of the annular boss adopted at the bottom of the upper steel cylinder, the fluid damping material will hinder the movement in the corresponding direction. When torsion occurs, the upper steel cylinder and the fluid damping material will bear most of the torque, avoiding torsional damage to the lower and upper isolation and shock absorption units in the device. When rocking occurs, the hindering effect of the fluid damping material will cause the device to generate a resisting moment to prevent the overturning of the superstructure. When the device is in tension, the fluid damping material and the upper steel cylinder will bear most of the tensile force, protecting the core components in the device from being damaged by tension and improving the anti-pulling capacity.

Claims

1. A high damping multi-directional wide frequency range anti-pulling and isolation shock absorption device. include: An upper steel cylinder, a lower steel cylinder, a lower isolation and damping unit, an upper isolation and damping unit and a fluid damping material, wherein: The upper steel cylinder and the lower steel cylinder are arranged along the same axis. The upper end of the upper steel cylinder is closed and the lower end is open. The top of the cylinder is fixed to the upper structure, and the open end extends into the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder. The lower end of the lower steel cylinder is closed and the upper end is open. The bottom is fixed to the structural foundation. The lower shock-isolating unit is disposed in the inner cavities of the upper steel cylinder and the lower steel cylinder at the same time, with the bottom being fixed to the closed end of the lower steel cylinder and located at the center of the lower steel cylinder, for isolating and dissipating vibration energy in the horizontal direction; The upper isolation and damping unit is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the upper steel cylinder, the top is fixed to the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, and the bottom is in close contact with the lower isolation and damping unit, and is used to isolate and dissipate vertical vibration energy, and is characterized by comprising: A connecting plate is fixed to the top of the lower isolation and damping unit and is provided with a plurality of circular holes. An upper isolation and damping unit for adjusting the vertical stiffness and damping of the device is provided between the connecting plate and the upper steel cylinder, comprising: a spring, comprising a plurality of springs, which are arranged between the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate and are evenly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the connecting plate. A plurality of guide rods, the upper ends of which are anchored to the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, and the lower ends of which are successively passed through the circular holes of the spring and the connecting plate and are fastened to the bottom surface of the connecting plate; Viscoelastic pads, including a plurality of viscoelastic pads, which are arranged between the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate and are evenly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the connecting plate; A plurality of pairs of limit grooves, divided into upper limit grooves and lower limit grooves, the upper limit groove is arranged on the inner surface of the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, the lower limit groove is arranged on the top surface of the connecting plate, and the viscoelastic pad is installed in the upper and lower limit grooves; The fluid damping material is filled in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder and surrounds the outer side of the lower shock-isolating unit; The bottom open end of the upper steel cylinder is immersed in the fluid damping material, and an annular protrusion is arranged along the bottom open end to increase the movement resistance of the upper steel cylinder.

2. According to claim 1, a high damping multi-directional wide-band anti-pulling and anti-vibration isolation device, It is characterized in that The lower shock-isolating unit is a laminated rubber core pad, which is composed of several layers of rubber and steel plates alternately laminated in sequence; The rubber layer is made of natural rubber material or high damping viscoelastic material, and has a thickness of 1-7 mm.

3. A high damping multi-directional wide frequency range anti-pulling and anti-vibration isolation device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The height of the upper isolation and damping unit is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the lower isolation and damping unit; The spring is a coil spring or a butterfly spring; The viscoelastic pad is a high dissipation viscoelastic material in the shape of a cylinder, and provides stiffness and damping through compression deformation.

4. According to claim 1, a high damping multi-directional wide-band tensile and isolation shock-absorbing device, It is characterized in that The fluid damping material is silicone oil, polyurethane, phenolic resin or viscoelastic fluid material.

5. According to claim 1, a high damping multi-directional wide-band anti-pulling and anti-vibration isolation device, It is characterized in that A circle of damping holes is circumferentially formed in the upper part of the bottom of the upper steel cylinder located on the upper part of the annular convex block. The damping holes are immersed in the fluid damping material. When the fluid damping material passes through the damping holes, additional damping in the horizontal direction is provided.

6. A high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency-domain anti-pullout isolation and shock-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the guide rod is connected to the upper end of the upper steel cylinder by threading or welding. After the other end passes through the round hole of the connecting plate, it is fastened to the bottom surface of the connecting plate by threading and a high-strength nut; The diameter of the round hole of the connecting plate is 1-2 mm larger than the diameter of the guide rod.

7. A high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency-domain anti-pullout isolation and shock-absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The depths of the upper limit groove and the lower limit groove are both 1 mm to 3 mm, which are used to limit the horizontal sliding of the viscoelastic pad.

8. A high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency-domain anti-pullout isolation and shock-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Upper sealing plates and lower sealing plates are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the lower isolation and shock-absorbing unit. The upper sealing plate and the connecting plate are connected by high-strength bolts, and the lower sealing plate and the closed end of the lower steel cylinder are connected by high-strength bolts.

9. A high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency-domain anti-pullout isolation and shock-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the outer wall of the upper steel cylinder and the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder should be not less than twice the thickness of the viscoelastic material layer in the lower isolation and shock-absorbing unit to ensure that the device can meet the deformation requirements in the horizontal direction.

10. An isolation and shock-absorbing method based on the high-damping multi-directional wide-frequency-domain anti-pullout isolation and shock-absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, According to different application environments, it is divided into four stages: Under static load, the gravity of the structure is jointly borne by the upper isolation and shock-absorbing unit, the lower isolation and shock-absorbing unit and the fluid damping material. Among them, the lower isolation and shock-absorbing unit and the upper isolation and shock-absorbing unit work in series and are the main load-bearing components. At the same time, the fluid damping material hinders the vertical movement of the annular boss at the lower end of the upper steel cylinder and also shares part of the vertical load; Under horizontal seismic or vibration action, the lower isolation and shock-absorbing unit and the fluid damping material jointly play the role of seismic isolation and shock absorption. Among them, the lower isolation and shock-absorbing unit undergoes shear deformation to isolate the upward transmission of vibration and consume part of the vibration energy; at the same time, a circle of damping holes is circumferentially formed in the upper part of the bottom of the upper steel cylinder located on the upper part of the annular convex block. During horizontal movement, the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder will pass through the damping holes to further enhance the shock-absorbing ability in the horizontal direction; Under vertical seismic or vibration action, the springs and viscoelastic pads in the upper isolation and shock-absorbing unit form a vertical weak layer for the device. The two move vertically along the guide rod to play the role of seismic isolation. The viscoelastic pad consumes energy through compression deformation to produce a shock-absorbing effect; at the same time, the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder will hinder the vertical movement of the annular boss of the upper steel cylinder to generate an additional damping force and enhance the shock-absorbing ability in the vertical direction; When the upper structure undergoes torsional, swaying and uplifting actions, due to the structure of the annular boss at the bottom of the upper steel cylinder, the fluid damping material will hinder its movement in the corresponding direction; When torsion occurs, the upper steel cylinder and the fluid damping material will bear most of the torque, avoiding torsional damage to the lower and upper isolation and shock absorption units in the device; When rocking occurs, the obstructive effect of the fluid damping material will cause the device to generate a resisting moment to prevent the overturning of the upper structure; When the device is in tension, the fluid damping material and the upper steel cylinder will bear most of the tensile force to protect the core components in the device from being damaged by tension.

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