Electromagnetic brake

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic brake (20) having a housing (21) and a coil unit (26), wherein the coil unit (26) is form-locked to the housing (21), wherein the coil unit (26) is form-locked to the housing (21) by means of a snap-fit ​​connection (34), and wherein at least one snap hook (27) of the coil unit (26) is supported at the web of the housing (21).

Description

[0001] This invention relates to an electromagnetic brake. Furthermore, this invention relates to a method for assembling an electromagnetic brake.

[0002] Such electromagnetic brakes are known from DE 10 2017 000 845 A1 and JP H05 256 330A. In JP H05 256 330A, the coil unit is connected to the housing by means of an injected and subsequently cured impregnating material. Furthermore, the housing has a protrusion on its inner wall that retains the composite of the cured impregnating material and the coil unit within the housing.

[0003] Other electromagnetic brakes are known from DE 10 2012 001 701 B3, DE 41 09 786 A1, DE 102014 001474B4, DE 100 49 168C2 or DE 28 32 723 C2 and KR 101 299558B1.

[0004] Based on existing technology, the object of the present invention is to create an improved electromagnetic brake that can be assembled in a particularly simple manner.

[0005] This objective is achieved by a method having the electromagnetic brake of the present invention and a method for using the electromagnetic brake of the present invention. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims and in the description below.

[0006] According to the present invention, an improved electromagnetic brake is thus created, which has a housing and a coil unit, wherein the coil unit is (preferably only) shaped-locked to the housing: the coil unit is shaped-locked to the housing by means of a snap-fit ​​connection, wherein at least one snap hook of the coil unit is supported at the web of the housing.

[0007] The latch is sized and designed in such a way, in each case, that when the coil unit is assembled in the housing, the latch can be elastically deformed by applying force, allowing it to engage with a slot provided in the housing. Here, the force acts specifically parallel to the central axis of the housing in the direction of its bottom.

[0008] According to existing technology, such as casting the coil unit material into the housing using synthetic resin, the assembly in the electromagnetic brake according to the invention can be simplified compared to existing technology, allowing the electromagnetic brake to be assembled more easily in a semi-automatic or fully automatic manner. These advantages are also present compared to force-locking connections. Accordingly, simple assembly can be achieved in manufacturing plants designed in the sense of Industry 4.0, especially with the aid of robots.

[0009] The housing has a generally hollow cylindrical and annular shape, with openings at its end faces and at the bottom opposite to the end faces. Preferably, the housing is designed as a single piece. The material of the housing is chosen such that its hardness is sufficient to withstand the forces generated during one or more braking operations, and its temperature resistance is sufficient to withstand the temperatures generated during one or more braking operations. Furthermore, the material of the housing is preferably magnetic.

[0010] Preferably, the coil unit has a generally annular geometry with an outwardly open C-shaped cross-section. The coil unit is designed as a coil carrier and is suitable for receiving one or more coils or storing them in or on its own.

[0011] Due to the generally annular geometry of the coil unit, the coil unit preferably has at least three latching hooks. Of course, other numbers of latching hooks are also conceivable, wherein the number is preferably determined taking into account the forces that may occur.

[0012] For example, the snap hook can be an integral part of the coil unit. However, it is also conceivable that the snap hook is a separate component and is connected to the coil unit.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, the coil unit is fixed relative to the housing to prevent rotation. Preferably, the positioning protrusion arranged at the coil unit is a corresponding, similarly shaped, preferably identically shaped receiving portion that engages with the housing, thus fixing the coil unit relative to the housing to prevent rotation. However, it is also conceivable that a corresponding receiving portion is arranged in the coil unit and a corresponding positioning protrusion is arranged at or within the housing.

[0014] Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous that the coil unit is positioned in the housing such that it is flexible, and therefore axially movable relative to the housing, at least in the region where it is form-locked to the housing, to simplify assembly. For this purpose, the coil unit may have a shoulder on its side facing the bottom of the housing, so that the flexibility of the coil unit is achieved at least outside the shoulder. This shoulder is preferably located at the diameter of the generally annular coil unit, which is as far away as possible from the diameter of the coil unit where the snap hooks are arranged. Outside the shoulder, for example in the inner diameter region where the snap hooks are arranged, a space is left between the coil unit and the bottom of the housing. This space can serve as a form of spring path so that, during assembly, the coil unit can be axially pressed towards the housing due to its partial flexibility, so that the snap hooks can more easily engage with the slots in the housing.

[0015] In addition to the housing and coil unit, the electromagnetic brake preferably includes a pole core, at least one compression spring, an armature plate, a brake disc, and friction pads, all energized by the coil unit and arranged within it. The coil unit, pole core, compression spring, armature plate, brake disc, and friction pads are preferably arranged within the housing. Preferably, the coil unit, armature plate, brake disc, and friction pads, or at least one of them, are introduced into and connected to the housing via an opening at the end face within the assembly range. This also preferably applies to the compression spring. The pole core may be an integral part of the housing.

[0016] The materials chosen for the pole core, armature plate, brake disc, and friction pads are such that their hardness is sufficient to withstand the forces generated during one or more braking operations, and their temperature resistance is sufficient to withstand the temperatures generated during one or more braking operations. Furthermore, the pole core is made of a magnetic material so that it can be excited by a coil unit.

[0017] The brake disc is preferably arranged between an axially movable armature plate and a friction pad, and is adapted to be rotatable and axially movable. At least one compression spring is arranged and adapted such that the armature plate can be axially moved toward the brake disc by its compressive force. Conversely, the coil unit and pole core are arranged and adapted such that a pulling force can be generated by the pole core electromagnetically excited by the coil unit, by which the armature plate can be axially moved away from the brake disc.

[0018] The brake disc can be connected to a shaft, particularly a drive shaft, especially the output shaft of the electrode. Here, it may be necessary that the housing, coil unit, pole core, compression spring, armature plate, and friction plate, or at least one of them, be designed as annular, i.e., each has a hole or opening to guide the shaft through that hole or opening.

[0019] In the first operating state of the electromagnetic brake, i.e., during braking, the armature plate presses the brake disc against the friction pads by means of the compressive force of at least one compression spring, thereby braking the brake disc through the braking torque generated between the brake disc and the friction pads and / or between the brake disc and the armature plate. Preferably, the friction pads and / or the armature plate have appropriately structured surfaces on their respective sides facing the brake disc to ensure optimal deceleration of the brake disc during braking.

[0020] In the second operating state of the electromagnetic brake, i.e., in release, the brake disc is arranged at intervals with the armature plate by means of the tension generated by the coil unit and the pole core (which is greater than the compression force of at least one compression spring), so that the free rotation of the brake disc is possible and thus makes unbraked rotation possible.

[0021] In an advantageous embodiment, the armature plate is axially guided within the housing via a slotted-protrusion connection, wherein at least one guide slot, preferably three, and at least one associated guide protrusion, preferably three, are provided. In addition to axial guidance, the guide slots of the slotted-protrusion connection also function to restrict the circumferential rotatability of the armature plate, allowing rotatability only within the clearance necessary for axial movement. The corresponding guide slots are preferably arranged within the housing and, particularly, formed in the outer wall of the housing. The outer wall closes outward in the region of the slotted-protrusion connection and therefore, particularly in the region of the guide slots, because the guide slots do not appear as through holes in the outer wall but rather as recesses within it. According to this understanding, a through hole that can be completely traversed by a guide protrusion is not a guide slot. It is also conceivable that guide slots, particularly notched guide slots, are arranged in the armature plate, and corresponding protrusions with corresponding protrusion shapes are arranged in the housing as guide protrusions, wherein these protrusions are preferably designed as an integral part of the housing and, particularly, formed in the outer wall of the housing. In both cases mentioned above, the housing wall is closed outwards in the area of ​​the slotted joint. This provides better protection against environmental impacts. Furthermore, in an advantageous configuration, there are no moving elements, such as guide protrusions, protruding from the housing, thus preventing unnecessary collisions with other components.

[0022] To enable the armature plate to be guided without getting stuck in the housing, three guide grooves and three guide protrusions are preferably provided. Preferably, these guide grooves and guide protrusions are evenly distributed on the circumference of the housing or armature plate. The outer contour of the guide protrusion is designed to be similar in shape to, or preferably identical in shape to, the inner contour of the guide groove, wherein a gap sufficient to allow axial movement of the armature plate is provided between the outer contour of the guide protrusion and the inner contour of the guide groove.

[0023] Preferably, the armature plate is axially guided within the housing solely via the aforementioned slotted connection. No other guiding elements, such as guide studs or guide sleeves, are required for guiding the armature plate within the housing. These other guiding elements can therefore be omitted, thus reducing design and manufacturing costs. This is particularly applicable to situations where the guiding elements are force-locked to the housing using screws, for example. Compared to existing technologies, this simplifies assembly, allowing the electromagnetic brake to be assembled more easily in a semi-automatic or fully automatic manner. These advantages also apply compared to material-locked connections.

[0024] An advantageous approach is to have the friction plate engaged with the housing in a locking manner, preferably a bayonet connection, and / or fixed relative to the housing to prevent rotation, wherein such a bayonet connection is also referred to as a bayonet lock.

[0025] In other words, corresponding geometries are provided at the housing and at the friction plate, and these geometries are designed and adapted so that the housing and the friction plate can be connected in a form-locking manner by means of these geometries. This type of form-locking, and particularly bayonet-like connection can be specifically achieved by first inserting, placing, laying flat, standing upright, or pushing the housing and the friction plate into each other, thereby causing the housing and the friction plate to mesh with each other.

[0026] The preferred embodiment of the bayonet connection, also known as a bayonet lock, is described in detail below. This bayonet connection is a preferred special form of the form-locking connection according to the present invention.

[0027] The friction plate is designed as a generally circular, and preferably annular, disc, with at least one outward-facing protrusion on its circumference, by means of which the friction plate is form-locked and snap-fitted into the housing. To prevent the friction plate from lifting out of the housing, at least two protrusions are required. Preferably, the friction plate comprises three protrusions, each arranged at a 120° angle on its circumference. That is, the friction plate is preferably designed to be rotationally symmetrical, so that the protrusions are evenly distributed on the circumference of the friction plate. Of course, other numbers of protrusions are also conceivable.

[0028] The housing has at least one recess in the region of its end face, which has an adjacent receiving groove. That is, the recess is located in the web of the housing at the end face, the web being formed by the outer shell wall of the housing and defining the receiving groove. The housing has one such recess for each protrusion of the friction plate, which has an adjacent receiving groove in each case, i.e., preferably three recesses. Of course, other numbers of recesses are also conceivable, each having an adjacent receiving groove in each case. These recesses are each located in the housing at a position corresponding to the protrusion. These recesses make it possible to insert the friction plate or its protrusion into the receiving groove, thereby enabling a form-locking connection between the housing and the friction plate. The receiving grooves preferably extend in segments around and spaced apart from each other in the outer shell wall of the housing. The advantage of this segmented arrangement of the receiving grooves is that the final assembly position of the friction plate in the housing can be easily predetermined by the receiving groove's ends, which are away from the recesses and, in particular, closed, thus simplifying subsequent assembly steps. The closed ends of the receiving slots each define a bayonet seat, making it easier to locate the final assembly position during assembly. Alternatively, a single receiving slot that surrounds the entire circumference can be provided instead of several separate receiving slots for the protrusions of the friction pads.

[0029] To create the bayonet connection, the first step is to guide the protrusions of the friction plate through the recesses in the housing. The contours of the protrusions and the recesses in the housing are coordinated so that the protrusions pass through these recesses to reach the mounting position with sufficient clearance. In the second step, the protrusions of the friction plate move from the recesses into the receiving grooves in the housing, thus moving the protrusions in the rotational direction. Here, the friction plate and the housing rotate relative to each other in a manner typical for bayonet locks. The material thickness of the protrusions and the width of the receiving grooves are coordinated so that the protrusions have sufficient clearance within the receiving grooves to move in the rotational direction.

[0030] No additional components are required for creating the connection between the friction plate and the housing. In the prior art, the connection between the friction plate and the housing, or the connection between the friction plate and other electromagnetic brake components, is achieved through force-locking, particularly by means of screws. Compared to the prior art, this simplifies assembly, allowing the electromagnetic brake to be assembled more easily in a semi-automatic or fully automatic manner. These advantages are also present compared to material-locking connections.

[0031] During braking, the friction pads are pressed against the outermost web of the housing's limiting receiving slot by the compressive force generated by at least one compression spring via the armature plate and brake disc. During release, the friction pads are pulled against the inner web of the receiving slot by the magnetic field generated by the coil unit and pole core, or the tension generated therefrom. Although a purely form-locked connection is created between the housing and the friction pads during assembly of the electromagnetic brake, during operation, the friction pads are pulled or pressed against the web of the receiving slot of the limiting housing by the forces acting therein. Therefore, vibration at the friction pads during operation of the electromagnetic brake can be reduced or even avoided, and thus noise development can be reduced or even avoided.

[0032] Especially during the operation of the electromagnetic brake, the friction plate is fixed relative to the housing to prevent rotation. This prevents the friction plate from rotating after the form-locking, particularly bayonet-like, connection is manufactured, thus preventing loosening of the connection between the friction plate and the housing. Particularly after the friction plate is positioned in the receiving groove, it can no longer rotate out of the receiving groove in the direction of the adjacent recess, which could lead to loosening of the connection between the friction plate and the housing when the protrusion and recess coincide. Preferably, for such anti-rotation devices, the friction plate preferably has a correspondingly formed contour in at least one of the protrusions, with the fixing element subsequently engaging with this contour. That is, the anti-rotation device can be manufactured through the form-locking between the friction plate and the fixing element.

[0033] Advantageously, the friction plate is fixed relative to the housing by at least one fixing element to prevent rotation, and this fixing element is a connecting element for attaching the electromagnetic brake to a component, such as for flange attachment to a motor or rope drum. The fixing element may be, for example, a pin or screw, which subsequently engages with the contour of the friction plate and thereby forms a form-locking anti-rotation device.

[0034] Preferably, the fixing element is guided through a recess in a hole in the housing and a protrusion in the friction plate. Neither the hole in the housing nor the recess in the protrusion of the friction plate has threads, so that when a screw is used, a purely form-locking connection is also created between the fixing element and the friction plate and between the fixing element and the housing.

[0035] Depending on the set working load of the electromagnetic brake, it may be necessary to use several fixing elements. For each fixing element, it is preferable to have a corresponding protrusion with a notch at the friction plate. However, if the number of fixing elements is less than the number of protrusions, it is conceivable that not every protrusion will have a corresponding profile or notch.

[0036] If, in order to attach the electromagnetic brake to the component, more connecting elements than the anti-rotation device of the friction plate are required where appropriate, the remaining connecting elements can be guided through the electromagnetic brake at other locations independent of the friction plate or its protrusions, or the remaining connecting elements can be fixed to the electromagnetic brake.

[0037] In general, the assembly of the electromagnetic brake according to the present invention does not require force-locking or material-locking connection techniques. The electromagnetic brake can be assembled solely via form-locking connections. Therefore, the assembly of the electromagnetic brake according to the present invention is simpler to perform compared to existing technologies. Mainly, assembly can be carried out more easily in a semi-automatic or fully automatic manner. Accordingly, simple assembly can be achieved in manufacturing plants designed in the sense of Industry 4.0, especially with the aid of robots.

[0038] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a lifting mechanism comprising an electromagnetic brake according to the invention. In this application, the electromagnetic brake can be used, for example, to hold a load or to brake a lifting mechanism drive unit configured for lifting and lowering the load. For this purpose, the brake disc of the electromagnetic brake is connected to a corresponding component of the lifting mechanism, i.e., the drive shaft of the lifting mechanism drive unit or the lifting mechanism motor, or to the rope reel of the lifting mechanism. The housing can be directly placed flat on the corresponding component for assembly, particularly eliminating the need to place the friction pads flat on the lifting mechanism drive unit or the rope reel, and especially eliminating the need for air gaps and seals between the housing and the component.

[0039] For example, lifting mechanisms can be installed in cranes or fixed lifting devices, mostly used for lifting and lowering loads. In the case of cranes, in particular, loads are lifted and lowered at different locations by horizontal movement within the crane's working area.

[0040] According to the present invention, a method for assembling an electromagnetic brake according to one of the foregoing embodiments is thus created: a coil unit is inserted into a housing such that at least one locating protrusion of the coil unit engages with a corresponding receiving portion of the housing to prevent rotation of the coil unit, and / or the coil unit is axially and lockingly connected to the housing by means of a snap-fit ​​connection, wherein at least one snap hook of the coil unit is supported at the web of the housing. However, it is also conceivable that the corresponding receiving portion is arranged in the coil unit and a corresponding locating protrusion is arranged at or within the housing.

[0041] In an advantageous embodiment, the armature plate is inserted into the housing such that at least one guide protrusion of the armature plate is guided in a corresponding guide groove in the housing. Preferably, the assembly step of the armature plate in the housing occurs after the above assembly steps of the coil unit.

[0042] Particularly advantageously, the friction plate is inserted into a recess in the housing and engaged with the housing by a receiving groove adjacent to the recess through relative movement in the rotational direction, wherein at least one protrusion, preferably three protrusions, of the friction plate and the recess are no longer axially aligned after the relative movement. In other words, the friction plate is form-locked, preferably snap-fitted, to the housing by guiding the protrusion of the friction plate through the recess to the receiving groove adjacent to the recess in the housing and guiding the protrusion away from the recess and into the receiving groove. The friction plate is rotated relative to the housing to at least this extent that at least the contour of the protrusion and the corresponding negative contour of the recess are no longer axially aligned. Subsequently, an anti-rotation device for the friction plate can also be manufactured as described above. Preferably, the assembly step of the friction plate in the housing occurs last, i.e., after the above assembly steps of the coil unit and the armature plate.

[0043] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a crane.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic partial view of one embodiment of the electromagnetic brake according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 According to Figure 2 A schematic exploded view of the electromagnetic brake according to the present invention, representing an embodiment.

[0047] Figure 4aAccording to Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of a housing according to one embodiment.

[0048] Figure 4b This is a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of the housing.

[0049] Figure 5 According to Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of a friction pad according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0050] Figure 6 According to Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of an armature plate according to one embodiment.

[0051] Figure 7 According to Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of a coil unit according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0052] Figure 8a , Figure 8b and Figure 9 According to Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic brake according to the present invention, representing an embodiment.

[0053] Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 According to different assembly states Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of an electromagnetic brake according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 1An exemplary structure of crane 1 is shown in a perspective view. It can be seen that crane 1 is designed as a bridge crane in the form of a single-girder bridge crane, having a crane beam 2 movably arranged along a crane track (not shown). The crane beam 2 can move under the drive of a motor, particularly an electric motor, in a generally horizontal direction of travel F spanning its longitudinal direction x. For this purpose, exemplary electric motor-driven traveling mechanisms 5 and 6 are each arranged at opposite ends 3 and 4 of the crane beam 2, these traveling mechanisms being supported at respective crane tracks (not shown in detail here) of the crane track. A crane trolley 7 is arranged at the crane beam 2, the crane trolley having a lifting device, exemplaryly designed as a hoist, which, together with the lifting device and its lifting mechanism h, also driven by a motor or electric motor, can move along the crane beam 2 parallel to its longitudinal direction x under the drive of a motor, particularly an electric motor. The operation of the crane 1, particularly the movement and function control of the traveling mechanisms 5 and 6, the crane trolley 7 and their respective drive units, and the lifting mechanism h, is performed via a control switch 8, which is designed herein as a suspended control switch connected by a cable. The control switch 8 is communicatively connected to the control unit 9.

[0055] Crane 1 is used to lift and lower loads (not shown) at different locations by means of lifting mechanism h, and to move the load horizontally in the travel direction F by means of traveling mechanisms 5, 6 and / or in the longitudinal direction x by means of crane trolley 7 within the working area of ​​the crane. Lifting mechanism h includes an electromagnetic brake 20 according to the invention (see, for example...). Figure 2 In this application, the electromagnetic brake 20 can be used, for example, to hold the load or to brake a drive mechanism configured to lift and lower the load. For this purpose, the brake disc 29 of the electromagnetic brake 20 is connected to the drive shaft of the lifting mechanism drive or to the shaft of the rope drum of the lifting mechanism h.

[0056] However, such lifting mechanisms h with the electromagnetic brake 20 according to the invention can also be installed on other types of cranes or another type of fixed lifting device.

[0057] Figure 2 A schematic partial view of one embodiment of an electromagnetic brake 20 according to the present invention is shown. Besides a housing 21 and friction pads 22, the electromagnetic brake 20 includes a coil unit 26, an electrode core 31 disposed within and energizable by the coil unit 26, at least one compression spring 30, an armature plate 25, and a brake disc 29. In the assembled state shown, the friction pads 22, coil unit 26, electrode core 31, compression spring 30, armature plate 25, and brake disc 29 are arranged within the housing 21.

[0058] The annular friction plate 22 is connected to the housing 21 via a bayonet connection 23 in a form-locking manner. For this purpose, the friction plate 22 has three protrusions 22a disposed in segmented, surrounding receiving grooves 21c disposed within the housing 21. To this end, the protrusions 22a are aligned to align with recesses 21b in the housing 21, moved axially into the recesses 21b, and rotated in the rotational direction by subsequent relative movement, thus guiding these protrusions into the receiving grooves 21c adjacent to the recesses 21b, for example, by rotating the friction plate 22 clockwise or the housing 21 counterclockwise.

[0059] Specifically, during operation of the electromagnetic brake 20, the friction plate 22 is secured relative to the housing 21 by means of three fixing elements 100 to prevent rotation. This prevents the friction plate 22 from rotating after being positioned within its assembly range, thereby causing the protrusion 22a to move out of the receiving groove 21c in the direction of the recess 21b, thus preventing accidental loosening of the bayonet connection 23 between the friction plate 22 and the housing 21. The fixing elements 100 are connecting elements used to attach the electromagnetic brake 20 to components, particularly for flange attachment to the motor or rope drum of the lifting mechanism h. An exemplary fixing element 100 is a screw.

[0060] In each case, the retaining element 100 is guided through a through-hole 21e in the outer wall 21i of the housing 21 and through a recess 22b in the associated protrusion 22a of the friction plate 22. No threads are provided in either the through-hole 21e or the recess 22b, thereby creating a purely form-locking connection between the retaining element 100 and the friction plate 22, and between the retaining element 100 and the housing 21.

[0061] The number of fixing elements 100, and therefore the number of recesses 22b in the protrusions 22a of the friction plate 22, may also be less than the number of protrusions 22a. If, in order to attach the electromagnetic brake 20 to the component, more connecting elements than the anti-rotation device of the friction plate 22 are required where appropriate, the remaining connecting elements can be guided through the electromagnetic brake 20 at other locations independent of the friction plate 22 or its protrusions 22a, or the remaining connecting elements can be fixed to the electromagnetic brake 20.

[0062] An axially movable armature plate 25 is arranged on the coil unit 26. The armature plate 25 exemplarily has three guide protrusions 25a, which are used to axially guide the armature plate 25 in guide grooves 21a built into the outer wall 21i of the housing 21. Thus, a slot-protrusion connection 32 exists between the armature plate 25 and the housing 21.

[0063] The brake disc 29 is arranged between the armature plate 25 and the friction pad 22, and is adapted to be rotatable and axially movable. The brake disc 29 has a built-in gear ring 29a by means of which the brake disc 29 can be connected to a drive shaft (not shown) braked by an electromagnetic brake 20.

[0064] At least one compression spring 30 is arranged and fitted such that the armature plate 25 can be axially moved toward the brake disc 29 by its compression force. In the illustrated embodiment, six compression springs 30 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the electromagnetic brake 20 within the outer shell wall 21i of the housing 21. However, it is also conceivable that a number of compression springs 30 other than six may preferably be evenly distributed on the circumference of the electromagnetic brake 20. Alternatively, a single compression spring 30 may be arranged such that it partially or completely surrounds the pole core 31.

[0065] The coil unit 26 and the pole core 31 are arranged and adapted such that the pole core 31, which is electromagnetically excited by the coil unit 26, can generate a pulling force, and the armature plate 25 can move axially away from the brake disc 29 by resisting the elastic force of the compression spring 30 through this pulling force.

[0066] In the first operating state of the electromagnetic brake 20, i.e., during braking, the armature plate 25 presses the brake disc 29 against the friction pad 22 by means of the compressive force of at least one compression spring 30, so as to brake the brake disc 29 by means of the braking torque generated between the brake disc 29 and the friction pad 22 and / or between the brake disc 29 and the armature plate 25. The brake disc 29 has one or more brake pads 29b on two opposite sides in its outer diameter region (see... Figure 8a and Figure 8b Preferably, the friction pads 22 and / or the armature plate 25 have appropriately structured surfaces on their respective sides facing the brake disc 29 to ensure optimal deceleration of the brake disc 29 during braking.

[0067] In the second operating state of the electromagnetic brake 20, i.e., in release, the brake disc 29 is arranged at intervals with the armature plate 25 by means of the tension generated by the coil unit 26 and the pole core 31 (this tension is greater than the compression force of the six compression springs 30), allowing the brake disc 29 to rotate freely and thus enabling rotation without braking. In the second operating state, with sufficient tension, the armature plate 25 can rest flat on the shoulder 21f of the outer shell wall 21i of the housing 21 (see, for example...). Figure 4a And it is supported here.

[0068] During braking, the friction pad 22 is pressed against the outermost web of the receiving groove 21c by the compressive force generated by the compression spring 30 via the armature plate 25 and the brake disc 29. The outermost web of the receiving groove 21c restricts the first opening 21m of the housing 21, which is opposite to the bottom 21k of the housing 21 (see example). Figure 3 During release, the friction plate 22 is pulled toward the inner web of the receiving slot 21c in the direction of the bottom 21k by means of the magnetic field generated by the coil unit 26 and the pole core 31 or the pulling force generated therefrom.

[0069] Although a purely form-locking bayonet connection 23 is created between the housing 21 and the friction plate 22 during assembly of the electromagnetic brake 20, during operation, the friction plate 22 is pulled or pressed against the web of the limiting receiving groove 21c by the forces acting therein. Therefore, vibration at the friction plate 22 during operation of the electromagnetic brake 20 can be reduced or even avoided, and thus noise development can be reduced or even avoided.

[0070] Figure 3 It shows that according to Figure 2 A schematic exploded view of the electromagnetic brake 20 according to the invention, representing an embodiment. It can be clearly seen that the structure or related components of the electromagnetic brake 20, the housing 21, the coil unit 26, the armature plate 25, the brake disc 29, and the friction pad 22, are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction of the electromagnetic brake 20. For assembly, the aforementioned components are aligned at the central axis 33 such that the holes 21h, 22d, 25c, 26c, and 29c in all components are concentrically oriented, for example, to accommodate a drive shaft. Subsequently, the aforementioned components are concentrically arranged in the housing 21 based on the central axis 33, wherein the components are aligned on their respective planes such that corresponding protrusions 22a, guide protrusions 25a, and positioning protrusions 26a can be inserted into corresponding recesses 21b, guide grooves 21a, and / or receiving portions 21d of the housing 21.

[0071] Additionally, for Figure 2 The implementation also applies similarly to Figure 3 The figure shown in the image.

[0072] Figure 4a It shows that according to Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of the housing 21 in the embodiment. The housing 21 has a generally hollow cylindrical and annular shape with a circular bottom surface. Here, the housing 21 is designed as a single piece.

[0073] The housing 21 has a first opening 21m at its end face opposite to the bottom 21k. The bottom 21k has a smaller second opening 21h compared to the first opening 21m. For example, the aforementioned drive shaft to be braked (not shown) can be guided through the second opening 21h. Furthermore, the housing 21 has specific shape details necessary for the assembly and function of the electromagnetic brake 20. These shape details will be discussed in the description below.

[0074] The first opening 21m extends to and is confined by the outer casing wall 21i. In the region of the first opening 21m, the housing 21 has three recesses 21b in the outer casing wall 21i, each recess having an adjacent receiving groove 21c. The recesses 21b are located at the web of the end face of the housing 21, which is formed by the outer casing wall 21i and confines the receiving grooves 21c. The receiving grooves 21c extend segmentally around and at intervals from each other in the outer casing wall 21i of the housing 21. The advantage of this segmented arrangement of the receiving grooves 21c is that the final assembly position of the friction plate 22 in the housing 21 can be easily predetermined by the ends of the receiving grooves 21c away from the recesses 21b, thus simplifying subsequent assembly steps. The recesses 21b make it possible to insert the friction plate 22 into the receiving grooves 21c, thereby enabling the manufacture of a bayonet connection 23 between the housing 21 and the friction plate 22.

[0075] The guide groove 21a for guiding the armature plate 25 is arranged such that the guide protrusion 25a of the armature plate 25 can be inserted into the guide groove 21a through the corresponding recess 21b. The armature plate 25 may be disposed on the shoulder 21f of the outer casing wall 21i of the housing 21, which connects the bottom 21k to the outer casing wall 21i.

[0076] The pole core 31 is annular and arranged within the housing 21, specifically embedded in or formed from the wall of the housing. The pole core 31 surrounding the opening 21h in the bottom 21k is spaced apart from the outer wall 21i of the housing 21 or from the shoulder 21f, allowing the coil unit 26 to be arranged between them. The pole core 31 and the housing 21 share the same central axis 33. In the illustrated embodiment, the pole core 31 is part of the housing 21. Because the pole core 31 must be made of magnetic material, in this embodiment, the entire housing 21 is made of magnetic material. A surrounding groove 28 is arranged at the outer diameter of the pole core 31, into which the latching hook 27 of the coil unit 26 can engage and be disposed. When a force parallel to the central axis 33 occurs in the direction of the first opening 21m, the latching hook 27 is supported at the web 28a of the limiting groove 28.

[0077] In addition, the housing 21 has a receiving portion 21d in its outer wall 21i or shoulder 21f, in which a positioning protrusion 26a of the coil unit 26 is inserted to fix the coil unit 26 relative to the housing 21 to prevent rotation.

[0078] Several blind holes 21g in the shoulder 21f are used to receive compression springs 30. These blind holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the shoulder 21f. In this embodiment, there are six blind holes 21g, thereby allowing all six compression springs 30 to be installed.

[0079] Several through holes 21e, extending parallel to the central axis 33 through the outer casing wall 21i of the housing 21, are used to guide the fixing element 100 through. Additionally, each through hole 21e extends through a receiving groove 21c for receiving the friction plate 22. The through holes 21e are not threaded.

[0080] Figure 4b A schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of housing 21 is shown. This embodiment is thus related to... Figure 4a The implementation shown is different: only a single receiving groove 21c is arranged around the entire circumference in the housing 21 or the outer wall 21i of the housing, and instead of a single circumferential groove 28 or circumferential web 28a for supporting the buckle hook 27, several of them are arranged in segments around the perimeter and spaced apart from each other.

[0081] However, these embodiments are also conceivable, in which only a single receiving slot 21c and a single slot 28 are provided, each arranged around the entire circumference, or the receiving slot 21c and slot 28 are each arranged in segments around the circumference and spaced apart from each other. Additionally, for... Figure 4a The implementation also applies similarly to Figure 4b The figure shown in the image.

[0082] Figure 5 It shows that according to Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of the friction plate 22 according to the embodiment. The friction plate 22 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical and includes three approximately semi-circular, outwardly facing protrusions 22a, each arranged at an angle of 120° around the circumference of the friction plate 22. The number of protrusions 22a can vary, but should be at least two to prevent the friction plate 22 from lifting off the housing 21. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the protrusions 22a are evenly distributed around the circumference of the friction plate 22. Each protrusion 22a has a notch 22b through which the fixing element 100 is inserted when the electromagnetic brake 20 is attached to other components, thereby preventing the friction plate 22 from rotating about the central axis 33. It is also conceivable that not every protrusion 22a has a notch 22b.

[0083] The friction plate 22 has a hole at its center, sized such that a drive shaft (not shown) to be braked can be guided through it. A recess 22c at the inner diameter of the friction plate 22 is used for better force flow within the friction plate 22 and for accurate gripping of the friction plate 22, for example by means of a robotic gripper, and for precise positioning of the friction plate 22 within the housing 21, even with small tolerances. The surface of the friction plate 22 is designed for optimal deceleration, at least corresponding to the sides provided for braking contact with the brake disc 29.

[0084] Figure 6 It shows that according to Figure 2A schematic perspective view of the armature plate 25 according to the embodiment. The armature plate 25 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical and includes three approximately semi-circular, outwardly facing guide protrusions 25a, each arranged at an angle of 120° on the circumference of the armature plate 25. These three guide protrusions 25a make it possible to guide the armature plate 25 without it getting stuck in the housing 21.

[0085] The armature plate 25 has a hole 25c at its center, sized to allow a drive shaft (not shown) to be braked to pass through. A recess 25b at the inner diameter of the armature plate 25 is used for better force flow within the armature plate 25 and for accurate gripping and positioning of the armature plate 25, for example by means of a robotic gripper, and for precise positioning of the armature plate 25 within the housing 21, even with small tolerances. The surface of the armature plate 25 is correspondingly designed for optimal deceleration, at least on the side facing the brake disc 29.

[0086] Figure 7 It shows that according to Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of the embodiment of coil unit 26. Coil unit 26 has a generally annular geometry with an outwardly open C-shaped cross section. The C-shaped cross section is formed by a generally horizontally extending upper leg 26d, a generally horizontally extending lower leg 26f, and a web 26e connecting the two legs 26d and 26f and extending at approximately right angles to the legs 26d and 26f.

[0087] In this embodiment, the coil unit 26 has eight latching hooks 27. However, the number of latching hooks 27 is determined by considering the forces occurring in two axial directions. Each latching hook 27 is sized and designed in terms of materials so that when the coil unit 26 is assembled in the housing 21, the latching hook can be elastically deformed outward by an applied force (which acts parallel to the central axis 33 in the direction of the bottom 21k of the housing 21), so that the latching hook 27 can engage with the slot 28. The latching hooks 27 are an integral part of the coil unit 26. However, it is also conceivable that the latching hooks 27 are separate components and connected to the coil unit 26.

[0088] Furthermore, the coil unit 26 has an approximately semi-circular positioning protrusion 26a, which is used to prevent the coil unit from rotating within the housing 21. Additionally, the positioning protrusion 26a can be used within the housing 21 (in which there are several segmented slots 28) to position each of the snap hooks 27 aligned with one of the slots 28 during assembly of the coil unit 26.

[0089] Coil unit 26 is designed as a coil carrier and is suitable for receiving one or more coils (not shown) necessary to generate a magnetic field. These coils are arranged or disposed in an outwardly open C-shaped structure of coil unit 26.

[0090] Figure 8a , Figure 8b and Figure 9 It shows that according to Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic brake 20 according to the present invention, representing an embodiment. Figure 8a and Figure 8b The structure of the assembled electromagnetic brake 20 can be clearly seen in the image.

[0091] The housing 21 has a notch sized to correspond to the dimensions of the coil unit 26 between its outer wall 21i and the pole core 31. This notch is designed to provide the necessary clearance for assembling the coil unit 26, and to ensure sufficient fixation of the coil unit 26 despite this clearance, particularly during operation of the electromagnetic brake 20. The snap hooks 27 of the coil unit 26 are located in the slot 28 and supported at the web 28a of the housing 21 (see...). Figure 9 That is, the coil unit 26 is only connected to the housing 21 in a locking manner.

[0092] An armature plate 25 is positioned between the first opening 21m of the housing 21 and the coil unit 26. To allow the armature plate 25 to rest flat on the shoulder 21f, the upper leg 26d of the coil unit 26 facing the first opening 21m of the housing 21 is correspondingly spaced from the shoulder 21f. A pulling force is generated by the pole core 31 excited by the coil unit 26, allowing the armature plate 25 to move axially away from the brake disc 29 to release the brake 20.

[0093] Six compression springs 30 are each arranged in a blind hole 21g. Figure 8a and Figure 8b The diagram shows each of them having only one blind hole 21g and a compression spring 30. The compression spring 30 is adapted to axially move the armature plate 25 toward the brake disc 29 by its compression force, thereby braking.

[0094] Friction pads 22 are arranged between the end face of the housing 21 and the brake disc 29. The brake disc 29, arranged between the axially movable armature plate 25 and the friction pads 22, is adapted to be rotatable about a central axis 33 and axially movable. The brake disc 29 has one or more brake pads 29b on two opposing sides in its outer diameter region. Here, in particular, optimal braking can be achieved in conjunction with the surfaces of the aforementioned friction pads 22 and / or armature plate 25.

[0095] exist Figure 9 Enlarged to show Figure 8a and Figure 8b The area from which the installation of the coil unit 26 in the housing 21 can be clearly seen, as well as the C-shaped cross section formed by the legs 26d, 26f and the web 26e, which opens outward toward the outer shell wall 21i.

[0096] The shown snap hook 27, like the remaining snap hooks 27, is an integral part of the coil unit 26, engaging the groove 28 and supporting the coil unit 26 at the web 28a of the housing 21. Thus, the coil unit 26 is form-locked to the housing 21 by means of the snap connection 34.

[0097] To create the snap-fit ​​connection 34, the snap-fit ​​hook 27 elastically deforms in the direction of the outer shell wall 21i of the housing 21. In other words, the snap-fit ​​hook 27 bends radially outward when assembling the coil unit 26 so as to subsequently snap radially inward into the groove 28 of the housing 21. For this purpose, the coil unit 26 has a groove-shaped notch extending along the web 26e in the region of the snap-fit ​​hook 27. This elastic deformation occurs due to a force that acts specifically parallel to the central axis 33 in the direction of the bottom 21k of the housing 21.

[0098] A shoulder 26b of the coil unit 26 is provided at the bottom 21k of the housing 21. The shoulder 26b creates a space between the coil unit 26 and the housing 21 in the diametrical region where the snap hook 27 is arranged. Here, the coil unit 26 can move axially relative to the housing 21 in the region of the snap connection 34 to simplify assembly. That is, this space can serve as a form of spring path, whereby, during coil unit assembly, the leg 26f of the coil unit 26 near the bottom 21k is pressed towards the bottom 21k of the housing 21 around the shoulder 26b, which serves as a fulcrum, and thus bends in that direction so that the snap hook 27 can more easily engage with the slot 28 of the housing 21. In other words, the coil unit 26 is adapted to be flexible or resilient, thereby ensuring the engagement of the snap hook 27 even in the event of manufacturing inaccuracies.

[0099] Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 It shows the different assembly states according to Figure 2 A schematic perspective view of the electromagnetic brake 20 according to the present invention, representing an embodiment.

[0100] exist Figure 10 Only the coil unit 26 installed in the housing 21 is shown. To prevent the coil unit 26 from rotating, a positioning protrusion 26a arranged on the coil unit engages with a corresponding receiving portion 21d on the housing 21. Therefore, a purely form-locking snap connection 34 is formed between the coil unit 26 and the housing.

[0101] exist Figure 11An armature plate 25 mounted in the housing 21 is also shown. The armature plate 25 is inserted into the housing 21 such that each guide protrusion 25a of the armature plate 25 is guided in a corresponding guide groove 21a of the housing 21. The armature plate 25 is axially guided in the housing 21 via a slot-protrusion connection 32 thus formed. The outer contour of the guide protrusion 25a is preferably designed to correspond to the inner contour of the guide groove 21a. However, a gap is provided between the outer contour of the guide protrusion 25a and the inner contour of the guide groove 21a sufficient to allow axial movement of the armature plate 25.

[0102] exist Figure 12 The image also shows a brake disc 29 and a friction pad 22 mounted in the housing 21. The friction pad 22 is form-locked to the housing 21 and is thus bayoneted. To establish the bayonet connection 23, a protrusion 22a of the friction pad 22 is guided through a recess 21b to a receiving groove 21c of the housing 21, and the protrusion moves in the rotational direction within the receiving groove. That is, the friction pad 22 and the housing 21 rotate relative to each other about the central axis 33. After the relative movement, the three protrusions 22a and recesses 21b of the friction pad 22 are no longer aligned axially, i.e., in a direction substantially parallel to the central axis 33.

[0103] When attaching the electromagnetic brake 20 to other components, three connecting elements can be guided through the through hole 21e and the corresponding positioned notch 22b at the protrusion 22a of the friction plate 22. In this case, all three connecting elements also serve as fixing elements 100.

[0104] Attached icon number

[0105] 1. Crane

[0106] 2. Crane beam

[0107] 3 ends

[0108] 4 ends

[0109] 5. Walking mechanism

[0110] 6. Walking mechanism

[0111] 7. Crane trolley

[0112] 8 Control Switch

[0113] 9 Control Unit

[0114] 20 Electromagnetic brake

[0115] 21. Shell

[0116] 21a Guide groove

[0117] 21b recess

[0118] 21c Receiver slot

[0119] 21d Receiving Unit

[0120] 21e Through Hole

[0121] 21f Protruding shoulder

[0122] 21g blind hole

[0123] 21h Second opening

[0124] 21i housing wall

[0125] 21k bottom

[0126] 21m First opening

[0127] 22 Friction Plates

[0128] 22a Protrusion

[0129] 22b Notch

[0130] 22c recess

[0131] 22d hole

[0132] 23. Bayonet connection

[0133] 25 Armature plate

[0134] 25a Guide protrusion

[0135] 25b recess

[0136] 25c hole

[0137] 26 coil units

[0138] 26a Positioning protrusion

[0139] 26b Protruding shoulder

[0140] 26c hole

[0141] 26D upper legs

[0142] 26e Web

[0143] 26F lower leg

[0144] 27 Clip hooks

[0145] 28 slots

[0146] 28a Web

[0147] 29 Brake disc

[0148] 29a gear ring

[0149] 29b Brake pads

[0150] 29c hole

[0151] 30 Compression Spring

[0152] 31 Extreme Core

[0153] 32-slot convex connection

[0154] 33. Central Axis

[0155] 34. Clip-on connection

[0156] 100 Fixed components

[0157] h lifting mechanism

[0158] F Direction of travel

[0159] x Vertical direction

Claims

1. An electromagnetic brake (20) having a housing (21) and a coil unit (26), wherein the coil unit (26) is form-lockedly connected to the housing (21), characterized in that, The coil unit (26) is connected to the housing (21) in a locking manner by means of a snap-fit ​​connection (34), wherein at least one snap hook (27) of the coil unit (26) is supported at the web (28a) of the housing (21), wherein the housing (21) has a hollow cylindrical shape and the inner circumference of the hollow cylindrical shape includes a receiving portion (21d), the coil unit (26) includes at least one positioning protrusion (26a) corresponding to the receiving portion (21d), and the receiving portion (21d) of the housing (21) engages with at least one positioning protrusion (26a) of the coil unit (26); The electromagnetic brake (20) is provided with a friction plate (22), which is fixed relative to the housing (21) by means of at least one fixing element (100) to prevent rotation, and the fixing element (100) is a connecting element for attaching the electromagnetic brake (20) to the component. In each case, the fixing element (100) is guided through a through hole (21e) in the outer wall (21i) of the housing (21) and through a recess (22b) in a protrusion (22a) at the through hole (21e) of the friction plate (22). The friction pad (22), the protrusion (22a), and the recess (22b) are located inside the housing (21), and the fixing element (100) cooperates with the recess (22b) inside the housing (21). The shoulder (26b) of the coil unit (26) is located at the bottom (21k) of the housing (21) and is diagonally opposite to the at least one snap hook (27). The shoulder (26b) is in direct contact with the housing (21) and creates a space between the coil unit (26) and the housing (21) and in the diametrical region where the snap hook (27) is arranged. This space serves as a form of spring path. The coil unit (26) is flexible and axially movable relative to the housing (21) in the region where it is form-locked to the housing (21). Thus, the coil unit (26) provides flexibility to allow the snap hook (27) to engage the slot (28) of the housing (21) during assembly.

2. The electromagnetic brake (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction plate is shaped to the housing (21) and is connected in a bayonet lock (23) type and / or fixed relative to the housing (21) to prevent rotation.

3. The electromagnetic brake (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The coil unit is fixed relative to the housing (21) to prevent rotation.

4. The electromagnetic brake (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The armature plate (25) is axially guided in the housing (21) via a slotted connection (32), wherein at least one guide groove (21a) is provided, and at least one guide protrusion (25a) associated with the guide groove (21a), wherein the guide groove (21a) corresponding to the guide protrusion (25a) is arranged in the housing (21).

5. The electromagnetic brake (20) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The coil unit (26) is arranged at the housing (21) such that the coil unit (26) is axially movable relative to the housing in the region where it is form-locked to the housing (21) to simplify assembly.

6. A lifting mechanism (h) having an electromagnetic brake (20) according to any one of the preceding claims.

7. A method for assembling an electromagnetic brake (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The armature plate (25) is inserted into the housing (21) having the pole core (31) such that at least one guide protrusion (25a) of the armature plate (25) is guided in the associated guide groove (21a) of the housing (21).

8. The method for assembling an electromagnetic brake (20) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The friction plate (22) is inserted into the recess (21b) of the housing (21) and the friction plate engages with the housing (21) by means of a receiving groove (21c) adjacent to the recess (21b) through relative movement in the rotational direction, wherein at least one of the protrusions (22a) of the friction plate (22) and the recess (21b) are no longer axially aligned after the relative movement.

9. The method for assembling an electromagnetic brake (20) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The coil unit (26) is inserted into the housing (21) such that at least one positioning protrusion (26a) of the coil unit (26) engages with the corresponding receiving portion (21d) of the housing (21) to prevent the coil unit from rotating, and / or the coil unit (26) is axially and lockingly connected to the housing (21) by means of a snap-fit ​​connection (34).

Images