Self-aligning and augmenting support

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic alignment and force increasing support, piston end cover is threadedly connected with the bottom of thrust piston, the upper inner cavity of piston end cover is equipped with return spring, the top of return spring is equipped with end stop seat, the top of end stop seat is equipped with clamping sleeve and steel ball, support rod is installed in piston end cover and clamping sleeve, support rod is located in return spring, the top of support rod is threaded and connected with support cap, the bottom of support cap is equipped with ejector spring, the bottom of ejector spring is equipped with ejector spring seat, ejector spring seat is threadedly connected with the top of lifting piston, return spring is sleeved on lifting piston, return spring is located in the lower inner cavity of piston end cover.The application can use lifting piston to increase the force of thrust piston, realize maximum thrust in limited space;Clamping sleeve is designed to be convex on the outside and concave on the inside, which can compensate the wire clamping phenomenon caused by processing error, and play the role of automatic alignment and clamping.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic support of machining tooling fixture, and particularly relates to an automatic aligning and force-increasing support device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydraulic support device is widely used in machining tooling and hydraulic fixture, and its supporting function is to support the opposite side of the machining surface to ensure that the machined surface is not deformed by the cutting force in the cutting process. For reference surfaces or some special-shaped parts, blank parts can use the support device, which can reduce a large amount of clamping time in batch production and significantly improve work efficiency. The support device is required to have sufficient clamping and supporting function, otherwise it will directly affect the machining accuracy of the workpiece, and even cause equipment damage and personal safety.

[0003] At present, the low-pressure support devices produced at home and abroad have similar structures, which are driven by hydraulic oil to drive the relative movement of the inner and outer cones and the steel ball to convert the axial force into radial force to realize the radial clamping of the support rod. The similar products on the market have positive and negative cone structures, such as the products of Japan Pascal Corporation, which were published on the Pascal website from 2006 to 2021 (positive cone), (https: / / www.pascaleng.co.jp / application / files / 8615 / 6075 / 1346 / cls-35c_csn.pdf#page=1). The products of Japan Kosmek Corporation, which were published on the Kosmek website from 2002 to 2020 (positive cone), (http: / / www.kosmek-cn.com / php_file / chn_product_page.php?lang=3&no=149_00_01&group=105). Chinese patent CN201953740U, a new type of support structure (negative cone). Chinese patent CN203560197U, a floating support cylinder (negative cone).

[0004] The problems of the support device at present are that the supporting force of the support device is unstable, the workpiece is prone to vibration during use, and the machining precision of the workpiece is insufficient, which is mainly caused by two aspects, one is that the effective area of the thrust piston of the support device is insufficient, the supporting force of the support device depends on the effective annular area of the thrust piston, if the effective area is small, the thrust of the thrust piston is small, and the clamping force of the clamping sleeve and the supporting force of the supporting rod are also small, the larger the effective area is, the larger the thrust is, and the larger the clamping force applied to the clamping sleeve is, and vice versa, the volume of the support device is small, and how to increase the thrust of the thrust piston in the limited volume is a problem to be solved, and the other is that the thrust of the thrust piston is large enough and the supporting force is small, which is caused by the large machining precision error of the inner conical surface of the thrust piston and the outer conical surface of the clamping sleeve, and the large cylindrical error of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve and the outer circle of the supporting rod, which also causes the insufficient clamping force of the clamping sleeve on the supporting rod, when the machining precision of the inner and outer conical surfaces has an error, the inner and outer conical surfaces are in linear contact, which causes the inner hole of the clamping sleeve and the outer circle of the supporting rod to be in linear contact clamping at the upper end or the lower end, when the cylindrical precision of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve and the outer circle of the supporting rod has an error, the inner hole and the outer circle are in linear contact clamping in the middle, the larger the error is, the smaller the clamping force is, and therefore, the taper error and the cylindrical error generated during machining of the inner conical surface of the thrust piston, the outer conical surface of the clamping sleeve, the outer circle of the supporting rod and the inner circle of the clamping sleeve will cause the insufficient clamping force and the insufficient supporting force. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides an automatic centering and force increasing support device to solve the above problems.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: an automatic centering and force increasing support device, which comprises a cylinder body, a base is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, a piston end cover is installed at the top of the base, the bottom of the piston end cover is threadedly connected with a thrust piston, a return spring is installed in the upper inner cavity of the piston end cover, a stop end seat is installed at the top of the return spring, a clamping sleeve and a steel ball are installed at the top of the stop end seat, the steel ball is located between the clamping sleeve and the thrust piston, a check ring is installed between the steel ball and the top of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, a supporting rod is installed in the piston end cover and the clamping sleeve, the supporting rod is located in the return spring, the top of the supporting rod penetrates through the top of the cylinder body and is threadedly connected with a supporting cap, an ejection spring is installed at the bottom of the supporting cap, an ejection spring seat is installed at the bottom of the ejection spring, the ejection spring seat is threadedly connected with the top of a lifting piston, a return spring is sleeved on the lifting piston and located in the lower inner cavity of the piston end cover.

[0007] Further, the lower end of the supporting rod is provided with a shaft head, the outer diameter of the shaft head is larger than the outer diameter of the supporting rod, the inner side of the shaft head is provided with a stop end shoulder, the stop end seat is provided with a stop end surface and an inner hole, the inner diameter of the inner hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft head and larger than the outer diameter of the supporting rod, and the end head of the piston end cover is provided with an A end surface.

[0008] Further, the clamping sleeve outer conical surface is provided with a convex surface, the clamping sleeve inner hole middle part is provided with a concave surface, and the clamping sleeve is provided with a shrinkage opening; the thrust piston is provided with a thrust piston inner conical surface.

[0009] The shaft head, the end shoulder, the end surface on the end seat and the end of the support rod are added to control the maximum stroke of the support rod, the traditional structure of controlling the maximum stroke of the support rod by the base and the lifting piston is broken, so that the lifting piston can be used to increase the force of the thrust piston, and the maximum thrust can be realized in limited space. The intermediate convex surface is added to the outer conical surface of the clamping sleeve, the taper error of the outer conical surface of the clamping sleeve and the inner conical surface of the thrust piston in machining is eliminated, and the linear contact clamping phenomenon of the upper and lower clamping surfaces is eliminated. The radial clamping force of the thrust piston is directly applied to the intermediate position of the clamping sleeve through the steel ball, and the automatic centering effect is achieved. The concave surface is added to the inner hole of the clamping sleeve, the clamping surface is the upper and lower clamping surface, and the linear contact clamping phenomenon of the upper and lower clamping surfaces is eliminated. The outer convex and inner concave design of the clamping sleeve can compensate the linear clamping phenomenon caused by machining error, and the automatic centering clamping effect is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0011] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the support rod;

[0012] Figure 3 is a B-B sectional view of Figure 2 ;

[0013] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping sleeve;

[0014] Figure 5 is a sectional view of the clamping sleeve;

[0015] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the piston end cover;

[0016] Figure 7 is a sectional view of the thrust piston;

[0017] Figure 8 is a sectional view of the end seat;

[0018] Figure 9 is a sectional view of the base;

[0019] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting piston.

[0020] Wherein: 1. cylinder, 2. base, 3. thrust piston, 4. clamping sleeve, 5. support rod, 6. support cap, 7. lifting piston, 9. return spring, 10. ejection spring, 11. return spring, 12. steel ball, 13. vent hole, 14. vent groove, 15. oil passage hole, 16. end shoulder, 17. end face, 18. ring oil groove, 19. shrinkage opening, 20. ejection spring seat, 22. base inner hole, 23. A end face, 24. B end face, 25. retainer ring, 26. piston end cover, 27. oil inlet, 28. thrust piston inner conical surface, 29. clamping sleeve outer conical surface, 30. end seat, 33. end, 37. shaft head, 38. inner hole bottom platform, 39. zero position, 40. convex surface, 41 concave surface, 42. inner hole, 43. lifting piston diameter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-10 The specific embodiments of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] An automatic alignment and force increasing support device, comprising a cylinder 1, a base 2 is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder 1, a piston end cover 26 is installed at the top of the base 2, the bottom of the piston end cover 26 is threadedly connected with a thrust piston 3, a return spring 11 is installed in the upper inner cavity of the piston end cover 26, an end seat 30 is installed at the top of the return spring 11, a clamping sleeve 4 and a steel ball 12 are installed at the top of the end seat 30, the steel ball 12 is located between the clamping sleeve 4 and the thrust piston 3, a retainer ring 25 is installed between the steel ball 12 and the top of the inner cavity of the cylinder 1, a support rod 5 is installed in the piston end cover 26 and the clamping sleeve 4, the support rod 5 is located in the return spring 11, the top of the support rod 5 penetrates through the top of the cylinder 1 and is threadedly connected with a support cap 6, an ejection spring 10 is installed at the bottom of the support cap 6, an ejection spring seat 20 is installed at the bottom of the ejection spring 10, the ejection spring seat 20 is threadedly connected with the top of a lifting piston 7, a return spring 9 is sleeved on the lifting piston 7, and the return spring 9 is located in the lower inner cavity of the piston end cover 26.

[0023] The lower end of the support rod 5 is provided with a shaft head 37, the outer diameter of the shaft head 37 is larger than the outer diameter of the support rod 5, the inner side of the shaft head 37 is provided with a stop shoulder 16; the stop seat 30 is internally provided with a stop surface 17 and an inner hole 42, the inner diameter of the inner hole 42 is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft head 37 and larger than the outer diameter of the support rod 5; the end head 33 of the piston end cover 26 is provided with an A end surface 23. The distance between the B end surface 24 on the lifting piston 7 and the A end surface 23 is designed to be equal to the distance between the stop shoulder 16 on the shaft head 37 and the stop surface 17 on the stop seat 30. When the lifting piston 7 is lifted and drives the support rod 5 to lift from the zero position 39 to the position where the B end surface 24 on the lifting piston 7 contacts the A end surface 23 on the end head 33 of the piston end cover 26, the stop shoulder 16 on the support rod 5 also contacts the stop surface 17 on the stop seat 30, and the support rod 5 stops. At this time, since the inner hole bottom platform 38 of the inner hole 22 of the base is designed to be deeper than the A end surface 23 on the piston end cover 26, the lifting piston 7 can continue to drive the piston end cover 26 and the thrust piston 3 to lift under the action of oil pressure, thereby playing a force amplification role. The force amplification size can be adjusted and designed according to the size of the lifting piston diameter 43, and the larger the diameter, the greater the force amplification. Since the stop shoulder 16 of the shaft head 37 is added, the maximum stroke is limited by the support rod 5 itself, and the lifting piston 7 can be used to amplify the force of the thrust piston 3. The larger the lifting piston diameter 43, the greater the force amplification.

[0024] The convex surface 40 is arranged on the outer conical surface 29 of the clamping sleeve 4, the thrust of the thrust piston 3 is converted into radial force by the steel ball 12 and directly acts on the middle convex surface 40 of the clamping sleeve 4 to clamp the support rod 5. The purpose of this design is to eliminate the phenomenon of linear contact clamping caused by the taper error of the outer conical surface 29 of the clamping sleeve and the inner conical surface 28 of the thrust piston during machining. The concave surface 41 is arranged in the middle part of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 4, that is, the upper clamping surface A and the lower clamping surface B of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 4 tightly hold the support rod 5. The purpose of this design is to eliminate the phenomenon of linear contact clamping in the middle during clamping caused by the cylindricity error of the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 4 and the outer circle of the support rod 5 during machining. The clamping sleeve 4 is designed to have an outer convex and inner concave structure, which has the effect of automatic centering clamping. The elastic expansion opening 19 is arranged on the clamping sleeve 4, and under the action of the force of the steel ball 12 on the circumference, the inner hole of the clamping sleeve 4 can be shrunk to the best effect of holding tightly with the outer diameter of the support rod 5.

[0025] The hydraulic oil enters the bottom of the base 2 from the oil inlet 27, pushes up the lifting piston 7 and drives the ejection spring seat 20, the ejection spring 10, the support cap 6 and the support rod 5 to rise together, the support rod 5 is lifted by the ejection spring 10, when the B end surface 24 on the lifting piston 7 rises to the A end surface 23 of the piston end cover 26, the stop end shoulder 16 on the shaft head 37 of the lower end of the support rod 5 contacts and is limited by the stop end surface 17 on the stop end seat 30 at the same time, the support rod 5 immediately stops (this point is the maximum stroke of the support device, when the support cap 6 contacts the workpiece and meets the elastic resistance of about one jin, the support rod 5 will immediately stop rising), at this time, since the inner hole bottom platform 38 of the inner hole 22 of the base is deeper than the A end surface 23 on the piston end cover 26, the lifting piston 7 can continue to drive the piston end cover 26 and the thrust piston 3 to rise under the action of the oil pressure, which plays a reinforcing role. While the lifting piston 7 is reinforced, another part of the hydraulic oil enters the ring oil groove 18 and the lifting piston 7 together to push the piston end cover 26 and the thrust piston 3 to rise. Under the thrust of the thrust piston 3, the relative motion of the thrust piston inner conical surface 28, the steel ball 12 and the clamping sleeve outer conical surface 29 converts the axial force into the radial force, the steel ball 12 exerts a radial clamping force on the middle of the clamping sleeve outer conical surface 29 and clamps the support rod 5, and the support rod 5 supports the workpiece. After the work is completed, the oil pressure stops, the return spring 11 drives the piston end cover 26 and the thrust piston 3 to return, the thrust disappears, the steel ball 12 returns to the free state, the clamping sleeve 4 relaxes the clamping of the support rod 5 by the elastic rebound of itself, and the lifting piston 7 returns to the zero position 39 by the action of the return spring 9 and drives the support rod 5 to return to the zero position 39 through the ejection spring seat 20. During the lifting and return of the lifting piston 7, the gas in the inner hole 22 of the base and the cylinder 1 is discharged through the vent hole 13 and the vent groove 14.

[0026] In the process of developing products, our company first designed and manufactured according to the Japanese structure, then assembled and tested after being processed by our ordinary equipment, but the supporting force index did not meet the requirements. After that, we also failed to meet the requirements after assembling and testing after being processed by a relatively good precision machining factory in Dalian. After improvement according to the technical scheme, the trial production was successful once, and all technical indexes met the technical requirements. Moreover, all products are processed by our own ordinary equipment. The technical scheme can improve the qualified rate of product processing and the stability of the supporting force of the support rod, has a simple structure, the clamping sleeve and the thrust piston are designed in a split body, which saves labor and materials, is convenient for processing and assembling, has low manufacturing cost, and effectively improves the qualified rate of product quality and the stability of product performance.

[0027] The above merely describes preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application, makes equivalent replacement or change within the technical range disclosed by the present application, should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic aligning and strengthening support, characterized by, The application relates to a cylinder (1), the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) is provided with a base (2), the top of the base (2) is provided with a piston end cover (26), the bottom of the piston end cover (26) is threadedly connected with a thrust piston (3), the upper inner cavity of the piston end cover (26) is provided with a return spring (11), the top of the return spring (11) is provided with a stop end seat (30), the top of the stop end seat (30) is provided with a clamping sleeve (4) and a steel ball (12), the steel ball (12) is located between the clamping sleeve (4) and the thrust piston (3), a retaining ring (25) is arranged between the steel ball (12) and the top of the inner cavity of the cylinder (1), a supporting rod (5) is arranged in the piston end cover (26) and the clamping sleeve (4), the supporting rod (5) is located in the return spring (11), the top of the supporting rod (5) penetrates through the top of the cylinder (1) and is threadedly connected with a supporting cap (6), the bottom of the supporting cap (6) is provided with an ejection spring (10), the bottom of the ejection spring (10) is provided with an ejection spring seat (20), the ejection spring seat (20) is threadedly connected with the top of a lifting piston (7), the lifting piston (7) is sleeved with a return spring (9), and the return spring (9) is located in the lower inner cavity of the piston end cover (26); the lower end of the supporting rod (5) is provided with a shaft head (37), the outer diameter of the shaft head (37) is larger than that of the supporting rod (5), the inner side of the shaft head (37) is provided with a stop end shoulder (16), the stop end seat (30) is provided with a stop end surface (17) and an inner hole (42), the inner diameter of the inner hole (42) is smaller than that of the shaft head (37) and larger than that of the supporting rod (5), the end head (33) of the piston end cover (26) is provided with an A end surface (23), and the distance from the B end surface (24) on the lifting piston (7) to the A end surface (23) is equal to the distance from the stop end shoulder (16) on the shaft head (37) to the stop end surface (17) on the stop end seat (30).

2. The automatic aligning and force augmenting support of claim 1, wherein, The clamping sleeve outer conical surface (29) of the clamping sleeve (4) is provided with a convex surface (40), the inner hole of the clamping sleeve (4) is provided with a concave surface (41), and the clamping sleeve (4) is provided with a shrinkage opening (19); the thrust piston (3) is provided with a thrust piston inner conical surface (28).

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