A quantum physics twinning method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a quantum physics twin method and system, the method comprises the following steps: measuring a completely closed microcosmic dynamics system to be researched, obtaining a digitized initial state of the microcosmic dynamics system described by a density matrix; for a Markov approximation case, adopting a lindblad master equation to describe evolution of the microcosmic dynamics system based on the initial state, obtaining a result state of the microcosmic dynamics system; and applying the initial state and the result state. The application proposes a quantum physics twin system corresponding to a microcosmic system, and the idea of twinning is used to research dynamic processes in microcosmic systems such as quantum optics, quantum biology and quantum statistical mechanics in a digital world, the microcosmic system is researched as a digital model, and application of the microcosmic system is considered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of quantum technology, and in particular to a quantum physics twin method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In reality, we often need to know the properties of an object, but often there are cost, actual conditions limit and other problems, making it difficult to understand. For macroscopic objects, digital twins can be used to establish a digital model corresponding to the physical entity in the digital space. Using this digital model, we can simulate many situations in advance and optimize the model for the problems reflected in these situations, and finally feed back the results to the physical entity. Specifically, the following operations can be performed: set a physical engine (such as collision, free fall, etc.) for the simulated situation, apply the engine to the model, and collect the parameters of the model after application for analysis and optimization.

[0003] The dynamics process on the macroscopic level can be obtained by the digital corresponding process, but in some cases the influence of the microscopic level cannot be ignored, such as quantum optics, quantum biology or dynamics process in quantum statistical mechanics. Today, there are methods to understand the time evolution of quantum systems by solving their effective motion equations (also known as master equations), but most of them are used as experimental processes and do not concern the application to the microscopic system.

[0004] Therefore, a quantum physics twin method and system are provided, which integrates from the microscopic system to its application. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a quantum physics twin method and system.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect of the present application, a quantum physics twin method is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Measuring a completely closed microscopic dynamics system to be studied to obtain a digitized initial state ρ(t0) of the microscopic dynamics system described by a density matrix;

[0009] For the Markov approximation case, the lindblad master equation is used to describe the evolution of the microscopic dynamics system based on the initial state ρ(t0), and the result state ρ(t1) of the microscopic dynamics system is obtained;

[0010] Applying the initial state ρ(t0) and the result state ρ(t1).

[0011] Further, the measurement of the completely closed microscopic dynamics system to be studied is performed to obtain the initial state ρ(t0) of the digitized microscopic dynamics system described by the density matrix, comprising:

[0012] The completely closed microscopic dynamics system selected for twin study includes a quantum optics system, a quantum biology system, and a quantum statistical mechanics system;

[0013] The quantum system is measured by the measuring device to obtain the digitized initial state ρ(t0).

[0014] Further, the Markov approximation case includes not considering the influence of the past system state on the present system; the form of the Lindblad master equation is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, represents the Planck constant, i represents the imaginary unit, H represents the Hamiltonian, ρ represents the state of the quantum system, i.e., the density matrix, N represents the dimension, m and n represent the index, h represents the semi-positive definite coefficient matrix, A represents an arbitrary orthonormal basis in the Hilbert space, represents the conjugate transpose of A; the value range of m and n is 1 to N 2 -1;

[0017] For the Markov approximation case, the evolution of the microscopic dynamics system based on the initial state ρ(t0) is described by the Lindblad master equation to obtain the final state ρ(t1) of the microscopic dynamics system, comprising:

[0018] The Hamiltonian H is obtained from the system and the environment: H = H S + H B + V, wherein H S represents the system Hamiltonian, H B represents the environment Hamiltonian, and V represents the system and environment coupling data.

[0019] The values of h and A in the Lindblad master equation are determined;

[0020] The time evolution problem is considered, and it is considered that the Hamiltonian is time-dependent; further, it is considered that the right side of the Lindblad master equation is a transformation of ρ, and the operator is called the Lindblad operator. The Lindblad master equation is rewritten into a second form:

[0021]

[0022] The initial state ρ(t0) is brought into the second form of the Lindblad master equation to obtain the That is, the result state ρ(t1).

[0023] Further, the solving of the second form of the Lindblad master equation with the initial state ρ(t0) includes:

[0024] For aperiodic processes, the second form of the differential equation containing L(t) is solved directly; for periodic processes with low dimension, the ρ is transformed first and then solved, and the transformation method is: Where φ is the matrix corresponding to ρ.

[0025] Further, the application of the initial state ρ(t0) and the result state ρ(t1) includes one or more of the following steps:

[0026] Comparing the analysis results of the initial state ρ(t0) and the result state ρ(t1) deepens the understanding of the process;

[0027] Considering the results of the result state ρ(t1), the model is optimized by methods including machine learning;

[0028] The feedback results are used to improve and test the physical entity;

[0029] A large number of analysis learning processes and evolution results are stored for multiple uses or for other objects;

[0030] The microscopic system of the result state ρ(t1) may have an impact on the macroscopic system, making the physical system research more accurate.

[0031] The second aspect of the present application provides a quantum physics twin system, comprising:

[0032] An initial state acquisition module of a microscopic dynamic system is configured to measure a completely closed microscopic dynamic system to be researched, and acquire a digitized initial state ρ(t0) of the microscopic dynamic system described by a density matrix.

[0033] A result state acquisition module of a microscopic dynamic system is configured to, for a Markov approximation, describe the evolution of the microscopic dynamic system based on the initial state ρ(t0) by using a Lindblad master equation, and obtain a result state ρ(t1) of the microscopic dynamic system.

[0034] A data application module is configured to apply the initial state ρ(t0) and the result state ρ(t1).

[0035] Further, in the initial state acquisition module of the microscopic dynamic system, the completely closed microscopic dynamic system to be researched is measured, and the digitized initial state ρ(t0) of the microscopic dynamic system described by the density matrix is acquired.

[0036] Microscopic dynamics system selection sub-module: select a completely closed microscopic dynamics system of twin studies, the microscopic dynamics system including a quantum optics system, a quantum biology system, a quantum statistical mechanics system;

[0037] Initial state measurement and calculation sub-module: measuring the quantum system through a measuring device to obtain a digitized initial state ρ(t0).

[0038] Further, the Markov approximation case includes not considering the influence of the past system state on the present system; the form of the lindblad master equation is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, represents the Planck constant, i represents an imaginary unit, H represents a Hamiltonian, ρ represents the state of a quantum system, i.e. a density matrix, N represents a dimension, m and n represent indices, h represents a semi-positive definite coefficient matrix, A represents an arbitrary orthonormal basis in a Hilbert space, represents the conjugate transpose of A; the value range of m and n is 1 to N 2 -1;

[0041] In the microscopic dynamics system result state acquisition module, for the Markov approximation case, the lindblad master equation is used to describe the evolution of the microscopic dynamics system based on the initial state ρ(t0), to obtain the result state ρ(t1) of the microscopic dynamics system, including:

[0042] Hamiltonian calculation sub-module: used to obtain the Hamiltonian H from the system and the environment: H=H S +H B +V, wherein H S represents the system Hamiltonian, H B represents the environment Hamiltonian, and V represents the system and environment coupling data;

[0043] Lindblad master equation numerical determination sub-module: used to determine the numerical values of h and A in the lindblad master equation;

[0044] Lindblad master equation rewriting sub-module: considering the time evolution problem, it is considered that the Hamiltonian is time-dependent; further, it is considered that the right side of the lindblad master equation is a transformation of ρ, and the operator is called a lindblad operator, and the lindblad master equation is rewritten into a second form:

[0045]

[0046] Result state solving submodule: used to bring the initial state ρ(t0) into the second form of Lindblad master equation to solve, and the obtained That is, the result state ρ(t1).

[0047] Further, in the result state solving submodule, the initial state ρ(t0) is brought into the second form of Lindblad master equation to solve, and the solving includes:

[0048] Non-periodic solving unit: for non-periodic processes, the second form of differential equation containing L(t) is directly solved;

[0049] Periodic solving unit: for periodic processes with low dimension, the ρ is transformed and then solved, and the transformation mode is: Wherein φ is the matrix corresponding to ρ.

[0050] Further, in the data application module, the initial state ρ(t0) and the result state ρ(t1) are applied, and one or more of the following are included:

[0051] Comparative analysis submodule: the analysis results of the initial state ρ(t0) and the result state ρ(t1) are compared to deepen the understanding of the process;

[0052] Model optimization submodule: considering the result of the result state ρ(t1), the model is optimized by using methods including machine learning;

[0053] Physical entity feedback submodule: the feedback results are used to improve and test the physical entity;

[0054] Data storage submodule: a large number of analysis learning processes and evolution results are stored for multiple uses or uses for other objects;

[0055] Macroscopic influence research submodule: the microcosmic system of the result state ρ(t1) may have an influence on the macroscopic system, so that the physical system research is more accurate.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0057] (1) In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a quantum physical twin system corresponding to a microcosmic system is provided, and the twin idea is used to study the dynamic process of the microcosmic system such as quantum optics, quantum biology and quantum statistical mechanics in the digital world.

[0058] (2) In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, for the case of Markov approximation, the evolution of the microscopic dynamics system based on the initial state ρ(t0) is described by using the Lindblad master equation, and the resulting state ρ(t1) of the microscopic dynamics system is obtained, and a specific implementation thereof is disclosed.

[0059] (3) In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, for a low-dimensional periodic process, assuming that the period is T, because it is in the form of Floquet differential equation theory, a transformation can be performed where φ is a matrix corresponding to ρ, and after transformation, it is a constant differential equation about φ, and φ is solved to reduce the complexity of solving.

[0060] (4) In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, a specific implementation of applying the initial state ρ(t0) and the resulting state ρ(t1) is disclosed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 A flowchart of a quantum physics twin method provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 2 A calculation process of an initial state measurement provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 3 A flowchart of step S03 provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 4 A relationship diagram of a Hamiltonian provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 5 An application diagram of step S05 provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0067] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the direction or positional relationship belonging to "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like described in the accompanying drawings is the direction or positional relationship described based on the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0068] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] The terms used in the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein means and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0070] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present application to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "when" or "in response to determining". In addition, "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0071] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict.

[0072] Reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of the present application shows a flowchart of a quantum physics twin method, comprising the following steps:

[0073] S01: measuring the completely closed microscopic dynamic system to be studied, obtaining the initial state p(t0) of the digitized microscopic dynamic system described by the density matrix.

[0074] In particular, in this exemplary embodiment, in the base layer of step S01, the initial state of the microscopic system is measured, and the measurement result is digitized to obtain a 'twin' of the measured system. Since the measurement of the microscopic state causes the state to collapse into one of its eigenstates, a new mixed state ensemble is prepared after the measurement, and the mixed state is represented by the density matrix p. After the measurement, we are only interested in the properties of the state after the measurement, and since the measurement has occurred, the measurement result can be considered equivalent to the original system state, so we can study the digitized model of the measured state (i.e., p) as the twin of the original system. The process is shown in Figure 2 Figure 2 After measuring the initial state, it is recorded as p(t0) (i.e., p in

[0075] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the measurement of the completely closed microscopic dynamic system to be studied in step S01 obtains the digitized initial state p(t0) of the microscopic dynamic system described by the density matrix, including:

[0076] S0101: Select a completely closed microscopic dynamic system for twin study, the microscopic dynamic system including a quantum optics system, a quantum biology system, and a quantum statistical mechanics system;

[0077] First, the microscopic system to be studied by the twin is selected. For a microscopic dynamic process, we are interested in the change of the state of the entire microscopic system, and for the process result, we can know from the final state. For example, for photon radiation of a quantum optics system, the initial state represents the quantum state of the system before radiation, and the density matrix is used to describe the state of the system at a certain time.

[0078] S0103: Measure the quantum system by a measurement device to obtain the digitized initial state p(t0).

[0079] As previously described, according to the basic assumptions of quantum mechanics, the state of the system will collapse to one of its eigenstates after measurement. In order to obtain the characteristics of the system, multiple measurements are required, and the result of the last measurement is a mixed state of the original microscopic state according to the statistical probability of the measurement method. It is worth noting that the original system will collapse after measurement, so we are interested in the evolution, properties, and effects of the existing microscopic system. And because each measurement is to measure the properties of a certain observable quantity, we use the measurement device to make multiple measurements to obtain all the information of the quantum system.

[0080] The measurement device can be a polarized light measurement device or a magnetic resonance device, which is selected according to the actual field and situation.

[0081] ​The initial state p(t0) in step S0103 is a mixed state obtained by multiple measurements.

[0082] S03: For the case of Markov approximation, the evolution of the microscopic dynamic system based on the initial state p(t0) is described by the Lindblad master equation to obtain the final state p(t1) of the microscopic dynamic system.

[0083] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the microscopic system is simulated in the evolution layer of step S02. We have obtained the initial state of the microscopic system in step S01, and now we are interested in the final state (i.e., the final state) of the system. For a general microscopic system, it should be a mixed state, described by the density matrix p. In a completely closed system, the evolution of any initial state can be completely determined by the unitary evolution given by the Hamiltonian, and the microscopic dynamic evolution is known. However, for 'twin' analysis, the real environment should be simulated, so the influence of the external environment (H B +V).

[0084] For the evolution problem of quantum open system (Markov approximation quantum open system evolution problem, without considering the influence of past system state on present system), in an exemplary embodiment, the method of master equation is adopted, and the evolution of N-dimensional quantum system over time obeys the quantum master equation under Markov approximation:

[0085]

[0086] This is called the Lindblad master equation of N-dimensional system, A is any orthogonal on the Hilbert space of the system. The coefficient matrix h determines the system dynamics together with the Hamiltonian. In the formula, represents the Planck constant, i represents the imaginary unit, H represents the Hamiltonian, p represents the state of the quantum system, i.e., the density matrix, N represents the dimension, m and n represent the index, h represents the semi-positive definite coefficient matrix, A represents any orthogonal basis in the Hilbert space, represents the conjugate transpose of A; the value range of m and n is 1 to N 2 -1.

[0087] Correspondingly, in this exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 S03: For the case of Markov approximation, the evolution of the microscopic dynamic system based on the initial state p(t0) is described by the Lindblad master equation to obtain the final state p(t1) of the microscopic dynamic system.

[0088] S0301: As shown in Figure 4 , the Hamiltonian H is obtained from the system and the environment: H = H S + H B + V, where H Srepresents a system Hamiltonian, H B represents an environment Hamiltonian, V represents system and environment coupling data;

[0089] S0303: determining the numerical value of h and A in the Lindblad master equation;

[0090] In this step S0303, A is any N^2-1 orthogonal basis, which satisfies that A is full rank; h is a coefficient matrix, and the value is determined according to the specific system dynamics.

[0091] S0305: Considering the time evolution problem, it is considered that the Hamiltonian contains time; further considering that the right side of the Lindblad master equation is a transformation of p, the operator is called the Lindblad operator, and the Lindblad master equation is rewritten into a second form:

[0092]

[0093] S0307: Bringing the initial state p(t0) into the second form of the Lindblad master equation to solve, and obtaining is the result state p(t1).

[0094] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the bringing of the initial state p(t0) into the second form of the Lindblad master equation includes:

[0095] For aperiodic processes, solve by directly solving the second form differential equation containing L(t); for periodic processes with low dimension, first transform p and then solve, and the transformation method is: Wherein φ is a matrix corresponding to p.

[0096] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, for problems with too high dimension, we do not discuss it because it is too complex. For periodic processes with low dimension, assume that the period is T, because it is in the form of Floquet differential equation theory, it can be transformed Wherein φ is a matrix corresponding to p, and after transformation, it is a constant differential equation about φ, and φ is solved to reduce the complexity of solving. At the same time, in one of the exemplary embodiments, the "low dimension" refers to 7 dimensions or less.

[0097] It should be noted that the second form of the Lindblad master equation is in the form of Floquet differential equation theory. In some microcosmic systems with periodic dynamics, assume that the period is T. Then it can be transformed Wherein φ is a matrix corresponding to p. In addition L FThe Floquet-Lindblad operator is obtained. F It is more efficient. F It is possible that there is no

[0098] According to the above method, the Lindblad operator and the Floquet-Lindblad operator (in the process) are simplified, and finally the final state ρ(t1) of the microscopic system can be obtained.

[0099] S05: applying the initial state ρ(t0) and the final state ρ(t1).

[0100] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the applying the initial state ρ(t0) and the final state ρ(t1) in step S05 comprises one or more of the following steps:

[0101] S0501: comparing the analysis results of the initial state ρ(t0) and the final state ρ(t1) to deepen the understanding of the process; specifically, as the two states before and after are compared, it is found that the system changes, and it is known that this process will cause such changes.

[0102] S0503: considering the results of the final state ρ(t1), optimizing the system by methods including machine learning; specifically, this means approaching a desired result, and a more suitable Hamiltonian can be calculated, and then it can be achieved by changing the environment.

[0103] S0505: obtaining feedback results to improve and test physical entities; specifically, the original system can be tested to see what it will become, and the environment and process can be changed.

[0104] S0507: storing a large number of analysis learning processes and evolution results for multiple uses or for other objects;

[0105] S0509: studying the possible influence of the microscopic system of the final state ρ(t1) on the macroscopic system, so as to make the study of the physical system more accurate; specifically, the influence of the final state on the macroscopic process is considered.

[0106] Specifically, for a quantum optical system, if it is a radiation analysis of photons, the optimization in step S0503 can be the adjustment of the external field strength, and the entity in step S0505 is the system to be studied. If it is an analysis of the exciton state in photosynthesis, the optimization in step S0503 can be the optimization of light intensity.

[0107] The second aspect of the present application provides a quantum physical twin system, comprising:

[0108] Initial state acquisition module for microdynamic systems: used to measure the completely closed microdynamic system under study and acquire the digitized initial state ρ(t0) of the microdynamic system described by the density matrix;

[0109] The module for obtaining the final state of the microdynamic system is used to describe the evolution of the microdynamic system based on the initial state ρ(t0) using the Lindblad master equation for the Markov approximation case, and obtain the final state ρ(t1) of the microdynamic system.

[0110] Data application module: used to apply the initial state ρ(t0) and the result state ρ(t1).

[0111] Correspondingly, in an exemplary embodiment, the initial state acquisition module of the microscopic dynamic system measures the completely closed microscopic dynamic system under study to acquire the digitized initial state ρ(t0) of the microscopic dynamic system described by the density matrix, including:

[0112] Microscopic Dynamics System Selection Submodule: Selects a completely closed microscopic dynamics system for twin research, including quantum optical systems, quantum biological systems, and quantum statistical mechanics systems;

[0113] Initial state measurement and calculation submodule: The quantum system is measured using a measurement device to obtain the digitized initial state ρ(t0).

[0114] Correspondingly, in an exemplary embodiment, the Markov approximation includes cases where the influence of past system states on the present system is not considered; the Lindblad master equation takes the following form:

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, Let represent Planck's constant, i represent the imaginary unit, H represent the Hamiltonian, ρ represent the state density matrix of the quantum system, N represent the dimension, m and n represent subscripts, h represent the positive semi-definite coefficient matrix, and A represent any orthogonal basis in Hilbert space. This represents the conjugate transpose of A; the values ​​of m and n are both from 1 to N. 2 -1;

[0117] In the microdynamic system outcome state acquisition module, for the Markov approximation case, the Lindblad master equation is used to describe the evolution of the microdynamic system based on the initial state ρ(t0), obtaining the outcome state ρ(t1) of the microdynamic system, including:

[0118] Hamiltonian calculation submodule: used to obtain the Hamiltonian H from the system and environment: H = HS +H B +V, wherein H S represents the system Hamiltonian, H B represents the environment Hamiltonian, V represents the system and environment coupling data;

[0119] lindblad master equation numerical determination submodule: used to determine the numerical value of h and A in the lindblad master equation;

[0120] lindblad master equation rewriting submodule: considering the problem of evolution over time, it is considered that the Hamiltonian is time-dependent; further, it is considered that the right side of the lindblad master equation is a transformation on p, and the operator is called the lindblad operator, and the lindblad master equation is rewritten into a second form:

[0121]

[0122] result state solving submodule: used to bring the initial state p(t0) into the second form of the lindblad master equation for solving, and the obtained is the result state p(t1).

[0123] Correspondingly, in an exemplary embodiment, the result state solving submodule: the initial state p(t0) is brought into the second form of the lindblad master equation for solving, which includes:

[0124] non-periodic solving unit: for non-periodic processes, the second form of the differential equation containing L(t) is solved directly;

[0125] periodic solving unit: for periodic processes with low dimension, the p is transformed and then solved, and the transformation method is: wherein φ is a matrix corresponding to p.

[0126] Correspondingly, in an exemplary embodiment, in the data application module, the initial state p(t0) and the result state p(t1) are applied, including one or more of:

[0127] comparison and analysis submodule: comparing and analyzing the results of the initial state p(t0) and the result state p(t1) to deepen the understanding of the process;

[0128] model optimization submodule: considering the results of the result state p(t1), the model is optimized by methods including machine learning;

[0129] physical entity feedback submodule: obtaining feedback results to improve and test the physical entity;

[0130] Data storage submodule: store a large number of analysis learning processes and evolution results for multiple uses or for other objects;

[0131] Macroscopic influence research submodule: the microcosmic system of the result state p(t1) may have an influence on the macroscopic system, so that the research on the physical system is more accurate.

[0132] The inventive concept of the exemplary embodiment of the system is the same as that of the exemplary embodiment of the method, and the same description as the exemplary embodiment of the method is not repeated here.

[0133] Another exemplary embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus, which has the same inventive concept as the above exemplary embodiments, and comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores computer instructions executable on the processor, and the processor executes the steps of the quantum physics twin method based on the computer instructions.

[0134] The electronic device is in the form of a general computing device. The components of the electronic device can include but are not limited to the above-mentioned at least one processing unit, the above-mentioned at least one storage unit, and a bus connecting different system components including the storage unit and the processing unit.

[0135] The storage unit stores program codes executable by the processing unit, so that the processing unit executes the steps described in the above "exemplary method" section of the present specification according to various exemplary embodiments of the present application. For example, the processing unit can execute the method as shown in Figure 1

[0136] The storage unit can include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access memory (RAM) 3201 and / or a cache memory unit, and can further include a read-only memory (ROM).

[0137] The storage unit can also include programs / utilities with a set of (at least one) program modules, such as an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which or some combination of which can include the implementation of a network environment.

[0138] The bus can be one or more of several types of bus structures, including a storage unit bus or storage unit controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processing unit bus, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.

[0139] ​The electronic device can also communicate with one or more external devices such as a keyboard or a pointing device, through an I / O interface. The electronic device can communicate with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with it through the I / O interface. The electronic device can also communicate with one or more devices or networks that enable the electronic device to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication can occur via an I / O interface. Also, the electronic device can communicate with one or more networks such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and / or the public network, such as the Internet, through a network adapter. The network adapter communicates with the other modules of the electronic device through the bus. It should be appreciated that other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with the electronic device. These include, but are not limited to, microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data archival storage systems, etc.

[0140] Through the above description, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software, or by software in combination with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the example embodiments can be embodied in the form of a software product. The software product can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a U disk, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes a number of instructions to enable a computing device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a terminal device, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the example embodiments.

[0141] According to the same inventive concept as the above example embodiments, another example embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, the computer instructions being executed to perform the steps of the quantum physics twin method.

[0142] Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present embodiment or the part of the technical solution that essentially contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product (program product). The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions to enable a computing device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0143] The program product can employ any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer-readable media can be a computer-readable storage medium or a computer-readable signal medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0144] The computer-readable signal medium can include a computer-readable storage medium that is configured to store and deliver a computer-readable program code. The computer-readable program code can be propagated as a computer-readable signal medium.

[0145] The computer-readable signal medium can include a computer-readable storage medium that is configured to store and deliver a computer-readable program code. The computer-readable program code can be propagated as a computer-readable signal medium.

[0146] The program code can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C++, or the like, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's computing device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection can be made to an external computing device, such as through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider. The program code can also be downloaded to the user's computing device from the remote computing device or server.

[0147] Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, it is not necessary or possible to enumerate all the embodiments. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A quantum physics twinning method characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: measuring a completely closed microscopic dynamical system under study, obtaining a digitized initial state of the microscopic dynamical system described by a density matrix ; For the Markovian approximation case, the microscopic dynamics system is described by the Lindblad master equation based on the evolution of the initial state to obtain the final state of the microscopic dynamics system ; application to the initial state and the result state application; The Markov approximation case, including not considering the past system state to the present system influence; The lindblad master equation form as follows: ； wherein represents Planck's constant, i represents the imaginary unit, H represents the Hamiltonian, represents the state of the quantum system, i.e. the density matrix, N represents the dimension, m and n represent indices, represents a semi-positive definite coefficient matrix, represents an arbitrary orthonormal basis in the Hilbert space, represents the conjugate transpose of A; m and n have a value ranging from 1 to N 2 -1 ; For the case of Markov approximation, the microscopic dynamics system is described by the Lindblad master equation based on the evolution of the initial state to obtain the final state of the microscopic dynamics system , comprising: The Hamiltonian H is obtained from the system and the environment: where Hsysrepresents the Hamiltonian of the system, Henvrepresents the Hamiltonian of the environment, Hsys-envrepresents the coupling data between the system and the environment; Determine the value of h and A in the lindblad master equation; Consideration is given to the problem of evolution in time, considering that the Hamiltonian explicitly contains time; further considering that the right side of the equation of the Lindblad master equation is a transformation of the operators, called Lindblad operators, rewriting the Lindblad master equation in a second form: ； The initial state is brought into the second form of the Lindblad master equation to solve The resulting state ; applying the initial state and the result state comprises one or more of the following steps: Comparing the initial state with the results of the analysis of the result state deepens the understanding of the process; considering the results state optimizing the model with methods including machine learning; Get the feedback results to improve, test the physical entity; The analysis learning process and evolution results are stored for multiple use or for other objects; The results of the study The influence of the microscopic system on the macroscopic makes the study of physical systems more accurate.

2. The quantum physics twinning method of claim 1, wherein: measuring the completely closed microscopic dynamical system to be studied, obtaining a digitized initial state of the microscopic dynamical system described by a density matrix comprising: Select the completely closed microdynamic system of twin studies, including quantum optics system, quantum biology system, quantum statistical mechanics system; The quantum system is measured by a measuring device to obtain a digitized initial state .

3. The quantum physics twinning method of claim 1, wherein: The initial state The second form of the Lindblad master equation is brought into the solution, including: For aperiodic processes, direct decomposition is used. Solve the second form of the differential equation; for periodic processes with low dimension, first... The solution is obtained after a transformation, and the transformation method is as follows: ,in It corresponds to The matrix; the term "low dimension" refers to 7 dimensions or less.

4. A quantum physics twin system, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: Microcosmic kinetics system initial state acquisition module: used for measuring the completely closed microcosmic kinetics system to be researched, and acquiring the digitized initial state of the microcosmic kinetics system described by a density matrix ; microscopic dynamics system result state obtaining module: for the case of Markov approximation, a lindblad master equation is used to describe the evolution of the microscopic dynamics system based on the initial state to obtain the result state of the microscopic dynamics system ​ data application module: for applying the initial state and the result state ; The Markov approximation case, including not considering the past system state to the present system influence; The lindblad master equation form as follows: ； wherein represents Planck's constant, i represents the imaginary unit, H represents the Hamiltonian, represents the state of the quantum system, i.e. the density matrix, N represents the dimension, m and n represent indices, represents a positive semi-definite coefficient matrix, represents an arbitrary orthonormal basis in the Hilbert space, represents the conjugate transpose of A; m and n have a value ranging from 1 to N 2 -1 ; In the micro-kinetics system result state acquisition module, for the Markov approximation case, the lindblad master equation is used to describe the evolution of the micro-kinetics system based on the initial state to obtain the result state of the micro-kinetics system , comprising: Hamiltonian calculation submodule: used for obtaining the Hamiltonian H from the system and the environment: wherein Hsysrepresents the Hamiltonian of the system, Henvrepresents the Hamiltonian of the environment, represents the coupling data of the system and the environment; The lindblad master equation value determination submodule: for determining the value of h and A in the lindblad master equation; Lindblad master equation rewriting submodule: considering the time evolution problem, it is considered that the Hamiltonian contains time; further, it is considered that the right side of the Lindblad master equation is a transformation of , the operator is called the Lindblad operator, and the Lindblad master equation is rewritten into a second form: ； Result state solving submodule: for bringing the initial state into the second form of the lindblad master equation to solve, the obtained is the result state ; The data application module applies the initial state and the result state , including one or more of: Comparative analysis submodule: comparing the initial state with the analysis of the resulting state deepens the understanding of the process; Model optimization submodule: considering the result state optimizing the model with methods including machine learning, considering the result state; Physical entity feedback submodule: get the feedback results to improve, test the physical entity; Data storage submodule: the analysis learning process and evolution results are stored for multiple use or for other objects; Macroscopic influence research submodule: research results state The influence of the microscopic system on the macroscopic makes the research on the physical system more accurate.

5. The quantum physics twin system of claim 4, wherein: The micro-kinetics system initial state acquisition module measures the completely closed micro-kinetics system to be researched to acquire the digitized initial state of the micro-kinetics system described by the density matrix , comprising: Microdynamic system selection submodule: select the completely closed microdynamic system of twin studies, including quantum optics system, quantum biology system, quantum statistical mechanics system; Initial state measurement and calculation submodule: measuring the quantum system through a measuring device to obtain a digitized initial state .

6. The quantum physics twin system of claim 4, wherein: The result state solving submodule: in the initial state The second form of the Lindblad master equation is brought into the solution, including: Non-periodic solving unit: for non-periodic processes, by solving directly the differential equations in the second form ; Period solving unit: for the period process with low dimension, first transform and then solve, the transform way is: , wherein is the matrix corresponding to ; the low dimension means 7 dimensions or less.

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