A method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for reconstructing and modeling archaeological cultural relics and managing data, specifically: using a three-dimensional scanner to scan the cultural relic model, during scanning, adjusting the rotation speed of the horizontal turntable according to the size of the cultural relic model, rotating the cultural relic model at a uniform speed for one circle, then turning the cultural relic model upside down and rotating it again for one circle to scan, and obtaining the completed three-dimensional scanning model data; importing the data measured by the three-dimensional scanner into a computer in real time, reconstructing the cultural relic data, obtaining a complete 3D model of the cultural relic, and generating 2D drawings required for the archaeological report according to the completed 3D model of the cultural relic; and systematically managing the archaeological excavation archives of the cultural relic model, the 3D model of the cultural relic and the 2D drawings. The present invention solves the defects of the prior art that long-term manual scanning is required and the data is unstable, and at the same time solves the problem of integrating and processing a large amount of cultural relic data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of archaeological cultural relics protection, and relates to a method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the continuous innovation and progress of technology has led to the rapid development of 3D scanners, especially in the accuracy and speed of scanning data. It has been widely used across the country, thus promoting 3D scanning technology to play a huge role in industrial manufacturing, medicine, entertainment, and protection of cultural relics.

[0003] Cultural relics are the cultural heritage left over from China's historical development and have high historical value to modern society. Due to improper preservation and other reasons, the cultural relics passed down from generation to generation have been damaged to varying degrees, and may even no longer exist. Therefore, the protection of cultural relics is imminent. Due to the many drawbacks of traditional cultural relic protection measures, with the rapid development of technology, cultural relic protection has been used in 3D scanners.

[0004] It is difficult for traditional cultural relic archives to preserve the details and colors of cultural relics. In order to protect cultural relics, it is impossible to conduct contact research and reproduction of cultural relics. Compared with general plane scanning or camera photography, 3D scanners are more accurate, faster, and have multi-angle and refined characteristics. They can collect 3D information of objects in the real world more completely into the computer. 3D scanning technology and 3D printing technology are new means of cultural relic data collection and restoration. Through 3D digital technology, without causing damage to or destruction of cultural relics, the collected cultural relic information can be converted into a data model, leaving a more accurate and complete high-precision digital archive for cultural relics. By quickly acquiring the 3D geometric data of objects and combining it with reverse engineering technology, virtual restoration of cultural relics can be completed.

[0005] The existing 3D scanning technology for archaeological relics basically uses manual handheld 3D scanners to perform all-round scanning of the relics. This method consumes a lot of time and will result in certain errors. In terms of subsequent processing, most of the existing methods are based on a single organization of relic models, 2D drawings, introductions, pictures and videos, and there is no effective and fast connection management model for processing relic scanning models and integrating relic information. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management, which solves the defects of the prior art that long-term manual scanning is required and the data is unstable, and at the same time solves the problem of integrating and processing a large amount of cultural relics data.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

[0008] Step 1, build a cultural relic scanning platform, which includes a horizontal turntable, a cultural relic model is placed at the center of the horizontal turntable, and a three-dimensional scanner capable of adjusting height and angle is arranged next to the horizontal turntable. The horizontal turntable can rotate at a variable speed under the drive of a motor;

[0009] Step 2: Use a 3D scanner to scan the cultural relic model. During scanning, adjust the rotation speed of the horizontal turntable according to the size of the cultural relic model. After rotating it at a constant speed for one circle, turn the cultural relic model upside down and rotate it again for one circle to obtain the completed 3D scanning model data.

[0010] Step 3: Import the data measured by the 3D scanner into the computer in real time, reconstruct the cultural relic data, obtain a complete 3D model of the cultural relic, and generate the 2D drawings required for the archaeological report based on the completed 3D model of the cultural relic;

[0011] Step 4: Systematically manage the archaeological excavation archives of the above-mentioned cultural relic models, cultural relic 3D models and 2D drawings.

[0012] The present invention is also characterized in that

[0013] Step 3 is as follows:

[0014] Upload the cultural relic model data obtained after the 3D scanning in step 2 to the Geomagic studi software for real-time repair to obtain a complete 3D model of the cultural relic. Then, based on the complete 3D model of the cultural relic, use the RhinoResurf plug-in, Boolean operations, and Mark 2D commands in the Rhino software to output the 2D drawings required for the archaeological report.

[0015] Step 3 is as follows:

[0016] Step 3.1, import the 3D scanning model data obtained in step 2 into Geomagic studio software, and then color the point cloud. Use the "reduce noise" command to smooth the points outside the deviation limit of 0 to 0.1 mm in the colored point cloud model, and then remove the noise outside the boundary of the cultural relic model to obtain a complete and smooth point cloud model.

[0017] Step 3.2, use the "encapsulate" command to build a mesh of the obtained smooth point cloud model to obtain a solidified cultural relic model, use the "zebra crossing" command to find out the disconnected parts of the curve, and use the "remove features" command to trim and delete them, and finally obtain a complete and smooth cultural relic solid model;

[0018] Step 3.3, save the complete and smooth solid model obtained in Geomagic studio software in stl format and import it into Rhino software, use the plug-in RhinoResurf to generate meshes and process smoothness to obtain polygonal mesh surfaces, and finally convert the polygonal mesh surfaces into Nurbs surfaces;

[0019] Step 3.4, import the Nurbs surface processed in Geomagic studio software in step 3.3 into Rhino software, use the built-in Boolean operation of Rhino software to cut the cultural relic model with a cube to obtain the cross-sectional view of each part, then enter "make2D" in the command bar to output the vector diagram of the cross-sectional contour line of the cultural relic model and export it in pdf format, finally mark its angle dimensions to complete the 2D drawing required for the archaeological report.

[0020] Step 4 is as follows: combining SQL Severe database technology and using the Visual Studio software platform to store pictures, 2D drawings, texts, videos, and 3D model information of cultural relics, and establishing a digital management module that integrates the functions of retrieval, modification, deletion, and addition of digital cultural relic information.

[0021] The specific method of establishing the digital management module in step 4 is as follows:

[0022] Step 4.1, create a new database interface using SQL Server database software;

[0023] Step 4.2, use vb.net language in Visual studio to create the overall operation control interface, and add a reference to the SQL Server database. The specific functions of the overall operation control interface are as follows:

[0024] (1) Write the functions of "serial number", "name", "material", "age", "size", "excavation site", "cultural relic picture", "cultural relic video" and "cultural relic introduction". The establishment method is as follows:

[0025] Create a "TextBox" control and edit the current text in "text", execute the writing of "serial number, name, material, age, size, excavation site, cultural relic picture path, cultural relic video path, cultural relic introduction path", edit the "sender" statement in each text, and write it into the table using the "handles" statement. Through the above operations, the text box and each information column in the database are matched one by one, and the basic information input box of the cultural relic is established; among them, the cultural relic 2D drawing path obtained in step 3 is also put into the "cultural relic picture" for corresponding storage;

[0026] (2) "Add" function, the establishment method is as follows:

[0027] Create a "Button" control to execute the visual table created by writing to the SQL Server database, so that after clicking the "Add" button, all the data in the text box will be immediately imported into the visual table;

[0028] (3) "Modify" function, the establishment method is as follows:

[0029] Create a "Button" control and write a "Query" query statement to replace the modified content with the text table in the original "TextBox", so that the newly entered text and the data in the old text box can be replaced in real time after clicking the "Modify" button;

[0030] (5) The display function of cultural relics is established as follows:

[0031] Create three functions of "Model", "Video" and "Introduction", create three "Button" controls and change the text boxes to "Model", "Video" and "Introduction", and write the corresponding model file path, video file path and cultural relic introduction file path in sequence. Through the above operations, the model, video and introduction information of each cultural relic are matched with the currently selected cultural relic serial number. When a cultural relic serial number is selected, click the "Model", "Video" and "Introduction" buttons to load the model data, video display and introduction document of the currently selected cultural relic immediately;

[0032] (5) “Cultural Relics Search” function:

[0033] First, create a "Button" control and input the text "Search". Use the "Query" query statement to read the corresponding information content of each cultural relic in the SQL Server database through keywords. Finally, create a "Search" button. When the user enters "keywords" in the input bar on the left, the relevant cultural relics are displayed one by one in the list of the control interface. The user selects the corresponding row of information as needed to perform subsequent operations.

[0034] When conducting specific cultural relics information management, the specific operation process is: edit a new cultural relic, fill in the "serial number, name, material, age, size, excavation site, cultural relic picture path, cultural relic video path, cultural relic introduction path" in the corresponding text box, and click the "Add" button to import the cultural relic data into the visualization table. If there is any text that needs to be re-edited, click the "Modify" button, enter the corresponding text to be modified and re-edit it into the visualization table.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are

[0036] 1. The invention discloses a method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management. Different from the conventional handheld 3D scanner scanning, the method greatly reduces the manual operation time through the cooperation between the 3D scanner and the turntable, and can conveniently obtain an accurate 3D scanning model of the cultural relics.

[0037] 2. The present invention provides a method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management. The model obtained by three-dimensional scanning can be quickly imported into the database, and the existing Geomagic studio software is used to establish an accurate 3D model and the existing Rhino software is used to generate the 2D map required for the archaeological report, so that the graphics are generated more quickly and conveniently;

[0038] 3. The present invention provides a method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management, which integrates multiple modules to establish a multifunctional digital management platform to achieve the preservation and management of cultural relics data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional scanning platform in a method for reconstructing modeling and data management of archaeological cultural relics of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of repairing cultural relic models and generating 2D drawings in a method for archaeological cultural relic reconstruction modeling and data management of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a functional diagram of a cultural relic digital information retrieval management system in a method for archaeological cultural relic reconstruction modeling and data management of the present invention.

[0043] In the picture, 1. 3D scanner, 2. cultural relic model, 3. horizontal turntable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0045] The overall process of the method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, firstly, a cultural relic scanning platform is established to quickly scan the cultural relic model. Secondly, the scanned graphics are imported into the existing Geomagicstudio software for further trimming. Then, the trimmed complete model is imported into the existing Rhino software to generate 2D drawings using the RhinoResurf plug-in. Then, the database is established using the existing SQL Severe database technology. Finally, the above modules are integrated to develop a self-developed data platform that integrates cultural relic archives, databases, and protection modules.

[0046] The structure of the cultural relics scanning platform of the present invention is as follows Figure 2 As shown, a horizontal turntable 3 carrying a cultural relic model 2 is placed at the center of the platform, and is driven by a motor to rotate at a variable speed; a three-dimensional scanner 1 with adjustable height and angle is set next to the turntable to scan the cultural relic model 2 at different angles;

[0047] The process of repairing the cultural relic model and generating 2D drawings in the present invention is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, firstly, the cultural relic model data obtained through the scanning platform is imported into the existing Geomagic studio software, and then the point cloud data and mesh function of the software are used to repair and generate a new smooth and complete polygonal mesh surface, and then the obtained data is imported into the existing Rhino software and converted into a Nurbs surface using the RhinoResurf plug-in, and then the model is cut through the "Boolean operation" command to obtain the required section view, and finally the section view is exported as a 2D drawing;

[0048] All functions of the digital management system of cultural relics in the present invention are as follows Figure 3 As shown, the management system can sort the cultural relics one by one and assign information such as name, material, age, size, and place of origin. It also provides links to pictures, videos, and introductions of the cultural relics for reference at any time. During use, the information of each of the above parts can be added and modified in real time.

[0049] The horizontal turntable 3 of the present invention is driven by a variable speed click, so that the cultural relic model 2 can rotate at a constant speed on the platform, thereby making the scanning process more stable and eliminating the need for manual handheld operation, saving a lot of manpower costs and ensuring the stability of the scanning;

[0050] The three-dimensional scanner 1 used in the present invention can move the lens in the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby obtaining different scanning angles, thereby ensuring the integrity of the scanned cultural relic image;

[0051] The cultural relic data scanned by the present invention can be uploaded to the existing Geomagic studio software in real time, and a complete model can be obtained by re-meshing and repairing the damaged surface, and the existing RhinoResurf plug-in, Boolean operation and Mark 2D command can be used in the existing Rhino software to output the 2D map required for the archaeological report;

[0052] The present invention uses the existing SQL Severe database technology and the Visual Studio software platform to integrate models, archives, digital protection modules, and digital restoration modules to establish a self-developed digital management module for cultural relics.

[0053] The specific real-time method is implemented according to the following steps:

[0054] Step 1, build a cultural relic scanning platform, which includes a horizontal turntable 3, a cultural relic model 2 is placed at the center of the horizontal turntable 3, and also includes a three-dimensional scanner 1 that can adjust the height and angle and is arranged next to the horizontal turntable 3. The horizontal turntable 3 can rotate at a variable speed under the drive of a motor;

[0055] Step 2, use the three-dimensional scanner 1 to scan the cultural relic model 2. During scanning, adjust the rotation speed of the horizontal turntable 3 according to the size of the cultural relic model 2. After rotating at a constant speed for one circle, turn the cultural relic model 2 upside down and rotate it again for one circle to obtain the completed three-dimensional scanning model data;

[0056] Step 3: Upload the cultural relic model data obtained after the 3D scanning in step 2 to Geomagic studi software, perform real-time repair to obtain a complete 3D model of the cultural relic, and then use the RhinoResurf plug-in, Boolean operations, and Mark 2D commands in Rhino software to output the 2D map required for the archaeological report based on the complete 3D model of the cultural relic, specifically:

[0057] Step 3.1, import the 3D scanning model data obtained in step 2 into Geomagic studio software, and then color the point cloud. Use the "reduce noise" command to smooth the points outside the deviation limit of 0 to 0.1 mm in the colored point cloud model, and then remove the noise outside the boundary of the cultural relic model to obtain a complete and smooth point cloud model.

[0058] Step 3.2, use the "encapsulate" command to build a mesh of the obtained smooth point cloud model to obtain a solidified cultural relic model, use the "zebra crossing" command to find out the disconnected parts of the curve, and use the "remove features" command to trim and delete them, and finally obtain a complete and smooth cultural relic solid model;

[0059] Step 3.3, save the complete and smooth solid model obtained in Geomagic studio software in stl format and import it into Rhino software, use the plug-in RhinoResurf to generate meshes and process smoothness to obtain polygonal mesh surfaces, and finally convert the polygonal mesh surfaces into Nurbs surfaces;

[0060] Step 3.4, import the Nurbs surface processed in Geomagic studio software in step 3.3 into Rhino software, use the built-in Boolean operation of Rhino software to cut the cultural relic model with a cube to obtain the cross-sectional view of each part, then enter "make2D" in the command bar to output the vector diagram of the cross-sectional contour line of the cultural relic model and export it in pdf format, finally mark its angle dimensions to complete the 2D drawing required for the archaeological report.

[0061] Step 4: Combine SQL Severe database technology and use Visual Studio software platform to store pictures, 2D drawings, texts, videos, and 3D model information of cultural relics, and establish a digital management module that integrates the functions of cultural relics digital information retrieval, modification, deletion, and addition. The digital management module is established in the following way:

[0062] Step 4.1, create a new database interface using SQL Server database software;

[0063] Step 4.2, use vb.net language in Visual studio to create the overall operation control interface, and add a reference to the SQL Server database. The specific functions of the overall operation control interface are as follows:

[0064] (1) Write the functions of "serial number", "name", "material", "age", "size", "excavation site", "cultural relic picture", "cultural relic video" and "cultural relic introduction". The establishment method is as follows:

[0065] Create a "TextBox" control and edit the current text in "text", execute the writing of "serial number, name, material, age, size, excavation site, cultural relic picture path, cultural relic video path, cultural relic introduction path", edit the "sender" statement in each text, and write it into the table using the "handles" statement. Through the above operations, the text box and each information column in the database are matched one by one, and the basic information input box of the cultural relic is established; among them, the cultural relic 2D drawing path obtained in step 3 is also put into the "cultural relic picture" for corresponding storage;

[0066] (2) "Add" function, the establishment method is as follows:

[0067] Create a "Button" control to execute the visual table created by writing to the SQL Server database, so that after clicking the "Add" button, all the data in the text box will be immediately imported into the visual table;

[0068] (3) "Modify" function, the establishment method is as follows:

[0069] Create a "Button" control and write a "Query" query statement to replace the modified content with the text table in the original "TextBox", so that the newly entered text and the data in the old text box can be replaced in real time after clicking the "Modify" button;

[0070] (5) The display function of cultural relics is established as follows:

[0071] Create three functions of "Model", "Video" and "Introduction", create three "Button" controls and change the text boxes to "Model", "Video" and "Introduction", and write the corresponding model file path, video file path and cultural relic introduction file path in sequence. Through the above operations, the model, video and introduction information of each cultural relic are matched with the currently selected cultural relic serial number. When a cultural relic serial number is selected, click the "Model", "Video" and "Introduction" buttons to load the model data, video display and introduction document of the currently selected cultural relic immediately;

[0072] (5) “Cultural Relics Search” function:

[0073] First, create a "Button" control and input the text "Search". Use the "Query" query statement to read the corresponding information content of each cultural relic in the SQL Server database through keywords. Finally, create a "Search" button. When the user enters "keywords" in the input bar on the left, the relevant cultural relics are displayed one by one in the list of the control interface. The user selects the corresponding row of information as needed to perform subsequent operations.

[0074] When conducting specific cultural relics information management, the specific operation process is: edit a new cultural relic, fill in the "serial number, name, material, age, size, excavation site, cultural relic picture path, cultural relic video path, cultural relic introduction path" in the corresponding text box, and click the "Add" button to import the cultural relic data into the visualization table. If there is any text that needs to be re-edited, click the "Modify" button, enter the corresponding text to be modified and re-edit it into the visualization table.

Claims

1. A method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: construct a cultural relic scanning platform, the cultural relic scanning platform comprising a horizontal turntable (3), a cultural relic model (2) being placed at the center of the horizontal turntable (3), and a three-dimensional scanner (1) capable of adjusting height and angle and arranged beside the horizontal turntable (3), the horizontal turntable (3) being capable of rotating at variable speeds under the drive of a motor; Step 2, use a three-dimensional scanner (1) to scan the cultural relic model (2). During scanning, adjust the rotation speed of the horizontal turntable (3) according to the size of the cultural relic model (2). After rotating the cultural relic model (2) at a constant speed for one circle, turn the cultural relic model (2) upside down and rotate it again for one circle to obtain the completed three-dimensional scanning model data; Step 3: Import the data measured by the three-dimensional scanner (1) into the computer in real time to reconstruct the cultural relic data, obtain a complete 3D model of the cultural relic, and generate a 2D drawing required for the archaeological report based on the completed 3D model of the cultural relic; Step 4: Systematically manage the archaeological excavation archives, 3D models and 2D drawings of the cultural relic models (2), specifically: combine SQL Severe database technology, use Visual Studio software platform to store pictures, 2D drawings, texts, videos and 3D model information of the cultural relics, and establish a digital management module that integrates the functions of retrieval, modification, deletion and addition of digital cultural relic information; The specific way to establish the digital management module is as follows: Step 4.1, create a new database interface using SQL Server database software; Step 4.2, use vb.net language in Visual studio to create the overall operation control interface, and add a reference to the SQL Server database. The specific functions of the overall operation control interface are as follows: (1) Create the functions of "Serial Number", "Name", "Material", "Age", "Size", "Origin of Excavation", "Cultural Relic Picture", "Cultural Relic Video" and "Cultural Relic Introduction". The creation method is as follows: Create a "TextBox" control and edit the current text in "text", execute the write "serial number, name, material, age, size, excavation site, cultural relic image path, cultural relic video path, cultural relic introduction path", edit the "sender" statement in each text, and write it into the table using the "handles" statement. Through the above operations, the text box and each information column in the database are matched one by one, and the basic information input box of the cultural relic is established; among them, the cultural relic 2D drawing path obtained in step 3 is also put into the "cultural relic picture" for corresponding storage; (2) "Add" function, the establishment method is as follows: Create a "Button" control to execute the visual table created by writing to the SQL Server database, so that after clicking the "Add" button, all the data in the text box will be immediately imported into the visual table; (3) "Modify" function, the establishment method is as follows: Create a "Button" control and write a "Query" query statement to replace the modified content with the text table in the original "TextBox", so that the newly entered text and the data in the old text box can be replaced in real time after clicking the "Modify" button; (5) The display function of cultural relics is established as follows: Create three functions: "Model", "Video", and "Introduction", create three "Button" controls and change the text boxes to "Model", "Video", and "Introduction", and write the corresponding model file path, video file path, and cultural relic introduction file path in sequence. Through the above operations, the model, video, and introduction information of each cultural relic are matched with the currently selected cultural relic serial number. When a cultural relic serial number is selected, click the "Model", "Video", and "Introduction" button to immediately load the model data, video display, and introduction document of the currently selected cultural relic; (5) "Cultural Relics Search" function: First, create a "Button" control to input the text "Search", and use the "Query" query statement to read the corresponding information content of each cultural relic in the SQL Server database through keywords. Finally, create a "Search" button. When the user enters "keywords" in the input bar on the left, the relevant cultural relics are displayed one by one in the list of the control interface. The user can select the corresponding row of information as needed to perform subsequent operations.

2. The method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 3 is specifically as follows: Upload the cultural relic model data obtained after the 3D scanning in step 2 to the Geomagic studi software for real-time repair to obtain a complete 3D model of the cultural relic. Then, based on the complete 3D model of the cultural relic, use the RhinoResurf plug-in, Boolean operations, and Mark 2D commands in the Rhino software to output the 2D drawings required for the archaeological report.

3. The method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step 3 is specifically as follows: Step 3.1, import the 3D scanning model data obtained in step 2 into Geomagic studio software, and then color the point cloud. Use the "reduce noise" command to smooth the points outside the deviation limit of 0~0.1mm in the colored point cloud model, and then remove the noise outside the boundary of the cultural relic model to obtain a complete and smooth point cloud model. Step 3.2, use the "encapsulate" command to build a mesh of the obtained smooth point cloud model to obtain a solidified cultural relic model, use the "zebra crossing" command to find out the disconnected parts of the curve, and use the "remove features" command to trim and delete them, and finally obtain a complete and smooth cultural relic solid model; Step 3.3, save the complete and smooth solid model obtained in Geomagic studio software in stl format and import it into Rhino software, use the plug-in RhinoResurf to generate meshes and process smoothness to obtain polygonal mesh surfaces, and finally convert the polygonal mesh surfaces into Nurbs surfaces; Step 3.4, import the Nurbs surface processed in Geomagic studio software in step 3.3 into Rhino software, use the built-in Boolean operation of Rhino software to cut the cultural relic model with a cube to obtain the cross-sectional view of each part, then enter "make2D" in the command bar to output the vector diagram of the cross-sectional contour line of the cultural relic model and export it as a pdf file, finally mark its angle dimensions to complete the 2D drawing required for the archaeological report.

4. The method for archaeological cultural relics reconstruction modeling and data management according to claim 1, characterized in that: When conducting specific cultural relics information management, the specific operation process is: edit a new cultural relic, fill in the "serial number, name, material, age, size, excavation site, cultural relic picture path, cultural relic video path, cultural relic introduction path" in the corresponding text box, and click the "Add" button to import the cultural relic data into the visualization table. If there is any text that needs to be re-edited, click the "Modify" button, enter the corresponding text to be modified, and re-edit it into the visualization table.

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