Vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method, device, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, device, electronic device and medium for positioning microseismic longitudinal and transverse waves in a vertical well. The method includes: calculating the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the first monitoring well, and determining two rays passing through the detector of the first monitoring well; calculating the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the second monitoring well, and determining two rays passing through the detector of the second monitoring well; determining the horizontal positioning range, and calculating the positioning result of the microseism in the horizontal coordinate system; establishing the microseismic depth grid range, calculating the position of the depth grid point, and obtaining the spatial positioning result of the longitudinal and transverse waves of the microseismic in the vertical well. The present invention adopts a simultaneous monitoring method of two monitoring wells, and in the horizontal positioning, they are mutually constrained to enhance the positioning stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microseismic signal processing in a well, and more specifically, to a method, device, electronic equipment and medium for positioning microseismic longitudinal and transverse waves in a vertical well. Background Art

[0002] Well microseismic monitoring is one of the microseismic observation methods. Its characteristic is that the three-component geophones in the well receive the full wavefield signal of microseismic. Compared with the ground microseismic monitoring, the data received in the well has a higher signal-to-noise ratio and a richer number and type of microseismic events. However, due to the limited number of microseismic geophones in the well (generally 12 to 32 three-component geophones in the well), the monitoring range is small. At the same time, there are certain requirements for the selection of monitoring wells and observation wells. For example, the optimal radial distance from the fracturing section of the monitoring well to the geophone of the observation well is 200 to 800 meters internationally, but the actual distance is often larger, which usually leads to unstable and low-precision microseismic positioning phenomena.

[0003] At present, the main methods for microseismic positioning in wells are: one is based on the forward modeling of the travel time of longitudinal and transverse waves. Representative algorithms include network search method, simulated annealing method, Geiger method, etc. The advantage is that it is easy to implement, and the disadvantage is that the travel time of longitudinal and transverse waves of microseismic events is difficult to pick up accurately, which affects the positioning results; the second is based on wave equation convolution. Representative algorithms include interference method, reverse time migration method, and passive source imaging method. The advantage is that it does not need to pick up the first arrival of the event. The disadvantage is that it has high requirements on the data signal-to-noise ratio and velocity model, requires a large number of detectors, and has high calculation cost; the third is the difference between anisotropic and isotropic travel time calculations. In anisotropic media, the error of isotropic travel time calculation is large, and the corresponding positioning error is also large.

[0004] In recent years, with the continuous increase in the world's demand for energy and the advancement of exploration technology, the exploration and development of oil and gas resources has continued to develop in depth. As the most effective measure to increase the production of such reservoirs, fracturing has also received more and more attention at home and abroad. Microseismic monitoring in wells is often a single well monitoring method. Due to the small number of geophones, the positioning angle is small, resulting in unstable horizontal positioning results of microseismic in wells.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method, device, electronic equipment and medium for quickly locating microseismic events based on simultaneous in-well monitoring of two vertical wells.

[0006] The information disclosed in the background technology section of the present invention is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention provides a method, device, electronic equipment and medium for positioning microseismic longitudinal and transverse waves of a vertical well.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for positioning microseismic longitudinal and transverse waves in a vertical well, comprising:

[0009] Calculate the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each geophone of the first monitoring well, and determine two rays passing through the geophone of the first monitoring well;

[0010] Calculate the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each geophone of the second monitoring well, and determine two rays passing through the geophone of the second monitoring well;

[0011] Determine the horizontal positioning range according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculate the coordinates of the midpoint of the horizontal positioning range, which is the positioning result of the microseism in the horizontal coordinate system;

[0012] A microseismic depth grid range is established, and the depth grid point position is calculated according to the midpoint coordinates to determine the microseismic depth direction positioning result, thereby obtaining the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave spatial positioning result.

[0013] Preferably, determining a horizontal positioning range according to the geophone ray passing through the first monitoring well and the geophone ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculating the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range includes:

[0014] According to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, a quadrilateral is established on the horizontal coordinate system, which is the horizontal positioning range;

[0015] The coordinates of the four vertices and the midpoints of the four sides of the horizontal positioning range are determined, and then the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated.

[0016] Preferably, the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated by formula (1):

[0017]

[0018] The coordinates of the four vertices are (x A ,y A )、(x B ,y B )、(x C ,y C )、(x D ,y D ), the coordinates of the midpoints of the four sides are

[0019] Preferably, calculating the depth grid point positions and determining the microseismic depth direction positioning results includes:

[0020] Calculate the arrival travel time of the microseismic P-wave signal from each grid point to the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well geophone, compare it with the actual microseismic P-wave travel time, and calculate the P-wave travel time target error;

[0021] The depth grid point position corresponding to the minimum target error is the microseismic depth positioning result.

[0022] Preferably, the longitudinal wave travel time target error is calculated by formula (2):

[0023] ΔT j =|(T 1,j -T1 0 )+(T 2,j -T2 0 )| (2)

[0024] Among them, T 1,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the first monitoring well geophone is T 2,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well geophone is T1. 0 、T2 0 The microseismic longitudinal wave travel times of two vertical wells actually picked up.

[0025] Preferably, the depth grid point position is calculated by formula (3):

[0026] z j =z0+(j-1)*Δz (3)

[0027] Among them, z j is the depth value corresponding to the grid point j, Δz is the unit grid size, z1 and z2 are the upper and lower limits of the search range of the known fracturing stage perforation depth z0, respectively, j ∈(z0-z1,z0+z2).

[0028] As a specific implementation method of the embodiment of the present disclosure,

[0029] In a second aspect, the present disclosure also provides a vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning device, comprising:

[0030] A module for determining the detector rays passing through the first monitoring well calculates the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the first monitoring well, and determines two detector rays passing through the first monitoring well;

[0031] The module for determining the detector rays passing through the second monitoring well calculates the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the second monitoring well, and determines two detector rays passing through the second monitoring well;

[0032] A horizontal positioning result calculation module determines a horizontal positioning range according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculates the coordinates of the midpoint of the horizontal positioning range, which is the positioning result of the microseism in the horizontal coordinate system;

[0033] The spatial positioning result calculation module establishes the microseismic depth grid range, calculates the depth grid point position according to the midpoint coordinates, determines the microseismic depth direction positioning result, and then obtains the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave spatial positioning result.

[0034] Preferably, determining a horizontal positioning range according to the geophone ray passing through the first monitoring well and the geophone ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculating the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range includes:

[0035] According to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, a quadrilateral is established on the horizontal coordinate system, which is the horizontal positioning range;

[0036] The coordinates of the four vertices and the midpoints of the four sides of the horizontal positioning range are determined, and then the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated.

[0037] Preferably, the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated by formula (1):

[0038]

[0039] The coordinates of the four vertices are (x A ,y A )、(x B ,y B )、(x C ,y C )、(x D ,y D ), the coordinates of the midpoints of the four sides are

[0040] Preferably, calculating the depth grid point positions and determining the microseismic depth direction positioning results includes:

[0041] Calculate the arrival travel time of the microseismic P-wave signal from each grid point to the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well geophone, compare it with the actual microseismic P-wave travel time, and calculate the P-wave travel time target error;

[0042] The depth grid point position corresponding to the minimum target error is the microseismic depth positioning result.

[0043] Preferably, the longitudinal wave travel time target error is calculated by formula (2):

[0044] ΔT j =|(T 1,j -T1 0 )+(T 2,j -T2 0 )| (2)

[0045] Among them, T 1,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the first monitoring well geophone is T 2,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well geophone is T1. 0 、T2 0 The microseismic longitudinal wave travel times of two vertical wells actually picked up.

[0046] Preferably, the depth grid point position is calculated by formula (3):

[0047] z j =z0+(j-1)*Δz (3)

[0048] Among them, z j is the depth value corresponding to the grid point j, Δz is the unit grid size, z1 and z2 are the upper and lower limits of the search range of the known fracturing stage perforation depth z0, respectively, j ∈(z0-z1,z0+z2).

[0049] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0050] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0051] A processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method.

[0052] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method is implemented.

[0053] The methods and apparatus of the present invention have other features and advantages that will be apparent from, or will be described in detail in, the accompanying drawings and subsequent detailed descriptions incorporated herein, which together serve to explain the specific principles of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 1 A flow chart showing the steps of a method for locating microseismic longitudinal and transverse waves in a vertical well according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Schematic diagrams showing a side view and a top view of a system for simultaneous microseismic monitoring and observation of two vertical wells according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively.

[0057] Figure 3a and Figure 3b Schematic diagrams showing the distribution and amplification of P-wave information of the same microseismic event in monitoring well 1 and monitoring well 2 at different detector azimuth angles in the horizontal coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively.

[0058] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a quadrilateral formed by azimuth beams of geophones of two wells and its center line is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 5a and Figure 5b Schematic diagrams showing a side view and a top view of a microseismic event spatial positioning result according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively.

[0060] Figure 6 A block diagram of a vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0061] Description of reference numerals:

[0062] 201, a module for determining the radiation passing through the first monitoring well detector; 202, a module for determining the radiation passing through the second monitoring well detector; 203, a module for calculating the horizontal positioning result; 204, a module for calculating the spatial positioning result. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0064] Compared with ground microseismic monitoring, the cost of microseismic acquisition in wells is lower, and it is not affected by weather and surrounding environmental noise. It can identify more microseismic events and enrich the subsequent microseismic fracturing interpretation. However, due to the small number of detectors, large monitoring distance, insufficient depth below, etc., the horizontal azimuth positioning results of microseismic in a single well are unstable and inaccurate. In order to meet the production market's demand for high-precision microseismic positioning in wells, two wells are simultaneously monitored and mutually constrained to improve the horizontal positioning accuracy. The present invention uses the principle of longitudinal wave signal polarization to calculate the maximum horizontal azimuth and minimum horizontal azimuth of the same microseismic event in two monitoring wells, form four rays, construct a quadrilateral, calculate the horizontal coordinates of the intersection of the middle line of the quadrilateral, which is the horizontal positioning result of the microseismic event monitored by the two vertical wells, and then use the grid search method to further search for the grid points with the smallest travel time error with the microseismic events of the two wells within the depth range, which is the depth positioning result of the microseismic event, so as to achieve rapid positioning of microseismic events monitored simultaneously in two vertical wells.

[0065] The present invention provides a vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method, comprising:

[0066] The propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the first monitoring well is calculated, and two rays passing through the detectors of the first monitoring well are determined.

[0067] Specifically, according to the principle of P-wave signal polarization, the P-wave signal of the microseismic event is calculated at each detector horizontal azimuth in the first monitoring well, and its maximum azimuth θ is searched. 1,max 、Minimum angle azimuth θ 1,min , combined with the horizontal coordinates (x1, y1) of the geophone in the first monitoring well of the vertical well, two geophone rays L are formed 1,max , L 1,min .

[0068] According to the principle of longitudinal wave signal polarization: the longitudinal wave propagation direction is consistent with the longitudinal wave polarization direction in the horizontal plane of the three-component detector, and the polarization direction is represented by the horizontal azimuth of the three-component detector. The present invention adopts the existing algorithm - energy histogram analysis method, assuming that the original instantaneous amplitudes of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event received by the X and Y components of the three-component detector in the first monitoring well are A and X,i , A Y,i , by rotating at an angle α, we obtain two new components - the horizontal radial component R and the horizontal tangential component T:

[0069] A R,i =A X,i cos(α)+A Y,i sin(α) (4)

[0070] A T,i =-AX,i sin(α)+A Y,i cos(α) (5)

[0071] Where i is the time sample point, R i 、T i They are the instantaneous amplitudes of the horizontal radial component R and the horizontal tangential component T after rotation, and the angle α ranges from 0 to 360 degrees.

[0072] According to formulas (4) and (5), the energy difference ΔE between the horizontal radial component R and the horizontal tangential component T after rotation is established:

[0073] ΔE=∑|A R,i | 2 -∑|A T,i | 2 (6)

[0074] The histogram of the energy difference ΔE of angle α from 0 to 360 degrees is statistically analyzed. When ΔE in formula (6) is the maximum, the corresponding angle α is the horizontal azimuth of the three-component geophone of the first monitoring well consistent with the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event. The horizontal azimuth of all geophones in all first monitoring wells is calculated in the same way, and the maximum geophone horizontal azimuth θ can be found. 1,max , minimum detector horizontal azimuth angle θ 1,min , and record the horizontal coordinates (x1, y1) of the known detector in vertical well monitoring 1.

[0075] The propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the second monitoring well is calculated, and two rays passing through the detectors of the second monitoring well are determined.

[0076] Specifically, the same operation process is used to calculate the maximum detector azimuth θ of the second monitoring well of the vertical well by using the energy histogram analysis method for the longitudinal wave signal of the same microseismic event. 2,max , minimum detector horizontal azimuth angle θ 2,min And record the corresponding known detector horizontal coordinates (x2, y2).

[0077] According to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, the horizontal positioning range is determined, and the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated, which are the positioning results of the microseism in the horizontal coordinate system; in an example, according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, the horizontal positioning range is determined, and the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated, including: according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, a quadrilateral is established in the horizontal coordinate system, which is the horizontal positioning range; the coordinates of the four vertices of the horizontal positioning range and the midpoint coordinates of the four sides are determined, and then the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated.

[0078] In one example, the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated by formula (1):

[0079]

[0080] The coordinates of the four vertices are (x A ,y A )、(x B ,y B )、(x C ,y C )、(x D ,y D ), the coordinates of the midpoints of the four sides are

[0081] Specifically, the maximum horizontal azimuth angle θ of the first monitoring well 1,max , minimum detector horizontal azimuth angle θ 1,min And the coordinates of the vertical well detector (x1, y1) are known, forming two ray equations (7) and (8):

[0082] The minimum geophone azimuth ray L of the first monitoring well 1,min :

[0083] y-y1=tan(θ 1,min )*(x-x1) (7)

[0084] The maximum azimuth angle ray L of the first monitoring well 1,max :

[0085] y-y1=tan(θ 1,max )*(x-x1) (8)

[0086] Then according to the maximum horizontal azimuth angle θ of the second monitoring well 2,max , minimum detector horizontal azimuth angle θ 2,min And the coordinates of the vertical well detector (x2, y2) are known, and two other ray equations (9) and (10) are also formed:

[0087] The minimum geophone azimuth ray L of the second monitoring well 2,min :

[0088] y-y2=tan(θ 2,min )*(x-x2) (9)

[0089] The maximum azimuth angle ray L of the second monitoring well 2,max :

[0090] y-y2=tan(θ 2,max )*(x-x2) (10)

[0091] By combining formulas (7)-(10) into two-variable linear equations, we can calculate the ray equation L 1,min With the ray equation L 2,min The intersection coordinates (x A ,y A ), ray equation L 1,min With the ray equation L 2,max The intersection coordinates (x B ,y B ), ray equation L 1,max With the ray equation L 2,max The intersection coordinates (x C ,y C ), ray equation L 1,max With the ray equation L 2,min The intersection coordinates (x D ,y D ).

[0092] The above four intersection points form a quadrilateral, and the coordinates of the center points of the corresponding four sides are

[0093] Through the center point of the opposite side, the center line ray equation system formula (1) is formed. By solving the two-variable linear equation system, the coordinates of the intersection point of the two center lines in formula (1) can be calculated (x * ,y * ), which is the positioning result of the microseismic event in the horizontal coordinate system.

[0094] Establish a microseismic depth grid range, calculate the depth grid point position according to the midpoint coordinates, determine the microseismic depth direction positioning result, and then obtain the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave spatial positioning result. In one example, calculating the depth grid point position and determining the microseismic depth direction positioning result includes: calculating the arrival time of the microseismic longitudinal wave signal from each grid point to the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well detector, comparing it with the actual microseismic longitudinal wave travel time, and calculating the longitudinal wave travel time target error; the corresponding depth grid point position when the target error is minimized is the microseismic depth direction positioning result.

[0095] In one example, the longitudinal wave travel time target error is calculated by formula (2):

[0096] ΔT j =|(T 1,j -T1 0 )+(T 2,j -T2 0 )| (2)

[0097] Among them, T 1,jFor each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the first monitoring well geophone is T 2,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well geophone is T1. 0 、T2 0 The microseismic longitudinal wave travel times of two vertical wells actually picked up.

[0098] In one example, the depth grid point position is calculated by formula (3):

[0099] z j =z0+(j-1)*Δz (3)

[0100] Among them, z j is the depth value corresponding to the grid point j, Δz is the unit grid size, z1 and z2 are the upper and lower limits of the search range of the known fracturing stage perforation depth z0, respectively, j ∈(z0-z1,z0+z2).

[0101] Specifically, a microseismic event depth grid is established with the known perforation depth z0 of the fracturing stage as the center, and the depth grid point position is calculated by formula (3). Assume that each depth grid point z j Place a seismic source and combine the calculated microseismic event horizontal location results (x * ,y * ), and then based on the known acoustic logging and the spatial positions of the geophones in the two vertical monitoring wells, ray tracing forward modeling was performed using Snell's law to calculate the arrival travel time T of the microseismic P-wave signal from each grid point to the geophone of the first monitoring well. 1,j , the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well geophone T 2,j , compared with the known microseismic P-wave travel time T1 of two vertical wells actually picked up 0 、T2 0 Establish the absolute error formula (2).

[0102] Using the search method, within the grid range centered on the known perforation depth of the fracturing stage, search for ΔT j The depth grid point z corresponding to the minimum * , which is the depth positioning result of the microseismic event, combined with the calculated horizontal positioning result (x * ,y * ), and finally obtain the spatial positioning results of microseismic events monitored simultaneously in two vertical wells (x * ,y * ,z * ).

[0103] The present invention also provides a vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning device, comprising:

[0104] The module for determining the detector rays passing through the first monitoring well calculates the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the first monitoring well, and determines two detector rays passing through the first monitoring well.

[0105] Specifically, according to the principle of P-wave signal polarization, the P-wave signal of the microseismic event is calculated at each detector horizontal azimuth in the first monitoring well, and its maximum azimuth θ is searched. 1,max 、Minimum angle azimuth θ 1,min , combined with the horizontal coordinates (x1, y1) of the geophone in the first monitoring well of the vertical well, two geophone rays L are formed 1,max , L 1,min .

[0106] According to the principle of longitudinal wave signal polarization: the longitudinal wave propagation direction is consistent with the longitudinal wave polarization direction in the horizontal plane of the three-component detector, and the polarization direction is represented by the horizontal azimuth of the three-component detector. The present invention adopts the existing algorithm - energy histogram analysis method, assuming that the original instantaneous amplitudes of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event received by the X and Y components of the three-component detector in the first monitoring well are A and X,i , A Y,i , by rotating at an angle α, we obtain two new components: the horizontal radial component R and the horizontal tangential component T, which are formulas (4) and (5) respectively.

[0107] According to formulas (4) and (5), the energy difference ΔE between the horizontal radial component R and the horizontal tangential component T after rotation is established as formula (6).

[0108] The histogram of the energy difference ΔE of angle α from 0 to 360 degrees is statistically analyzed. When ΔE in formula (6) is the maximum, the corresponding angle α is the horizontal azimuth of the three-component geophone of the first monitoring well consistent with the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event. The horizontal azimuth of all geophones in all first monitoring wells is calculated in the same way, and the maximum geophone horizontal azimuth θ can be found. 1,max , minimum detector horizontal azimuth angle θ 1,min , and record the horizontal coordinates (x1, y1) of the known detector in vertical well monitoring 1.

[0109] The module for determining the detector rays passing through the second monitoring well calculates the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the second monitoring well, and determines two detector rays passing through the second monitoring well.

[0110] Specifically, the same operation process is used to calculate the maximum detector azimuth θ of the second monitoring well of the vertical well by using the energy histogram analysis method for the longitudinal wave signal of the same microseismic event. 2,max , minimum detector horizontal azimuth angle θ 2,min And record the corresponding known detector horizontal coordinates (x2, y2).

[0111] The horizontal positioning result calculation module determines the horizontal positioning range according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculates the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range, which is the positioning result of the microseismic in the horizontal coordinate system; in one example, the horizontal positioning range is determined according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, and the calculation of the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range includes: establishing a quadrilateral in the horizontal coordinate system according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, which is the horizontal positioning range; determining the coordinates of the four vertices of the horizontal positioning range and the midpoint coordinates of the four sides, and then calculating the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range.

[0112] In one example, the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated by formula (1):

[0113]

[0114] The coordinates of the four vertices are (x A ,y A )、(x B ,y B )、(x C ,y C )、(x D ,y D ), the coordinates of the midpoints of the four sides are

[0115] Specifically, the maximum horizontal azimuth angle θ of the first monitoring well 1,max , minimum detector horizontal azimuth angle θ 1,min And the coordinates of the vertical well detector (x1, y1) are known, forming two ray equations (7) and (8), where the minimum detector azimuth ray L of the first monitoring well is 1,min Formula (7), the maximum detector azimuth ray L of the first monitoring well 1,max is formula (8).

[0116] Then according to the maximum horizontal azimuth angle θ of the second monitoring well 2,max , minimum detector horizontal azimuth angle θ 2,min And the coordinates of the vertical well detector (x2, y2) are known, and two other ray equations (9) and (10) are also formed, among which the minimum detector azimuth ray L of the second monitoring well is 1,min Formula (9), the maximum detector azimuth ray L of the second monitoring well 1,max is formula (10).

[0117] By combining formulas (7)-(10) into two-variable linear equations, we can calculate the ray equation L1,min With the ray equation L 2,min The intersection coordinates (x A ,y A ), ray equation L 1,min With the ray equation L 2,max The intersection coordinates (x B ,y B ), ray equation L 1,max With the ray equation L 2,max The intersection coordinates (x C ,y C ), ray equation L 1,max With the ray equation L 2,min The intersection coordinates (x D ,y D ).

[0118] The above four intersection points form a quadrilateral, and the coordinates of the center points of the corresponding four sides are

[0119] Through the center point of the opposite side, the center line ray equation system formula (1) is formed. By solving the two-variable linear equation system, the coordinates of the intersection point of the two center lines in formula (1) can be calculated (x * ,y * ), which is the positioning result of the microseismic event in the horizontal coordinate system.

[0120] The spatial positioning result calculation module establishes the microseismic depth grid range, calculates the depth grid point position according to the midpoint coordinates, determines the microseismic depth direction positioning result, and then obtains the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave spatial positioning result. In one example, calculating the depth grid point position and determining the microseismic depth direction positioning result includes: calculating the arrival time of the microseismic longitudinal wave signal from each grid point to the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well detector, comparing it with the actual microseismic longitudinal wave travel time, and calculating the longitudinal wave travel time target error; the corresponding depth grid point position when the target error is minimized is the microseismic depth direction positioning result.

[0121] In one example, the longitudinal wave travel time target error is calculated by formula (2):

[0122] ΔT j =|(T 1,j -T1 0 )+(T 2,j -T2 0 )| (2)

[0123] Among them, T 1,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the first monitoring well geophone is T 2,jFor each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well geophone is T1. 0 、T2 0 The microseismic longitudinal wave travel times of two vertical wells actually picked up.

[0124] In one example, the depth grid point position is calculated by formula (3):

[0125] z j =z0+(j-1)*Δz (3)

[0126] Among them, z j is the depth value corresponding to the grid point j, Δz is the unit grid size, z1 and z2 are the upper and lower limits of the search range of the known fracturing stage perforation depth z0, respectively, j ∈(z0-z1,z0+z2).

[0127] Specifically, a microseismic event depth grid is established with the known perforation depth z0 of the fracturing stage as the center, and the depth grid point position is calculated by formula (3). Assume that each depth grid point z j Place a seismic source and combine the calculated microseismic event horizontal location results (x * ,y * ), and then based on the known acoustic logging and the spatial positions of the geophones in the two vertical monitoring wells, ray tracing forward modeling was performed using Snell's law to calculate the arrival travel time T of the microseismic P-wave signal from each grid point to the geophone of the first monitoring well. 1,j , the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well geophone T 2,j , compared with the known microseismic P-wave travel time T1 of two vertical wells actually picked up 0 、T2 0 Establish the absolute error formula (2).

[0128] Using the search method, within the grid range centered on the known perforation depth of the fracturing stage, search for ΔT j The depth grid point z corresponding to the minimum * , which is the depth positioning result of the microseismic event, combined with the calculated horizontal positioning result (x * ,y * ), and finally obtain the spatial positioning results of microseismic events monitored simultaneously in two vertical wells (x * ,y * ,z * ).

[0129] The present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes: a memory storing executable instructions; and a processor running the executable instructions in the memory to implement the above-mentioned vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method.

[0130] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method is implemented.

[0131] To facilitate understanding of the solutions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention, four specific application examples are given below. Those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are only for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and any specific details thereof are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0132] Example 1

[0133] Figure 1 A flow chart showing the steps of a method for locating microseismic longitudinal and transverse waves in a vertical well according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0134] like Figure 1 As shown, the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method includes: step 101, calculating the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the first monitoring well, and determining two rays passing through the first monitoring well detector; step 102, calculating the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the second monitoring well, and determining two rays passing through the second monitoring well detector; step 103, determining the horizontal positioning range according to the rays passing through the first monitoring well detector and the rays passing through the second monitoring well detector, calculating the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range, which is the positioning result of the microseism in the horizontal coordinate system; step 104, establishing the microseismic depth grid range, calculating the depth grid point position according to the midpoint coordinates, determining the microseismic depth direction positioning result, and then obtaining the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave spatial positioning result.

[0135] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Schematic diagrams showing a side view and a top view of a system for simultaneous microseismic monitoring and observation of two vertical wells according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively.

[0136] The first and second monitoring wells both have 13-stage three-component geophones deployed underground (the geophone coordinates are known), 1 known perforation signal and 9 event signals, and their spatial coordinates are shown in Table 1, in meters. The perforation horizontal coordinates are at the origin, and their geometric relationships are as follows: Figure 2a , Figure 2b As shown, the stratum is divided into three layers, and the system belongs to a typical dual-well simultaneous in-well microseismic monitoring.

[0137] Table 1

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] Using the existing high-precision ray tracing algorithm, according to Figure 2a , Figure 2b The observation method is to perform the longitudinal wave information of each perforation and event reaching the detector as a known real observation value. The present invention does not consider the influence of lateral velocity variation as a known input.

[0141] Figure 3a and Figure 3b Schematic diagrams showing the distribution and amplification of longitudinal wave information of the same microseismic event in the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well at different detector azimuth angles in the horizontal coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively.

[0142] First, taking the event with spatial coordinates (-5, 5, 1300) as an example, according to the principle of longitudinal wave signal polarization: the longitudinal wave propagation direction is consistent with the longitudinal wave polarization direction in the horizontal plane of the three-component detector, and the polarization direction is represented by the horizontal azimuth of the three-component detector. The longitudinal wave of this event is calculated at different detector azimuths of the first monitoring well and different detector azimuths of the second monitoring well, as shown in Table 2, unit: degree, forming two beams of rays, such as Figure 3a shown.

[0143] Table 2

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a quadrilateral formed by azimuth beams of geophones of two wells and its center line is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0147] Then, according to Table 2, the maximum detector azimuth and the minimum detector azimuth of the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well are searched respectively, such as Figure 3b The enlarged picture shows that Figure 3a The maximum overlap area of ​​the two ray clusters forms a quadrilateral, such as Figure 4 According to formulas (7)-(10), by solving the two-variable linear equations in pairs, we can calculate Figure 4 The ray equation of the quadrilateral horizontal coordinate system is used to further calculate the horizontal coordinates of the four corners of the quadrilateral and the horizontal coordinates of the four center points. Then, according to formula (1), the coordinates of the intersection of the two center lines are calculated, which is the horizontal location result of the microseismic event (x * ,y * ).

[0148] Figure 5a and Figure 5b Schematic diagrams showing a side view and a top view of a microseismic event spatial positioning result according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively.

[0149] Finally, with the known perforation depth z0 (depth of 1300 meters) of the fracturing stage as the center, a microseismic event depth grid range of 1200-1400 meters and a unit grid length of 1 meter are established, and the grid points of formula (3) are established. For each microseismic event, the grid point is taken as the depth, combined with the horizontal positioning result (x * ,y * ), assuming that a seismic source is placed at each depth grid point, ray tracing forward modeling is performed using Snell's law to calculate the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from each grid point to the first monitoring well detector and the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well detector, and the absolute error formula (2) is established by comparing the actual microseismic P-wave travel times of the two vertical wells. Using the search method, when the absolute error of the travel times of the two vertical wells is the smallest, the corresponding depth grid point z * , which is the depth positioning result of the microseismic event, combined with the calculated horizontal positioning result (x * ,y * ), and finally obtain the spatial positioning results of microseismic events monitored simultaneously in two vertical wells (x * ,y * ,z * ),like Figure 5a , Figure 5b shown.

[0150] It can be seen from the spatial positioning error table 3 that the horizontal positioning error and the depth positioning error of the microseismic event are basically controlled at about 3 meters, which verifies that the present invention has a high microseismic positioning accuracy and has a certain value for promotion and application.

[0151] Table 3

[0152] Event x error (m) Event y error (m) Event z error (m) -0.806152 0.393295 -1 -1.459518 -1.735092 -1 -2.170944 -0.602242 -3 1.558334 1.441086 3 1.659747 -3.792633 2 -0.765171 -0.750031 -1 -1.23056 0.653236 -3 3.368378 -2.044678 2 -3.776108 -0.440659 -3

[0153] Example 2

[0154] Figure 6 A block diagram of a vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0155] like Figure 6 As shown, the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning device comprises:

[0156] The module 201 for determining the detector rays passing through the first monitoring well calculates the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the first monitoring well, and determines two detector rays passing through the first monitoring well;

[0157] The module 202 for determining the detector rays passing through the second monitoring well calculates the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the second monitoring well, and determines two detector rays passing through the second monitoring well;

[0158] The horizontal positioning result calculation module 203 determines the horizontal positioning range according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculates the coordinates of the midpoint of the horizontal positioning range, which is the positioning result of the microseism in the horizontal coordinate system;

[0159] The spatial positioning result calculation module 204 establishes the microseismic depth grid range, calculates the depth grid point position according to the midpoint coordinates, determines the microseismic depth direction positioning result, and then obtains the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave spatial positioning result.

[0160] As an optional solution, the horizontal positioning range is determined according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, and the coordinates of the midpoint of the horizontal positioning range are calculated including:

[0161] According to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, a quadrilateral is established on the horizontal coordinate system, which is the horizontal positioning range;

[0162] Determine the coordinates of the four vertices of the horizontal positioning range and the midpoint coordinates of the four sides, and then calculate the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range.

[0163] As an alternative, the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated using formula (1):

[0164]

[0165] The coordinates of the four vertices are (x A ,y A )、(x B ,y B )、(x C ,y C )、(x D ,y D ), the coordinates of the midpoints of the four sides are

[0166] As an optional solution, the depth grid point positions are calculated to determine the microseismic depth direction positioning results including:

[0167] Calculate the arrival travel time of the microseismic P-wave signal from each grid point to the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well geophone, compare it with the actual microseismic P-wave travel time, and calculate the P-wave travel time target error;

[0168] The depth grid point position corresponding to the minimum target error is the microseismic depth positioning result.

[0169] As an optional solution, the longitudinal wave travel time target error is calculated using formula (2):

[0170] ΔT j =|(T 1,j -T1 0 )+(T 2,j -T2 0 )| (2)

[0171] Among them, T 1,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the first monitoring well geophone is T 2,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well geophone is T1. 0 、T2 0 The microseismic longitudinal wave travel times of two vertical wells actually picked up.

[0172] As an alternative, the depth grid point position is calculated using formula (3):

[0173] z j =z0+(j-1)*Δz (3)

[0174] Among them, z j is the depth value corresponding to the grid point j, Δz is the unit grid size, z1 and z2 are the upper and lower limits of the search range of the known fracturing stage perforation depth z0, respectively, j ∈(z0-z1,z0+z2).

[0175] Example 3

[0176] The present disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes: a memory storing executable instructions; a processor running the executable instructions in the memory to implement the above-mentioned vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method.

[0177] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor.

[0178] The memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory (cache), etc. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0179] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0180] Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience, the present embodiment may also include well-known structures such as a communication bus and an interface, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0181] For detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the aforementioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0182] Example 4

[0183] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which implements the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method when executed by a processor.

[0184] According to the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present disclosure, non-transitory computer-readable instructions are stored thereon. When the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned methods of each embodiment of the present disclosure are executed.

[0185] The above-mentioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or mobile hard disk), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card) and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM box).

[0186] Those skilled in the art should understand that the purpose of the above description of the embodiments of the present invention is only to exemplarily illustrate the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to any given examples.

[0187] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method, characterized in that: include: Calculate the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each geophone of the first monitoring well, and determine two rays passing through the geophone of the first monitoring well; Calculate the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each geophone of the second monitoring well, and determine two rays passing through the geophone of the second monitoring well; Determine the horizontal positioning range according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculate the coordinates of the midpoint of the horizontal positioning range, which is the positioning result of the microseism in the horizontal coordinate system; Establishing a microseismic depth grid range, calculating the depth grid point position according to the midpoint coordinates, determining the microseismic depth direction positioning result, and then obtaining the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave spatial positioning result; Wherein, determining two detector rays passing through the first monitoring well includes: calculating the horizontal azimuth of each detector of the microseismic event longitudinal wave signal in the first monitoring well, searching for its maximum horizontal azimuth and minimum horizontal azimuth, combining the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate of the first monitoring well detector of the vertical well, and forming two detector rays passing through the first monitoring well; Determining two detector rays passing through the second monitoring well includes: calculating the horizontal azimuths of all detectors of the second monitoring wells, searching for their maximum horizontal azimuth and minimum horizontal azimuth, and combining the horizontal coordinates and vertical coordinates of the second monitoring well detectors of the vertical well to form two detector rays passing through the second monitoring well.

2. The vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining a horizontal positioning range according to the geophone ray passing through the first monitoring well and the geophone ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculating the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range includes: According to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, a quadrilateral is established on the horizontal coordinate system, which is the horizontal positioning range; The coordinates of the four vertices and the midpoints of the four sides of the horizontal positioning range are determined, and then the midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated.

3. The vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method according to claim 2, wherein: The midpoint coordinates of the horizontal positioning range are calculated by formula (1): The coordinates of the four vertices are (x A ,y A )、(x B ,y B )、(x C ,y C )、(x D ,y D ), the coordinates of the midpoints of the four sides are 4. The vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method according to claim 1, wherein: Calculate the depth grid point position and determine the microseismic depth direction positioning results including: Calculate the arrival travel time of the microseismic P-wave signal from each grid point to the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well geophone, compare it with the actual microseismic P-wave travel time, and calculate the P-wave travel time target error; The depth grid point position corresponding to the minimum target error is the microseismic depth positioning result.

5. The vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method according to claim 4, wherein: The longitudinal wave travel time target error is calculated by formula (2): ΔT j =|(T 1,j -T1 0 )+(T 2,j -T2 0 )| (2) Among them, T 1,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the first monitoring well geophone is T 2,j For each grid point, the arrival time of the microseismic P-wave signal from the second monitoring well geophone is T1. 0 、T2 0 The microseismic longitudinal wave travel times of two vertical wells actually picked up.

6. The vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method according to claim 4, wherein: The depth grid point position is calculated by formula (3): With j =z0+(j-1)*Δz (3) Among them, z j is the depth value corresponding to the grid point j, Δz is the unit grid size, z1 and z2 are the upper and lower limits of the search range of the known fracturing stage perforation depth z0, respectively, j ∈(z0-z1,z0+z2).

7. A vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning device, characterized in that: include: A module for determining the detector rays passing through the first monitoring well calculates the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the first monitoring well, and determines two detector rays passing through the first monitoring well; The module for determining the detector rays passing through the second monitoring well calculates the propagation direction of the longitudinal wave signal of the microseismic event in the three-component horizontal plane of each detector in the second monitoring well, and determines two detector rays passing through the second monitoring well; A horizontal positioning result calculation module determines a horizontal positioning range according to the detector ray passing through the first monitoring well and the detector ray passing through the second monitoring well, and calculates the coordinates of the midpoint of the horizontal positioning range, which is the positioning result of the microseism in the horizontal coordinate system; The spatial positioning result calculation module establishes the microseismic depth grid range, calculates the depth grid point position according to the midpoint coordinates, determines the microseismic depth direction positioning result, and then obtains the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave spatial positioning result; Wherein, determining two detector rays passing through the first monitoring well includes: calculating the horizontal azimuth of each detector of the microseismic event longitudinal wave signal in the first monitoring well, searching for its maximum horizontal azimuth and minimum horizontal azimuth, combining the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate of the first monitoring well detector of the vertical well, and forming two detector rays passing through the first monitoring well; Determining two detector rays passing through the second monitoring well includes: calculating the horizontal azimuths of all detectors of the second monitoring wells, searching for their maximum horizontal azimuth and minimum horizontal azimuth, and combining the horizontal coordinates and vertical coordinates of the second monitoring well detectors of the vertical well to form two detector rays passing through the second monitoring well.

8. The vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning device according to claim 7, wherein: Calculate the depth grid point position and determine the microseismic depth direction positioning results including: Calculate the arrival travel time of the microseismic P-wave signal from each grid point to the first monitoring well and the second monitoring well geophone, compare it with the actual microseismic P-wave travel time, and calculate the P-wave travel time target error; The depth grid point position corresponding to the minimum target error is the microseismic depth positioning result.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: A memory storing executable instructions; A processor, wherein the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the vertical well microseismic longitudinal and transverse wave positioning method described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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