A self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor and a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor

Abstract

The self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor comprises a rotor core, air slots are formed on the rotor core to form magnetic barrier layers, and the magnetic barrier layers are partially magnetically conductive channels. B The ratio of the width of the D-axis magnetically conductive channel to the total magnetic circuit width on the D-axis is: according to the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor, the rotor magnetic circuit width is sufficient, the main magnetic circuit of the rotor is smooth, early saturation is avoided, local saturation is avoided, and the problems of early saturation or local saturation are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular to a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor and a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The self-starting synchronous reluctance motor has the characteristics of asynchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors and has the following basic characteristics:

[0003] Air slots, referred to as magnetic barrier slots, are formed in the rotor along the axial direction, and the part of the iron core formed between every two layers of magnetic barrier slots is referred to as a magnetic flux channel;

[0004] The magnetic barrier slots are filled with electrically conductive non-magnetic material (for example, aluminum) in whole or in part, referred to as a bar;

[0005] The rotor has end rings at the two axial ends, the material of the end rings is the same as that of the bar, and the end rings at the two ends of the rotor are connected with the bar in the rotor slot in whole or in part to form a short-circuit loop;

[0006] The self-starting synchronous reluctance motor has the advantages of asynchronous motors, such as direct starting without a frequency converter, no magnetic steel in the rotor, and high reliability, and the advantages of synchronous reluctance motors, such as stable operation in synchronization, high efficiency, and high power density. In the industrial field, the IE4 energy efficiency of the fixed-frequency motor is broken through, and the cost is lower.

[0007] Reluctance motors use the difference in DQ-axis magnetic reluctance formed by the slotted rotor to generate reluctance torque, but the air slots, i.e., the magnetic barriers

[0008] Non-magnetic, which will inevitably reduce the rotor magnetic circuit space, and an unreasonable magnetic barrier and magnetic flux channel design will result in insufficient torque output and low efficiency.

[0009] For a 2-pole self-starting synchronous reluctance motor, the D-axis magnetic circuit is relatively wide, but the Q-axis magnetic circuit has insufficient available space due to the presence of the Q-axis outermost conductor and the rotor shaft hole.

[0010] Since the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor in the prior art has the technical problems of unreasonable DQ-axis magnetic circuit design, which results in poor communication of the rotor main magnetic circuit and causes premature saturation or local saturation, the present application researches and designs a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor and a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor. SUMMARY

[0011] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defects of the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor in the prior art, such as unreasonable DQ-axis magnetic circuit design, which results in poor communication of the rotor main magnetic circuit and causes premature saturation or local saturation, so as to provide a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor and a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor.

[0012] To solve the above problems, the application provides a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor, which comprises:

[0013] A rotor core, air slots are formed on the rotor core to form magnetic barrier layers; part of the magnetic barrier layers between two adjacent layers is a magnetic flux channel; the width of each magnetic flux channel in the direction of the D-axis or parallel to the D-axis is Wd1, Wd2,..., Wdn, n≥1, the total magnetic circuit width on the D-axis is Td, and the number of rotor magnetic barrier layers under each pole is N B , and the proportion of the D-axis magnetic flux channel width in the total magnetic circuit width on the D-axis is:

[0014]

[0015] In some embodiments, the width of each magnetic flux channel on the Q-axis is Wq1, Wq2,..., Wqn, the total magnetic circuit width on the Q-axis is Tq, and the proportion of the sum of the Q-axis magnetic flux channel widths in the total magnetic circuit width on the Q-axis is:

[0016] In some embodiments, the ratio of the sum of the Q-axis magnetic flux channel widths to the sum of the D-axis magnetic flux channel widths is:

[0017] In some embodiments, the rotor core further comprises a rotor shaft hole located on the radial inner side thereof, the Td is the outer radius of the rotor core, and the Tq is the outer radius of the rotor core minus the radius of the rotor shaft hole.

[0018] In some embodiments, the outer circle diameter of the rotor core is D R , the diameter of the rotor shaft hole is D SFT , and the ratio of the diameter of the rotor shaft hole to the outer circle of the rotor core is:

[0019] In some embodiments,

[0020] In some embodiments, the magnetic flux channel closest to the D-axis and parallel to the D-axis is the first layer of D-axis magnetic flux channel, the width of which is W d1 , and the proportion of the first layer of D-axis magnetic flux channel width in the total magnetic circuit width on the D-axis is:

[0021] In some embodiments,

[0022] In some embodiments, the widths of the first layer to the N B -1 layer of D-axis magnetic flux channels are W d1 , W d2 ……W dNB-1, the D-axis 1st layer to the D-axis Nth layer B -1 layer magnetic barrier layer width is B d1 , B d2 ……B dNB-1 , and the D-axis 2nd layer to the D-axis Nth layer B -1 layer magnetic flux channel and the ratio of the width of the magnetic barrier, And |W dn -B dn |≤10mm, W dn is the width of the n layer magnetic flux channel, B dn is the width of the n layer magnetic barrier layer.

[0023] The application also provides a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor, which comprises the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor of any one of the preceding.

[0024] The self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor and the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor provided by the application have the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The application can effectively constrain the proportion of the D-axis magnetic flux channel width in the total D-axis magnetic circuit width, ensure that the rotor magnetic circuit width is sufficient, ensure that the rotor main magnetic circuit is unobstructed, avoid premature saturation, and the magnetic circuit is smooth when the magnetic field passes through the D-axis, avoiding local saturation, thereby effectively improving the anti-saturation capability and solving the problems of premature saturation or local saturation.

[0026] 2. The application can effectively constrain the proportion of the Q-axis magnetic flux channel width in the total Q-axis magnetic circuit width, ensure that the rotor magnetic circuit width is sufficient, ensure that the rotor main magnetic circuit is unobstructed, avoid premature saturation, and the magnetic circuit is smooth when the magnetic field passes through the Q-axis, avoiding local saturation, thereby effectively improving the anti-saturation capability and solving the problems of premature saturation or local saturation.

[0027] 3. The application can effectively constrain the proportion of the Q-axis magnetic flux channel width in the total Q-axis magnetic circuit width, ensure that the rotor magnetic circuit width is sufficient, ensure that the rotor main magnetic circuit is unobstructed, avoid premature saturation, and the magnetic circuit is smooth when the magnetic field passes through the Q-axis, avoiding local saturation, thereby effectively improving the anti-saturation capability and solving the problems of premature saturation or local saturation. When the main magnetic circuit passes through the D-axis and Q-axis magnetic flux channels, and the widths of the D / Q-axis magnetic flux channels are equivalent, the main magnetic circuit is unobstructed, the magnetic flux passes through the complete main magnetic circuit, and the width is the same, which is the highest utilization in limited space, ensuring that there is no'short board' in the magnetic circuit, the anti-saturation capability is the strongest, and the anti-saturation capability is further improved, solving the problems of premature saturation or local saturation.

[0028] 4. The application can effectively constrain the proportion of the D-axis 1st layer magnetic flux channel width in the total D-axis magnetic circuit width, ensure that the rotor magnetic circuit width is sufficient, ensure that the rotor main magnetic circuit is unobstructed, avoid premature saturation, and the magnetic circuit is smooth when the magnetic field passes through the D-axis, avoiding local saturation, thereby effectively improving the anti-saturation capability and solving the problems of premature saturation or local saturation. ​​It can effectively constrain the position of the first layer of magnetic channel of D axis and effectively reduce torque pulsation; it can also effectively constrain the position of the first layer of magnetic channel of D axis from the second layer to the Nth layer. B -The ratio of the width of the 1-layer magnetic channel to the width of the magnetic barrier, And|W dn -B dn |≤10mm, which can ensure a smooth transition between the stator magnetic field and the rotor magnetic field, will not cause a sudden change in the magnetic field, will not increase the torque pulsation, and will stabilize the torque pulsation in a lower range, reducing noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the magnetic barrier and magnetic conductive channel of the rotor of the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the D-axis magnetic circuit magnetic channel and the width of the magnetic barrier layer of the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the Q-axis magnetic circuit magnetic conduction channel and the width of the magnetic barrier layer of the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor-shaft hole / external circle structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the main magnetic circuit structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 A curve diagram showing the relationship between the D / Q axis magnetic channel ratio and the minimum saturation load of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A curve diagram showing the relationship between the ratio of the Q-axis magnetic conductive channel to the D-axis magnetic conductive channel and the minimum saturation load of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 A curve diagram showing the relationship between the ratio of the Q-axis magnetic conductive channel to the D-axis magnetic conductive channel and the torque ripple of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide bar and end ring of the present invention.

[0038] The reference numerals indicate:

[0039] 1. Rotor core; 10. Shaft hole; 2. Magnetic barrier layer; 3. Magnetic channel; 4. Conductor bar; 5. End ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor, which includes:

[0041] Rotor core 1, air slots are opened on the rotor core 1 to form a magnetic barrier layer 2, according to the shape of the magnetic barrier layer 2, the high permeability direction is the D axis, and the low permeability direction is the Q axis; two adjacent rotor poles are symmetrical about the D axis, and the same pole is symmetrical about the Q axis; part of the magnetic barrier layer 2 between two adjacent layers is a magnetic channel 3; the width of each magnetic channel 3 in the D axis or parallel direction of the D axis is Wd1, Wd2,..., Wdn, NB≥n≥1, the total magnetic path width in the D axis is Td, the number of magnetic barrier layers under each pole is NB, and the proportion of the D axis magnetic channel width in the total magnetic path width in the D axis is:

[0042] The proportion of the D axis magnetic channel width in the total magnetic path width in the D axis is: The proportion of the D axis magnetic channel width in the total magnetic path width in the D axis can be effectively constrained, the rotor magnetic path width is sufficient, the rotor main magnetic path is smooth, premature saturation is avoided, and the magnetic field is smooth when passing through the D axis, local saturation is avoided, the anti-saturation capability is effectively improved, and the problems of premature saturation or local saturation are solved. The larger the proportion of the magnetic channel is, the stronger the anti-saturation capability is; the anti-saturation capability enhancement effect tends to be flat when the magnetic channel width increases to a certain extent; specific beneficial effects are shown in Figure 6 .

[0043] 1. Rotor magnetic barrier: each layer of air slots opened on the rotor;

[0044] 2. Rotor magnetic channel: part between each layer of air slots on the rotor is called a magnetic channel;

[0045] 3. D axis / Q axis: according to the shape of the air slot, the radial direction parallel to the air slot is called the D axis, and the radial direction perpendicular to the air slot is called the Q axis;

[0046] 4. Main magnetic path: the effective path of magnetic flux in the motor, including the stator yoke, the stator tooth, the air gap, the rotor D axis magnetic channel and the rotor Q axis magnetic channel;

[0047] 5. Minimum saturation load: the minimum load required for the core to reach saturation, generally considered that the core magnetic density reaches 1.8T is saturation, the minimum saturation load represents the anti-saturation capability of the motor, the larger the anti-saturation capability is.

[0048] 1. The present application can effectively improve the anti-saturation capability by reasonably designing the DQ axis magnetic path, ensuring the smoothness of the rotor main magnetic path, avoiding premature saturation or local saturation, and enhancing the anti-saturation capability.

[0049] (1) The proportion of the D axis magnetic channel width in the total magnetic path width in the D axis is constrained;

[0050] (2) The proportion of the Q axis magnetic channel width in the total magnetic path width in the Q axis is constrained;

[0051] (3) Constraint DQ axis magnetic flux path width ratio;

[0052] (4) Constraint rotor shaft hole in the rotor ratio;

[0053] The above four points can ensure that the rotor magnetic circuit width is sufficient, avoid early saturation, and at the same time the magnetic field passes through the D / Q axis magnetic circuit smoothly, avoiding local saturation.

[0054] 2. In addition, the arrangement position of each D-axis magnetic flux path and the magnetic barrier can effectively reduce the torque ripple.

[0055] (5) Constraint D-axis magnetic flux path position, reduce torque ripple.

[0056] In some embodiments, the width of each magnetic flux path 3 on the Q-axis is Wq1, Wq2,..., Wqn, the total magnetic circuit width on the Q-axis is Tq, and the ratio of the sum of the Q-axis magnetic flux path widths to the total magnetic circuit width on the Q-axis is: The present application also has the ratio of the sum of the Q-axis magnetic flux path widths to the total magnetic circuit width on the Q-axis: The ratio of the sum of the Q-axis magnetic flux path widths to the total magnetic circuit width on the Q-axis can be effectively constrained, the rotor magnetic circuit width is sufficient, the rotor main magnetic circuit is smooth, early saturation is avoided, and at the same time the magnetic field passes through the Q-axis smoothly, avoiding local saturation, thereby effectively improving the anti-saturation capability, solving the problem of early saturation or local saturation.

[0057] In some embodiments, the ratio of the sum of the Q-axis magnetic flux path widths to the sum of the D-axis magnetic flux path widths is: The present application also has the ratio of the sum of the Q-axis magnetic flux path widths to the sum of the D-axis magnetic flux path widths: When the main magnetic circuit passes through the rotor D-axis and Q-axis magnetic flux path, the D / Q-axis magnetic flux path width is equivalent, the main magnetic circuit is smooth, the main magnetic circuit is smooth, the magnetic flux passes through the complete main magnetic circuit, and it must pass through the D-axis and the Q-axis, and the same width is the highest utilization method in limited space, ensuring that there is no'short board' in the magnetic circuit, the anti-saturation capability is the strongest, further improving the anti-saturation capability, solving the problem of early saturation or local saturation.

[0058] When the main magnetic circuit passes through the rotor D-axis and Q-axis magnetic flux path, the D / Q-axis magnetic flux path width is equivalent, the main magnetic circuit is smooth, the main magnetic circuit is smooth, and the anti-saturation capability is the strongest; further increasing the Q-axis magnetic flux path, the effect tends to be flat; see Figure 7 .

[0059] In some embodiments, the rotor core 1 further comprises a rotor shaft hole 10 located on the radial inner side thereof, the Td is the outer radius of the rotor core 1, and the Tq is the outer radius of the rotor core 1 minus the radius of the rotor shaft hole 10.

[0060] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the rotor core 1 is D R , the diameter of the shaft hole 10 is D SFT , and the ratio of the diameter of the shaft hole to the outer diameter of the rotor core 1 is: The present application also has The present application also has

[0061] In some embodiments, This is the ratio of the diameter of the shaft hole to the outer diameter of the rotor core 1 of the present application, which can further reduce the diameter of the shaft hole, further avoid the case that the excessive diameter of the shaft will cause the Q-axis magnetic flux path to become narrow and affect the performance.

[0062] The above (1)-(4) further ensures that the D / Q-axis magnetic path width of the rotor is sufficient and relatively uniform, the magnetic field passes through the D / Q-axis magnetic path smoothly, and premature saturation is avoided.

[0063] In some embodiments, the magnetic flux path closest to the D-axis and parallel to the D-axis is the first layer of the D-axis magnetic flux path, and the width is W d1 , and the ratio of the width of the first layer of the D-axis magnetic flux path to the total magnetic path width of the D-axis is: The present application also has The present application also has

[0064] In some embodiments, This is a further preferred range of the width of the first layer of the magnetic flux path, which can further ensure smooth transition between the stator magnetic field and the rotor magnetic field, prevent magnetic field from being suddenly changed, and prevent torque ripple from being increased, thereby effectively reducing torque ripple and reducing noise.

[0065] As shown in Figure 8 In some embodiments, the number of layers of all the magnetic barrier layers 2 is 1-NB, NB is the number of all the magnetic barrier layers of the rotor core 1 under each pole; the widths of the first layer to the N B -1 layer of the D-axis magnetic flux path are W d1 , W d2 …W dNB-1 , and the widths of the first layer to the N B -1 layer of the D-axis magnetic barrier layer are B d1 , Bd2 ...B dNB-1 , and there are D-axis 2nd to Nth layers B -The ratio of the width of the 1-layer magnetic channel to the width of the magnetic barrier, Right now That is, the ratio of the width of the n-th magnetic channel on each D axis to the width of the n-th magnetic barrier layer is in the range of [0.5, 2], |W dn -B dn |≤10mm, Wdn is the width of the n-th magnetic conductive channel, and Bdn is the width of the n-th magnetic barrier layer.

[0066] The present invention also passes through the D axis 2nd layer to the Nth layer B -The ratio of the width of the 1-layer magnetic channel to the width of the magnetic barrier, And|W dn -B dn |≤10mm, can ensure smooth transition between stator magnetic field and rotor magnetic field, will not cause magnetic field mutation, will not increase torque ripple, so that torque ripple is stable in a low range and reduce noise. D magnetic channel and magnetic barrier position affect the transition between stator magnetic field and rotor magnetic field. Inappropriate position will cause magnetic field mutation and increase torque ripple. For specific beneficial effects, see Figure 8 .

[0067] The present invention also provides a self-starting synchronous reluctance motor, which comprises the self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor described in any of the preceding items.

[0068] The motor of the present invention comprises a rotor core 1 formed by axially stacking rotor punchings;

[0069] The rotor core is provided with multiple groups of identical air slots, and the number of air slot groups is equal to the number of rotor poles;

[0070] Part or all of the air slots are filled with conductive but non-magnetic material, called conductive bars 4;

[0071] End rings 5 ​​made of conductive but non-magnetic material are placed at both ends of the rotor;

[0072] All or part of the conductor bars are short-circuited together through end rings to form a loop;

[0073] The air slots are divided into multiple layers along the Q axis. Based on the shape of the air slots, the radial direction parallel to the air slots is called the D axis, and the radial direction perpendicular to the air slots is called the Q axis. The number of rotor magnetic barriers per pole is NB. There is a 90-degree phase difference in electrical angle between the D and Q axes. For a two-pole motor, the electrical angle is the same as the mechanical angle.

[0074] Each layer of air slots on the rotor is called a magnetic barrier layer 2, and the area between two adjacent layers of air slots is called a magnetic channel 3;

[0075] The width of each magnetic conducting path on the D-axis is Wd1, Wd2,..., Wdn; the width of each magnetic conducting path on the Q-axis is Wq1, Wq2,..., Wqn;

[0076] The width of each magnetic barrier layer on the D-axis is Bd1, Bd2,..., Bdn;

[0077] The total magnetic circuit Td on the D-axis is the outer radius of the rotor, and the total magnetic circuit Tq on the Q-axis is the rotor radius minus the shaft hole radius;

[0078] The inner circle of the rotor core is referred to as the shaft hole 10.

[0079] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-starting synchronous reluctance motor rotor, characterized by: Comprising: Rotor core (1), air slots are opened on the rotor core (1) to form magnetic barrier layers (2); part of the magnetic barrier layers (2) between two adjacent layers is a magnetic flux channel (3); the width of each magnetic flux channel (3) in the direction of D-axis or parallel to D-axis is W d1 , W d2 ,..., W dn , n≥1, the total magnetic path width in the D-axis is T d , the number of rotor magnetic barrier layers under each pole is N B , and the proportion of the D-axis magnetic flux channel width in the total magnetic path width in the D-axis is: The magnetic flux conducting path closest to the D-axis and parallel to the D-axis is a first layer D-axis magnetic flux conducting path, and the width of the first layer D-axis magnetic flux conducting path is W d1 , and the ratio of the width of the first layer D-axis magnetic flux conducting path to the total magnetic flux conducting path width of the D-axis is:

2. The self-starting synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein: The width of each of the magnetic flux guide channels (3) on the Q-axis is W q1 , W q2 ,..., W qn , and the total magnetic circuit width on the Q-axis is T q , and the proportion of the sum of the widths of the Q-axis magnetic flux guide channels in the total magnetic circuit width on the Q-axis is:

3. The self-starting synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 2, wherein: a ratio of a sum of the Q-axis flux guide channel widths to a sum of the D-axis flux guide channel widths is:

4. The self-starting synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 2, wherein: The rotor core (1) further includes a rotor shaft hole (10) at the radially inner side thereof, and the T d R is the outer radius of the rotor core (1), and the T q R is the outer radius of the rotor core (1) minus the radius of the rotor shaft hole (10).

5. The self-starting synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 4, wherein: The rotor core (1) has an outer diameter of D R The shaft hole (10) has a diameter of D SFT The ratio of the diameter of the shaft hole to the outer diameter of the rotor core (1) is:

6. The self-starting synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 5, wherein:

7. The self-starting synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:

8. The self-starting synchronous reluctance machine rotor of any one of claims 1-7, wherein: D-axis 1st layer~Nth layer B -1 layer magnetic flux conducting channel width is W d1 , W d2 …W dNB-1 , D-axis 1st layer~Nth layer B -1 layer magnetic barrier layer width is B d1 , B d2 …B dNB-1 , and D-axis 2nd layer~Nth layer B -1 layer magnetic flux conducting channel and magnetic barrier layer width ratio, and |W dn -B dn |≤10mm, W dn is the D-axis n layer magnetic flux conducting channel width, B dn is the D-axis n layer magnetic barrier layer width.

9. A self-starting synchronous reluctance machine, characterized by: A self-starting synchronous reluctance machine rotor of any one of claims 1-8.

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