Evaluation equipment and evaluation method for leakage and overflow monitoring instruments of three high gas wells

Abstract

The present invention discloses an evaluation device for a leakage and overflow monitoring device for a three-high gas well, which includes: a wellbore module, which includes a casing and a drill tool assembly inserted therein, and the drill tool assembly is a drill pipe, a drill collar and a drill bit from top to bottom; a drilling fluid circulation module, which is used to circulate the drilling fluid in the wellbore module; an overflow simulation module, which is used to introduce the experimental gas into the wellbore module; a leakage simulation module, which is used to lead the drilling fluid out of the wellbore module; a monitoring device to be evaluated, which is connected to the drill collar; and a data acquisition and analysis module, which is connected to the monitoring device to be evaluated, the overflow simulation module and the leakage simulation module. The present invention also discloses an evaluation method for a leakage and overflow monitoring device for a three-high gas well. The present invention simulates the working conditions of leakage and early overflow, evaluates the downhole overflow monitoring device, provides a basis and support for the development of overflow monitoring technology, and reduces blowout accidents caused by missing the best well control opportunity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of gas well control safety technology in oil and gas resource development, and in particular to an evaluation device and an evaluation method for a three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring instrument. Background Art

[0002] The "three-high" oil and gas fields refer to oil and gas fields with the characteristics of high reserve abundance, high gas reservoir pressure, and high hydrogen sulfide content. With the increasing domestic energy demand, in order to ensure the security of my country's energy strategy, my country's oil exploration efforts have been continuously strengthened and the exploration scope has been continuously expanded. More and more "three-high" blocks in the southwest and northwest have entered the development scope.

[0003] Due to the presence of high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, there are many major risks in the exploration and development of the three high oil and gas fields. Among them, blowouts and well leakage during the drilling process are both high-risk accidents. Blowout refers to the phenomenon that formation fluids continuously and uncontrollably flow into the wellbore and spray out of the ground, generally including well invasion-overflow-well gushing-blowout-out-of-control blowout. Well leakage refers to a complex underground situation in which the drilling fluid directly enters the formation under the action of pressure difference during the drilling operation, and severe well leakage can induce blowouts. At present, domestic drilling sites mainly use ground drilling fluid pool level monitoring, wellbore inlet and outlet flow monitoring and downhole monitoring methods to determine the occurrence of overflow or well leakage in the wellbore.

[0004] The surface drilling fluid pool level monitoring method is to monitor the drilling fluid level in the surface drilling fluid pool. If the drilling fluid level in the drilling fluid pool rises above a certain value, it means a well kick, and if the level drops above a certain value, it means a well leak. This monitoring method is economical and practical, but lacks real-time and accuracy, and often misses the best well control opportunity and causes a blowout accident.

[0005] The current downhole monitoring technology is not mature, and is affected by multiple factors such as the interference of complex engineering factors and changes in displacement, rheological parameters, etc. It is difficult to identify early overflows and the possibility of misjudgment of overflows is high.

[0006] Patent document CN105507886A discloses an overflow and well leakage monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof, which are characterized in that the cross-sectional area of ​​the monitoring tank is small, the liquid level detection is more sensitive and accurate, and overflow and well leakage can be discovered more timely; Patent document CN104632198A discloses an early monitoring method and device for wellbore overflow, which uses a capacitance measurement module in a downhole measuring pup joint to monitor whether there is formation fluid (oil, gas) intrusion in the wellbore annulus to prevent the occurrence of blowout accidents; Patent document CN106404714A discloses a method and system for early overflow monitoring based on downhole near-infrared drilling spectroscopy, which meets the requirements of seismic resistance and accuracy of downhole drilling measurement instruments, and at the same time changes the existing overflow monitoring principle to realize real-time downhole monitoring.

[0007] In summary, scholars’ research focus on downhole monitoring of well leakage and overflow during drilling is to develop new detection devices and methods after theoretical research, but no effective verification of monitoring performance and working stability has been carried out.

[0008] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0009] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an evaluation device and an evaluation method for a leakage and overflow monitoring instrument for three-high gas wells, so as to evaluate the monitoring performance and working stability of the leakage and overflow monitoring instrument for three-high gas wells, and provide a theoretical basis and experimental support for the development of downhole overflow monitoring technology during drilling.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an evaluation device for a leakage and overflow monitoring device of a three-high gas well, which includes: a wellbore module, which includes a casing and a drill tool assembly inserted therein, and the drill tool assembly is composed of a drill pipe, a drill collar and a drill bit from top to bottom; a drilling fluid circulation module, which is used to circulate the drilling fluid in the wellbore module; an overflow simulation module, which is used to introduce experimental gas into the wellbore module; a leakage simulation module, which is used to guide the drilling fluid out of the wellbore module; a monitoring device to be evaluated, which is connected to the drill collar; and a data acquisition and analysis module, which is communicatively connected with the monitoring device to be evaluated, the overflow simulation module and the leakage simulation module.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the drill bit assembly is sealingly mounted on the casing via a hanger.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the wellbore module also includes a wellhead blowout preventer gate, which is sealingly covered on the casing.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the pressure resistance of the wellhead blowout preventer gate is greater than or equal to 25MPa.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a gas exhaust hole and a mud return hole are provided on the wellhead blowout preventer gate.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the wellbore module is provided with a leakage hole, and the leakage hole is connected to the waste liquid tank.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the drill collar includes a drill collar pup joint, and the drill collar pup joint is provided with: an annulus mud inlet hole, which is connected to the annular space between the casing and the drill bit assembly; an annulus mud buffer chamber, which is connected to the annulus mud inlet hole; a drill pipe mud inlet hole, which is connected to the internal space of the drill pipe; and a drill pipe mud buffer chamber, which is connected to the drill pipe mud inlet hole, wherein the monitoring device to be evaluated is connected to the ends of the annulus mud buffer chamber and the drill pipe mud buffer chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the drilling fluid circulation module includes: a slurry storage tank, which is connected to the drill pipe; a buffer tank, which is connected to the annular space between the casing and the drill bit assembly; and a gas-liquid separator, whose inlet is connected to the buffer tank and the liquid outlet is connected to the slurry storage tank.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an electric heating jacket is provided outside the slurry storage tank, and an agitator is provided inside the slurry storage tank.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a tee is provided at the outlet of the slurry storage tank, and the tee is connected to the drill pipe and the waste liquid tank respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a mud pump is provided between the mud storage tank and the drill pipe, and a first pressure relief tee is provided between the mud pump and the drill pipe.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the overflow simulation module includes, in sequence along the flow direction of the experimental gas: a high-displacement air compressor, a pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, a booster pump and a simulated blowout formation, and the simulated blowout formation is installed on the casing.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the blowout formation is simulated to form interconnected fractures and holes.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank is provided with a pressure reducing valve.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a flow meter is provided between the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank and the booster pump, and a second pressure relief tee and a one-way valve are provided between the booster pump and the simulated blowout formation device.

[0025] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the well leakage simulation module includes, in sequence along the flow direction of the drilling fluid: a horizontal flow pump and a simulated well leakage formation, and the simulated well leakage formation is installed on the casing.

[0026] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the simulated leakage formation forms interconnected fractures and holes.

[0027] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the wellbore module adopts the size of the actual wellbore.

[0028] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device is used to evaluate the performance of leak-proof drilling fluid or plugging agent.

[0029] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an evaluation method for an evaluation device of a three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device using any one of the above-mentioned technical solutions, and the evaluation method includes at least the following steps: determining the experimental process parameters according to the actual conditions of the target work area; allowing the drilling fluid to circulate in the wellbore module, and the monitoring signal of the monitoring device to be evaluated is stable; turning on the overflow simulation module and / or the leakage simulation module to simulate the preset working conditions; when the monitoring device to be evaluated makes a corresponding judgment, turning off the overflow simulation module and the leakage simulation module; comparing the preset working conditions with the corresponding judgment to obtain the evaluation results.

[0030] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the evaluation method also includes the step of: heating the drilling fluid to the formation temperature of the target work area.

[0031] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the experimental process parameters include drilling fluid composition, drilling fluid flow rate, formation temperature, blowout displacement and blowout pressure.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. By simulating the working conditions of well leakage and early overflow, the alarm accuracy and working stability of the downhole overflow monitoring device are evaluated, thereby providing a theoretical basis and experimental support for the development of downhole overflow monitoring technology during drilling, greatly reducing the occurrence of blowout accidents due to missing the best well control opportunity.

[0034] 2. The present invention can realize full-scale indoor simulation, and the simulation includes influencing factors such as overflow / leakage velocity, overflow gas pressure, rheological parameters, etc. The simulation results are highly reliable and have strong engineering practicality. The experimental results based on this are more accurate, eliminating the drawbacks of conducting experimental research with micro-experimental devices.

[0035] 3. Through the design of the drill collar short section, almost all monitoring devices can be evaluated, with strong applicability.

[0036] 4. The evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring instrument of the present invention can also evaluate and optimize the leakage-proof drilling fluid performance and the plugging performance of the plugging agent under different leakage formation conditions.

[0037] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, technical features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an evaluation device for a three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a drill collar pup joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 The flowchart is a method for evaluating a gas well leakage and overflow monitoring instrument of three highs according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Description of main reference numerals:

[0042] 11-casing, 111-drain hole, 112-first waste liquid tank, 121-drill pipe, 122-drill collar, 123-drill bit, 13-wellhead blowout prevention gate, 131-gas drain hole, 132-mud return hole, 1321-second vent valve, 14-annulus, 20-monitoring device to be evaluated, 30-drill collar short section, 31-annulus mud inflow hole, 32-annulus mud buffer chamber, 33-drill pipe mud inflow hole, 34-drill pipe mud buffer chamber, 35-optical fiber bundle, 36-signal transmission device, 41-slurry storage tank, 411-electric heating jacket, 412-mixer, 413 - tee, 42-buffer tank, 43-gas-liquid separator, 431-first vent valve, 44-second waste liquid tank, 45-mud pump, 451-first pressure relief tee, 452-mud flowmeter, 453-mud pressure gauge, 46-return pump, 51-high displacement air compressor, 52-pressure stabilizing air storage tank, 521-flow meter, 53-boosting pump, 531-second pressure relief tee, 532-blowout inlet pressure gauge, 533-check valve, 54-simulated blowout formation, 61-advection pump, 62-simulated leaking formation, 63-third waste liquid tank, 70-data acquisition and analysis module;

[0043] F1~F12-valves; P1~P3-fixed-point pressure gauges. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0045] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising”, etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0046] In this document, for the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "below", "below", "down", "above", "above", "upper", etc. may be used to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the object in the figure is turned over, the element described as being "below" or "below" other elements or features will be oriented "above" the element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both the below and above directions. Objects may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatial relative terms used in this document should be interpreted accordingly.

[0047] In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to limit a specific position or relative relationship. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first", "second", etc. can also be interchangeable.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, an evaluation device for a leakage and overflow monitoring device for a three-high gas well is provided, which can simulate the leakage and early overflow conditions of the three-high gas well (influencing factors such as overflow or loss velocity, overflow gas pressure, rheological parameters, etc.), and on this basis, evaluate and verify the alarm accuracy and working stability of the downhole overflow monitoring device. The evaluation device for the leakage and overflow monitoring device for the three-high gas well includes a wellbore module. The wellbore module is the main experimental module of the evaluation device of the present invention. The blowout simulation, leakage simulation, and pressure, temperature and other parameter collection in the experiment all occur in the wellbore module. The wellbore module includes a casing 11 and a drill tool assembly inserted therein. The casing 11 is arranged at the outermost side of all rigid experimental components. The drill tool assembly is, from top to bottom, a drill pipe 121, a drill collar 122, and a drill bit 123. By way of example, each part is connected by a threaded connection to ensure good airtightness. The monitoring device 20 to be evaluated is connected to the drill collar 122 through a drill collar short section 30 (combined with a drill collar short section 30). Figure 2 The drilling fluid circulation module is used to circulate the drilling fluid in the wellbore module; the overflow simulation module is used to introduce the experimental gas into the wellbore module; the well leakage simulation module is used to guide the drilling fluid out of the wellbore module; the data acquisition and analysis module 70 is connected to the monitoring device 20 to be evaluated, the overflow simulation module and the well leakage simulation module.

[0049] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the wellbore module further includes a wellhead blowout prevention gate 13, which is sealed and covered on the casing 11. The wellhead blowout prevention gate 13 is the key to connecting the wellbore module and the drilling fluid circulation module, and is also the main component for maintaining the high pressure of the experiment and ensuring the safety of the experiment. Exemplarily, the pressure resistance of the wellhead blowout prevention gate 13 is greater than or equal to 25MPa. The wellhead blowout prevention gate 13 and the casing 11 form a closed space. The wellhead blowout prevention gate 13 is provided with a gas emptying hole 131 and a mud return hole 132. The gas emptying hole 131 is used to empty the excess gas in the wellbore module during the experiment. The cylindrical space of the drill tool assembly is called the drill tool space, and the annular space between the drill tool assembly and the casing 11 is called the annulus. The bottom of the wellbore module is provided with a drain hole 111, and the drain hole 111 is connected to the first waste liquid tank 112. After the experiment is completed, the drilling fluid in the wellbore module is drained through the drain hole 111 to prevent corrosion. Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the entire drilling tool assembly is sealingly mounted on the casing 11 through a hanger (not shown in the figure) to ensure its sealing performance.

[0050] Combination Figure 2 As shown, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the drill collar 122 includes a drill collar sub 30. For example, the drill collar sub 30 is connected to the drill tool assembly through a thread and is lowered into the casing 11 together with the drilling assembly. The monitoring device 20 to be evaluated is arranged in the drill collar sub 30. The monitoring result of the monitoring device 20 to be evaluated can be sent to the data acquisition and analysis module 70. The outer wall of the drill collar sub 30 is provided with an annular mud inflow hole 31, and the inner wall is provided with a drill pipe mud inflow hole 33, which are connected to the annular mud buffer chamber 32 and the drill pipe mud buffer chamber 34 respectively. The monitoring device 20 to be evaluated is connected to the ends of the annular mud buffer chamber 32 and the drill pipe mud buffer chamber 34 to prevent the high-pressure mud from directly impacting the monitoring device 20 to be evaluated. Exemplarily, the monitoring device 20 to be evaluated is a temperature-pressure-resistance-gas monitoring device, which can monitor the pressure, temperature, and resistance changes of the drilling fluid in the annulus 14 and the drill pipe 121, and can monitor in real time whether there is gas intrusion in the drilling fluid in the annulus. The measured signal is transmitted to the signal transmission device 36 through the optical fiber bundle 35, and finally transmitted to the ground and received, analyzed, and displayed by the data acquisition and analysis module 70 to determine whether overflow occurs and the extent of occurrence. Exemplarily, when gas is mixed into the drilling fluid, its resistance and gas content will inevitably change, and the more gas there is, the greater the resistance value, so by measuring the gas content and resistance value, the amount and severity of overflow can be roughly determined.

[0051] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the main function of the drilling fluid circulation module is to circulate the drilling fluid in the wellbore module. The outlet of the mud pump 45 is connected to the inlet of the drill pipe 121, and a mud return hole 132 is provided on the wellhead blowout preventer gate 13 of the annulus 14. The mud return hole 132 is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank 42, and the outlet of the buffer tank 42 is connected to the inlet of the return slurry pump 46. The outlet of the return slurry pump 46 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 43. The drilling fluid after separation enters the slurry storage tank 41, and the gas is discharged through the first vent valve 431. During the experiment, the drilling fluid path is: slurry storage tank 41-mud pump 45-drilling tool space-annulus 14-mud return hole 132-buffer tank 42-return slurry pump 46-gas-liquid separator 43-slurry storage tank 41-second waste liquid tank 44. Since most gas wells are high-temperature reservoirs, in order to simulate the high temperature of the formation, an electric heating sleeve 411 (heating temperature 30-300°C) is wrapped outside the slurry tank 41. The prepared drilling fluid is preheated before the experiment, and a stirrer 412 is set in the slurry tank 41 to stir the drilling fluid to prevent agglomeration. A tee 413 is provided at the outlet of the slurry tank 41, and the tee 413 is connected to the drill pipe 121 and the second waste liquid tank 44 respectively. During the experiment, the drilling fluid enters the circulation process, and after the experiment, the drilling fluid is discharged into the second waste liquid tank 44. A mud flow meter 452 and a mud pressure gauge 453 are provided between the mud pump 45 and the drill bit assembly, and a first pressure relief tee 451 is also provided to relieve pressure in the case of abnormal pressure in the pipeline caused by pipeline blockage to prevent safety accidents. A second vent valve 1321 is provided at the mud return hole 132 to exhaust the replaced gas when the drilling fluid enters the wellbore module.

[0052] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the overflow simulation module includes: a high-displacement air compressor 51, a pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank 52, a booster pump 53 and a simulated blowout formation 54 in sequence along the flow direction of the experimental gas, and the simulated blowout formation 54 is installed on the casing 11. The main function of the overflow simulation module is to introduce the experimental gas into the wellbore module to simulate the downhole overflow of the gas well. The gas used in the experiment is produced by the high-displacement air compressor 51 and then filled into the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank 52. By opening the regulating gas pressure reducing valve and the booster pump 53, the gas is output into the wellbore module through the simulated blowout formation 54 at a certain pressure and flow rate, and the output gas flow and pressure are monitored in real time by the gas flow meter and the blowout inlet pressure gauge 532. The outlet of the high-displacement air compressor 51 is connected to a pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank 52 and a pressure reducing valve, and then connected to a booster pump 53 to increase the gas pressure to simulate actual formation conditions. A gas flow meter 521 is provided between the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank 52 and the booster pump 53. The outlet of the booster pump 53 is connected to a simulated blowout formation 54, and the simulated blowout formation 54 is installed on the casing 11. A second pressure relief tee 531 and a one-way valve 533 are provided between the booster pump 53 and the simulated blowout formation 54. The second pressure relief tee 531 is used to relieve pressure in the case of abnormal pressure buildup in the pipeline due to pipeline blockage to prevent safety accidents; the one-way valve 533 is used to prevent gas from flowing back into the gas phase pumping process and damaging the device. The simulated blowout formation 54 is processed to form interconnected fractures and caves therein and achieve the permeability required for the experiment, so as to simulate fracture-cavity formations.

[0053] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the leakage simulation module includes: a horizontal flow pump 61 and a simulated leakage formation 62 in sequence along the flow direction of the drilling fluid, and the simulated leakage formation 62 is installed on the casing 11. The main function of the leakage simulation module is to guide the drilling fluid out of the wellbore module to simulate the leakage of the gas well. During the experiment, the drilling fluid in the wellbore module is discharged from the wellbore module at a certain rate by setting the displacement of the horizontal flow pump 61. The simulated leakage formation 62 is processed to form interconnected fractures and caves therein and achieve the permeability required for the experiment, so as to simulate the fracture-cavity type formation.

[0054] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the wellbore module adopts the size of an actual wellbore. For example, the casing 11 is constructed using an alloy casing with a size of 244.5 mm.

[0055] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the data acquisition and analysis module 70 includes a ground signal receiving and analysis system, a control cabinet, data acquisition software, a flow meter, a fixed-point pressure gauge, a signal transmission device 36 in the drill collar short section 30, and electronic components and circuits. The function of the data acquisition and analysis module 70 is that, on the one hand, the temperature, pressure, and gas detection device installed on the drill collar short section 30 transmits the monitored signal through the signal transmission device 36, and the signal is received by the ground signal receiving and analysis module for decoding and analysis, and finally the downhole working condition is obtained; on the other hand, the control cabinet is connected with the electric heating sleeve 411, the booster pump 53, the mud pump 45, the horizontal flow pump 61, all the flow meters and the pressure gauges, and the flow rate, pressure and experimental temperature of the pumped fluid are controlled by the data acquisition software on the computer, and all the experimental parameters are monitored and recorded in real time.

[0056] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device also includes a plurality of fixed-point pressure gauges P1 to P3, which are respectively arranged at the outlet of the drill bit 123, the entrance of the simulated leakage formation 62 and the mud return hole 132, for real-time monitoring of the pressure changes at various positions during the experiment, and triggering overpressure alarms and interlocking shutdowns for overpressure conditions.

[0057] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device can also be used to evaluate the performance of leak-proof drilling fluid or plugging agent.

[0058] It should be noted that the injection pressure of the mixed gas after being pressurized by the booster pump 53 may be as high as tens of MPa, so the pipe body and connecting pipelines of the entire set of experimental equipment are made of high-pressure resistant materials to ensure the safety of the experiment.

[0059] According to the evaluation method of the specific embodiment of the present invention, it uses the evaluation equipment of the leakage and overflow monitoring device of the three high gas wells as any one of the above technical solutions. The evaluation method includes at least the following steps: determining the experimental process parameters according to the actual conditions of the target work area; making the drilling fluid circulate in the wellbore module, and the monitoring signal of the monitoring device to be evaluated is stable; turning on the overflow simulation module and / or the leakage simulation module to simulate the preset working conditions; when the monitoring device to be evaluated makes a corresponding judgment, turning off the overflow simulation module and the leakage simulation module; comparing the preset working conditions with the corresponding judgment to obtain the evaluation results.

[0060] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the evaluation method further comprises the step of: heating the drilling fluid to a formation temperature of the target work area.

[0061] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the experimental process parameters include drilling fluid composition, drilling fluid flow rate, formation temperature, blowout displacement, and blowout pressure.

[0062] The evaluation equipment and evaluation method of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device of the present invention are described in more detail below by way of specific embodiments. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment uses the evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device of the present invention to conduct experiments, and the experimental process is as follows:

[0065] (1) According to the actual conditions of the target work area, the experimental process parameters are converted and determined, including drilling fluid composition, blowout displacement, formation temperature, blowout pressure and drilling fluid flow rate.

[0066] (2) According to the experimental design requirements, all experimental modules and components are connected to the experimental process. After confirming that the signal transmission of the drill collar short section 30 is normal and all other components are operating normally and in compliance with regulations, all valves are closed.

[0067] (3) Only valves F1 and F2 are opened, and high-displacement air compressor 51 and booster pump 53 are turned on to check the line pressure and air tightness of the experimental device. If the pressure is stabilized at 20 MPa for 15 minutes and the pressure drop is less than 0.1 MPa, it is determined that the safety experiment requirements are met and all valves are closed.

[0068] (4) Prepare the corresponding experimental drilling fluid and place it in the slurry storage tank 41 and turn on the agitator 412 to prevent the drilling fluid from solidifying. Install the electric heating jacket 411 and adjust it to the specified temperature of the experiment to heat the drilling fluid.

[0069] (5) Open valves F7, F8, and F10, start the mud pump 45 to inject drilling fluid into the casing 11 and displace the gas in the wellbore module. After emptying, quickly close valve F10 and open valve F11. After the drilling fluid in the buffer tank 42 exceeds the general volume, start the slurry pump 46 to form a closed loop circulation of the drilling fluid.

[0070] (6) Keep the drilling fluid circulating in the wellbore module until the monitoring signal collected by the temperature-pressure-resistance-gas detection device (the monitoring device to be evaluated 20) on the drill collar short section 30 received by the data acquisition and analysis module 70 tends to be stable.

[0071] (7) Turn on the high-displacement air compressor 51 to pump air into the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank 52, adjust the gas pressure reducing valve and booster pump 53 to the designed pressure and designed blowout flow, and open valves F1 and F2 to simulate the early downhole overflow conditions of drilling. When the overflow displacement is large, the valve F12 can be opened slightly to help discharge the gas to prevent safety accidents caused by pressure build-up.

[0072] (8) Observe the changes in signal parameters of the data acquisition and analysis module 70 until it makes a corresponding judgment on the downhole overflow, and then close the downhole overflow simulation module.

[0073] (9) Close all valves and pump groups, and only open valves F5, F6 and F12 to drain the remaining drilling fluid in the wellbore module and the slurry storage tank 41.

[0074] (10) Disassemble the experimental components and clean the device. The experiment is completed.

[0075] If other experiments are conducted, readjust the experimental process parameters.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment uses the evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device of the present invention to simulate the gas well blowout of a certain three-high gas field in Sichuan to conduct an experiment, and the experimental process is as follows:

[0078] (1) Calculate and determine the experimental process parameters based on the actual conditions of the target work area.

[0079] The drilling fluid density is 1.4g / cm 3 , blowout displacement from 1.5m 3 / min gradually increased to 10.0m 3 / min, formation temperature 70℃, etc.

[0080] (2) According to the experimental design requirements, all experimental modules and components are connected to the experimental process. After confirming that the signal transmission of the drill collar short section 30 is normal and all other components are operating normally and in compliance with regulations, all valves are closed.

[0081] (3) Only valves F1 and F2 are opened, and high-displacement air compressor 51 and booster pump 53 are turned on to check the line pressure and air tightness of the experimental device. If the pressure is stabilized at 20 MPa for 15 minutes and the pressure drop is less than 0.1 MPa, it is determined that the safety experiment requirements are met and all valves are closed.

[0082] (4) Prepare the corresponding experimental drilling fluid and place it in the slurry storage tank 41 and turn on the agitator 412 to prevent the drilling fluid from solidifying. Install the electric heating jacket 411 and adjust it to the specified experimental temperature (70° C. in this embodiment) to heat the drilling fluid.

[0083] (5) Open valves F7, F8, and F10, start the mud pump 45 to inject drilling fluid into the casing 11 and displace the gas in the wellbore module. After emptying, quickly close valve F10 and open valve F11. After the drilling fluid in the buffer tank 42 exceeds the general volume, start the slurry pump 46 to form a closed loop circulation of the drilling fluid.

[0084] (6) Keep the drilling fluid circulating in the wellbore module until the monitoring signal collected by the temperature-pressure-resistance-gas detection device (the monitoring device to be evaluated 20) on the drill collar short section 30 received by the data acquisition and analysis module 70 tends to be stable.

[0085] (7) Turn on the high-displacement air compressor 51 to pump air into the pressure-stabilizing air storage tank 52, adjust the gas pressure reducing valve and the booster pump 53 to the design pressure and the design blowout flow, and open valves F1 and F2 to simulate the early overflow condition. When the overflow displacement is large, the valve F12 can be opened slightly to help discharge the gas to prevent safety accidents caused by pressure build-up.

[0086] (8) Observe the changes in the signal parameters of the data acquisition and analysis module 70 until it makes a corresponding judgment on the downhole overflow, and then close the downhole overflow simulation module.

[0087] (9) Close all valves and pump groups, and only open valves F5, F6 and F12 to drain the remaining drilling fluid in the wellbore module and the slurry storage tank 41.

[0088] (10) Disassemble the experimental components and clean the device. The experiment is completed.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment uses the evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device of the present invention to simulate a blowout of a "three-high" gas well in northeastern Sichuan to conduct an experiment.

[0091] The experimental process of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 2, except that:

[0092] The drilling fluid density is 1.7g / cm 3 、Blowout displacement from 5.0m 3 / min quickly increased to 15m 3 / min, formation temperature 120℃.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment uses the evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device of the present invention to simulate a blowout of a "three-excess" gas well in Xinjiang to conduct an experiment.

[0095] The experimental process of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 2, except that:

[0096] The density of oil-based drilling fluid is 2.1g / cm 3 、Blowout displacement from 5.0m 3 / min and quickly rise to 20.0m 3 / min, formation temperature 170℃.

[0097] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evaluation device for a three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device, characterized in that: include: A wellbore module, which includes a casing and a drilling tool assembly inserted therein, wherein the drilling tool assembly comprises a drill pipe, a drill collar and a drill bit from top to bottom; A drilling fluid circulation module, which is used to circulate the drilling fluid in the wellbore module; the drilling fluid circulation module includes: a slurry storage tank, which is connected to the drill pipe; a buffer tank, which is connected to the annular space between the casing and the drill tool assembly; and a gas-liquid separator, whose inlet is connected to the buffer tank and whose liquid outlet is connected to the slurry storage tank; An overflow simulation module, which is used to introduce the experimental gas into the wellbore module; the overflow simulation module includes: a high-displacement air compressor, a pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, a booster pump and a simulated blowout formation in sequence along the flow direction of the experimental gas, and the simulated blowout formation is installed on the casing; A leakage simulation module, which is used to guide the drilling fluid out of the wellbore module; the leakage simulation module includes: a horizontal flow pump and a simulated leakage formation in sequence along the flow direction of the drilling fluid, and the simulated leakage formation is installed on the casing; a monitoring device to be evaluated, which is connected to the drill collar; and A data acquisition and analysis module is communicatively connected with the monitoring device to be evaluated, the overflow simulation module and the well leakage simulation module.

2. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellbore module also includes a wellhead blowout preventer gate, which is sealingly covered on the casing.

3. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The wellhead blowout prevention gate has a pressure resistance greater than or equal to 25 MPa.

4. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wellhead blowout prevention gate is provided with a gas exhaust hole and a mud return hole.

5. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellbore module is provided with a leakage hole, and the leakage hole is connected to the waste liquid tank.

6. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill collar comprises a drill collar short section, and the drill collar short section is provided with: an annular mud inflow hole communicating with the annular space between the casing and the drill bit assembly; an annular mud buffer chamber, which is connected to the annular mud inflow hole; A drill pipe mud inflow hole communicates with the interior space of the drill pipe; and A drill pipe mud buffer chamber is connected to the drill pipe mud inflow hole, Wherein, the monitoring device to be evaluated is connected to the ends of the annular mud buffer chamber and the drill pipe mud buffer chamber.

7. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric heating jacket is arranged outside the slurry storage tank, and an agitator is arranged inside the slurry storage tank.

8. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tee is provided at the outlet of the slurry storage tank, and the tee is connected to the drill rod and the waste liquid tank respectively.

9. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mud pump is provided between the mud storage tank and the drill rod, and a first pressure relief tee is provided between the mud pump and the drill rod.

10. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated blowout formation forms interconnected fractures and holes.

11. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank is provided with a pressure reducing valve.

12. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 11, characterized in that: A flow meter is provided between the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank and the booster pump, and a second pressure-relieving three-way valve and a one-way valve are provided between the booster pump and the simulated blowout formation.

13. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated leakage formation forms interconnected fractures and holes.

14. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellbore module adopts the size of the actual wellbore.

15. The evaluation equipment for the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation equipment is used to evaluate the performance of leak-proof drilling fluid or plugging agent.

16. An evaluation method using the evaluation equipment of the three-high gas well leakage and overflow monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: The evaluation method includes at least the following steps: Determine the experimental process parameters according to the actual conditions of the target work area; The drilling fluid is circulated in the wellbore module, and the monitoring signal of the monitoring device to be evaluated is stable; Opening the overflow simulation module and / or the lost circulation simulation module to simulate a preset working condition; When the monitoring device to be evaluated makes a corresponding judgment, the overflow simulation module and the well leakage simulation module are closed; The preset working condition is compared with the corresponding judgment to obtain an evaluation result.

17. The evaluation method according to claim 16, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: The drilling fluid is heated to the formation temperature of the target work area.

18. The evaluation method according to claim 16, characterized in that: The experimental process parameters include drilling fluid composition, drilling fluid flow rate, formation temperature, blowout displacement and blowout pressure.

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