An antenna system and electronic device

Abstract

This application provides an antenna system and an electronic device, relating to the field of electronic device technology, enabling the antenna system on the electronic device to simultaneously consider both directivity and hand grip performance in landscape mode. The antenna system includes a first antenna, the radiator of which includes a first stub and a second stub; the first stub is disposed on a first side of the electronic device, the second stub is disposed on a second side of the electronic device, a first feed point is disposed at the connection between the first stub and the second stub, a first ground point is located on the portion of the radiator between the first feed point and the first end, and the electrical length of this portion of the radiator is 1 / 2 wavelength to 1 wavelength; a second ground point is located on the portion of the radiator between the first feed point and the second end, and the electrical length of this portion of the radiator is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 / 2 wavelength. The antenna system provided by this application is used for signal transmission and reception.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic equipment technology, and more particularly to an antenna system and an electronic device having the antenna system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electronic devices such as tablets, laptops, and personal digital assistants typically employ an all-metal exterior for aesthetic and appearance consistency reasons. They often incorporate antennas via slotted cutouts on their short sides for signal transmission and reception. Furthermore, these devices are typically used in a landscape orientation, where the user holds the device by its two shorter sides with the longer sides aligned vertically relative to the user. Antennas on the short sides (such as Wi-Fi MIMO antennas) require excellent grip and directionality in this landscape orientation, but current all-metal devices with slotted cutouts on the short sides often fail to meet these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an antenna system and an electronic device to solve the problem of how the antenna system can ensure the consistency of the appearance of the electronic device while taking into account the directionality and hand grip performance in landscape use.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, an antenna system is provided for use in an electronic device having intersecting first and second sides. The antenna system includes a first antenna, and the radiator of the first antenna includes a first stub and a second stub. The first stub is disposed on and extends along the first side of the electronic device, and the second stub is disposed on and extends along the second side of the electronic device. One end of the first stub is connected to one end of the second stub, and the connection portion is disposed at the intersection of the first and second sides.

[0006] The radiator of the first antenna has a first feed point and a first ground point. The first feed point is located at the connection between the first stub and the second stub. The end of the first stub furthest from the second stub is designated as the first end. The first ground point is located on the radiator of the first antenna between the first feed point and the first end. The first antenna can excite a 3 / 4 wavelength mode in the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end, meaning the electrical length of the radiator between the first feed point and the first end is between 1 / 2 wavelength and 1 wavelength. Optionally, the electrical length of the radiator between the first feed point and the first end is 3 / 4 wavelength.

[0007] The end of the second branch furthest from the first branch is called the second end. The radiator of the first antenna also has a second grounding point, which is located on the radiator of the first antenna between the first feed point and the second end. The first antenna can excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode (hereinafter referred to as mode two) of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end in the first antenna. That is, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end in the first antenna is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 / 2 wavelength. Optionally, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end in the first antenna is 1 / 4 wavelength.

[0008] The antenna system provided in this application embodiment, since the first feed point is located at the connection between the first stub and the second stub, the first antenna can excite a 3 / 4 wavelength mode of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end of the first antenna. That is, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end of the first antenna is 1 / 2 wavelength to 1 wavelength. Simultaneously, since the first antenna can excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end of the first antenna, that is, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end of the first antenna is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 / 2 wavelength. Therefore, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end of the first antenna is greater than the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end of the first antenna. Assuming that the materials and environment of each part of the radiator are consistent or nearly consistent, the physical length of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end of the first antenna is also greater than the physical length of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end of the first antenna. It can be approximately considered that the length of the first stub is greater than the length of the second stub. In this way, most of the main body of the first antenna is located on the first side of the electronic device. If the first antenna is constructed by using a frame gap, the gap is set at the end of the first side and the second side near the first side. Therefore, the appearance consistency and aesthetics of the second side of the electronic device can be guaranteed to a certain extent.

[0009] Based on the above, since the first antenna can excite the 3 / 4 wavelength mode (i.e., mode one) of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end of the first antenna, the current in mode one is mainly distributed on the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end of the first antenna. The electric field point in mode one is located on the side of the first feed point closer to the first end, not at the connection between the first and second branches, that is, not at the corner of the electronic device, so it will not affect the directivity, and the directional performance is better. However, since the connection between the first and second branches is located at the corner, and the radiator in the first antenna located between the first feed point and the first end is located in the middle section of the first side, it will be held by hand in both landscape usage postures, resulting in poor grip performance.

[0010] Meanwhile, the first antenna can excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode (i.e., mode two) in the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end of the first antenna. In mode two, the current in the first antenna is mainly distributed on the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end. Furthermore, since the radiator between the first feed point and the second end is located at the corner and the second edge, and in both landscape orientations, the user cannot hold this corner and the second edge, mode two offers superior hand grip in both landscape orientations. However, the electric field in mode two is concentrated at the edges and corners of the electronic device; therefore, the directivity of the first antenna in mode two is relatively poor. To ensure the consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device's appearance, the first antenna employs dual-mode coverage, namely mode one and mode two.

[0011] In summary, in Mode 1, the first antenna exhibits superior directivity but poor grip performance in landscape mode. In Mode 2, the first antenna offers superior grip performance in both landscape modes, but its directivity remains poor. Furthermore, the resonant center frequency of Mode 1 lies within the operating frequency band of the first antenna, ensuring its directivity within that band. Conversely, the resonant center frequency of Mode 2 lies outside but close to the operating frequency band of the first antenna. Therefore, Mode 2 enhances the grip performance of the first antenna within its operating frequency band, resulting in a combination of superior directivity and excellent grip performance in both landscape modes within its operating frequency band.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the length of the second side is greater than the length of the first side. In this way, most of the main body of the first antenna is located on the short side of the electronic device. If a frame gap is used to construct the first antenna, the gap is set at the end of the short side and the long side near the short side. The short side of the electronic device is not easily noticed by the user, thus ensuring the consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device to a certain extent.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the resonant center frequency of mode one is located within the operating frequency band of the first antenna, assuming the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna is the first center frequency; the resonant center frequency of mode two is located outside the operating frequency band of the first antenna, and the resonant center frequency of mode two is the second center frequency. The difference between the second center frequency and the first center frequency is less than or equal to 300MHz. Thus, under the influence of mode two, the handheld performance of the first antenna within the operating frequency band is optimal. Further optionally, the difference between the second center frequency and the first center frequency is less than or equal to 200MHz. Thus, under the influence of mode two, the handheld performance of the first antenna within the operating frequency band is even better. Further optionally, the difference between the second center frequency and the first center frequency is greater than or equal to 50MHz and less than or equal to 100MHz. Thus, under the influence of mode two, the handheld performance of the first antenna within the operating frequency band is even better, while avoiding the influence of mode two on the directivity of the first antenna within the operating frequency band.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first antenna operates in the frequency band of 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz, and the first center frequency is 2.45 GHz.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the connection between the first and second stubs includes the intersection of the first and second stubs, a section on the first stub within 15 mm of the intersection, and a section on the second stub within 5 mm of the intersection. This allows the first antenna to have superior directivity and better grip within the operating frequency band.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the first grounding point is electrically connected to the reference ground via a first tuning device. That is, a first tuning device is connected in series along the electrical connection path between the first grounding point and the reference ground. This first tuning device can be an inductor, a capacitor, or a circuit formed by connecting one or more inductors and capacitors in parallel, series, or series-parallel. In this way, when the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end of the first antenna is not optimal, the first tuning device can be used to tune the resonant center frequency of this portion of the radiator (i.e., the resonant center frequency of mode one), ensuring that the resonant center frequency of mode one is within the operating frequency band of the first antenna.

[0017] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first ground point in the first antenna is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the wavelength. Specifically, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first ground point in the first antenna can be 1 / 4 of the wavelength, 1 / 2 of the wavelength, 3 / 5 of the wavelength, etc. In this way, when the first ground point is electrically connected to the reference ground via the first tuning device, the first tuning device can be tuned by a small amplitude to adjust the resonant center frequency of mode one to within the operating frequency band of the first antenna, thus reducing the cost and complexity of the first tuning device.

[0018] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the second grounding point is electrically connected to the reference ground via a second tuning device. That is, a second tuning device is connected in series along the electrical connection path between the second grounding point and the reference ground. This second tuning device can be an inductor, a capacitor, or a circuit formed by connecting one or more inductors and capacitors in parallel, series, or series-parallel. In this way, when the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end of the first antenna is not optimal, the second tuning device can be used to tune the resonant center frequency of this portion of the radiator (i.e., the resonant center frequency of mode two). This adjusts the resonant center frequency of mode two to a position where the difference between it and the center frequency of the first antenna's operating frequency band is less than or equal to 300MHz, less than or equal to 200MHz, or greater than or equal to 50MHz and less than or equal to 100MHz. This allows the first antenna to simultaneously maintain directionality and hand grip performance in both landscape orientations within its operating frequency band.

[0019] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator of the first antenna located between the first feed point and the second ground point is greater than or equal to 1 / 8 of the wavelength. Specifically, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator in the first antenna located between the first feed point and the second ground point can be 1 / 8 of the wavelength, 1 / 7 of the wavelength, 1 / 6 of the wavelength, etc. In this way, when the second ground point is electrically connected to the reference ground via a second tuning device, the second tuning device can be tuned by a small amplitude to adjust the resonant center frequency of mode two to a position where the difference from the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna is less than or equal to 300MHz, or less than or equal to 200MHz, or greater than or equal to 50MHz and less than or equal to 100MHz. Therefore, the cost and complexity of the second tuning device can be reduced.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a third side opposite to the second side, intersecting the first side. The antenna system also includes a second antenna, the radiator of which includes a third stub for being disposed on and extending along the first side. The radiator of the second antenna has a second feed point and a third ground point. The second feed point and the third ground point are disposed on the third stub and spaced apart along the third stub, the second antenna forming a ring-mode antenna. The electrical length of the portion of the third stub located between the second feed point and the third ground point is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 wavelength; in some embodiments, the electrical length of the portion of the third stub located between the second feed point and the third ground point is 1 / 2 wavelength. The portion of the radiator on the third stub located between the second feed point and the third ground point is a first partial radiator, the distance from the end of the first partial radiator furthest from the third side to the third side is less than or equal to 70 mm. Further, this distance may also be less than or equal to 60 mm or 50 mm. In this way, the ring-mode antenna is not gripped by the hand in one landscape orientation, thus offering superior hand grip performance in this orientation. However, when the electronic device is in another landscape orientation, the ring-mode antenna becomes easily gripped, therefore the second antenna can only meet the hand grip performance requirements for one landscape orientation. This second antenna, together with the first antenna, forms a MIMO antenna system, which can improve the capacity and spectrum utilization of the communication system.

[0021] Based on the above implementation, the distance from one end of the first radiator closest to the third side to the third side is greater than or equal to 0 mm. This places the ring-mode antenna in the middle section of the first side, not in a corner position, thus providing better directivity. Alternatively, the distance from the midpoint of the first radiator along its length to the third side is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength and less than or equal to 3 / 4 wavelength. This ensures that the ring-mode antenna maintains a suitable distance from corner positions while simultaneously considering directivity and hand-grip performance in a landscape orientation, thus guaranteeing its directivity.

[0022] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the second feed point can be located at the end of the first radiator furthest from the third side, and the third ground point can be located at the end of the first radiator closest to the third side. This allows the ring-mode antenna to have superior directional performance.

[0023] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the end of the third branch furthest from the third side is symmetrically positioned with respect to the first end of the first antenna about the midpoint of the first side. This way, when constructing the radiators of the first and second antennas by creating slits in the frame, the slit forming the end of the third branch furthest from the third side and the slit forming the first end of the first antenna can be symmetrically positioned about the midpoint of the first side. This reduces the difficulty of slit placement and improves the aesthetics of the electronic device.

[0024] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the radiator of the second antenna further includes a fourth stub, which is disposed on and extends along the third side. One end of the fourth stub is connected to one end of the third stub, and the connection point is located at the intersection of the first and third sides. The end of the fourth stub furthest from the third stub is symmetrically arranged with respect to the second end of the first antenna about the central axis of the first side; wherein, the central axis of the first side refers to an axis passing through the midpoint of the first side, perpendicular to the first side, and parallel to the electronic device. In this way, when constructing the radiator of the first antenna and the radiator of the second antenna by opening slots in the frame, the slot forming the end of the fourth stub furthest from the third stub and the slot forming the second end of the first antenna can be symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first side. This reduces the difficulty of slot arrangement and improves the aesthetics of the electronic device.

[0025] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a third side opposite to the second side, which intersects with the first side. The antenna system also includes a second antenna, the radiator of which includes a third stub and a fourth stub. The third stub is disposed on and extends along the first side, and the fourth stub is disposed on and extends along the third side. One end of the third stub is connected to one end of the fourth stub, and the connection point is disposed at the intersection of the first and third sides. The radiator of the second antenna has a second feed point and a third ground point. The second feed point is disposed at the connection point between the third and fourth stubs, the end of the third stub furthest from the fourth stub is the third end, and the third ground point is located on the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point and the third end. The second antenna is capable of exciting a 3 / 4 wavelength mode of the portion of the radiator of the second antenna located between the second feed point and the third end, that is, the electrical length of the radiator of the second antenna located between the second feed point and the third end is 1 / 2 wavelength to 1 wavelength. The end of the fourth branch furthest from the third branch is the fourth end. The radiator of the second antenna also has a fourth grounding point, which is located on the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point and the fourth end. The second antenna can excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the portion of the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point and the fourth end, that is, the electrical length of the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point and the fourth end is 1 / 8 to 1 / 2 wavelength. In some embodiments, the electrical length of the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point and the fourth end is 1 / 4 wavelength. The structure of this second antenna is the same as that of the first antenna, and it is symmetrically or approximately symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first side. Similar to the first antenna, the second antenna can also ensure the consistency of the appearance of the electronic device while taking into account both directivity and hand grip performance in two landscape usage postures. Therefore, the MIMO antenna system composed of the first antenna and the second antenna can ensure the consistency of the appearance of the electronic device while taking into account both directivity and hand grip performance in two landscape usage postures.

[0026] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the third end of the second antenna and the first end of the first antenna are symmetrically arranged about the midpoint of the first side. In this way, when constructing the radiators of the first antenna and the second antenna by opening slots in the frame, the slot forming the third end of the second antenna and the slot forming the first end of the first antenna can be symmetrically arranged about the midpoint of the first side. This reduces the difficulty of slot arrangement and improves the aesthetics of the electronic device.

[0027] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the fourth end of the second antenna and the second end of the first antenna are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first side; wherein, the central axis of the first side refers to the axis passing through the midpoint of the first side, perpendicular to the first side, and parallel to the electronic device. In this way, when constructing the radiators of the first antenna and the second antenna by creating slots in the frame, the slots forming the fourth end of the second antenna and the slots forming the second end of the first antenna can be symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the first side. This reduces the difficulty of slot arrangement and improves the aesthetics of the electronic device.

[0028] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, both the first and second antennas are Wi-Fi antennas. Wi-Fi antennas are commonly used in electronic devices and have a wide range of applications.

[0029] Secondly, an electronic device is provided, comprising a body and an antenna system as described in any of the above technical solutions. The body has intersecting first and second sides. A first branch of a first antenna in the antenna system is disposed on the first side of the body and extends along the first side, and a second branch of the first antenna is disposed on the second side of the body and extends along the second side. The connection portion between the first branch and the second branch is disposed at the intersection of the first and second sides.

[0030] Since the electronic device provided in this application includes the antenna system described in any of the above technical solutions, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same effect.

[0031] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the body includes a frame; the frame includes an intersecting first side and a second side, the first side forming a first side of the body, and the second side forming a second side of the body. A first slit is provided on the first side, and a third slit is provided in the section of the second side near the first side. The portion of the frame located between the first slit and the third slit forms the radiator of the first antenna. Thus, the frame constitutes the radiator of the first antenna in the antenna system; this structure is simple and has superior performance.

[0032] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a back cover; the back cover is integrally formed with the frame, and a fifth slit is provided between the portion of the frame located between the first and third slits and the back cover. This allows the radiator of the first antenna to be constructed using the fifth slit, and because the back cover and frame are integrally formed, the overall appearance and texture of the device can be improved.

[0033] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the frame further includes a fourth side opposite to the first side. The fourth side and the section of the second side closest to the first side are further provided with a sixth and an eighth slot. A tenth slot is provided between the portion of the frame located between the sixth and eighth slots and the back cover. The sixth, eighth, and tenth slots are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first, third, and fifth slots about the central axis of the second side of the electronic device, respectively. The central axis of the second side of the electronic device is an axis passing through the midpoint of the second side, perpendicular to the second side, and parallel to the electronic device. This allows for the construction of more antenna radiators at the fourth side of the electronic device, and also improves the aesthetics of the symmetrical arrangement.

[0034] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first, third, fifth, sixth, eighth, and tenth slits are filled with non-metallic materials such as plastic, rubber, and silicone. The frame, back cover, and these non-metallic materials within the slits are integrally formed using processes such as in-mold injection molding to ensure the back shell is a single structural component. This structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0035] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the first edge can be the top edge of the electronic device, that is, the edge located at the top of the electronic device when it is in portrait mode. In this way, when the electronic device is in portrait mode, the user's hand will not be holding either the first antenna or the second antenna, thereby ensuring the hand grip performance of the antenna system in portrait mode.

[0036] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the back cover forms a reference ground for both the first and second antennas, and the grounding point of the first antenna is electrically connected to this reference ground via a wire, spring, or other structure. This structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0037] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the electronic device is a tablet computer. Tablet computers have a wide range of applications and urgently require the improved antenna system described in this application to ensure both the consistency of the electronic device's appearance and its directionality and grip performance in landscape mode. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of the structure of electronic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the relative position of the electronic device to a human hand in a landscape orientation.

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 1The diagram shows the relative position of the electronic device and the user's hand when using the device in portrait mode.

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the relative position of the electronic device and a human hand in another landscape mode.

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of an antenna system on an electronic device.

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The first antenna in the electronic device shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The image shows a comparison of the input return loss curve and the overall efficiency curve under the horizontal usage posture; where S11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna in the FS state; s11 represents the first antenna in the... Figure 2 The input return loss curve is shown in landscape mode; T1 FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna in the FS state; T1 hand Indicates that the first antenna is in Figure 2 The figure shows the overall efficiency curve under landscape usage posture;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The second antenna inside the electronic device shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The image shows a comparison of the input return loss curve and overall efficiency curve under landscape orientation; where S22 represents the input return loss curve of the second antenna in FS state; s22 represents the input return loss curve of the second antenna in FS state. Figure 2 The input return loss curve is shown in landscape mode; T2 FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the second line under the FS state; T2 hand Indicates the second day's line is Figure 2 The figure shows the overall efficiency curve under landscape usage posture;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of another antenna system on the electronic device shown.

[0046] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the first antenna inside the electronic device shown at the 2.5 GHz frequency point;

[0047] Figure 10 for Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the second antenna inside the electronic device shown at the 2.5 GHz frequency point;

[0048] Figure 11 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of another antenna system on the electronic device shown.

[0049] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A magnified view of a portion of region I in the electronic device shown;

[0050] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The current distribution diagram of the first antenna on the electronic device shown is at the 2.423 GHz frequency point;

[0051] Figure 14 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna on the electronic device shown at the 2.5 GHz frequency point;

[0052] Figure 15 for Figure 12 The first antenna in the electronic device shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The image shows a comparison of the input return loss curve and the overall efficiency curve under the horizontal usage posture; where S11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna in the FS state; s11 represents the first antenna in the... Figure 2 The input return loss curve is shown in landscape mode; T3 FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna in the FS state; T3 hand Indicates that the first antenna is in Figure 2 The figure shows the overall efficiency curve under landscape usage posture;

[0053] Figure 16 for Figure 12 The current distribution of the first antenna on the electronic device shown is at a frequency of 2.66 GHz.

[0054] Figure 17 for Figure 12 The first antenna in the electronic device shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The image shows a comparison of the input return loss curve and the overall efficiency curve under the horizontal usage posture; where S11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna in the FS state; s11 represents the first antenna in the... Figure 2 The input return loss curve is shown in landscape mode; T4 FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna in the FS state; T4 hand Indicates that the first antenna is in Figure 2 The figure shows the overall efficiency curve under landscape usage posture;

[0055] Figure 18 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna on the electronic device shown at the 2.5 GHz frequency point;

[0056] Figure 19 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the input return loss curve and overall efficiency curve of the first antenna in the FS state within the electronic device; where S11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna in the FS state; T FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna in the FS state;

[0057] Figure 20 for Figure 12 The first antenna in the electronic device shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The graph shows a comparison of the total efficiency curve and radiation efficiency curve under landscape usage posture; where T FS T represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna in the FS state; hand Indicates that the first antenna is in Figure 2 The overall efficiency curve is shown under landscape usage posture; R FS This represents the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna in the FS state; R hand Indicates that the first antenna is in Figure 2 The radiation efficiency curve is shown under the horizontal screen usage posture.

[0058] Figure 21 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna on the electronic device shown at the 2.4 GHz frequency point;

[0059] Figure 22 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna on the electronic device shown at the 2.5 GHz frequency point;

[0060] Figure 23 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna on the electronic device shown at the 2.58 GHz frequency point;

[0061] Figure 24a A partial enlarged view of an antenna system within an electronic device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 24b for Figure 24a The diagram shows the input return loss curves of the first antenna in the electronic device, tuned by the first tuning device at different electrical lengths.

[0063] Figure 25a A partial enlarged view of an antenna system within an electronic device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0064] Figure 25b for Figure 25a The diagram shows the input return loss curves of the first antenna in the electronic device, tuned by the second tuning device at different electrical lengths.

[0065] Figure 26 for Figure 1The diagram shows the structure of another antenna system on the electronic device shown.

[0066] Figure 27 for Figure 26 A magnified view of a portion of region II in the electronic device shown;

[0067] Figure 28 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of another antenna system on the electronic device shown.

[0068] Figure 29 for Figure 28 A magnified view of a portion of region III in the electronic device shown;

[0069] Figure 30 A front view diagram of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0070] Figure 31 for Figure 30 A schematic diagram of the rear structure of the electronic device shown;

[0071] Figure 32 for Figure 30 and Figure 31 The diagram shows the internal structure of the back cover in the electronic device. Detailed Implementation

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," "sixth," "seventh," "eighth," "ninth," and "tenth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," "sixth," "seventh," "eighth," "ninth," and "tenth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0073] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0074] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0075] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0076] With the development of wireless communication technology, electronic devices such as tablet computers, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) devices, and media players typically incorporate antennas via slots on their short bezels for signal transmission or reception, based on aesthetic and appearance consistency considerations. For an example, please refer to [link to example]. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The electronic device 100 is a tablet computer, which has two opposing short sides a and b and two opposing long sides c and d. The lengths of the long sides c and d are greater than the lengths of the short sides a and b. Compared to the long sides c and d, the positions of the short sides a and b are less noticeable to the user when the electronic device is in use. Therefore, constructing antennas on the edges of the short sides a and b by means of slots can improve the appearance consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device.

[0077] Electronic devices must have at least a landscape orientation. For an example, please see... Figure 2 , Figure 2 for Figure 1The diagram illustrates the relative position of the electronic device 100 to a user's hand in a landscape orientation. In this orientation, the user holds the device's left and right hands on its two short sides a and b, respectively, with the long sides d and c aligned vertically relative to the user. Specifically, short side a is on the left, short side b is on the right, long side d is on the top, and long side c is on the bottom. If the user's hand covers the antenna on short sides a and b, the antenna's radiation environment changes, affecting its return loss or causing absorption of radiation efficiency, resulting in a significant decrease in radiation performance—a phenomenon known as the "death grip." To avoid this phenomenon in landscape orientation while maintaining the device's aesthetic appeal, the antenna can be positioned on the sides of the device's short sides a and b, located on either side of the user's hand. Figure 2 The areas circled by the dashed boxes A, B, C, or D will be referred to as area A, area B, area C, and area D, respectively. These four areas are not held by the hand when the screen is in landscape mode; therefore, placing an antenna at these locations will not cause a significant decrease in the antenna's radiation performance.

[0078] In the above embodiments, the electronic device may only have a landscape usage posture. Under this usage posture, the antenna can be set at... Figure 2 The four locations are designated as A, B, C, or D. Specifically, radiators can be installed at each of these four locations, or antennas can be installed at any two or three of these locations to form a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system. Alternatively, an antenna can be installed at any one of these four locations; no specific limitation is made here.

[0079] In some other embodiments, the electronic device 100 has a portrait mode in addition to a landscape mode. For example, see [link to example]. Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 1The diagram illustrates the relative position of the electronic device 100 to a user's hand in a portrait orientation. In this orientation, short side a is the top edge, short side b is the bottom edge, and long sides c and d are the two sides. The user's left and right hands respectively grip the portions of long sides c and d closest to short side b, as well as portions C and D on short side b. Therefore, placing the antenna at portions C and D would result in a "dead grip" in the portrait orientation. Thus, to maintain the consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device while avoiding a "dead grip" in both landscape and portrait orientations, the antenna can only be placed at either portion A or portion B. Specifically, antennas can be placed at both portions A and B to form a MIMO antenna system, or an antenna can be placed at either portion A or B; no specific limitation is made here.

[0080] In the above embodiments, compared to part A, part B is shorter and located in a corner of the electronic device. However, in some cases, the antenna needs to be placed in part B, or in a corner of part A symmetrical to part B. For example, when constructing a MIMO antenna system, an antenna needs to be placed in both part A and part B. As another example, when the electronic device has two landscape orientations, an antenna needs to be placed in either part B or a corner of part A symmetrical to part B. These two landscape orientations are opposite; please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the orientation of electronic device 100 in a landscape orientation, where the longer side c is at the top and the longer side d is at the bottom. Please refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the relative position of the electronic device 100 to a user's hand in another landscape orientation. In this orientation, the user holds the electronic device 100 with their left and right hands respectively along its two short sides b and a, with its long sides c and d aligned vertically relative to the user. Specifically, short side b is on the left, short side a is on the right, long side c is on top, and long side d is on the bottom. The position of the electronic device 100 is further illustrated using the camera 60 as a reference point. Figure 2 and Figure 4 The difference in orientation between the two landscape viewing postures shown is that... Figure 2 In the landscape orientation shown, camera 60 is located in the upper left corner of electronic device 100. Figure 4 In the landscape orientation shown, camera 60 is located in the lower right corner of the electronic device. Figure 4 The landscape mode shown is in Figure 2 The image shows the electronic device 100 rotated 180° in a landscape orientation. Figure 4In the landscape orientation shown, all parts of section A except for the corner symmetrical to section B are held by the hand. Therefore, in order to ensure hand grip performance in both landscape orientations while maintaining the consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device, the antenna needs to be located in section B or the corner of section A symmetrical to section B.

[0081] Based on the above description, to ensure the consistency of the electronic device's appearance and the grip performance in landscape mode, the antenna needs to be placed at at least one end of the short side of the electronic device, located at a corner. However, when the antenna is placed in a corner, it tends to excite more ground current, thus exciting more modes on the ground, equivalent to several antenna array elements. According to the principle of antenna arrays, the more antenna array elements there are, the stronger the antenna's directivity, i.e., the higher the directivity coefficient. Currently, some antennas (such as Wi-Fi antennas) require a lower directivity coefficient, generally controlled below 4.5 dBi. A higher directivity coefficient indicates poorer directivity. Therefore, in current electronic devices such as tablets, laptops, personal digital assistants, augmented reality / virtual reality devices, and media players, antennas cannot simultaneously guarantee the consistency of the electronic device's appearance while also ensuring good grip performance and directivity in landscape mode. The following examples further illustrate this problem with antennas in current electronic devices.

[0082] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of an antenna system on an electronic device 100. The antenna system includes two Wi-Fi antennas constituting a MIMO antenna system: a first antenna 10 and a second antenna 20. Both the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are conventional 1 / 2-octane wavelength loop antennas, operating in the 2GHz to 3GHz frequency band. The first antenna 10 is positioned on the short side a near point B. The first antenna 10 is neither located at point A nor at point B. Figure 2 In the landscape orientation shown, the first antenna 10 will be held by the hand, therefore the first antenna 10 is... Figure 2 The hand grip performance is poor when using the screen in landscape mode. The second antenna 20 is positioned at point A on the short side a of the electronic device 100. The second antenna 20 and the first antenna 10 are symmetrically positioned about the midpoint of the short side a. Figure 2 In the landscape orientation shown, it won't be held by the hand, therefore the second line 20 is... Figure 2The hand grip performance is better in the landscape mode shown. Meanwhile, both the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are located in the middle section of the short side a, not in a corner position; therefore, the directivity of both antennas is better. In summary, both antennas 10 and 20 have good directivity, but antenna 10 has poor hand grip performance in the landscape mode, while antenna 20 has better hand grip performance in the same orientation. The following simulation experiments verify this conclusion:

[0083] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 5 The first antenna 10 within the electronic device 100 shown is in a free space (FS) state and Figure 2 The graph shown compares the input return loss curve and the total efficiency curve under landscape orientation. Specifically, S11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna 10 in FS state; s11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna 10 in landscape orientation. Figure 2 The input return loss curve is shown in landscape mode; T1 FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna 10 in the FS state; T1 hand Indicates that the first antenna 10 is in Figure 2 The figure shows the overall efficiency curve under landscape usage. Within the 2GHz–3GHz frequency band, reference... Figure 6 At the 2.45GHz frequency point, the first antenna 10 is in Figure 2 The overall efficiency under the horizontal screen usage posture shown is 14dB lower than that under the FS state, a significant drop that results in a "death grip". Therefore, the first antenna 10 in Figure 2 The hand grip performance is poor when using the screen in landscape mode, as shown.

[0084] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 for Figure 5 The second antenna 20 inside the electronic device 100 shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The graph shown compares the input return loss curve and overall efficiency curve under landscape operating conditions. Specifically, S22 represents the input return loss curve of the second antenna 20 in FS state; s22 represents the input return loss curve of the second antenna 20 in [other operating conditions]. Figure 2 The input return loss curve is shown in landscape mode; T2 FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of line 20 in the FS state; T2 hand This indicates that the second line 20 is at Figure 2 The figure shows the overall efficiency curve under landscape usage. Within the 2GHz–3GHz frequency band, reference... Figure 7 At the 2.45GHz frequency point, the second antenna 20 is located... Figure 2 The overall efficiency in landscape mode is reduced by about 1dB compared to the overall efficiency in FS mode, which is a relatively small decrease. Therefore, the second antenna 20... Figure 2 The hand grip performance is better when using the screen in landscape mode, as shown.

[0085] Please refer to Table 1 below. Table 1 is... Figure 5 The electronic device 100 shown is in Figure 2 The table shows the directivity coefficients and hand grip performance (i.e., total efficiency reduction) of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 in a landscape orientation. The total efficiency reduction is compared to the FS (Field-Side) state. As can be seen from the "Directivity Coefficient" column in Table 1, the directivity coefficients of both the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are within 4 dBi, indicating superior directivity. As can be seen from the "Total Efficiency Reduction" column in Table 1, the first antenna 10... Figure 2 The death grip was generated when the screen was used in landscape mode as shown.

[0086] Table 1

[0087] Directivity coefficient (unit: dBi) Total efficiency reduction (in dB) First antenna 4 14 Second antenna 3.8 1

[0088] It should be noted that Table 1 only provides an example of simulation experiment results. The experimental results data only illustrate the above conclusions and should not be considered as a special limitation on this application.

[0089] Example 1 illustrates that, while maintaining the consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device's appearance, placing the antenna in the middle section of the shorter side provides better directionality. However, when the antenna is placed in the middle section of the shorter side, it is easily gripped by the hand, potentially leading to a "death grip." This is understandable. Figure 5 Although the second line 20 in Figure 2 The screen is not being held by hand in the landscape orientation shown, but if the electronic device 100 still has... Figure 4 The landscape orientation shown indicates that Line 20 will be in the second day. Figure 4 The Death Grip will also appear when using the screen in landscape mode as shown.

[0090] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 for Figure 1The diagram shows a schematic of another antenna system on the electronic device 100. The antenna system includes two Wi-Fi antennas constituting a MIMO antenna system: a first antenna 10 and a second antenna 20. Both the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are conventional 1 / 2-octane wavelength loop antennas, operating in the 2GHz to 3GHz frequency band. The feed point of the first antenna 10 is f1, and the ground point is g1; the feed point of the second antenna 20 is f2, and the ground point is g2. Both the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are located at point A on the short side a of the electronic device 100. Figure 2 In the landscape orientation shown, the screen won't be held by the hand, therefore the two antennas... Figure 2 The hand grip performance is excellent in the landscape usage posture shown. The first antenna 10 is located at the corner of the short side a, therefore its directivity is poor. The second antenna 20 is located in the middle section of the short side a, not at a corner, therefore its directivity is better. In summary, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 have excellent hand grip performance in the landscape usage posture, with the first antenna 10 having poor directivity and the second antenna 20 having better directivity. The following simulation experiments verify this conclusion:

[0091] Please see Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 for Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the first antenna 10 inside the electronic device 100 at a frequency of 2.5 GHz is shown. Figure 10 for Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the second antenna 20 within the electronic device 100 shown at a frequency of 2.5 GHz. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The directivity coefficients derived from the radiation patterns shown are recorded in the "Directivity Coefficients" column of Table 2. This column shows that the directivity coefficient of the first antenna 10 is as high as 5.7 dBi, indicating relatively poor directivity; the directivity coefficient of the second antenna 20 is less than 4.5 dBi, indicating superior directivity. Table 2 also records... Figure 8 The electronic device 100 shown is in Figure 2 The hand-grip performance (i.e., total efficiency reduction) of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 in the landscape orientation is shown in Table 2 and recorded in the "Total Efficiency Reduction" column. As can be seen from this column in Table 2, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 exhibit... Figure 2 The hand grip reduction in the landscape mode shown is within 1dB, which is relatively small, indicating that the hand grip performance is better in the landscape mode.

[0092] Table 2

[0093] Directivity coefficient (unit: dBi) Total efficiency reduction (in dB) First antenna 5.7 0 Second antenna 3.5 1

[0094] It should be noted that Table 2 only provides an example of simulation experiment results. The experimental results data only illustrate the above conclusions and should not be considered as a special limitation on this application.

[0095] Example 2 illustrates that, while maintaining the uniformity and aesthetics of the electronic device's appearance, placing the antenna at the corner of the shorter side results in poor directivity. This is understandable. Figure 8 Although the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 in Figure 2 The screen is not being held by hand in the landscape orientation shown, but if the electronic device 100 still has... Figure 4 The landscape orientation shown indicates that the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are in... Figure 4 The Death Grip will also appear when using the screen in landscape mode as shown.

[0096] Based on the above description, in order to ensure the consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device's appearance while also considering its directionality and grip performance in two landscape usage postures, this application provides an antenna system. Please refer to... Figure 11 , Figure 11 for Figure 1 The diagram shows another antenna system on the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 has intersecting first side a and second side c. The antenna system includes a first antenna 10. (See also...) Figure 12 , Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram shows a partial enlarged view of region I in the electronic device 100. The radiator of the first antenna 10 includes a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. The first branch 11 is disposed on and extends along the first side a, and the second branch 12 is disposed on and extends along the second side c. One end of the first branch 11 is connected to one end of the second branch 12, and the connection point is located at the intersection of the first side a and the second side c.

[0097] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 11 The length of the first side 'a' is less than the length of the second side 'c'. In some other embodiments, the length of the first side 'a' may also be greater than or equal to the length of the second side 'c'. The accompanying drawings of the following embodiments are based on the premise that the length of the first side 'a' is less than the length of the second side 'c', and this should not be considered as a special limitation of this application.

[0098] Please see Figure 12The radiator of the first antenna 10 has a first feed point F1 and a first ground point G1. It should be noted that the first feed point F1 and the first ground point G1 are not actual physical points; the location where the RF circuit board is electrically connected to the radiator of the first antenna 10 is the first feed point F1; the location on the portion of the radiator of the first antenna 10 located between the first feed point F1 and the first terminal D1, where it is electrically connected to the reference ground, is the first ground point G1. The feed point and ground point should be understood in the same way in the following text, and will not be elaborated further.

[0099] The first feed point F1 is located at the connection between the first branch 11 and the second branch 12. The end of the first branch 11 furthest from the second branch 12 is the first end D1, and the first ground point G1 is located on the radiator of the first antenna between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1. The first antenna 10 can excite a 3 / 4 wavelength mode (hereinafter referred to as mode one) of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10, that is, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10 is 1 / 2 wavelength to 1 wavelength. Optionally, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10 is 3 / 4 wavelength.

[0100] It should be noted that the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10 refers to the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) L of the radiator from the first feed point F1 to the first end D1 to the time t1 for the electric or electromagnetic signal to travel from the first feed point F1 to the first end D1 in the radiator to the time t2 required for the signal to travel the same distance in free space as the physical length of the radiator from the first feed point F1 to the first end D1. In other words, the electrical length L' of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10 can satisfy the following formula: L'=L×t1 / t2. Alternatively, the electrical length L' of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10 can also refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) L of the radiator from the first feed point F1 to the first end D1 to the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the radiator. That is, the electrical length L' can satisfy the following formula: L'=L / λ. The electrical length should be understood accordingly in the following text, and will not be elaborated further.

[0101] Based on the above embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 12The end of the second branch 12 furthest from the first branch 11 is the second end D2. The radiator of the first antenna 10 also has a second grounding point G2. The second grounding point G2 is located on the radiator of the first antenna 10 between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2. The first antenna 10 can excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode (hereinafter referred to as mode two) of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 in the first antenna 10, that is, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 in the first antenna 10 is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 / 2 wavelength. Optionally, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 in the first antenna 10 is 1 / 4 wavelength.

[0102] The first antenna 10 in the antenna system provided in the above embodiment can ensure the consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device's appearance while also taking into account its directionality and hand grip performance in two landscape usage postures. The following will analyze how the first antenna 10 with the above characteristics solves this technical problem by combining theoretical derivation and experimental verification.

[0103] Firstly, since the first feed point F1 is located at the connection between the first branch 11 and the second branch 12, the first antenna 10 can excite a 3 / 4 wavelength mode of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10. That is, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10 is 1 / 2 wavelength to 1 wavelength. At the same time, since the first antenna 10 can excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 in the first antenna 10, that is, the electrical length of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 in the first antenna 10 is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 / 2 wavelength. Therefore, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10 is greater than the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 in the first antenna 10. Assuming that the materials and environments of all parts of the radiator are consistent or nearly consistent, the physical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 in the first antenna 10 is also greater than the physical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 in the first antenna 10. It can be approximated that the length of the first branch 11 is greater than the length of the second branch 11. In this way, most of the main body of the first antenna 10 is located on the first side a of the electronic device 100. If a frame seam is used to construct the first antenna, the seam is located at the end of the first side a and the second side c near the first side a. Therefore, the appearance consistency and aesthetics of the second side c of the electronic device 100 can be guaranteed to a certain extent.

[0104] Based on this, since the length of the second side c is greater than the length of the first side a, the first side a becomes the short side of the electronic device, and the second side c becomes the long side. Most of the main body of the first antenna 10 is located on the short side of the electronic device 100. If a frame seam is used to construct the first antenna 10, the seam is located at the end of both the short and long sides near the short side. This makes the short side of the electronic device less noticeable to the user, thus ensuring a certain degree of consistency and aesthetics in the appearance of the electronic device. In some embodiments, the vertical distance from the second end D2 to the first side a is approximately 12mm.

[0105] Secondly, since the first antenna 10 can excite the 3 / 4 wavelength mode (i.e., mode one) of the radiators located between the first feed point F1 and the first terminal D1 in the first antenna 10, please refer to... Figure 13 , Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the current distribution of the first antenna 10 on the electronic device 100 at a frequency of 2.423 GHz. The 2.423 GHz frequency is located within the frequency band corresponding to Mode 1. Figure 13 It can be seen that the current of the first antenna 10 in mode 1 is mainly distributed on the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first terminal D1 in the first antenna 10. The large electric field point in mode 1 is located on the side of the first feed point F1 closer to the first terminal D1, and is not located at the connection between the first branch 11 and the second branch 12, that is, not at the corner position of the electronic device 100, so it will not affect the directivity.

[0106] To verify the above conclusions, please refer to Figure 14 and Table 3 below, Figure 14 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna 10 on the electronic device 100 shown is at a frequency of 2.5 GHz. The 2.5 GHz frequency also falls within the frequency band corresponding to Mode 1. Table 3 records the directivity coefficients of the first antenna 10 at frequencies of 2.28 GHz, 2.32 GHz, 2.36 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 2.44 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 2.54 GHz, 2.58 GHz, and 2.62 GHz within this frequency band corresponding to Mode 1. Figure 14 As can be seen from Table 3, the directivity coefficient of the first antenna 10 in the frequency band corresponding to Mode 1 is less than 4.5 dBi, thus exhibiting superior directivity.

[0107] Table 3

[0108]

[0109] It should be noted that Table 3 only provides an example of simulation experiment results. The experimental results data are only used to illustrate that the first antenna 10 has better directivity in the frequency band corresponding to mode one. The experimental results data do not constitute a special limitation on this application.

[0110] However, because the connection between the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 is located Figure 2 In section B of the first antenna 10, the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first end D1 is situated in the middle section of the first side a. Therefore, in Figure 2 and Figure 4 In the landscape orientation shown, the hand grip is compromised, resulting in poor hand grip performance.

[0111] To verify the above conclusions, please refer to Figure 15 , Figure 15 for Figure 12 The first antenna 10 in the electronic device 100 shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The graph showing a comparison of input return loss and overall efficiency curves under horizontal usage conditions demonstrates that only mode one resonant wave is present in the 2GHz–3GHz frequency band. Specifically, S11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna 10 in FS state; s11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna 10 in... Figure 2 The input return loss curve is shown in landscape mode; T3 FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna 10 in the FS state; T3 hand Indicates that the first antenna 10 is in Figure 2 The figure shows the overall efficiency curve under landscape usage. Within the 2GHz–3GHz frequency band, reference... Figure 15 At the 2.42GHz frequency point, the first antenna 10 is in Figure 2 The overall efficiency under the horizontal screen usage posture shown is approximately 12.3 dB lower than that under the FS state, which is a significant decrease. Therefore, the first antenna 10 in... Figure 2 The hand grip performance is poor when using the screen in landscape mode, as shown.

[0112] Thirdly, the first antenna 10 can excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode (i.e., mode two) in a portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second terminal D2. Please refer to... Figure 16 , Figure 16 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the current distribution of the first antenna 10 on the electronic device 100 at a frequency of 2.66 GHz. The 2.66 GHz frequency is located within the frequency band corresponding to Mode 2. From... Figure 15It can be seen that the current of the first antenna 10 in mode two is mainly distributed on the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 in the first antenna 10. Based on this, since the radiator in the first antenna 10 located between the first feed point F1 and the second end D2 is located at the corner and the second side c, and in... Figure 2 and Figure 4 In both landscape orientations shown, the user's hand cannot grip the corner and the second side (c). Therefore, mode two is not suitable for this orientation. Figure 2 and Figure 4 Both of the shown landscape orientations offer excellent hand grip performance.

[0113] To verify this conclusion, please refer to Figure 17 , Figure 17 for Figure 12 The first antenna 10 in the electronic device 100 shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The graph showing a comparison of input return loss and overall efficiency curves under horizontal usage conditions indicates that only mode two resonant waves are present in the 2GHz–3GHz frequency band. Specifically, S11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna 10 in FS state; s11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna 10 in... Figure 2 The input return loss curve is shown in landscape mode; T4 FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna 10 in the FS state; T4 hand Indicates that the first antenna 10 is in Figure 2 The figure shows the overall efficiency curve under landscape usage. Within the 2GHz–3GHz frequency band, reference... Figure 17 The first antenna 10 is located at the 2.5GHz frequency point. Figure 2 The overall efficiency under the horizontal screen usage posture shown is reduced by about 1.5dB compared to the overall efficiency under the FS state, which is a relatively small decrease. Therefore, the first antenna 10 in Figure 2 The hand grip performance is superior in the landscape orientation shown. It should be noted that this embodiment only simulates the first antenna 10 in... Figure 2 The hand grip performance in landscape mode shown is that the first antenna 10 is... Figure 4 The hand grip performance in the landscape mode shown can be referenced from the simulation results, and the hand grip performance is also relatively good.

[0114] However, according to Figure 16 The current distribution diagram shown is for Mode 2. The electric field in Mode 2 is concentrated at the edge and corner of the electronic device. Therefore, the directivity of the first antenna 10 is poor in Mode 2.

[0115] To verify the above conclusions, please refer to Figure 18 and Table 4 below, Figure 18 for Figure 12The radiation pattern of the first antenna 10 on the electronic device 100 shown is at a frequency of 2.5 GHz. At this time, the 2.5 GHz frequency is located within the frequency band corresponding to Mode 2. Table 4 records the directivity coefficients of the first antenna 10 at frequencies of 2.28 GHz, 2.32 GHz, 2.36 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 2.44 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 2.54 GHz, 2.58 GHz, and 2.62 GHz within the frequency band corresponding to Mode 1. Figure 14 As can be seen from Table 4, the directivity coefficient of the first antenna 10 in the frequency band corresponding to Mode 2 is greater than 4.5 dBi, therefore its directivity is poor.

[0116] Table 4

[0117]

[0118] It should be noted that Table 4 only provides an example of simulation experiment results. The experimental results data are only used to illustrate that the directivity of the first antenna 10 is poor in the frequency band corresponding to mode 2. The experimental results data do not constitute a special limitation on this application.

[0119] The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of the first, second, and third aspects above:

[0120] To ensure the consistency and aesthetics of the electronic device's appearance, the first antenna 10 employs dual-mode coverage: Mode 1 and Mode 2. In Mode 1, the first antenna 10 exhibits superior directivity but poor grip performance in landscape mode. In Mode 2, the first antenna 10 offers superior grip performance in both landscape modes, but its directivity remains poor. Furthermore, the resonant center frequency of Mode 1 lies within the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10, thus guaranteeing its directivity within that band. Simultaneously, the resonant center frequency of Mode 2 lies outside but close to the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10. Consequently, Mode 2 enhances the grip performance of the first antenna 10 within its operating frequency band, resulting in a combination of superior directivity and excellent grip performance in both landscape modes within its operating frequency band.

[0121] To verify the above conclusions, please refer to Figure 19 , Figure 19 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the input return loss curve and overall efficiency curve of the first antenna 10 in the FS state within the electronic device 100. Specifically, S11 represents the input return loss curve of the first antenna 10 in the FS state; T FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna 10 in the FS state. Figure 19It can be seen that the first antenna 10 has two resonances in the 2GHz to 3GHz frequency band, which correspond to Mode 1 and Mode 2 respectively. That is, the first antenna 10 adopts dual-mode coverage, therefore the bandwidth of the first antenna 10 in FS state is relatively wide. The frequency band 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz is selected as the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10. The resonant center frequency of Mode 1 is located within this operating frequency band. Figure 19 It can be seen that the overall efficiency within this operating frequency band is relatively high, and it can be put into practical use.

[0122] Please see Figure 20 , Figure 20 for Figure 12 The first antenna 10 in the electronic device 100 shown is in FS state and Figure 2 The image shows a comparison of the total efficiency curve and radiation efficiency curve under landscape orientation. Specifically, T... FS This represents the overall efficiency curve of the first antenna 10 in the FS state; T hand Indicates that the first antenna 10 is in Figure 2 The overall efficiency curve is shown under landscape usage posture; R FS This represents the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna 10 in the FS state; R hand Indicates that the first antenna 10 is in Figure 2 The image shows the radiation efficiency curve under landscape orientation. From... Figure 20 It can be seen that the overall efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna 10 in the operating frequency band (2.4GHz~2.5GHz) decrease by less than 2dB~2.5dB, which is relatively small, so the hand-held performance is better.

[0123] Please see Figure 21 , Figure 22 , Figure 23 And Table 5 below, Figure 21 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna 10 on the electronic device 100 at the 2.4 GHz frequency point is shown. Figure 22 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna 10 on the electronic device 100 at the 2.5 GHz frequency point is shown. Figure 23 for Figure 12 The radiation pattern of the first antenna 10 on the electronic device 100 shown is at a frequency of 2.58 GHz. Table 5 records the directivity coefficients of the first antenna 10 at frequencies of 2.28 GHz, 2.32 GHz, 2.36 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 2.44 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 2.54 GHz, 2.58 GHz, and 2.62 GHz. Figure 21 , Figure 22 , Figure 23As can be seen from Table 5, the directivity coefficient of the first antenna 10 in the operating frequency band (2.4GHz~2.5GHz) is about 4dBi, so its directivity is relatively good.

[0124] Table 5

[0125]

[0126] It should be noted that Table 5 only provides an example of simulation experiment results. The experimental results data are only used to illustrate that the first antenna 10 has better directivity in the operating frequency band. The experimental results data do not constitute a special limitation on this application.

[0127] To ensure optimal hand-held performance of the first antenna 10 in Mode 1, in some embodiments, it is assumed that the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10 (see...) Figure 19 f in 01 The first center frequency is ( ), which can be the same as or different from the resonant center frequency of Mode 1. The resonant center frequency of Mode 2 (see...) Figure 19 f in 02 The second center frequency is denoted as f. The difference between the second center frequency and the first center frequency is less than or equal to 300MHz, which is f. 02 -f 01 ≤300MHz. In this way, under the influence of Mode 2, the handheld performance of the first antenna 10 within the operating frequency band can be in a relatively optimal state. Further optionally, the difference between the second center frequency and the first center frequency is less than or equal to 200MHz, that is, f 02 -f 01 ≤200MHz. In this way, under the influence of Mode 2, the first antenna 100 achieves better handheld performance within the operating frequency band. Further optionally, the difference between the second center frequency and the first center frequency is greater than or equal to 50MHz and less than or equal to 100MHz, that is, 50MHz ≤ f 02 -f 01 ≤100MHz. In this way, under the influence of mode two, the handheld performance of the first antenna 100 in the operating frequency band is better, while avoiding the influence of mode two on the directivity of the first antenna 100 in the operating frequency band.

[0128] In the above structural description of the first antenna 10, the connection between the first stub 11 and the second stub 12 includes the intersection of the first stub 11 and the second stub 12, the end of the first stub 11 near the second stub 12, and the end of the second stub 12 near the first stub 11. The end of the first stub 11 near the second stub 12 can extend along an arc or along a straight line. The end of the second stub 12 near the first stub 11 can extend along an arc or along a straight line. Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, the end of the first branch 11 near the second branch 12 and the end of the second branch 12 near the first branch 11 both extend along an arc. The two arc-extending portions connect to form a transition arc, and the intersection of the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 is the midpoint O along the length of this transition arc. The end of the first branch 11 near the second branch 12 can be a section of the first branch 11 within 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 15mm, 18mm, or 20mm of the intersection point, and the end of the second branch 12 near the first branch 11 can be a section of the second branch 12 within 2mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, or 8mm of the intersection point; no specific limitation is made here. In some embodiments, the end of the first branch 11 near the second branch 12 is a section of the first branch 11 within 15 mm of the intersection point, and the end of the second branch 12 near the first branch 11 is a section of the second branch 12 within 5 mm of the intersection point. That is, the connection between the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 includes the intersection point of the first branch 11 and the second branch 12, a section of the first branch 11 within 15 mm of the intersection point, and a section of the second branch 12 within 5 mm of the intersection point. This allows the first antenna 10 to have better directivity within the operating frequency band, and also provides better grip within the operating frequency band.

[0129] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 24a , Figure 24aThis is a partial enlarged view of the antenna system within an electronic device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The first grounding point G1 is electrically connected to a reference ground via a first tuning device. That is, a first tuning device is connected in series along the electrical connection path between the first grounding point G1 and the reference ground. This first tuning device can be an inductor, a capacitor, or a circuit formed by connecting one or more inductors and capacitors in parallel, series, or series-parallel. In this way, when the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first terminal D1 in the first antenna 10 is not optimal, the first tuning device can be used to tune the resonant center frequency (i.e., the resonant center frequency of mode one) of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first terminal D1 in the first antenna 10, so that the resonant center frequency of mode one is within the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10. Therefore, the cost and complexity of the first tuning device can be reduced.

[0130] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, please refer to... Figure 25a , Figure 25a This is a partial enlarged view of the antenna system within an electronic device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The second grounding point G2 is electrically connected to the reference ground through a second tuning device. That is, a second tuning device is connected in series on the electrical connection path between the second grounding point G2 and the reference ground. The second tuning device can also be an inductor, a capacitor, or a circuit obtained by connecting one or two inductors or capacitors in parallel, series, or series-parallel. In this way, when the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second terminal D2 in the first antenna 10 is not optimal, the second tuning device can be used to tune the resonant center frequency (that is, the resonant center frequency of mode two) of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the second terminal D2 in the first antenna 10. This allows the resonant center frequency of mode two to be adjusted to a position where the difference between the resonant center frequency of mode two and the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10 is less than or equal to 300MHz, less than or equal to 200MHz, or greater than or equal to 50MHz and less than or equal to 100MHz. This allows the first antenna 10 to simultaneously maintain directionality and hand grip performance in both landscape orientations within the operating frequency band.

[0131] Please see Figure 24b , Figure 24b for Figure 24a The diagram shows the input return loss curves of the first antenna 10 within the electronic device 100, tuned by a first tuning device at different electrical lengths. Figure 24b As can be seen, the frequency offset of Mode 1 can be controlled by the first tuning device, but the center frequency of Mode 2 remains unaffected. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 25b , Figure 25b for Figure 25aThe diagram shows the input return loss curves of the first antenna 10 within the electronic device 100, tuned by a second tuning device at different electrical lengths. Figure 25b It can be seen that the frequency offset of mode two can be controlled by the second tuning device, but the center frequency of mode one is not affected. Therefore, in order to obtain Figure 15 The diagram shows the input return loss curve for Mode 1 resonant wave within the 2GHz–3GHz frequency band. The resonant frequency band for Mode 2 can be adjusted to outside the 2GHz–3GHz band using a second tuning device. Similarly, to obtain… Figure 17 The input return loss curve of the resonant wave of mode two is shown in the 2GHz to 3GHz frequency band. The resonant frequency band of mode one can be adjusted to outside the 2GHz to 3GHz frequency band by the first tuning device.

[0132] The first ground point G1 is located on the radiator of the first antenna between the first feed point F1 and the first terminal D1. Specifically, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first ground point G1 in the first antenna 10 can be 1 / 8 wavelength, 1 / 4 wavelength, 1 / 2 wavelength, etc. In some embodiments, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first ground point G1 in the first antenna 10 is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength. Specifically, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point F1 and the first ground point G1 in the first antenna 10 can be 1 / 4 wavelength, 1 / 2 wavelength, 3 / 5 wavelength, etc., without specific limitation here. In this way, when the first ground point G1 is electrically connected to the reference ground via the first tuning device, the first tuning device can be tuned by a small amplitude to adjust the resonant center frequency of mode one to within the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10, thus reducing the cost and complexity of the first tuning device.

[0133] Similarly, the second grounding point G2 is located on the radiator of the first antenna between the first feed point F1 and the second terminal D2. Specifically, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator in the first antenna 10 located between the first feed point F1 and the second grounding point G2 can be 1 / 16 of the wavelength, 1 / 8 of the wavelength, 1 / 7 of the wavelength, 1 / 5 of the wavelength, etc. In some embodiments, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator in the first antenna 10 located between the first feed point F1 and the second grounding point G2 is greater than or equal to 1 / 8 of the wavelength. Specifically, the electrical length of the portion of the radiator in the first antenna 10 located between the first feed point F1 and the second grounding point G2 can be 1 / 8 of the wavelength, 1 / 7 of the wavelength, 1 / 6 of the wavelength, etc., and is not specifically limited here. In this way, when the second grounding point G2 is electrically connected to the reference ground via the second tuning device, the second tuning device can be tuned by a small amount to adjust the resonant center frequency of mode two to a position where the difference between the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna is less than or equal to 300MHz, or less than or equal to 200MHz, or greater than or equal to 50MHz and less than or equal to 100MHz. Therefore, the cost and complexity of the second tuning device can be reduced.

[0134] The above embodiments of this application describe in detail the structure of the first antenna 10 in the antenna system of the electronic device 100. It should be noted that the antenna system provided in the embodiments of this application may include only the first antenna 10, or it may include a second antenna 20 in addition to the first antenna 10. The second antenna 20 operates in the same frequency band as the first antenna 10, and the second antenna 20 and the first antenna 10 form a MIMO antenna system, which can improve the capacity and spectrum utilization of the communication system.

[0135] For an example, please refer to Figure 26 , Figure 26 for Figure 1 The diagram shows another antenna system on the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 also has a third side d opposite the second side c, which intersects with the first side a. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 26 The length of the third side d is equal to the length of the second side c, and the length of the third side d is also greater than the length of the first side a. In some other embodiments, the length of the third side d may be less than or equal to the length of the first side a. The accompanying drawings of the following embodiments are provided on the basis that the length of the third side d is equal to the length of the second side c, and the length of the third side d is greater than the length of the first side a. This should not be considered as a special limitation of this application.

[0136] Antenna systems include Figure 11 In addition to the first antenna 10, it also includes the second antenna 20.

[0137] Please see Figure 27 , Figure 27 for Figure 26 A partially enlarged view of region II in the electronic device 100 shown. The radiator of the second antenna 20 includes a third branch 21. The third branch 21 is disposed on and extends along the first side a.

[0138] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 26 The end of the third branch 21 furthest from the third side d is symmetrically positioned with respect to the first end D1 of the first antenna 10 about the midpoint of the first side a. In this way, when constructing the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 by creating slits in the frame, the slit forming the end of the third branch 21 furthest from the third side d and the slit forming the first end D1 of the first antenna 10 can be symmetrically positioned about the midpoint of the first side a. This reduces the difficulty of creating slits and improves the aesthetics of the electronic device 100.

[0139] The radiator of the second antenna has a second feed point F2 and a third ground point G3, which are disposed on the third stub 21 and spaced apart along the third stub 21. The second antenna 20 forms a ring-mode antenna. Specifically, the electrical length of the portion of the third stub 21 located between the second feed point F2 and the third ground point G3 is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 wavelength. In some embodiments, the electrical length of the portion of the third stub 21 located between the second feed point F2 and the third ground point G3 is 1 / 2 wavelength.

[0140] In some embodiments, the third ground point G3 is electrically connected to the reference ground via a third tuning device (not shown in the figure). That is, a third tuning device is connected in series on the electrical connection path between the third ground point G3 and the reference ground. This third tuning device can also be an inductor, a capacitor, or a circuit obtained by connecting one or more inductors or capacitors in parallel, series, or series-parallel. In this way, when the electrical length of the portion of the radiator of the second antenna 20 located between the second feed point F2 and the third ground point G3 is not optimal, the resonant center frequency of the portion of the radiator of the second antenna 20 located between the second feed point F2 and the third ground point G3 can be tuned by using the third tuning device, so that the resonant center frequency of this portion of the radiator is within the operating frequency band of the second antenna 10.

[0141] The electric field of the ring-mode antenna is concentrated on the portion of the radiator between the second feed point F2 and the third ground point G3. Assuming the portion of the radiator on the third branch 21 located between the second feed point F2 and the third ground point G3 is the first portion of the radiator, the distance from the end of the first portion of the radiator furthest from the third side d to the third side d is less than or equal to 70 mm; furthermore, this distance can also be less than or equal to 60 mm or 50 mm. Thus, when the electronic device 100 is in... Figure 2 In the landscape orientation shown, the ring-mode antenna is located within section A. Section A is not held by the hand in this orientation, therefore the ring-mode antenna... Figure 2 The hand grip performance is better in the landscape mode shown. However, when the electronic device is in a certain position... Figure 4 In the landscape orientation shown, the ring mode antenna is easily held by hand, so the second antenna 20 can only meet the hand grip performance requirements in one landscape orientation.

[0142] Based on the above embodiment, the distance from the end of the first radiator closest to the third side d to the third side d is greater than or equal to 0 mm. This places the ring-mode antenna in the middle section of the first side a, not in a corner position, thus providing better directivity. Optionally, the distance from the midpoint of the first radiator along its length to the third side d is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength and less than or equal to 3 / 4 wavelength. This allows the ring-mode antenna to simultaneously maintain both directivity and... Figure 2 Under the premise of hand grip performance in the shown landscape usage posture, the distance between the antenna and the corner position is moderate, which can ensure the directionality of the ring mode antenna.

[0143] In the above embodiments, optionally, the second feed point F2 can be located at the end of the first radiator furthest from the third side d, and the third ground point G3 can be located at the end of the first radiator closest to the third side d. This allows the ring-mode antenna to have superior directional performance. Of course, in other embodiments, the second feed point F2 can also be located at the end of the first radiator closest to the third side d, and the third ground point G3 can be located at the end of the first radiator furthest from the second and third sides d.

[0144] The radiator of the second antenna 20 may include only the third stub 21, or it may include other stubs in addition to the third stub 21. In some embodiments, please refer to [the documentation / reference needed]. Figure 27The radiator of the second antenna 20 also includes a fourth branch 22. The fourth branch 22 is positioned on and extends along the third side d. One end of the fourth branch 22 is connected to one end of the third branch 21, and the connection point is located at the intersection of the first side a and the third side d. The end of the fourth branch 22 furthest from the third branch 21 is symmetrically positioned with respect to the second end D2 of the first antenna 10 about the central axis L1 of the first side a. Here, the central axis L1 of the first side a refers to the axis passing through the midpoint of the first side a, perpendicular to the first side a, and parallel to the electronic device 100. In this way, when constructing the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 by creating slots in the frame, the slot forming the end of the fourth branch 22 furthest from the third branch 21 and the slot forming the second end D2 of the first antenna 10 can be symmetrically positioned about the central axis L1 of the first side a. This reduces the difficulty of slot placement and improves the aesthetics of the electronic device 100.

[0145] exist Figure 26 and Figure 27 In the electronic device 100 shown, a second antenna 20 is set at part A to form a MIMO antenna system with the first antenna 10 at part B. The second antenna 20 is a ring mode antenna. The ring mode antenna has a simple structure and is easy to implement, which can reduce the design cost and manufacturing difficulty of the antenna system.

[0146] For another example, please refer to Figure 28 , Figure 28 for Figure 1 The diagram shows another antenna system on the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 also has a third side d opposite the second side c, which intersects with the first side a. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 28 The length of the third side d is equal to the length of the second side c, and the length of the third side d is also greater than the length of the first side a. In some other embodiments, the length of the third side d may be less than or equal to the length of the first side a. The accompanying drawings of the following embodiments are provided on the basis that the length of the third side d is equal to the length of the second side c, and the length of the third side d is greater than the length of the first side a. This should not be considered as a special limitation of this application.

[0147] Antenna systems include Figure 11 In addition to the first antenna 10, the system also includes a second antenna 20. The structure of the second antenna 20 is the same as that of the first antenna 10, and it is symmetrically or approximately symmetrically arranged about the central axis L1 of the first side a.

[0148] For details, please refer to Figure 29 , Figure 29 for Figure 28The enlarged view shows a portion of region II in the electronic device 100. The radiator of the second antenna 20 includes a third branch 21 and a fourth branch 22. The third branch 21 is disposed on and extends along the first side a, and the fourth branch 22 is disposed on and extends along the third side d. One end of the third branch 21 is connected to one end of the fourth branch 22, and the connection is located at the intersection of the first side a and the third side d.

[0149] The radiator of the second antenna 20 has a second feed point F2 and a third ground point G3. The second feed point F2 is located at the connection between the third branch 21 and the fourth branch 22. The end of the third branch 21 furthest from the fourth branch 22 is the third end D3, and the third ground point G3 is located on the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point F2 and the third end D3. The second antenna 20 can excite a 3 / 4 wavelength mode of the portion of the radiator of the second antenna 20 located between the second feed point F2 and the third end D3, that is, the electrical length of the radiator of the second antenna 20 located between the second feed point F2 and the third end D3 is 1 / 2 wavelength to 1 wavelength. In some embodiments, the electrical length of the radiator of the second antenna 20 located between the second feed point F2 and the third end D3 is 3 / 4 wavelength.

[0150] The end of the fourth branch 22 furthest from the third branch 21 is designated as the fourth end D4. The radiator of the second antenna 20 also has a fourth ground point G4, located on the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point F2 and the fourth end D4. The second antenna 20 can excite a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the portion of the radiator of the second antenna 20 located between the second feed point F2 and the fourth end D4, that is, the electrical length of the radiator of the second antenna 20 located between the second feed point F2 and the fourth end D4 is 1 / 8 to 1 / 2 wavelength. In some embodiments, the electrical length of the radiator of the second antenna 20 located between the second feed point F2 and the fourth end D4 is 1 / 4 wavelength.

[0151] Similar to the first antenna 10, the second antenna 20 can also ensure both directionality and hand grip performance in both landscape orientations while maintaining the overall appearance of the electronic device. Therefore, the MIMO antenna system composed of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can ensure both directionality and hand grip performance in both landscape orientations while maintaining the overall appearance of the electronic device.

[0152] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 28The third end D3 of the second antenna 20 and the first end D1 of the first antenna 10 are symmetrically positioned about the midpoint of the first side a. In this way, when constructing the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 by creating slits in the frame, the slits forming the third end D3 of the second antenna 20 and the slits forming the first end D1 of the first antenna 10 can be symmetrically positioned about the midpoint of the first side a. This reduces the difficulty of slit placement and improves the aesthetics of the electronic device.

[0153] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 28 The fourth end D4 of the second antenna 20 and the second end D2 of the first antenna 10 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis L1 of the first side a. In this way, when constructing the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 by opening slots in the frame, the slot forming the fourth end D4 of the second antenna 20 and the slot forming the second end D2 of the first antenna 10 can be symmetrically arranged about the central axis L1 of the first side a. This reduces the difficulty of slot arrangement and improves the aesthetics of the electronic device.

[0154] In any of the above embodiments of the electronic device, the first side 'a' can be the top edge of the electronic device, that is, the side located at the top of the electronic device when the electronic device is in a portrait orientation. In this way, when the electronic device is in a portrait orientation, the user's hand will not grip the first antenna 10 or the second antenna 20, thereby ensuring the hand-grip performance of the antenna system in a portrait orientation. Of course, when the electronic device is not in a portrait orientation, the first side 'a' can also be the bottom edge of the electronic device.

[0155] In the antenna system described in any of the above embodiments, the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can be 2.4GHz-2.5GHz, and the center frequency of this frequency band is 2.45GHz.

[0156] In the antenna system described in any of the above embodiments, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can be Wi-Fi antennas, with the Wi-Fi antennas operating in the 2GHz to 3GHz frequency band. Wi-Fi antennas are commonly used antennas in current electronic devices and have a wide range of applications. In some other embodiments, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can also be LTE antennas, NR antennas, etc.

[0157] The structure of the antenna system on electronic devices has been introduced above. To facilitate practical applications, the specific application scenarios of this antenna system are described in detail below.

[0158] Specifically, the antenna system provided in this application embodiment can be applied in a user's electronic device to support the device's wireless communication function. For example, the electronic device can be a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, a media player, or other portable mobile terminal. This application embodiment does not impose any special limitations on the specific form of the electronic device.

[0159] Please see Figure 30 and Figure 31 , Figure 30 This is a front view of an electronic device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 31 for Figure 30 The diagram shows the rear structure of the electronic device 100. This electronic device 100 is a tablet computer. The tablet computer includes a main body. The main body is rectangular and has the aforementioned opposing first side a and fourth side b, and opposing second side c and third side d. In some embodiments, the length of the second side c and the length of the third side d are both greater than the length of the first side a and the length of the fourth side b. In other embodiments, the length of the second side c and the length of the third side d may be less than or equal to the length of the first side a and the length of the fourth side b. In this embodiment, the first side a is the top edge of the tablet computer, and the fourth side b is the bottom edge of the tablet computer. It should be noted that the "top edge" and "bottom edge" here refer to the side located at the top and bottom of the tablet computer, respectively, when the tablet computer is in portrait mode.

[0160] The main body includes a screen 30, a back cover 40, and a circuit board 50.

[0161] Screen 30 is used to display images, videos, etc. Screen 30 includes a light-transmitting cover and a display panel. The light-transmitting cover and the display panel are stacked and fixedly connected by adhesives or other methods. The light-transmitting cover mainly serves to protect the display panel and prevent dust. The material of the light-transmitting cover includes, but is not limited to, glass. The display panel can be a flexible display or a rigid display. For example, the display panel can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display, a mini organic light-emitting diode (MLED) display, a micro organic light-emitting diode (MOLED) display, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) display, a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc.

[0162] The back cover 40 forms the outer shell of the main body. The back cover 40 protects the internal electronic components of the main body. The back cover 40 includes a back cover 41 and a frame 42. The back cover 41 is located on the side of the display screen away from the light-transmitting cover plate and is stacked with the light-transmitting cover plate and the display screen. The frame 42 is located between the back cover 41 and the light-transmitting cover plate, and the frame 42 is fixed to the back cover 41, while the light-transmitting cover plate is fixed to the frame 42. The light-transmitting cover plate, the back cover 41, and the frame 42 form an internal accommodating space of the main body. This internal accommodating space houses the display screen and the circuit board 50.

[0163] The border 42 includes opposing first side portions 42a and fourth side portions 42b, and opposing second side portions 42c and third side portions 42d. The first side portion 42a forms the first side a of the main body, the fourth side portion 42b forms the fourth side b of the main body, the second side portion 42c forms the second side c of the main body, and the third side portion 42d forms the third side d of the main body. The border 42 is formed by sequentially connecting the first side portion 42a, the second side portion 42c, the fourth side portion 42b, and the third side portion 42d end-to-end.

[0164] At least the frame 42 of the back shell 40 is made of metal. Based on this, slots can be provided on the frame 42 to construct the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 in the aforementioned antenna system. Specifically, a first slot A1 and a second slot B1 are provided on the first side 42a, a third slot C1 is provided on the section of the second side 42c near the first side 42a, and a fourth slot E1 is provided on the section of the third side 42d near the first side 42a. The portion of the frame 42 located between the first slot A1 and the third slot C1 forms the radiator of the first antenna 10 of the antenna system. The second slot B1 is located between the first slot A1 and the third side 42d, and the portion of the frame 42 located between the second slot B1 and the fourth slot E1 forms the radiator of the second antenna 20 of the antenna system. Thus, the frame 42 constitutes the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 in the antenna system; this structure is simple and has superior performance.

[0165] It should be noted that when only the frame 42 of the back shell 40 is made of metal, and the back cover 41 is made of non-metallic materials such as ceramic or glass, the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can be constructed using the aforementioned first slit A1, second slit B1, third slit C1, and fourth slit E1. In some other embodiments, to improve the appearance and texture of the main body, please refer to... Figure 31 Both the back cover 41 and the frame 42 are made of metal, and the back cover 41 and the frame 42 are integrally formed. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 31 The back cover 40 is also provided with a fifth slit F1. This fifth slit F1 is located at least between the portion of the frame 42 located between the first slit A1 and the third slit C1 (that is, the radiator of the first antenna 10) and the back cover 41, and between the portion of the frame 42 located between the second slit B1 and the fourth slit E1 (that is, the radiator of the second antenna 10) and the back cover 41. In this way, the radiator of the first antenna 10 can be separated from the back cover 41, and the radiator of the second antenna 10 can also be separated from the back cover 41, thus ensuring the signal transmission and reception performance of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.

[0166] In some embodiments, optional, please continue reading Figure 31 The fifth seam F1 is also located between the portion of the frame 42 between the first seam A1 and the second seam B1 and the back cover 41.

[0167] To ensure the aesthetics of the electronic device, in some embodiments, please continue to refer to... Figure 31The sections of the fourth side 42b, the second side 42c near the first side 42a, and the section of the third side 42d near the first side 42a are further provided with a sixth seam A2, a seventh seam B2, an eighth seam C2, and a ninth seam E2. A tenth seam F2 is also provided between the sections of the fourth side 42b, the second side 42c near the first side 42a, and the section of the third side 42d near the first side 42a and the back cover 41. The sixth seam A2, the seventh seam B2, the eighth seam C2, the ninth seam E2, and the tenth seam F2 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first seam A1, the second seam B1, the third seam C1, the fourth seam E1, and the fifth seam F1 about the central axis l2 of the second side c of the electronic device. The central axis l2 of the second side c of the electronic device is an axis passing through the midpoint of the second side c, perpendicular to the second side c, and parallel to the electronic device. This allows for the construction of more antenna radiators at the bottom of electronic devices, and also improves the aesthetics of a symmetrical arrangement.

[0168] In the above embodiments, the widths of the first seam A1, second seam B1, third seam C1, fourth seam E1, fifth seam F1, sixth seam A2, seventh seam B2, eighth seam C2, ninth seam E2, and tenth seam F2 can be 1mm to 2mm, specifically 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, and 2mm. No specific limitation is made here. This ensures the structural stability of the back shell 40.

[0169] The first seam A1, second seam B1, third seam C1, fourth seam E1, fifth seam F1, sixth seam A2, seventh seam B2, eighth seam C2, ninth seam E2, and tenth seam F2 are filled with non-metallic materials such as plastic, rubber, and silicone. The frame 42 and back cover 41 are integrally formed with these non-metallic materials within the seams through processes such as in-mold injection molding, ensuring that the back shell 40 is a single structural component. This structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0170] Circuit board 50 is disposed in the internal accommodating space of the main body. Figure 30 and Figure 31 The outline of the circuit board 50 is shown in dashed lines. The circuit board 50 can be a main control board, an interface board, or it can be independent of both the main control board and the interface board; no specific limitation is made here. The circuit board 50 integrates an RF module, which is used to feed RF signals to the first feed point of the first antenna 10 and the second feed point of the second antenna 20 of the antenna system via transmission lines such as microstrip lines and coaxial cables, or to receive RF signals from the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.

[0171] The back cover 41 forms a reference ground for the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20. The grounding points of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are electrically connected to this reference ground using structures such as pins, screws, wires, and springs. This structure is simple and easy to implement. In some other embodiments, the reference ground for the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 may also be the mid-frame of the tablet computer or a reference ground layer in the circuit board of the tablet computer; no specific limitation is made here.

[0172] Please see Figure 32 , Figure 32 for Figure 30 and Figure 31 The diagram shows the internal structure of the back cover 40 in the electronic device. The radiator of the first antenna 10 is formed by the portion of the frame located between the first gap A1 and the third gap C1. The first grounding point G1 and the second grounding point G2 of the first antenna 10 are electrically connected to the back cover 41 (reference ground) via structures such as pins, screws, springs, and wires. The first feed point F1 of the first antenna 10 is electrically connected to transmission lines such as coaxial lines and microstrip lines via structures such as pins, screws, and springs, and is further electrically connected to the circuit board 50 (not shown in the figure) via these transmission lines.

[0173] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0174] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna system applied to an electronic device, the electronic device having intersecting first and second sides, characterized in that, The antenna system includes a first antenna, and the radiator of the first antenna includes a first stub and a second stub; The first branch is used to be disposed on the first side and extend along the first side, the second branch is used to be disposed on the second side and extend along the second side, one end of the first branch is connected to one end of the second branch and the connection part is used to be disposed at the intersection of the first side and the second side; The radiator of the first antenna has a first feed point and a first ground point. The first feed point is located at the connection between the first branch and the second branch. The end of the first branch away from the second branch is the first end. The first ground point is located on the radiator of the first antenna between the first feed point and the first end. The electrical length of the radiator in the first antenna located between the first feed point and the first end is 1 / 2 wavelength to 1 wavelength. The end of the second branch furthest from the first branch is the second end. The radiator of the first antenna also has a second grounding point, which is located on the radiator of the first antenna between the first feed point and the second end. Both the first end and the second end of the radiator of the first antenna are open circuit ends. The electrical length of the radiator in the first antenna located between the first feed point and the second end is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 / 2 wavelength. The electrical length of the radiator in the first antenna located between the first feed point and the second end is less than the electrical length of the radiator in the first antenna located between the first feed point and the first end. The resonant center frequency of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first end in the first antenna is within the operating frequency band of the first antenna. The resonant center frequency of the radiator located between the first feed point and the second end in the first antenna is the second center frequency, which is outside the operating frequency band of the first antenna. The center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna is the first center frequency; the difference between the second center frequency and the first center frequency is less than or equal to 300MHz.

2. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical length of the portion of the radiator located between the first feed point and the first ground point in the first antenna is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 of the wavelength.

3. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first grounding point is electrically connected to the reference ground via a first tuning device.

4. The antenna system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first tuning device is an inductor, a capacitor, or a circuit obtained by connecting one or two inductors or capacitors in parallel, series, or series-parallel.

5. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The electrical length of the portion of the radiator of the first antenna located between the first feed point and the second ground point is greater than or equal to 1 / 8 of the wavelength.

6. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The second grounding point is electrically connected to the reference ground via a second tuning device.

7. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The difference between the second center frequency and the first center frequency is less than or equal to 200MHz.

8. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first antenna operates in the frequency band of 2.4GHz-2.5GHz, and the first center frequency is 2.45GHz.

9. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The connection between the first branch and the second branch includes the intersection of the first branch and the second branch, a section on the first branch within 15mm of the intersection, and a section on the second branch within 5mm of the intersection.

10. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The length of the first side is less than the length of the second side.

11. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a third side opposite to the second side, the third side intersecting the first side; the antenna system further includes a second antenna, the radiator of the second antenna including a third stub and a fourth stub; The third branch is disposed on the first side and extends along the first side, the fourth branch is disposed on the third side and extends along the third side, one end of the third branch is connected to one end of the fourth branch and the connection part is disposed at the intersection of the first side and the third side; The radiator of the second antenna has a second feed point and a third ground point. The second feed point is located at the connection between the third branch and the fourth branch. The end of the third branch away from the fourth branch is the third end. The third ground point is located on the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point and the third end. The electrical length of the radiator in the second antenna located between the second feed point and the third end is 1 / 2 wavelength to 1 wavelength. The end of the fourth stub furthest from the third stub is the fourth end. The radiator of the second antenna also has a fourth grounding point. The fourth grounding point is located on the radiator of the second antenna between the second feed point and the fourth end. The electrical length of the radiator in the second antenna located between the second feed point and the fourth end is 1 / 8 wavelength to 1 / 2 wavelength.

12. The antenna system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The third end of the second antenna is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first end of the first antenna about the midpoint of the first side.

13. The antenna system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The fourth end of the second antenna is symmetrically arranged with respect to the second end of the first antenna about the central axis of the first side; wherein, the central axis of the first side refers to the axis passing through the midpoint of the first side, perpendicular to the first side and parallel to the electronic device.

14. The antenna system according to claim 11, characterized in that, Both the first antenna and the second antenna are Wi-Fi antennas.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The body has an intersecting first and second side; The antenna system according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein a first branch of the first antenna is disposed on a first side of the body and extends along the first side, a second branch of the first antenna is disposed on a second side of the body and extends along the second side, and the connection portion between the first branch and the second branch is disposed at the intersection of the first side and the second side.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The body includes a border; the border includes an intersecting first side and a second side, the first side forming a first side of the body, and the second side forming a second side of the body. The first edge has a first slit, and the second edge has a third slit in the section near the first edge. The portion of the frame located between the first slit and the third slit forms the radiator of the first antenna.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that, Also includes: The back cover is integrally formed with the frame, and a fifth seam is provided between the portion of the frame located between the first seam and the third seam and the back cover.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 15-17, characterized in that, The first side is the top side of the electronic device.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 15-17, characterized in that, The electronic device is a tablet computer.

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