A conversion circuit, a switching power supply, and an electronic device

Abstract

This application provides a conversion circuit, a switching power supply, and an electronic device. The conversion circuit mainly includes a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The input sides of the first and second sub-circuits are connected in series, and the output sides are connected in parallel; alternatively, the input sides of the first and second sub-circuits are connected in parallel, and the output sides are connected in series. This implementation method is beneficial for improving the efficiency of the conversion circuit. Including an inductor in the conversion circuit also helps to reduce the inductor size, thereby improving integration density.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic science and technology, and in particular to a conversion circuit, a switching power supply, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, electronic devices such as consumer electronics have experienced tremendous development and widespread adoption. As the hardware specifications and performance of electronic devices have gradually improved, optimizing the power consumption of electronic devices has become one of the key research areas in the field of electronic devices.

[0003] Specifically, electronic devices typically include a terminal battery, multiple power management units (PMUs), and multiple loads (such as chips, cameras, and displays). Each PMU is connected to one of these loads in a one-to-one correspondence. The input of each PMU is connected to the terminal battery, and the output of each PMU is connected to its corresponding load. Each PMU receives the battery voltage from the terminal battery and converts it into the operating voltage required by the load it corresponds to, thus powering that load.

[0004] As the hardware specifications and performance of electronic devices gradually improve, the battery voltage in these devices is increasing, while the operating voltage required by the load is decreasing. This necessitates a larger transformation ratio from the power management unit (PMU). However, an increased PMU transformation ratio leads to increased PMU losses. Furthermore, the large number of PMUs in most electronic devices makes PMU losses a significant factor affecting the overall power consumption of the electronic device.

[0005] Therefore, the current PMU unit still needs further research. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a conversion circuit, a switching power supply, and an electronic device to reduce the power consumption of the electronic device and improve its integration.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a conversion circuit, mainly including a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit includes a first connection terminal, a first input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal. The second sub-circuit includes a second connection terminal, a second input terminal, a third output terminal, and a fourth output terminal. The first connection terminal of the first sub-circuit is connected to the second connection terminal of the second sub-circuit. Specifically, the first sub-circuit can convert a first input voltage received through the first input terminal and the first connection terminal into the output voltage of the conversion circuit, and output the output voltage of the conversion circuit through the first output terminal and the second output terminal. The second sub-circuit can convert a second input voltage received through the second input terminal and the second connection terminal into the output voltage of the conversion circuit, and output the output voltage of the conversion circuit through the third output terminal and the fourth output terminal. The total input voltage of the conversion circuit includes the first input voltage and the second input voltage.

[0008] In the above conversion circuit, the input sides of the first and second sub-circuits are connected in series, and the output sides are connected in parallel. Assume the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is... The efficiency of the second sub-circuit is The efficiency of the first sub-circuit can be understood as the ratio of its output power to its input power, and the efficiency of the second sub-circuit can be understood as the ratio of its output power to its input power. The efficiency of the conversion circuit provided in this embodiment can be expressed as... , can also be expressed as The efficiency of the conversion circuit can be understood as the ratio of its output power to its input power. From the two representations above, it can be seen that when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit, the efficiency of the conversion circuit is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit; conversely, when the efficiency of the second sub-circuit is greater than the efficiency of the first sub-circuit, the efficiency of the conversion circuit is greater than the efficiency of the first sub-circuit. Compared to the implementation method of connecting two sub-circuits in series (efficiency is...), this is more efficient. Its value must be less than and The embodiments of this application are beneficial for improving the efficiency of the conversion circuit. When this conversion circuit is applied to a PMU, it is also beneficial for improving the efficiency of the PMU.

[0009] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outputs of the first and second sub-circuits are connected in parallel, and the input of the second sub-circuit is not affected by the output of the first sub-circuit, and vice versa. Therefore, the first and second sub-circuits can use different operating frequencies. Assuming that the second sub-circuit contains an inductor, it can use a higher operating frequency to reduce the size requirements of the inductor. Since the inductor is a major factor limiting the integration level of the PMU, using the conversion circuit provided in this embodiment also helps to improve the integration level of the PMU.

[0010] Since the input sides of the first and second sub-circuits are connected in series, their input currents are equal. The power transmitted by the first and second sub-circuits is mainly determined by the first input voltage of the first sub-circuit and the second input voltage of the second sub-circuit. In one possible implementation, when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than that of the second sub-circuit, the first input voltage is greater than the second input voltage; when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is less than that of the second sub-circuit, the first input voltage is less than the second input voltage.

[0011] This implementation method allows for the transmission of more power by a more efficient sub-circuit, which helps to reduce the overall loss of the conversion circuit and further improve its efficiency.

[0012] To adapt to changes in input voltage and target output voltage, the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit in this embodiment can be adjustable. For example, the first sub-circuit can have at least the following possible implementations:

[0013] Implementation method of the first sub-circuit

[0014] The first sub-circuit includes n+1 input switches, n isolation capacitors, and n output combinations. Each output combination includes two output switches, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The n+1 input switches are connected in series. The first electrode of the first input switch is connected to the first input terminal. The second electrode of the ith input switch is connected to the first electrode of the (i+1)th input switch via a first series node. The first electrode of the ith input switch is connected to the second electrode of the (i-1)th input switch via another first series node, where i is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to n. The second electrode of the (n+1)th input switch is connected as a first connection terminal to a second connection terminal. The n output combinations are connected in parallel. In each output combination, the first electrode of one output switch is connected to the first output terminal. The second electrode of one output switch is connected to the first electrode of another output switch via a second series node. The second electrode of the other output switch is connected to the second output terminal. The n first series nodes between the n+1 input switches, the n isolation capacitors, and the n second series nodes in the n output combinations are connected one-to-one. One end of each isolation capacitor is connected to the first series node corresponding to each isolation capacitor, and the other end of each isolation capacitor is connected to the second series node corresponding to each isolation capacitor.

[0015] The first sub-circuit provided in the above implementation method one can achieve n integer transformation ratios, with the maximum transformation ratio being n. That is, the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit can be set to any one of n, n-1, ..., 1. n is the number of isolation capacitors in the first sub-circuit. If the first sub-circuit includes 3 isolation capacitors, then the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit can be set to any one of 3, 2, or 1.

[0016] To further improve the efficiency of the conversion circuit, the first sub-circuit also includes n resonant inductors, each connected in series with one of the n isolation capacitors. Each resonant inductor and its corresponding isolation capacitor are connected in series between the first and second series nodes of each resonant inductor. By using n resonant inductors, the n+1 input switches and 2n output switches in the first sub-circuit can achieve zero-voltage turn-on, reducing switching losses and further improving the efficiency of the conversion circuit.

[0017] Method 2 for implementing the first sub-circuit

[0018] The first sub-circuit includes an isolation unit and a conversion unit. The high-potential input terminal of the conversion unit is connected to the high-potential output terminal of the isolation unit. The low-potential input terminal of the conversion unit and the low-potential output terminal of the isolation unit are grounded. The high-potential input terminal of the isolation unit is connected to a first input terminal, and the low-potential input terminal of the isolation unit serves as a first connection terminal connected to a second connection terminal. The isolation unit can receive a first input voltage and provide it to the conversion unit. The conversion unit can convert the first input voltage into the output voltage of the conversion circuit.

[0019] An exemplary isolation unit includes a first isolating switch, a second isolating switch, a third isolating switch, a fourth isolating switch, and an isolation capacitor. The first electrode of the first isolating switch is connected to a first input terminal. The second electrode of the first isolating switch is connected to both the first electrode of the second isolating switch and one end of the isolation capacitor. The second electrode of the second isolating switch is connected to the high-potential input terminal of the switching unit. The other end of the isolation capacitor is connected to both the second electrode of the third isolating switch and the first electrode of the fourth isolating switch. The first electrode of the third isolating switch serves as a first connection terminal connected to the second connection terminal. The second electrode of the fourth isolating switch is grounded.

[0020] Because the input side of the first sub-circuit and the input side of the second sub-circuit are connected in series in this embodiment, the low-potential input terminal of the first sub-circuit cannot be grounded. Therefore, a conversion unit with a grounded low-potential input terminal cannot be directly used. In view of this, by setting an isolation unit in the first sub-circuit, since the low-potential input terminal of the isolation unit does not need to be grounded, while the low-potential output terminal can be grounded, power can be supplied to a conversion unit with a grounded low-potential input terminal, allowing the first sub-circuit to use such a conversion unit for voltage conversion.

[0021] The conversion unit in this application embodiment can be implemented in various ways. For example, the following are some examples:

[0022] Example 1 of the conversion unit

[0023] The conversion unit may include K conversion capacitors, K first conversion switches, K-1 second conversion switches, and K-1 third conversion switches, where K is an integer greater than 1. The first to K-1th switching capacitors and K first switching transistors are connected alternately in sequence. The first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the high potential output terminal of the isolation unit. One end of the j-th switching capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the j-th switching transistor, and the other end of the j-th switching capacitor is connected to the first electrode of the (j+1)-th switching transistor. j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than K. The first to K-1th switching capacitors are also connected to K-1 second switching transistors and K-1 third switching transistors respectively. One end of the j-th switching capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor corresponding to the j-th switching capacitor, and the other end of the j-th switching capacitor is connected to the first electrode of the third switching transistor corresponding to the j-th switching capacitor. The first electrode of the K-1 second switching transistors is connected to the first output terminal, and the second electrode of the K-1 third switching transistors is grounded.

[0024] The turns ratio of this conversion unit can be equivalent to the first turns ratio of the first sub-circuit. Based on the above conversion unit, K integer turns ratios can be implemented, with the maximum turns ratio being K. That is, the first turns ratio of the first sub-circuit can be set to any one of K, K-1, ..., 1. K is the number of conversion capacitors in the first sub-circuit. If the conversion unit includes 5 isolation capacitors, then the first turns ratio of the first sub-circuit can be set to any one of 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1.

[0025] Example 2 of the conversion unit

[0026] The conversion unit includes K first conversion capacitors, K second conversion capacitors, K first conversion switches, K second conversion switches, K third conversion switches, and K fourth conversion switches, where K is an integer greater than 1. One end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K first conversion switches and the first electrode of each of the K second conversion switches, respectively. The other end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third conversion switches and the first electrode of each of the K fourth conversion switches, respectively. The second electrodes of the 1st to K-1th fourth conversion switches are connected to the first electrodes of the 2nd to Kth first conversion switches, respectively. The second electrode of the Kth fourth conversion switch is grounded, and the first electrode of the 1st first conversion switch is connected to the high-potential output terminal of the isolation unit.

[0027] Based on the above conversion unit, the maximum first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit can be 2K. The transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit can be set to any one of 2K, 2(K-1), ..., 2 and 1. K is the number of first conversion capacitors. If the conversion unit includes 2 first conversion capacitors, the transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit can be set to any one of 4, 2 and 1.

[0028] Example 3 of the conversion unit

[0029] The conversion unit includes K first conversion capacitors, K second conversion capacitors, K first conversion switches, K second conversion switches, K third conversion switches, and K fourth conversion switches, where K is an integer greater than 1. One end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K first conversion switches and the first electrode of each of the K second conversion switches, respectively. The other end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third conversion switches and the first electrode of each of the K fourth conversion switches, respectively. Among them, the second electrodes of the K fourth switching transistors are grounded, the second electrodes of the 1st to K-1st second switching transistors are connected one-to-one with the first electrodes of the 2nd to Kth first switching transistors, the second electrode of the Kth second switching transistor is connected to the first output terminal, and the first electrode of the 1st first switching transistor is connected to the high potential output terminal of the isolation unit.

[0030] Based on this conversion unit, the same transformation ratio as in Example 2 above can be achieved, and the details will not be repeated here.

[0031] Example 4 of the conversion unit

[0032] The conversion unit includes K first conversion capacitors, a first conversion switch, K second conversion switches, K third conversion switches, K fourth conversion switches, and a second conversion capacitor, where K is an integer greater than 1. One end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the first electrode of each of the K second conversion switches, and the other end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third conversion switches and the first electrode of each of the K fourth conversion switches. The second electrodes of the K fourth conversion switches are connected sequentially, with the first electrode of the first second conversion switch connected to the second electrode of the first conversion switch, and the second electrode of the Kth second conversion switch connected to the first output terminal. The first electrode of the first conversion switch is connected to the high-potential output terminal of the isolation unit. One end of each second conversion capacitor is connected to the first output terminal, and the other end of the second conversion capacitor is grounded.

[0033] Based on the above conversion unit, the maximum first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit can be K+1. The transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit can be set to any one of K+1, K, ..., 1. K is the number of first conversion capacitors. If the conversion unit includes two first conversion capacitors, the transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit can be set to any one of 3, 2, and 1.

[0034] In the above example, the first sub-circuit can primarily achieve integer turns ratios. In one possible implementation, the first sub-circuit also includes a first regulating inductor, connected to a first output terminal, used to output the output voltage of the conversion circuit obtained by the first sub-circuit. By setting the first regulating inductor, the first sub-circuit can more precisely adjust the output voltage. That is, the first turns ratio can continuously change within a certain range, and the value of the first can be a non-integer.

[0035] As mentioned earlier, a second regulating inductor can be included in the second sub-circuit. In this case, the second regulating inductor can be electromagnetically coupled to the first regulating inductor. Compared to two discrete inductors, the first and second regulating inductors are coupled inductors, which helps to reduce their size. Moreover, it also helps to reduce the ripple of the output current in the first and second regulating inductors, thereby further improving the efficiency of the conversion circuit.

[0036] For example, the second sub-circuit in this application embodiment has at least the following possible implementations:

[0037] Method 1 for implementing the second sub-circuit:

[0038] The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, and a second regulating inductor. The first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the first connecting terminal as the second connection terminal. The second electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor and the first electrode of the second switching transistor, respectively. The second electrode of the second switching transistor is grounded. The other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to the third output terminal.

[0039] Method 2 for implementing the second sub-circuit:

[0040] The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a second regulating inductor, and a regulating capacitor; one end of the second regulating inductor is connected to the first connecting terminal as the second connection terminal, and the other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to the first electrode of the first switching transistor and the first electrode of the second switching transistor respectively; the second electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to one end of the regulating capacitor and the third output terminal respectively; the second electrode of the second switching transistor and the other end of the regulating capacitor are grounded.

[0041] The third implementation method for the second sub-circuit:

[0042] The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a third switching transistor, a fourth switching transistor, and a second regulating inductor, wherein: the first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the first connecting terminal as the second connection terminal; the second electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the first electrode of the second switching transistor and one end of the second regulating inductor; the other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to the second electrode of the third switching transistor and the first electrode of the fourth switching transistor; the first electrode of the third switching transistor is connected to the third output terminal; and the second electrodes of the second switching transistor and the second electrode of the fourth switching transistor are grounded.

[0043] The fourth implementation method for the second sub-circuit:

[0044] The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first regulating capacitor, a second regulating capacitor, a second regulating inductor, and a third regulating inductor, wherein: one end of the third regulating inductor is connected to the first connecting terminal as the second connection terminal; the other end of the third regulating inductor is connected to the first electrode of the first switching transistor and one end of the second regulating capacitor, respectively; the other end of the second regulating capacitor is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor and the first electrode of the second switching transistor, respectively; the other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to one end of the first regulating capacitor and the third output terminal, respectively; the second electrode of the first switching transistor, the second electrode of the second switching transistor, and the other end of the first regulating capacitor are grounded.

[0045] The fifth implementation method for the second sub-circuit:

[0046] The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first regulating capacitor, a second regulating capacitor, a second regulating inductor, and a third regulating inductor, wherein: one end of the third regulating inductor serves as the second connection terminal and is connected to the first connection terminal; the other end of the third regulating inductor is connected to one end of the second regulating capacitor and the first electrode of the first switching transistor; the other end of the second regulating capacitor is connected to the first electrode of the second switching transistor and one end of the second regulating inductor; the second electrode of the second switching transistor is connected to one end of the first regulating capacitor and the third output terminal; the second electrode of the first switching transistor, the other end of the second regulating inductor, and the other end of the first regulating capacitor are grounded.

[0047] The sixth implementation method for the second sub-circuit:

[0048] The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first regulating capacitor, a second regulating capacitor, a second regulating inductor, and a third regulating inductor, wherein: the first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the first connecting terminal as the second connection terminal; the second electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to one end of the second regulating capacitor and one end of the third regulating inductor respectively; the other end of the second regulating capacitor is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor and the first electrode of the second switching transistor respectively; the other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to one end of the first regulating capacitor and the third output terminal respectively; the other end of the third regulating inductor, the second electrode of the second switching transistor, and the second end of the first regulating inductor are connected.

[0049] In this embodiment, the conversion circuit may further include a first input capacitor and a second input capacitor. One end of the first input capacitor is connected to a first input terminal, and the other end is connected to a first connection terminal. One end of the second input capacitor is connected to a second connection terminal, and the other end is connected to a second input terminal. The first input capacitor can filter the first input voltage, and the second input capacitor can filter the second input voltage.

[0050] The conversion circuit may also include an output capacitor, with one end connected to the first output terminal and the other end connected to the second output terminal. The output capacitor can filter the output voltage of the conversion circuit.

[0051] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a switching power supply, which mainly includes a conversion circuit and a controller. The conversion circuit can be any of the conversion circuits provided in the first aspect above. The technical effects of the corresponding solutions in the second aspect can be referred to the technical effects obtainable by the corresponding solutions in the first aspect; repeated details are not elaborated here.

[0052] The conversion circuit mainly includes a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit includes a first connection terminal, a first input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal. The second sub-circuit includes a second connection terminal, a second input terminal, a third output terminal, and a fourth output terminal. The first connection terminal of the first sub-circuit is connected to the second connection terminal of the second sub-circuit.

[0053] The controller is connected to the first sub-circuit and the second sub-circuit respectively. The controller can control the first sub-circuit to convert the first input voltage received through the first input terminal and the first connection terminal into the output voltage of the conversion circuit, and output the output voltage of the conversion circuit through the first output terminal and the second output terminal. The controller controls the second sub-circuit to convert the second input voltage received through the second input terminal and the second connection terminal into the output voltage of the conversion circuit, and output the output voltage of the conversion circuit through the third output terminal and the fourth output terminal. The total input voltage of the conversion circuit includes the first input voltage and the second input voltage.

[0054] To further improve the efficiency of the switching power supply, the controller can also control the first input voltage to be greater than the second input voltage when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than that of the second sub-circuit; and control the first input voltage to be less than the second input voltage when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is less than that of the second sub-circuit.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit are both adjustable. The controller can also adjust the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit according to the total input voltage of the conversion circuit and the target output voltage, respectively, when the output voltage of the conversion circuit is not equal to the target output voltage, so that the output voltage of the conversion circuit reaches the target output voltage.

[0056] By dynamically adjusting the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit, the switching power supply can flexibly adapt to changes in the total input voltage and the target output voltage.

[0057] For example, when adjusting the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit, the controller can determine the range of values ​​for the first transformation ratio based on the target transformation ratio and the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit. The first transformation ratio is less than the target transformation ratio and less than or equal to the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit. The target transformation ratio can be the ratio between the total input voltage and the target output voltage. The controller sets the first transformation ratio within its range. The controller can then adjust the second transformation ratio based on the total input voltage and the set first transformation ratio, causing the second sub-circuit to convert the adjusted second input voltage into the target output voltage. The adjusted second input voltage is the difference between the total input voltage and the adjusted first input voltage, and the adjusted first input voltage is the product of the set first transformation ratio and the target output voltage.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the first sub-circuit has multiple adjustable turns ratios. The efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than that of the second sub-circuit. The controller can set the first turns ratio to be the one among the multiple adjustable turns ratios that is smaller than the target turns ratio but closest to it. Using this implementation, the first turns ratio of the first sub-circuit can be maximized while satisfying the total input voltage and the target output voltage, thus maximizing the power transmitted by the first sub-circuit. Since the first sub-circuit has high efficiency, maximizing the power transmitted by the first sub-circuit is beneficial for further improving the efficiency of the switching power supply.

[0059] In another possible implementation, the controller can calculate a reference ratio between a first voltage difference and a target output voltage. The first voltage difference is the voltage difference between the total input voltage and the reference voltage. The reference voltage is less than the total input voltage and greater than or equal to the target output voltage. When the reference ratio is less than or equal to the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit, the first ratio is set as the reference ratio. When the reference ratio is greater than the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit, the first ratio is set as the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit.

[0060] For example, the reference voltage can be less than or equal to the total input voltage divided by 2. Since the value of the reference voltage is less than or equal to Vi / 2, when the reference voltage is used as the second input voltage, the second input voltage is less than or equal to the first input voltage. Therefore, in most cases, the first sub-circuit can transmit greater power, which is beneficial to further improve the efficiency of the conversion circuit.

[0061] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a conversion circuit, mainly including a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit includes a first connection terminal, a first output terminal, a first input terminal, and a second input terminal. The second sub-circuit includes a second connection terminal, a second output terminal, a third input terminal, and a fourth input terminal. The first connection terminal of the first sub-circuit is connected to the second connection terminal of the second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit can convert the input voltage of the conversion circuit received through the first input terminal and the second input terminal into a first output voltage, and output the first output voltage through the first output terminal and the first connection terminal. The second sub-circuit can convert the input voltage of the conversion circuit received through the third input terminal and the fourth input terminal into a second output voltage, and output the second output voltage through the second output terminal and the second connection terminal. The total output voltage of the conversion circuit includes the first output voltage and the second output voltage.

[0062] In the above-mentioned conversion circuit, the input sides of the first and second sub-circuits are connected in parallel and the output sides are connected in series, which has a similar technical effect to the first aspect. The technical effect of the corresponding solution in the third aspect can be referred to the technical effect that can be obtained by the corresponding solution in the first aspect. The repeated parts will not be described in detail.

[0063] To further improve the efficiency of the conversion circuit, in one possible implementation, when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than that of the second sub-circuit, the first output voltage is greater than the second output voltage; when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is less than that of the second sub-circuit, the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage.

[0064] The first sub-circuit further includes a first regulating inductor connected to a first input terminal for receiving input voltage. By setting the first regulating inductor, the first sub-circuit can achieve a continuous transformation ratio. In the case where the second sub-circuit includes a second regulating inductor, the second regulating inductor can be electromagnetically coupled to the aforementioned first regulating inductor.

[0065] In this embodiment, the conversion circuit may further include a first output capacitor and a second output capacitor. One end of the first output capacitor is connected to a first output terminal, and the other end is connected to a first connection terminal; one end of the second output capacitor is connected to a second connection terminal, and the other end is connected to a second output terminal. The first output capacitor can filter the first output voltage, and the second output capacitor can filter the second output voltage.

[0066] The conversion circuit may also include an input capacitor, with one end connected to the first input terminal and the other end connected to the second input terminal. The input capacitor can filter the input voltage of the conversion circuit.

[0067] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a switching power supply, mainly including a conversion circuit and a controller. The conversion circuit can be any of the conversion circuits provided in the third aspect above. The technical effects of the corresponding solutions in the fourth aspect can be referred to the technical effects obtainable by the corresponding solutions in the third aspect; repeated details are not elaborated here.

[0068] For example, the conversion circuit includes a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit includes a first connection terminal, a first output terminal, a first input terminal, and a second input terminal. The second sub-circuit includes a second connection terminal, a second output terminal, a third input terminal, and a fourth input terminal. The first connection terminal of the first sub-circuit is connected to the second connection terminal of the second sub-circuit.

[0069] The controller can control the first sub-circuit to convert the input voltage of the conversion circuit received through the first input terminal and the second input terminal into a first output voltage, and output the first output voltage through the first output terminal and the first connection terminal. It can also control the second sub-circuit to convert the input voltage of the conversion circuit received through the third input terminal and the fourth input terminal into a second output voltage, and output the second output voltage through the second output terminal and the second connection terminal. The total output voltage of the conversion circuit includes the first output voltage and the second output voltage.

[0070] To further improve the efficiency of the switching power supply, in one possible implementation, the controller can also control the first output voltage to be greater than the second output voltage when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit; and control the first output voltage to be less than the second output voltage when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is less than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit.

[0071] For example, when the total output voltage of the conversion circuit is not equal to the target output voltage, the controller can adjust the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit according to the input voltage of the conversion circuit and the target output voltage, so that the total output voltage of the conversion circuit reaches the target output voltage.

[0072] Specifically, the controller can determine the range of the first transformation ratio based on the target transformation ratio and the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit. The first transformation ratio is less than the target transformation ratio and less than or equal to the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit. Here, the target transformation ratio is the ratio between the target output voltage and the input voltage. The first transformation ratio is set within the range of the first transformation ratio. The second transformation ratio is adjusted according to the target output voltage and the set first transformation ratio, so that the second sub-circuit converts the input voltage of the conversion circuit into the adjusted second output voltage. Here, the adjusted second output voltage is the difference between the target output voltage and the adjusted first output voltage, and the adjusted first output voltage is the product between the set first transformation ratio and the input voltage.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the first sub-circuit has multiple adjustable turns ratios, and the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than that of the second sub-circuit. The controller can set the first turns ratio to be the adjustable turns ratio among the multiple adjustable turns ratios that is less than the target turns ratio and closest to the target turns ratio.

[0074] In another possible implementation, the controller can calculate a reference ratio between a first voltage difference and the input voltage, where the first voltage difference is the voltage difference between the target output voltage and the reference voltage, and the reference voltage is less than the target output voltage and greater than or equal to the input voltage; when the reference ratio is less than or equal to the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit, the first ratio is set as the reference ratio; when the reference ratio is greater than the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit, the first ratio is set as the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit.

[0075] For example, the reference voltage can be less than or equal to the target output voltage divided by 2.

[0076] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, mainly including a battery, a load, and a switching power supply as provided in any of the second or fourth aspects above. The switching power supply is connected to both the battery and the load. The switching power supply can receive the battery voltage provided by the battery, convert the battery voltage into the operating voltage of the load, and then output it to the load.

[0077] These or other aspects of this application will become more apparent from the description of the following embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0078] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device structure;

[0079] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a PMU structure;

[0080] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a conversion circuit structure;

[0081] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a conversion circuit structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting the turns ratio of a conversion circuit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 6 A schematic flowchart illustrating a specific method for adjusting the turns ratio of a conversion circuit, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figures 7a to 7c A schematic diagram of a change in the ratio is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 8 A schematic flowchart illustrating a specific method for adjusting the turns ratio of a conversion circuit, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0086] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 10a This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 10b This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a driving signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 12a A schematic diagram of the switching state of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 12a-1 An equivalent circuit diagram of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 12b A schematic diagram of the switching state of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0093] Figure 12b-1 An equivalent circuit diagram of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0094] Figure 12c This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0095] Figure 12d A schematic diagram of the switching state of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0096] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a driving signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0097] Figure 14a A schematic diagram of the switching state of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0098] Figure 14a-1 An equivalent circuit diagram of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0099] Figure 14b A schematic diagram of the switching state of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0100] Figure 14b-1 An equivalent circuit diagram of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0101] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a driving signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0102] Figure 16a A schematic diagram of the switching state of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0103] Figure 16a-1 An equivalent circuit diagram of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0104] Figure 16b A schematic diagram of the switching state of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0105] Figure 16b-1 An equivalent circuit diagram of a first sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0106] Figures 17a to 17c A schematic diagram of a change in the ratio is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0107] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0108] Figure 18-1Figures 18-2 are equivalent circuit diagrams of an isolation unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0109] Figures 18-3 to 18-11 An equivalent circuit diagram of a conversion unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0110] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0111] Figures 19-1 to 19-5 An equivalent circuit diagram of a conversion unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0112] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0113] Figures 20-1 to 20-3 An equivalent circuit diagram of a conversion unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0114] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0115] Figures 21-1 to 21-5 An equivalent circuit diagram of a conversion unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0116] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0117] Figures 23a to 23c A schematic diagram of a change in the ratio is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0118] Figure 24a and Figure 24b This application provides a schematic diagram of the switch states in a first sub-circuit.

[0119] Figure 25 A schematic diagram of a driving signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0120] Figures 26a to 26d This application provides a schematic diagram of the switch states in a first sub-circuit.

[0121] Figure 27a and Figure 27b This application provides a schematic diagram of the switch states in a first sub-circuit.

[0122] Figure 28 A schematic diagram of a driving signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0123] Figures 29a to 29dThis application provides a schematic diagram of the switch states in a first sub-circuit.

[0124] Figure 30a and Figure 30b This application provides a schematic diagram of the switch states in a first sub-circuit.

[0125] Figure 31 A schematic diagram of a driving signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0126] Figures 32a to 32d This application provides a schematic diagram of the switch states in a first sub-circuit.

[0127] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0128] Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0129] Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0130] Figures 36a to 36c This is a schematic diagram of inductor current variation in a Buck circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0131] Figures 37a to 37c This application provides a schematic diagram of the switch states in a second sub-circuit.

[0132] Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0133] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0134] Figure 40 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0135] Figure 41 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0136] Figure 42 This is a schematic diagram of a specific conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0137] Figure 43a This is a schematic diagram illustrating the efficiency of a Buck circuit.

[0138] Figure 43b This is a schematic diagram illustrating the efficiency of a switched capacitor circuit and a Buck circuit connected in series.

[0139] Figure 43c A schematic diagram illustrating the efficiency of the conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0140] Figure 44 This is a schematic diagram of the conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0141] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operational methods in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, where "multiple" refers to two or more. Therefore, in the embodiments of this invention, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two". "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship. Furthermore, it should be understood that in the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing the descriptive purpose and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0142] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "connection" refers to electrical connection. The connection between two electrical components can be a direct or indirect connection between the two electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components, such as the connection between A and B. Alternatively, it can be a direct connection between A and C, a direct connection between C and B, with A and B connected through C.

[0143] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the "turns ratio" of the conversion circuit refers to the ratio between the larger of the input and output voltages and the smaller of the input and output voltages. If the conversion circuit performs buck conversion, the output voltage of the conversion circuit is less than the input voltage, and the turns ratio of the conversion circuit is input voltage / output voltage. If the conversion circuit performs boost conversion, the output voltage of the conversion circuit is greater than the input voltage, and the turns ratio of the conversion circuit is output voltage / input voltage.

[0144] As the hardware specifications and performance of electronic devices gradually improve, these devices face significant challenges related to power consumption and integration. Power consumption can be understood as the electrical energy consumed by an electronic device per unit of time. This includes both the effective electrical energy supplying the device and the ineffective electrical energy lost within the device, also known as losses such as heat loss and transmission loss. Integration level, on the other hand, refers to the number of components that can be placed within a unit of space within the electronic device.

[0145] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of an electronic device structure is shown, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 mainly includes N PMU11 (PMU11-1 to PMU11-N), a terminal battery 12, and loads 13 (loads 13-1 to loads 13-N), where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, the electronic device 10 can be an electronic device such as a smartphone, tablet, or smartwatch, and can support cutting-edge technologies such as 5G and foldable screens.

[0146] The terminal battery 12 is connected to the input terminals of N PMUs 11, providing input voltage to each PMU 11. Ignoring error factors such as the internal resistance of the terminal battery 12, the input voltage of each PMU 11 is the same as the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12.

[0147] The terminal battery 12 is typically a rechargeable battery, with at least two operating states: charging and discharging. When the terminal battery 12 is in the charging state, it can receive and store electrical energy input from the outside. Normally, the terminal battery 12 does not discharge during the charging process, or the discharge power is less than the charging power, causing the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12 to gradually increase.

[0148] When the terminal battery 12 is in a discharging state, it can output battery voltage to N PMUs. During this process, the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12 gradually decreases. Taking the electronic device 10 as a smartphone as an example, the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12 can vary within the range of 4.4-3V when it is in a discharging state.

[0149] like Figure 1 As shown, the outputs of N PMU11 are connected one-to-one with N loads 13. The loads 13 can be of various types, and different loads 13 can be of the same or different types. For example, a load 13 can be a chip in the electronic device 10 (such as a baseband chip, graphics processing unit (GPU), memory chip, etc.), a camera, a display screen, etc. It is understood that, depending on the specific implementation of the electronic device 10, the load 13 may also have other types of implementations; these will not be listed individually in this embodiment.

[0150] In electronic device 10, different types of loads 13 may require different operating voltages. For example, a GPU typically requires an operating voltage of 1.05V, while memory chips typically require an operating voltage of 1.2V or 1.1V. Therefore, each PMU 11 in electronic device 10 can convert the battery voltage provided by the terminal battery 12 to obtain an operating voltage adapted to the load 13 corresponding to that PMU 11.

[0151] For example Figure 1 In the example where load 13-1 is the GPU, PMU11-1 can convert the battery voltage to 1.05V and output it to load 13-1. For another example... Figure 1 In the above, load 13-2 is a memory chip, so PMU13-2 can convert the battery voltage to 1.2V or 1.1V and output it to load 12-2.

[0152] For ease of description, the embodiments of this application will be described using PMU11 and load 13 as examples. It can be understood that PMU11 can be any one of PMU11-1 to PMU11-N, and load 13 is the load connected to the corresponding PMU11. This will not be described in detail hereafter.

[0153] As the hardware specifications and performance of electronic device 10 gradually improve, the input voltage of PMU11 gradually increases, while the output voltage gradually decreases.

[0154] For example, in current foldable phones, the terminal battery 12 often adopts a dual-battery structure in series, making the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12 twice that of a traditional single-battery structure, thereby increasing the input voltage of the PMU 11. As another example, with the continuous optimization of load performance, the operating voltage of most loads 13 tends to gradually decrease, which requires the PMU 11 to correspondingly reduce its output voltage.

[0155] As the input voltage of PMU11 gradually increases and the output voltage gradually decreases, the ratio between the input voltage and the output voltage of PMU11 gradually increases. This ratio can also be called the turns ratio of PMU11, i.e.: Turns ratio = Input voltage / Output voltage.

[0156] The increased transformation ratio of PMU11 leads to increased PMU11 losses and decreased PMU11 efficiency. PMU11 efficiency can be understood as the ratio of PMU11 output power to PMU11 input power. Most electronic devices 10 include a large number of PMU11s, and the accumulated losses of these numerous PMU11s negatively impact the overall power consumption of the electronic device 10. Therefore, reducing PMU11 losses and improving PMU11 efficiency is beneficial for reducing the overall power consumption of the electronic device 10.

[0157] Furthermore, the PMU11 occupies a significant amount of space within the electronic device 10. For instance, in the case of a smartphone, N PMU11s occupy approximately one-quarter of the smartphone's motherboard area, and the height of the PMU11 perpendicular to the motherboard also limits further reductions in smartphone thickness. Therefore, reducing the size of the PMU11 also helps to decrease the proportion of the motherboard area occupied by the PMU11, thereby improving the integration density of the electronic device 10.

[0158] The PMU11 will now be described further with examples.

[0159] like Figure 2 As shown, PMU11 mainly includes a conversion circuit 111 and a controller 112. The conversion circuit 111 is connected to the terminal battery 12 and the load 13 respectively. The conversion circuit 111 can take the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12 as the input voltage, convert the battery voltage into the operating voltage required by the load 13, and then output it, thereby supplying power to the load 13.

[0160] The controller 112 is connected to the control terminal of the conversion circuit 111 and can control the conversion circuit 111 to perform voltage conversion. Generally, the conversion circuit 111 is equipped with a switching transistor and an energy storage element. The controller 112 can change the energy storage state of the energy storage element by controlling the switching transistor to turn it on and off, so that the conversion circuit 111 can realize voltage conversion and thus supply power to the load 13.

[0161] Common energy storage components include inductors and capacitors. Due to limitations in current inductor manufacturing processes, the size of inductors is much larger than that of capacitors and switching transistors. Therefore, the size of the inductor is the main factor determining the size of the PMU11.

[0162] Generally, the current conversion circuit 111 needs to balance the application requirements of high transformation ratio and fine output voltage adjustment. The high transformation ratio requirement largely relies on capacitors, while the fine output voltage adjustment requirement largely relies on inductors. Therefore, the current conversion circuit 111 can be implemented using a series-connected switched capacitor circuit and a switched inductor circuit. The switched capacitor circuit is a conversion circuit that uses a capacitor as the main energy storage element, while the switched inductor circuit is a conversion circuit that uses an inductor as the main energy storage element.

[0163] like Figure 3 As shown, a switched capacitor circuit can receive input voltage, convert the input voltage, and output the converted voltage to a switched inductor circuit. For example... Figure 3 In this circuit, the output voltage of the switched capacitor circuit is the converted voltage. The switched inductor circuit can receive the output voltage of the switched capacitor circuit and make more precise adjustments to obtain the output voltage Vo.

[0164] Switched capacitor circuits use capacitors as the primary energy storage element and typically feature high turns ratios and high efficiency. The efficiency of switched capacitor circuits is relatively high, generally around 96% to 99%. Switched inductor circuits use inductors as the primary energy storage element and typically allow for fine adjustment of the output voltage. However, due to limitations in inductor manufacturing processes and space constraints in electronic devices, inductors in most electronic devices have limited capacity, resulting in significant inductor losses. Consequently, the efficiency of switched inductor circuits is not ideal, generally around 85% to 95%.

[0165] Although passed Figure 3 The sequential switching of the switched capacitor circuit and the switched inductor circuit in the converter circuit 111 can meet the application requirements of high transformation ratio and fine adjustment of output voltage Vo. However, since the switched capacitor circuit and the switched inductor circuit are connected in series in the converter circuit 111, the overall efficiency of the converter circuit is relatively low. The efficiency of the converter circuit 111 is approximately the product of the efficiency of the switched capacitor circuit and the efficiency of the switched inductor circuit. The efficiency of the converter circuit 111 can be understood as the ratio of the output power of the converter circuit 111 to the input power of the converter circuit 111.

[0166] For example, if the efficiency of the switched inductor circuit in conversion circuit 111 is 88% and the efficiency of the switched capacitor circuit is 97%, then the efficiency of conversion circuit 111 is approximately 88%. 97% ≈ 85%. Therefore, Figure 3 The structure shown is not conducive to improving the efficiency of PMU11.

[0167] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a conversion circuit that can be applied to a switching power supply. This conversion circuit not only helps to meet the application requirements of high transformation ratio and fine adjustment of output voltage Vo, but also helps to improve the efficiency of the switching power supply and reduce its size.

[0168] Among them, a switching power supply can also be called a switch-mode power supply (SMPS). A switching power supply can convert the input voltage to output an output voltage adapted to the load. As mentioned above, PMU11 is a specific implementation of a switching power supply. When the conversion circuit provided in this application embodiment is applied to PMU11, it not only helps to meet the application requirements of high transformation ratio and fine adjustment of output voltage Vo, but also helps to improve the efficiency of PMU11 and reduce the size of PMU11, thereby improving the integration of electronic device 10 and optimizing the power consumption of electronic device 10.

[0169] It should be noted that the conversion circuit provided in the embodiments of this application can be used not only as Figure 2 The conversion circuit 111 in the PMU11 shown can also be applied to other types of switching power supplies. For example, in this embodiment, it can also be applied to the charging chip of the electronic device 10, which can receive the charging voltage provided by the adapter to the electronic device 10, convert the charging voltage to obtain a voltage adapted to the terminal battery 12, thereby charging the terminal battery 12.

[0170] For ease of understanding, the following embodiments of this application will take the conversion circuit 111 in PMU11 as an example to further illustrate the conversion circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0171] like Figure 4 As shown, the conversion circuit 111 provided in this embodiment mainly includes a first sub-circuit 1111 and a second sub-circuit 1112. The first sub-circuit 1111 includes an input terminal 11, a connection terminal 13, an output terminal 12, and an output terminal 14. The second sub-circuit 1112 includes a connection terminal 21, an input terminal 23, an output terminal 22, and an output terminal 24.

[0172] The input terminal 11 of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the input terminal 23 of the second sub-circuit 1112 are used to receive the total input voltage Vi of the conversion circuit 111, that is, the voltage between input terminal 11 and input terminal 23 is the total input voltage Vi. The connection terminal 13 of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the connection terminal 21 of the second sub-circuit 1112 are connected, that is, the input side of the first sub-circuit 111 (input terminal 11 and connection terminal 13) and the input side of the second sub-circuit 1112 (connection terminal 21 and input terminal 23) are connected in series.

[0173] Since the input sides of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 are connected in series, the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 have the same input current. Meanwhile, as... Figure 4As shown, the voltage between input terminal 11 and connection terminal 13 is Vi1, and the voltage between connection terminal 21 and input terminal 23 is Vi2. The sum of input voltage Vi1 and input voltage Vi2 is the total input voltage Vi of conversion circuit 111.

[0174] In this embodiment, both the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 can perform voltage conversion. The first sub-circuit 1111 converts the input voltage Vi1 and outputs the converted voltage through output terminals 12 and 14. The second sub-circuit 1112 converts the input voltage Vi2 and outputs the converted voltage through output terminals 22 and 24.

[0175] like Figure 4 As shown, the output terminal 12 of the first sub-circuit 1111 is connected to the output terminal 22 of the second sub-circuit 1112, and the output terminal 14 of the first sub-circuit 1111 is connected to the output terminal 24 of the second sub-circuit 1112. That is, the output side (output terminal 12 and output terminal 14) of the first sub-circuit 1111 is connected in parallel with the output side (output terminal 22 and output terminal 24) of the second sub-circuit 1112. Therefore, the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 have the same output voltage Vo, which is also the output voltage of the conversion circuit 111.

[0176] The conversion circuit 111 provided in this embodiment of the application is beneficial for improving the efficiency of PMU11 and reducing the size of PMU11. For example, assume the input current of the conversion circuit 111 is Ii and the output current is Io. The output current of the first sub-circuit 1111 is Io1, and the output current of the second sub-circuit 1112 is Io2. Since the output sides of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 are connected in parallel, the sum of the output current Io1 of the switched capacitor 1111 and the output current Io2 of the second sub-circuit 1112 is the output current Io of the conversion circuit 111, i.e., Io1 + Io2 = Io.

[0177] Assume the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is The efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 It can be understood as the ratio of the output power of the first sub-circuit 1111 to the input power of the first sub-circuit 1111 (usually expressed as a percentage). It can be any value greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 100. The efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 satisfies the following formula:

[0178] (Formula 1)

[0179] Wherein, N1 is the turns ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111, hereinafter referred to as the first turns ratio N1. .

[0180] Assume the efficiency of the second sub-circuit 1112 is The efficiency of the second sub-circuit 1112 This can be understood as the ratio of the output power of the second sub-circuit 1112 to the input power of the second sub-circuit 1112 (often expressed as a percentage). It can be any value greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 100. The efficiency of the second sub-circuit 1112 satisfies the following formula:

[0181] (Formula 2)

[0182] Combining Equations 1 and 2, it can be seen that the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 satisfies the following Equation 3:

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] + (Formula 3)

[0186] in, This represents the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111. From Equation 3, we can further derive Equation 4:

[0187] (Formula 4)

[0188] And Formula 5:

[0189] (Formula 5)

[0190] As can be seen from Formula 4, the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is... The efficiency is greater than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. hour, The efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 is positive. The efficiency is greater than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. .and Figure 3 The efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 shown is , Figure 3 The efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 shown is less than or equal to Therefore, it can be seen that compared to Figure 3 The conversion circuit 111 shown in this application Figure 4 The conversion circuit 111 shown has greater efficiency.

[0191] As can be seen from Formula 5, the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is... The efficiency is less than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. hour, The efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 is positive. The efficiency is greater than that of the first sub-circuit 1111. .and Figure 3 The efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 shown is , Figure 3 The efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 shown is less than or equal to Therefore, it can be seen that compared to Figure 3 The conversion circuit 111 shown in this application Figure 4 The conversion circuit 111 shown has greater efficiency.

[0192] Furthermore, since the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 in this embodiment perform voltage conversion independently, the switching frequencies of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 do not need to be consistent. In this case, the sub-circuit with inductors in the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 can use a higher switching frequency. Assuming that the second sub-circuit 1112 has an inductor, the second sub-circuit 1112 can use a higher switching frequency, which reduces the energy storage requirement of the inductor in the second sub-circuit 1112 during one switching cycle, and the inductor in the second sub-circuit 1112 can be made smaller.

[0193] When the conversion circuit 111 provided in this application embodiment is applied to the PMU11, the size of the inductor in the conversion circuit 111 is reduced, which helps to reduce the size of the PMU11. Especially when the switching frequency can reach a high frequency of 10MHz in the future, the inductor in the second sub-circuit 1112 is expected to be implemented by using the parasitic inductor in the printed circuit board (PCB), thereby potentially eliminating the need for physical inductor components in the second sub-circuit 1112.

[0194] As can be seen from Formula 4, the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is... The efficiency is greater than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. When N1 is larger, the efficiency of conversion circuit 111 is higher. With a fixed output voltage Vo, the larger the value of N1, the higher the input voltage Vi1 (Vi1=N1) of the first sub-circuit 1111. The larger Vo is, the greater the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111. The efficiency is greater than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. At this time, the controller 112 can make the first sub-circuit 1111 have a larger transformation ratio and make the first sub-circuit 1111 have a larger input voltage Vi1.

[0195] Furthermore, the controller 112 can enable the second sub-circuit 1112 to have a smaller turns ratio, thereby enabling the second sub-circuit 1112 to have a smaller input voltage Vi2. Hereinafter, the turns ratio of the second sub-circuit 1112 is referred to as the second turns ratio N2.

[0196] Ideally, the second turns ratio N2 can be set to 1, and the input voltage Vi2 of the second sub-circuit 1112 should equal the output voltage Vo. In other words, the second sub-circuit 1112 only transmits voltage and does not perform voltage conversion. The losses in the second sub-circuit 1112 are mainly generated during voltage conversion; therefore, when the second turns ratio N2 is 1, the losses in the second sub-circuit 1112 can be considered minimal.

[0197] Meanwhile, inefficient sub-circuits typically include inductors. Reducing the input voltage Vi2 of the second sub-circuit 1112 also helps to reduce the requirements for the inductor in the second sub-circuit 1112, allowing the second sub-circuit 1112 to use an inductor with a lower inductance value. It is understood that the lower the inductance value, the smaller the inductor's size. Therefore, based on the conversion circuit 111 provided in this embodiment, it is also beneficial to reduce the size of the PMU 11.

[0198] Similarly, as can be seen from Formula 5, the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111... The efficiency is less than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. When N1 is smaller, the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 is higher. Therefore, the controller 112 can make the first sub-circuit 1111 have a smaller turns ratio, resulting in a smaller input voltage Vi1. Furthermore, the controller 112 can make the second sub-circuit 1112 have a larger turns ratio, resulting in a larger input voltage Vi2. In this case, the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 can be further improved, and the size of the PMU 11 can be reduced; detailed analysis will not be elaborated further.

[0199] As mentioned earlier, the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 The efficiency is greater than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. In such cases, configuring a larger turns ratio for the first sub-circuit 1111 is beneficial to further improve the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111. However, since the application scenarios of PMU11 are not very stable, such as fluctuations in battery voltage and changes in the operating voltage of load 13, the turns ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 often needs to be dynamically changed with the changes in the application scenarios.

[0200] In one possible implementation, the first transformation ratio N1 and the second transformation ratio N2 in this embodiment are adjustable. In this embodiment, the controller 112 can also detect the current total input voltage Vi and the target output voltage Va of the conversion circuit 111. The current total input voltage Vi can be the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12. As mentioned earlier, during the discharge process of the terminal battery 12, the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12 gradually decreases. The target output voltage Va of the conversion circuit 111 can be the operating voltage currently required by the load 13. Specifically, the load 13 may have multiple operating states, and the required operating voltage varies in different operating states. For example, if the load 13 is a GPU, the GPU requires a higher operating voltage when running in multi-threaded mode, and a lower operating voltage when running in single-threaded mode.

[0201] It should be understood that the output voltage Vo of the conversion circuit 111 may be the same as or different from the target output voltage Va. When the output voltage Vo of the conversion circuit 111 is different from the target output voltage Va, the controller 112 can adjust the turns ratio of the conversion circuit 111 to adjust the output voltage Vo of the conversion circuit 111 to the desired target output voltage Va.

[0202] For example, controller 112 can detect the current output voltage Vo and the total input voltage Vi. When the current output voltage Vo is different from the target output voltage Va of conversion circuit 111, controller 112 can adjust the turns ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second sub-circuit according to the total input voltage Vi, thereby adjusting the output voltage Vo of conversion circuit 111 to the target output voltage Va.

[0203] Specifically, controller 112 can perform the following: Figure 5 The control method shown adjusts the turns ratio of the first and second sub-circuits, mainly including the following steps:

[0204] S501: The controller 112 determines the range of the first transformation ratio N1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 based on the target transformation ratio Na and the maximum transformation ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111. The first transformation ratio N1 is less than the target transformation ratio Na between the total input voltage Vi and the target output voltage Va, and is less than or equal to the maximum transformation ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111. Wherein, the target transformation ratio Na = Vi / Va.

[0205] S502: Controller 112 sets the first transformation ratio N1 to any value within the range specified. Generally, controller 112 can set the first transformation ratio N1 by controlling the on / off timing of the switching transistor in the first sub-circuit 1111. The specific implementation process of controller 112 setting the first transformation ratio N1 is related to the structure of the first sub-circuit 1111. Controller 112 can flexibly choose the implementation method of setting the transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 according to the specific structure of the first sub-circuit 1111.

[0206] S503: The controller 112 adjusts the second ratio N2 according to the current total input voltage Vi and the set first ratio N1, so that the output voltage of the second sub-circuit 1112 is the target output voltage Va.

[0207] Specifically, the controller 111 can determine the adjusted input voltage Vi1 based on the set first transformation ratio N1, that is, the adjusted input voltage Vi1 is the product of the set first transformation ratio N1 and the target output voltage Va (Vi1=N1). Va).

[0208] The controller 111 can then determine the adjusted input voltage Vi2 of the second sub-circuit 1112 based on the current total input voltage Vi, i.e., Vi2 = Vi - Vi1 = Vi - N1 Va. That is, the second ratio N2 should be set to N2 = (Vi - N1) Va) / Va. The controller 112 can flexibly select the implementation method of the transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit 1111 according to the specific structure of the second sub-circuit 1112.

[0209] For ease of understanding, the embodiments of this application will now focus on the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111. The efficiency is greater than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. For example, in the case of Figure 5 The control method shown is explained below. It should be understood that the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111... The efficiency is less than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. The same situation should also be included in the embodiments of this application.

[0210] In this embodiment, the first transformation ratio N1 can be continuously adjustable, for example, the adjustable range of the first transformation ratio is [1, 6], that is, the first transformation ratio N1 can be any value between 1 and 6. The first transformation ratio N1 can also be non-continuously adjustable, that is, the first sub-circuit 1111 has multiple non-continuous adjustable transformation ratios. Generally, in this case, the values ​​of the multiple adjustable transformation ratios of the first sub-circuit 1111 are all integers. Next, the cases will be described separately.

[0211] Scenario 1: The first sub-circuit 1111 has multiple adjustable turns ratios.

[0212] As mentioned earlier, if the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is... The efficiency is greater than that of the second sub-circuit 1112. Therefore, the input voltage Vi1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 should be increased as much as possible. Thus, when the first sub-circuit 1111 has multiple non-continuous adjustable turns ratios, the first turns ratio N1 can be the adjustable turns ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 that is smaller than the target turns ratio Na and closest to the target turns ratio Na.

[0213] Taking the first sub-circuit 1111 as an example where the adjustable turns ratios are consecutive integers (e.g., adjustable turns ratios of 4, 3, 2, 1), the controller 112 can adopt the following... Figure 6 The method shown adjusts the first transformer ratio N1 and the second transformer ratio N2. Figure 6 As shown, the main steps include:

[0214] S601: Controller 112 detects the current total input voltage Vi and the target output voltage Va.

[0215] S602: Controller 112 calculates the target turns ratio Na. The target turns ratio Na is the ratio between the total input voltage Vi and the target output voltage Va, i.e., Na = Vi / Va.

[0216] S603: When the target turns ratio Na minus 1 is less than the maximum turns ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111, execute S605 to determine the first turns ratio N1 as the target turns ratio Na minus 1 and rounded down.

[0217] For example, if the target turns ratio Na is 2.8, then the first turns ratio N1 can be determined to be [1.8] = 1. When the target turns ratio Na minus 1 is greater than the maximum turns ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111, S604 is executed to determine the first turns ratio N1 as the maximum turns ratio Nmax.

[0218] As mentioned earlier, ideally, the second turns ratio N2 can reach 1. In this case, Vi2 = Va, and the first turns ratio N1 = (Vi - Vi2) / Va = Na⁻¹. That is, ideally, the first turns ratio N1 = Na⁻¹. Therefore, when Na⁻¹ is greater than Nmax, the first turns ratio N1 can be set to Nmax; when Na⁻¹ is less than or equal to Nmax, the first turns ratio N1 can be set to Na⁻¹ and rounded down. This allows the first turns ratio N1 to be closer to Na⁻¹, which is beneficial for maximizing the input voltage of the first sub-circuit 1111, thereby maximizing the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111.

[0219] S606: The controller 112 sets the second transformation ratio N2 according to the total input voltage Vi and the first transformation ratio N1. For the specific implementation, please refer to S503 above. The details will not be repeated here.

[0220] It is understandable that controller 112 can execute repeatedly. Figure 6 The adjustment method shown means that after executing S606, the controller 112 can return to S601 and continue to execute the above process.

[0221] For example, suppose the first sub-circuit 1111 has three adjustable turns ratios of 3, 2, and 1. Figure 7a As shown, the total input voltage Vi is 4.4V, and the target output voltage Na is 0.75V. At this time, the target turns ratio Na is 5.87, and Na-1 = 4.87. 4.87 is greater than the maximum adjustable turns ratio Nmax, where Nmax = 3. Therefore, the controller 112 can set the first turns ratio N1 to 3. This results in the input voltage Vi1 being 2.25V and the input voltage Vi2 being 2.15V.

[0222] After the terminal battery 12 has been discharged for a period of time, the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12 decreases, that is, the total input voltage Vi decreases. For example Figure 7b As shown, the total input voltage Vi decreases to 3V, while the target output voltage Va remains at 0.75V. At this point, the target turns ratio Na is 4, and Na-1 = 3. Since 3 is rounded down to 3, the controller 112 can maintain the first turns ratio N1 at 3. This results in input voltage Vi1 being 2.25V and input voltage Vi2 being 0.75V.

[0223] For example, such as Figure 7c As shown, with a total input voltage Vi of 3V, the operating voltage required by load 13 rises to 1.25V, meaning the target output voltage Va of conversion circuit 111 increases to 1.25V. At this time, the target turns ratio Na is 2.4, and Na-1 = 1.4. 1.4 is rounded down to 1, therefore controller 112 can set the first turns ratio N1 to 1. This results in input voltage Vi1 being 1.25V and input voltage Vi2 being 1.75V.

[0224] Case 2: The first transformer ratio N1 is continuously adjustable

[0225] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the main steps include:

[0226] S801: Controller 112 detects the current total input voltage Vi and the target output voltage Va.

[0227] S802: Controller 112 calculates the reference turns ratio Nb. The reference turns ratio Nb is the ratio of the first voltage difference between the total input voltage Vi and the reference voltage Vc to the target output voltage, i.e., Nb = (Vi - Vc) / Va. The reference voltage Vc is less than the total input voltage Vi and greater than or equal to the target output voltage Va.

[0228] In one possible implementation, the reference voltage Vc is less than or equal to Vi / 2, and the reference voltage Vc is greater than or equal to the target output voltage Va.

[0229] Specifically, the reference voltage Vc can be understood as the preset second input voltage Vi2 of the second sub-circuit 1112. Since the value of the reference voltage Vc is less than or equal to Vi / 2, when the reference voltage Vc is used as the second input voltage Vi2, the second input voltage Vi2 is less than or equal to the first input voltage Vi1. Therefore, in most cases, the first sub-circuit 1111 can transmit a larger amount of power, which is beneficial to further improve the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111. At this time, the input voltage Vi1 can be Vi-Vc. If the first sub-circuit 1111 can convert this input voltage Vi1=Vi-Vc into the target output voltage Va, then the first transformation ratio N1 should be the reference transformation ratio Nb.

[0230] S803: When the reference ratio Nb is less than or equal to the maximum ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111, execute S805 to determine the first ratio N1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 as the reference ratio Nb. When the reference ratio Nb is greater than the maximum ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111, determine the first ratio N1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 as the maximum ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111.

[0231] S806: The controller 112 sets the second transformation ratio N2 according to the first transformation ratio N1 and the current total input voltage Vi. For the specific implementation, please refer to S503 above. The details will not be repeated here.

[0232] It is understandable that controller 112 can execute repeatedly. Figure 8 The adjustment method shown means that after executing S806, the controller 112 can return to S801 and continue to execute the above process.

[0233] As can be seen from the above scenarios 1 and 2, based on the conversion circuit 111 provided in this application embodiment, the controller 112 can flexibly adjust the turns ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 according to the total input voltage Vi and the target output voltage Va of the conversion circuit 1111. This ensures that, under different application scenarios with different total input voltage Vi and target output voltage Va, the first sub-circuit 1111 can receive a larger input voltage Vi1 while adapting to the application scenario. Combined with the above formula 4, it can be seen that when the efficiency a% of the first sub-circuit 1111, the efficiency b% of the second sub-circuit 1112, and the output voltage Vo are fixed, when the input voltage Vi1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 = N1... As Vo increases, the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 also increases. Therefore, the embodiments of this application are adopted. Figure 6 and Figure 8 The method of setting the first transformation ratio N1 and the second transformation ratio N2 shown is beneficial to further improve the efficiency of the conversion circuit 1111.

[0234] As disclosed in the embodiments of this application, the first sub-circuit 1111 has multiple possible implementation types. Next, the embodiments of this application will further illustrate the first sub-circuit 1111 provided in the embodiments of this application through the following examples.

[0235] Example 1 of the first sub-circuit 1111:

[0236] This application provides a conversion circuit 111, such as... Figure 9 As shown. The first sub-circuit 1111 mainly includes n+1 input switches (input switches S11 to input switches S1(n+1)), n isolation capacitors (isolation capacitors C1 to Cn) and n output combinations, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0237] In this circuit, input switches S11 through S1(n+1) are connected in series between input terminal 11 and connection terminal 13. That is, the second electrode of the i-th input switch is connected to the first electrode of the (i+1)-th input switch, the first electrode of the i-th input switch is connected to the second electrode of the (i-1)-th input switch, and i takes values ​​from 2 to n. Specifically, the first electrode of input switch S11 is connected to input terminal 11, the second electrode of input switch S11 is connected to the first electrode of input switch S12, the second electrode of input switch S12 is connected to the first electrode of input switch S13, and so on, until the second electrode of input switch S1n is connected to the first electrode of input switch S1(n+1). The second electrode of input switch S1(n+1) can be used as connection terminal 13 to connect to connection terminal 21 of the second sub-circuit 1112.

[0238] In this configuration, every two adjacent input switches are connected via a first series node. It should be noted that the first series node is used for simplification; in actual implementation, this first series node can be the connection point between two connected input switches, or it can be understood as any location on the electrical connection line between the second electrode of the i-th input switch and the first electrode of the (i+1)-th input switch. Figure 9 As shown, the series structure consisting of n+1 input switches includes n first series nodes.

[0239] The first sub-circuit 1111 includes n output combinations, each output combination includes two output switches, and different output combinations include different output switches. For example Figure 9 In the diagram, output switch S21 and output switch S22 belong to the same output combination, output switch S23 and output switch S24 belong to the same output combination, output switch S25 and output switch S26 belong to the same output combination, output switch S27 and output switch S28 belong to the same output combination, ..., output switch S2(2n-1) and output switch S2(2n) belong to the same output combination.

[0240] In the first sub-circuit 1111, n output combinations are connected in parallel between output terminals 12 and 14, and the two output switches in each output combination are connected through a second series node. For example... Figure 9 As shown, output switch S21 and output switch S22 are connected through a second series node, output switch S23 and output switch S24 are connected through a second series node, ..., output switch S2(2n-1) and output switch S2(2n) are connected through a second series node. The n output combinations in the first sub-circuit 1111 include a total of n second series nodes.

[0241] It should be noted that the second series node is only for simplification. In actual implementation, the second series node can be the connection point between two connected input switches, or it can be understood as any position on the electrical connection line between the first electrode of one output switch and the second electrode of the other output switch.

[0242] like Figure 9 As shown, in the first sub-circuit 1111, n first series nodes, n isolation capacitors and n second series nodes are connected one-to-one. One end of each isolation capacitor is connected to the first series node corresponding to each isolation capacitor, and the other end of each isolation capacitor is connected to the second series node corresponding to each isolation capacitor.

[0243] For example Figure 9One end of isolation capacitor C1 is connected to the first series node between input switches S11 and S12, and the other end of isolation capacitor C1 is connected to the second series node between output switches S21 and S22. One end of isolation capacitor C2 is connected to the first series node between input switches S12 and S13, and the other end of isolation capacitor C2 is connected to the second series node between output switches S23 and S24. One end of isolation capacitor C3 is connected to the first series node between input switches S13 and S14, and the other end of isolation capacitor C3 is connected to the second series node between output switches S25 and S26. One end of isolation capacitor C4 is connected to the first series node between input switches S14 and S15, and the other end of isolation capacitor C4 is connected to the second series node between output switches S27 and S28. ... One end of the isolation capacitor Cn is connected to the first series node between the input switch S1n and the input switch S1(n+1), and the other end of the isolation capacitor Cn is connected to the second series node between the output switch S2(n-1) and the output switch S2(2n).

[0244] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 9 As shown, the conversion circuit 111 may further include input capacitors Cin1 and Cin2. One end of input capacitor Cin1 is connected to input terminal 11, and the other end of input capacitor Cin1 is connected to connection terminal 13. Input capacitor Cin1 can filter the first input capacitor Vin1.

[0245] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 9 As shown, the conversion circuit 111 may further include an output capacitor Cout. One end of the output capacitor Cout is connected to the output terminal 12 of the first sub-circuit 1111, and the other end of the output capacitor Cout is connected to the output terminal 14 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The output capacitor Cout can filter the output voltage Vo, reducing the losses caused to the load 13 by fluctuations in the output voltage Vo.

[0246] In Example 1, the first sub-circuit 1111 can achieve a maximum transformation ratio of n. Next, assuming n=3 in the first sub-circuit 1111, the principle of the first sub-circuit 1111 provided in Example 1 will be explained. In this case, the structure of the first sub-circuit 1111 can be as follows: Figure 10a As shown, the specific circuit structure will not be described in detail.

[0247] Figure 10aThe first sub-circuit 1111 shown has three adjustable turns ratios: 3, 2, and 1. It should be noted that the adjustable turns ratio is the theoretically achievable turns ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111. Due to limitations such as parasitic resistance and parasitic inductance, there may be slight deviations between the actual turns ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the adjustable turns ratio, but this does not affect the realization of the technical solution of this application.

[0248] The first implementation method: the first transformation ratio N1 is 3.

[0249] Assume that all switches in the first sub-circuit 1111 are turned on when high voltage is applied and turned off when low voltage is applied. The controller 112 provides power to each switch in the first sub-circuit 1111 as follows: Figure 11 When the drive signal is shown, the first transformation ratio N1 is 3. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the period of the drive signal is T. Input switch S11, input switch S13, output switch S21, output switch S24 and output switch S25 correspond to the same drive signal, and input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S26 correspond to the same drive signal.

[0250] During the time period from 0 to T / 2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 12a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, output switch S21, output switch S24 and output switch S25 are turned on, while input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0251] In this case, the input switch S11, isolation capacitor C1, output switch S21, output switch S25, isolation capacitor C3, input switch S13, isolation capacitor C2, and output switch S24 form a closed circuit. The equivalent circuit can be shown as follows: Figure 12a-1 As shown, Figure 12a The circuit elements in the circuit satisfy the following relationship:

[0252] (Formula 6)

[0253] (Formula 7)

[0254] in, This indicates the voltage across the isolation capacitor C1. This represents the voltage across the isolation capacitor C2. This indicates the voltage across the isolation capacitor C3.

[0255] During the time period from T / 2 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 12bAs shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, output switch S21, output switch S24 and output switch S25 are off, while input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S26 are on.

[0256] It should be noted that, due to the switching delay of most transistors, there is a certain time interval between the falling edge of one drive signal and the rising edge of another. Ideally, the falling edge of one drive signal and the rising edge of the other should be aligned. The same applies to subsequent drive signals, which will not be elaborated further.

[0257] exist Figure 12b In the case shown, the output switch S23, isolation capacitor C2, input switch S12, and isolation capacitor C1 form a circuit. One end of isolation capacitor C3 is grounded through the output switch S26, and the other end of isolation capacitor C3 is connected to terminal 13 through the input switch S14. The equivalent circuit can be shown as follows. Figure 12b-1 As shown, Figure 12b The circuit elements in the circuit satisfy the following relationship:

[0258] (Formula 8)

[0259] (Formula Nine)

[0260] According to Formula 9, since Vi = Vi1 + Vi2, we can further obtain:

[0261]

[0262] Based on Formula 10 and combined with Formula 6, we can obtain:

[0263]

[0264] Based on Formula 11 and combined with Formula 8, we can obtain:

[0265]

[0266] Based on Formula Twelve and combined with Formula Seven, we can obtain:

[0267]

[0268] As can be seen from Formula 13, the controller 112 provides power to each switching transistor in the first sub-circuit 1111 as follows: Figure 11 When the drive signal is shown, the first transformation ratio N1 is 3.

[0269] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 12c As shown, the other end of isolation capacitor C1 is also connected to the other end of isolation capacitor C3. In this case, controller 112 can also flexibly adjust the drive signals of output switch S25 and output switch S26 according to the operating state of load 13.

[0270] Specifically, when load 13 is under light load, the operating current of load 13 is small. At this time, controller 112 can keep output switches S25 and S26 disconnected, such as... Figure 12d As shown. During the time period from 0 to T / 2, the other end of the isolation capacitor C3 can be connected to the transmission path between the output terminal 12 and the output terminal 14 through the output switch S21. During the time period from T / 2 to T, the other end of the isolation capacitor C3 can be connected to the transmission path between the output terminal 14 and the output terminal 14 through the output switch S22. Therefore, it can be seen that using... Figure 12c The disclosed first sub-circuit 1111 can still achieve a transformation ratio of 3. Moreover, it does not require turning the output switch S25 and the output switch S26 on or off, thus reducing the drive losses of the switch transistors.

[0271] When load 13 is under heavy or full load, the operating current of load 13 is relatively large. In this case, it can be handled according to... Figure 12a and Figure 12b The switching states shown control output switches S25 and S26; the specific process will not be elaborated further. Because the operating current of load 13 is large, the impact of current transmission loss exceeds the driving loss of the switching transistors. Since both output switches S25 and S26 can transmit current, the current transmission loss in output switches S21 and S22 can be reduced, thus helping to reduce overall current transmission loss.

[0272] The second implementation method: the first transformation ratio N1 is 2.

[0273] Assume that all switches in the first sub-circuit 1111 are turned on when high voltage is applied and turned off when low voltage is applied. The controller 112 provides power to each switch in the first sub-circuit 1111 as follows: Figure 13 When the drive signal is shown, the first transformation ratio N1 is 2. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the period of the drive signal is T. Input switches S11, S21, and S24 correspond to the same drive signal; input switches S12, S22, and S23 correspond to the same drive signal; input switches S13 and S14 correspond to the same drive signal; and output switches S25 and S26 correspond to the same drive signal.

[0274] Specifically, the drive signals for input switches S13 and S14 are continuous high-level signals, meaning that input switches S13 and S14 remain in the on state during period T. The drive signals for output switches S25 and S26 are continuous low-level signals, meaning that output switches S25 and S26 remain in the off state.

[0275] During the time period from 0 to T / 2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 14a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, input switch S14, output switch S21 and output switch S24 are turned on, while input switch S12, output switch S22, output switch S23, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0276] In this case, input switch S11, isolation capacitor C1, and output switch S21 form a closed circuit, and input switch S14, input switch S13, isolation capacitor C2, and output switch S24 form a closed circuit. The equivalent circuit can be shown as follows: Figure 14a-1 As shown, Figure 14a The circuit elements in the circuit satisfy the following relationship:

[0277] (Formula Fourteen)

[0278] (Formula 15)

[0279] During the time period from T / 2 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 14b As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S12, input switch S13, input switch S14, output switch S22 and output switch S23 are turned on, while input switch S11, output switch S21, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0280] In this case, the output switch S23, isolation capacitor C2, input switch S12, isolation capacitor C1, and output switch S22 form a closed circuit. The equivalent circuit can be represented as follows: Figure 14b-1 As shown, Figure 14b The circuit elements in the circuit satisfy the following relationship:

[0281] (Formula Sixteen)

[0282] Based on Formula 16, and combining Formula 15 and Vi = Vi1 + Vi2, we can obtain:

[0283] (Formula 17)

[0284] Based on Formula 17 and combined with Formula 14, we can obtain:

[0285] (Formula 18)

[0286] As can be seen from Formula 18, the controller 112 provides power to each switching transistor in the first sub-circuit 1111 as follows: Figure 13 When the drive signal shown is given, the first transformation ratio N1 is 2.

[0287] The third implementation method: the first transformation ratio N1 is 1.

[0288] Assume that all switches in the first sub-circuit 1111 are turned on when high voltage is applied and turned off when low voltage is applied. The controller 112 provides power to each switch in the first sub-circuit 1111 as follows: Figure 15 When the drive signal is shown, the first transformation ratio N1 is 1. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the period of the drive signal is T. Input switch S11 and output switch S21 correspond to the same drive signal. Input switch S12 and output switch S22 correspond to the same drive signal. Input switch S13 and input switch S14 correspond to the same drive signal. Output switches S23, S24, S25, and S26 correspond to the same drive signal.

[0289] Specifically, the drive signals for input switches S13 and S14 are continuous high-level signals, meaning that input switches S13 and S14 remain in the on state during period T. The drive signals for output switches S23, S24, S25, and S26 are continuous low-level signals, meaning that output switches S23, S24, S25, and S26 remain in the off state.

[0290] During the time period from 0 to T / 2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 16a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, input switch S14 and output switch S21 are turned on, while input switch S12, output switch S22, output switch S23, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0291] In this case, the input switch S11, the isolation capacitor C1, and the output switch S21 form a circuit, and the equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 16a-1 As shown, Figure 16a The circuit elements in the circuit satisfy the following relationship:

[0292] (Formula 19)

[0293] During the time period from T / 2 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 16b As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S12, input switch S13, input switch S14 and output switch S22 are turned on, while input switch S11, output switch S21, output switch S23, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0294] In this case, input switches S14, S13, and S12, isolation capacitor C1, and output switch S22 form a circuit. The equivalent circuit can be shown as follows: Figure 14b-1 As shown, Figure 14b The circuit elements in the circuit satisfy the following relationship:

[0295] (Formula 20)

[0296] Based on Vi = Vi1 + Vi2, and combining formulas nineteen and twenty, we can obtain:

[0297] (Formula 21)

[0298] As can be seen from Formula 21, the controller 112 provides power to each switching transistor in the first sub-circuit 1111 as follows: Figure 15 When the drive signal shown is given, the first transformation ratio N1 is 1.

[0299] In summary, the first sub-circuit 1111 provided in this application embodiment has an adjustable transformation ratio with n integer values, and the maximum adjustable transformation ratio is n. In this case, the controller 112 can operate as follows: Figure 6 The method shown adjusts the turns ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112.

[0300] For example:

[0301] like Figure 17a As shown, the total input voltage Vi = 4.4V, and the target output voltage Va = 0.75V. Therefore, according to... Figure 6 As shown, the controller 112 can set the first ratio N1 to 4 and the second ratio N2 to 1.87.

[0302] like Figure 17b As shown, after the terminal battery 12 has been working for a period of time, the battery voltage decreases, and the total input voltage Vi becomes 3V. At this time, the target output voltage Va is still 0.75V. Therefore, according to... Figure 6 As shown, the controller 112 can set the first ratio N1 to 3 and the second ratio N2 to 1.

[0303] like Figure 17cAs shown, the total input voltage Vi remains 3V, but the target output voltage Va becomes 1.25V. Therefore, according to... Figure 6 As shown, the controller 112 can set the first ratio N1 to 1 and the second ratio N2 to 1.4.

[0304] As mentioned earlier, setting the first transformation ratio N1 based on the real-time total input voltage Vi and the target output voltage Va can further improve the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111. However, in practical applications, the correspondence between the first transformation ratio N1 and the total input voltage can also be preset according to the variation range of the total input voltage Vi. For example, this correspondence can be shown in Table 1.

[0305] Table 1

[0306]

[0307] The correspondence shown in Table 1 applies to cases where the target output voltage Va is 0.75V and the battery voltage of the terminal battery 12 varies from 2.7V to 4.4V. Specifically, when the battery voltage is between [3.75, 4.4], the first transformation ratio N1 can be set to 4, so the input voltage Vi1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 is 3V, and the input voltage Vi2 of the second sub-circuit 1112 is in the range of [0.75, 1.4]. After a period of time, when the battery voltage drops to between [3, 3.75), the first transformation ratio N1 can be set to 3, so the input voltage Vi1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 is 2.25V, and the input voltage Vi2 of the second sub-circuit 1112 is in the range of [0.75, 1.5]. After another period of time, when the battery voltage drops to between [2.7, 3), the first transformation ratio N1 can be set to 2, so the input voltage Vi1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 is 1.5V, and the input voltage Vi2 of the second sub-circuit 1112 is in the range of [1.2, 1.5].

[0308] In one possible implementation, the first sub-circuit 1111 may further include n resonant inductors, each of which is connected in series with one of the n isolation capacitors. For example... Figure 10b As shown, when n is 3, the first sub-circuit 1111 further includes resonant inductors L31 to L33. One end of resonant inductor L31 is connected to the other end of isolation capacitor C1, and the other end of resonant inductor L31 is connected to the second series node between output switches S21 and S22. One end of resonant inductor L32 is connected to the other end of isolation capacitor C2, and the other end of resonant inductor L32 is connected to the second series node between output switches S23 and S24. One end of resonant inductor L33 is connected to the other end of isolation capacitor C3, and the other end of resonant inductor L33 is connected to the second series node between output switches S25 and S26.

[0309] Adding a resonant inductor connected in series with the isolation capacitor in the first sub-circuit 1111 helps to achieve zero-voltage turn-on for the n+1 input switches and 2n output switches in the first sub-circuit 1111, reducing the switching losses of each switch and further improving the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111. It is understood that resonant inductors less than n can also be added to the first sub-circuit 1111, with these resonant inductors connected in series with a portion of the isolation capacitor, for example, only adding a resonant inductor L31 connected in series with the isolation capacitor C1, without adding resonant inductors L32 and L33. This application does not impose further limitations on this aspect.

[0310] Example 2 of the first sub-circuit 1111:

[0311] This application provides a conversion circuit 111, such as... Figure 18 As shown. The first sub-circuit 1111 mainly includes an isolation unit 1-1 and a conversion unit 1-2.

[0312] The conversion units 1-2 are of a series-parallel structure. Specifically, the conversion units 1-2 mainly include K conversion capacitors, K first conversion switches, K-1 second conversion switches, and K-1 third conversion switches, where K is an integer greater than 1. Figure 18 Taking K as a value of 5 as an example, the conversion unit 1-2 mainly includes conversion capacitors C021 to C025, first conversion switches S021, S024, S027, S0210 and S0213, second conversion switches S022, S025, S028 and S0211, and third conversion switches S023, S026, S029 and S0212.

[0313] In conversion units 1-2, the first to (K-1)th conversion capacitors and K first conversion switches are connected alternately in sequence. One end of the j-th conversion capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the j-th first conversion switch, and the other end of the j-th conversion capacitor is connected to the first electrode of the (j+1)-th first conversion switch, where j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than K. One end of the K-th conversion capacitor is connected to output terminal 12, and the other end of the K-th conversion capacitor and output terminal 14 are grounded.

[0314] For example Figure 18 In this configuration, the first switching transistor S021, switching capacitor C021, first switching transistor S024, switching capacitor C022, first switching transistor S027, switching capacitor C023, first switching transistor S0210, switching capacitor C024, and first switching transistor S0213 are connected in sequence. One end of switching capacitor C025 is connected to output terminal 12, and the other end of switching capacitor C025 is grounded.

[0315] In conversion units 1-2, the first to the Kth conversion capacitors are also connected to K-1 second conversion switches and K-1 third conversion switches, respectively. One end of the j-th conversion capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the second conversion switch corresponding to the j-th conversion capacitor, and the other end of the j-th conversion capacitor is connected to the first electrode of the third conversion switch corresponding to the j-th conversion capacitor.

[0316] For example Figure 18 In this configuration, one end of the switching capacitor C021 is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor S022, and the other end of the switching capacitor C021 is connected to the first electrode of the third switching transistor S023. One end of the switching capacitor C022 is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor S025, and the other end of the switching capacitor C022 is connected to the first electrode of the third switching transistor S026. One end of the switching capacitor C023 is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor S028, and the other end of the switching capacitor C023 is connected to the first electrode of the third switching transistor S029. One end of the switching capacitor C024 is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0211, and the other end of the switching capacitor C024 is connected to the first electrode of the third switching transistor S0212.

[0317] Furthermore, the first electrodes of the aforementioned K-1 second switching transistors are connected to the output terminal 12 of the switching circuit 111, and the second electrodes of the K-1 third switching transistors are grounded to the second output terminal 14 of the switching circuit 111. Figure 18 As shown, the first electrode of the second switching transistors S022, S025, S028 and S0211 is connected to the output terminal 12, and the second electrode of the third switching transistors S023, S026, S029 and S0212 is grounded to the output terminal 14.

[0318] Depend on Figure 18 As shown in the diagram, the low-potential input terminal (the second electrode of the switching transistor S023) of the conversion unit 1-2 is grounded, preventing the conversion unit 1-2 from being directly connected in parallel with the input capacitor Cin1, and therefore preventing it from directly receiving the input voltage Vi1. In view of this, the first sub-circuit 1111 may also include an isolation unit 1-1, the first terminal of which is connected to the first first switching transistor (e.g., ...). Figure 18 The first electrode of the first switching transistor S021 is connected, and the second terminal of the isolation unit 1-1 is grounded. The isolation unit 1-1 can provide the first input voltage to the switching unit 1-2 through the first terminal and the second terminal.

[0319] For example, such as Figure 18As shown, the isolation unit includes a first isolation switch S011, a second isolation switch S012, a third isolation switch S013, a fourth isolation switch S014, and an isolation capacitor C011.

[0320] In this circuit, the first electrode of the first isolating switch S011 is connected to the input terminal 11. The second electrode of the first isolating switch S011 is connected to the first electrode of the second isolating switch S012 and one end of the isolation capacitor C011. The second electrode of the second isolating switch S012 is the first terminal of the isolation unit 1-1 and is connected to the first electrode of the first first switching switch (first switching switch S021). The other end of the isolation capacitor C011 is connected to the second electrode of the third isolating switch S013 and the first electrode of the fourth isolating switch S014. The first electrode of the third isolating switch S013 is the connection terminal 13 and is connected to the connection terminal 21 of the second sub-circuit 1112. The first electrode of the fourth isolating switch S014 is the second terminal of the isolation unit 1-1 and is grounded.

[0321] The isolation power supply 1-1 can provide the input voltage Vi to the conversion unit 1-2. Specifically, during the first time period of one cycle T1, the controller 112 can turn on the first isolation switch S011 and the fourth isolation switch S014, as shown in the equivalent circuit. Figure 18-1 As shown. By Figure 18-1 As can be seen, turning on the first isolation switch S011 and the fourth isolation switch S014 charges the isolation capacitor C011, and the voltage of the isolation capacitor C011 is Vi. It can be understood that during this period, the second isolation switch S012 and the third isolation switch S013 are disconnected.

[0322] During the second time period of cycle T1, controller 112 can turn on the second isolation switch S012 and the third isolation switch S013, and turn off the first isolation switch S011 and the fourth isolation switch S014. The equivalent circuit is as follows: Figure 18-2 As shown. By Figure 18-2 As can be seen, turning on the second isolation switch S012 and the third isolation switch S013 allows the isolation capacitor C011 to discharge. Since the voltage across the isolation capacitor C011 is equal to the input voltage Vi, and the voltage across the end of the isolation capacitor C011 connected to terminal O13 is Vi2, the voltage across the other end of the isolation capacitor C011 connected to the conversion unit 1-2 is Vi - Vi2 = Vi1. Therefore, the isolation capacitor C011 can provide the input voltage Vi1 to the conversion unit 1-2.

[0323] The conversion units 1-2 can then convert the input Vi1. Specifically, during the first time period of a cycle T2, the controller 112 can turn on the first conversion switches S021, S024, S027, S0210 and S0213 to charge the conversion capacitors C021 to C025.

[0324] During the first time period, the equivalent circuit of conversion unit 1-2 can be as follows: Figure 18-3 As shown in the diagram. Capacitors C021 to C025 are connected in series, with each switching capacitor having a voltage of Vi1 / 5. It is understood that during this period, the second switching transistors S022, S025, S028, and S0211, and the third switching transistors S023, S026, S029, and S0212 should remain disconnected.

[0325] During the second time period of period T2, controller 112 can disconnect the first switching transistors S021, S024, S027, S0210 and S0213, and turn on the second switching transistors S022, S025, S028 and S0211, as well as the third switching transistors S023, S026, S029 and S0212.

[0326] During the second time period, the equivalent circuit of conversion unit 1-2 can be as follows: Figure 18-4 As shown. In this case, the switching capacitors C021 to C025 are connected in parallel for output. Since the voltage of each switching capacitor is Vi / 5, the output voltage Vo of switching capacitors C021 to C025 is Vi / 5.

[0327] Specifically, when isolation unit 1-1 is in the first time period of cycle T1, conversion unit 1-2 can be in the second time period of cycle T2, that is, when isolation capacitor C011 is charging, the conversion capacitor in conversion unit 1-2 is discharging. Conversely, when isolation unit 1-1 is in the second time period of cycle T1, conversion unit 1-2 can be in the first time period of cycle T2, that is, when isolation capacitor C011 is discharging, the conversion capacitor in conversion unit 1-2 is charging.

[0328] As can be seen from the above conversion process, Figure 18 The maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 shown is 5, which is equal to the number of conversion capacitors in the first sub-circuit 1111. That is, if the first sub-circuit 1111 includes K conversion capacitors, then the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 is K.

[0329] Figure 18 The first sub-circuit 1111 shown can also achieve a turns ratio of 4, 3, 2, 1. Specifically:

[0330] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 4.

[0331] Controller 112 can turn on the first switching transistors S021, S024, S027, S0210, and S0211 during the first time period of period T2. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 18-5 As shown. Figure 18-5 As can be seen, switching capacitors C021, C022, C023, and C025 are charged in series, with each switching capacitor having a voltage of Vi1 / 4. It is understandable that the other switching transistors can remain off during this stage.

[0332] During the second time period of period T2, controller 112 can turn on the second switching transistors S022, S025, and S028, and the third switching transistors S023, S026, and S029. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 18-6 As shown. By Figure 18-6 As can be seen, switching capacitors C021, C022, C023, and C025 discharge in parallel. Since the voltage across each of these capacitors is Vi1 / 4, the output voltage Vo from capacitor C022 to C025 is also Vi1 / 4. It is understandable that the other switching transistors can remain off during this phase.

[0333] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 3.

[0334] Controller 112 can turn on the first switching transistor S021, the first switching transistor S024, the first switching transistor S027, and the second switching transistor S028 during the first time period of period T2. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 18-7 As shown. By Figure 18-7 As can be seen, switching capacitors C021, C022, and C025 are charged in series, with each switching capacitor having a voltage of Vi1 / 3. It is understandable that the other switching transistors can remain off during this stage.

[0335] During the second time interval of period T2, controller 112 can turn on the second switching transistors S022 and S025, and the third switching transistors S023 and S026. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 18-8 As shown. By Figure 18-8As can be seen, switching capacitors C021, C022, and C025 discharge in parallel. Since the voltage across each of the switching capacitors C021, C022, and C025 is Vi1 / 3, the output voltage Vo of the switching capacitors C021, C022, and C025 is also Vi1 / 3. It is understandable that the other switching transistors can remain off during this stage.

[0336] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 2.

[0337] Controller 112 can turn on the first switching transistor S021, the first switching transistor S024, and the second switching transistor S025 during the first time period of period T2. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 18-9 As shown. By Figure 18-9 As can be seen, switching capacitors C021 and C025 are charged in series, with each capacitor receiving a voltage of Vi1 / 2. It is understandable that the other switching transistors can remain off during this phase.

[0338] During the second time interval of period T2, controller 112 can turn on the second switching transistor S022 and the third switching transistor S023. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 18-1 As shown in 0. (By...) Figure 18-1 As can be seen, switching capacitors C021 and C025 are discharging in parallel. Since the voltage across each of switching capacitors C021 and C025 is Vi1 / 2, the output voltage Vo of switching capacitors C021 and C025 is Vi1 / 2. It is understandable that other switching transistors can remain off during this stage.

[0339] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 1.

[0340] Controller 112 can keep the first switching transistor S021 and the second switching transistor S022 on during period T2. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 18-11 As shown, the input voltage Vi1 is directly output from output terminal 12, thus making the output voltage Vo = Vi1. It can be understood that other switching transistors can remain off during this stage.

[0341] Example 3 of the first sub-circuit 1111:

[0342] This application provides a conversion circuit 111, such as Figure 19 As shown. The first sub-circuit 1111 mainly includes an isolation unit 1-1 and a conversion unit 1-2.

[0343] Specifically, the conversion unit 1-2 mainly includes K first conversion capacitors, K second conversion capacitors, K first conversion switching transistors, K second conversion switching transistors, K third conversion switching transistors, and K fourth conversion switching transistors, where K is an integer greater than 1. Figure 19 Taking K as a value of 2 as an example, the conversion unit 1-2 mainly includes the first conversion capacitors C0211 and C0212, the second conversion capacitors C0221 and C0222, the first conversion switch transistors S0211 and S0212, the second conversion switch transistors S0221 and S0222, the third conversion switch transistors S0231 and S0232, and the fourth conversion switch transistors S0241 and S0242.

[0344] One end of each of the K first conversion capacitors in the conversion unit 1-2 is connected to the second electrode of each of the K first conversion switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K second conversion switching transistors, respectively. The other end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third conversion switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K fourth conversion switching transistors, respectively.

[0345] For example Figure 19 In the first switching capacitor C0211, one end is connected to the second electrode of the first switching transistor S0211 and the first electrode of the second switching transistor S0221, respectively, and the other end of the first switching capacitor C0211 is connected to the second electrode of the third switching transistor S0231 and the first electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0241, respectively.

[0346] For example Figure 19 In the first switching capacitor C0212, one end is connected to the second electrode of the first switching transistor S0212 and the first electrode of the second switching transistor S0222, respectively, and the other end of the first switching capacitor C0212 is connected to the second electrode of the third switching transistor S0232 and the first electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0242, respectively.

[0347] In conversion unit 1-2, one end of each of the K second conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K second conversion switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K third conversion switching transistors, and the other end of each of the K second conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K fourth conversion switching transistors.

[0348] For example Figure 19 In the process, one end of the second switching capacitor C0221 is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0221 and the first electrode of the third switching transistor S0231, respectively, and the other end of the second switching capacitor C0221 is connected to the second electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0241.

[0349] For example Figure 19In the process, one end of the second switching capacitor C0222 is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0222 and the first electrode of the third switching transistor S0232, respectively, and the other end of the second switching capacitor C0222 is connected to the second electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0242.

[0350] Furthermore, the second electrodes of the first to K-1 fourth switching transistors in switching units 1-2 are connected one-to-one with the first electrodes of the second to Kth first switching transistors. For example... Figure 19 In the middle, the second electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0241 is connected to the first electrode of the first switching transistor S0212, while the second electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0242 and the output terminal 14 are grounded.

[0351] Depend on Figure 19 As can be seen from the conversion unit 1-2 shown, the conversion unit 1-2 cannot be connected in parallel with the input capacitor Cin1, and therefore cannot directly receive the input voltage Vi1. In view of this, the first sub-circuit 1111 may also include an isolation unit 1-1. The specific implementation of the isolation unit 1-1 can be referred to Example 2 of the first sub-circuit 1111 above, and will not be described again here.

[0352] Conversion units 1-2 can convert the input voltage Vi1. Specifically, during the first time period of one cycle T2, controller 112 can turn on the first conversion switches S0211 and S0212, and the third conversion switches S0231 and S0232. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 19-1 As shown. By Figure 19-1 As can be seen, this causes the first switching capacitor C0211, the second switching capacitor C0221, the first switching capacitor C0212, and the second switching capacitor C0222 to be charged in series, with the voltage of each switching capacitor being Vi1 / 4. It is understood that other switching transistors should remain off during this period.

[0353] During the second time period of period T2, controller 112 can turn on the second switching transistors S0221 and S0222, and the fourth switching transistors S0241 and S0242. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 19-2 As shown. By Figure 19-2 As can be seen, the first conversion capacitor C0211, the second conversion capacitor C0221, the first conversion capacitor C0212, and the second conversion capacitor C0222 are discharged in parallel. Since the voltage of each conversion capacitor is Vi1 / 4, the output voltage Vo of the conversion unit 1-2 is Vi1 / 4. It can be understood that the controller 112 can keep the other switching transistors off during this period.

[0354] As can be seen from the above conversion process, Figure 19The maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 shown is 4, which is equal to twice the number of first conversion capacitors in the first sub-circuit 1111. That is, if the first sub-circuit 1111 includes K first conversion capacitors, then the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 is 2K.

[0355] Figure 19 The first sub-circuit 1111 shown can also achieve turns ratios 2 and 1, specifically:

[0356] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 2:

[0357] Controller 112 can turn on the first switching transistor S0211, the second switching transistor S0221, the third switching transistor S0231, and the fourth switching transistor S0241 during the first time period of period T2. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 19-3 As shown. By Figure 19-3 Therefore, the first conversion capacitor C0211 and the second conversion capacitor C0221 are shorted. The controller 112 also needs to turn on the first conversion switch S0212 and the third conversion switch S0232, causing the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 to be charged in series, with the voltage of each conversion capacitor being Vi1 / 2. It can be understood that the controller 112 can keep other switches off during this period.

[0358] During the second time period of period T2, controller 112 can keep the first switching transistor S0211, the second switching transistor S0221, the third switching transistor S0231, and the fourth switching transistor S0241 on, disconnect the first switching transistor S0212 and the third switching transistor S0232, and turn on the second switching transistor S0222 and the fourth switching transistor S0242. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 19-3 As shown. By Figure 19-3 It can be seen that the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 are discharged in parallel. Since the voltage of the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 is Vi1 / 2, the output voltage Vo of the conversion unit 1-2 is Vi1 / 2.

[0359] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 1:

[0360] Controller 112 can keep the first switching transistors S0211 and S0212, the second switching transistors S0221 and S0222, the third switching transistors S0231 and S0232, and the fourth switching transistors S0241 and S0242 turned on during period T2. The equivalent circuit is as follows: Figure 19-5 As shown, the input voltage Vi1 is directly output from the output terminal 12, so that the output voltage Vo = Vi1.

[0361] Example 4 of the first sub-circuit 1111:

[0362] This application provides a conversion circuit 111, such as Figure 20 As shown. The first sub-circuit 1111 mainly includes an isolation unit 1-1 and a conversion unit 1-2.

[0363] Specifically, the conversion unit 1-2 mainly includes K first conversion capacitors, K second conversion capacitors, K first conversion switches, K second conversion switches, K third conversion switches, and K fourth conversion switches. For example... Figure 20 Taking K as a value of 2 as an example, the conversion unit 1-2 mainly includes the first conversion capacitors C0211 and C0212, the second conversion capacitors C0221 and C0222, the first conversion switch transistors S0211 and S0212, the second conversion switch transistors S0221 and S0222, the third conversion switch transistors S0231 and S0232, and the fourth conversion switch transistors S0241 and S0242.

[0364] One end of each of the K first conversion capacitors in the conversion unit 1-2 is connected to the second electrode of each of the K first conversion switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K second conversion switching transistors, respectively. The other end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third conversion switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K fourth conversion switching transistors, respectively.

[0365] For example Figure 20 In the first switching capacitor C0211, one end is connected to the second electrode of the first switching transistor S0211 and the first electrode of the second switching transistor S0221, respectively, and the other end of the first switching capacitor C0211 is connected to the second electrode of the third switching transistor S0231 and the first electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0241, respectively.

[0366] For example Figure 20 In the first switching capacitor C0212, one end is connected to the second electrode of the first switching transistor S0212 and the first electrode of the second switching transistor S0222, respectively, and the other end of the first switching capacitor C0212 is connected to the second electrode of the third switching transistor S0232 and the first electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0242, respectively.

[0367] In the conversion unit 1-2, one end of each of the K second conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K second conversion switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K third conversion switching transistors, and the other end of each of the K second conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K fourth conversion switching transistors.

[0368] For example Figure 20In the process, one end of the second switching capacitor C0221 is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0221 and the first electrode of the third switching transistor S0231, respectively, and the other end of the second switching capacitor C0221 is connected to the second electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0241.

[0369] For example Figure 20 In the process, one end of the second switching capacitor C0222 is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0222 and the first electrode of the third switching transistor S0232, respectively, and the other end of the second switching capacitor C0222 is connected to the second electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0242.

[0370] Furthermore, the second electrodes of the K fourth switching transistors in the conversion unit 1-2 and the output terminal 14 are grounded, the second electrodes of the 1st to K-1th second switching transistors are connected one-to-one with the first electrodes of the 2nd to Kth first switching transistors, and the second electrode of the Kth second switching transistor is connected to the output terminal 12.

[0371] For example Figure 20 In the middle, the second electrodes of the fourth switching transistors S0241 and S0242 are grounded, the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0221 is connected to the first electrode of the first switching transistor S0212, and the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0222 is connected to the output terminal 12.

[0372] Depend on Figure 20 As can be seen from the conversion unit 1-2 shown, the conversion unit 1-2 cannot be connected in parallel with the input capacitor Cin1, and therefore cannot directly receive the input voltage Vi1. In view of this, the first sub-circuit 1111 may also include an isolation unit 1-1. The specific implementation of the isolation unit 1-1 can be referred to Example 2 of the first sub-circuit 1111 above, and will not be described again here.

[0373] The conversion unit 1-2 can convert the input voltage Vi1. The specific implementation of the controller 112 setting the first transformation ratio N1 to 4 can be referred to Example 3 of the first sub-circuit 1111 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0374] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 2:

[0375] Controller 112 can turn on the first switching transistor S0211 and the second switching transistor S0221 during the first time period of period T2, and turn off the third switching transistor S0231 and the fourth switching transistor S0241. Controller 112 also needs to turn on the first switching transistor S0212 and the third switching transistor S0232. The equivalent circuit is as follows: Figure 20-1 As shown, the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 are connected in series and charged, with the voltage of each conversion capacitor being Vi1 / 2.

[0376] During the second time period of period T2, controller 112 can keep the first switching transistor S0211 and the second switching transistor S0221 on, and keep the third switching transistor S0231 and the fourth switching transistor S0241 off. Controller 112 disconnects the first switching transistor S0212 and the third switching transistor S0232, and turns on the second switching transistor S0222 and the fourth switching transistor S0242. The equivalent circuit is as follows: Figure 20-2 As shown, the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 are connected in parallel and discharged. Since the voltage between the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 is Vi1 / 2, the output voltage Vo of the conversion unit 1-2 is Vi1 / 2.

[0377] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 1:

[0378] The controller 112 can keep the first switching transistors S0211 and S0212, the second switching transistors S0221 and S0222 on during period T2, and keep the third switching transistors S0231 and S0232 and the fourth switching transistors S0241 and S0242 off. The equivalent circuit is as follows: Figure 20-3 As shown, this allows the output voltage Vo = Vi1.

[0379] Example 5 of the first sub-circuit 1111:

[0380] This application provides a conversion circuit 111, such as Figure 21 As shown. The first sub-circuit 1111 mainly includes an isolation unit 1-1 and a conversion unit 1-2.

[0381] Specifically, conversion units 1-2 mainly include K first conversion capacitors, a first conversion switch transistor, K second conversion switch transistors, K third conversion switch transistors, K fourth conversion switch transistors, and a second conversion capacitor, where K is an integer greater than 1. For example... Figure 21 Taking K as 2 as an example, the conversion unit 1-2 mainly includes the first conversion capacitors C0211 and C0212, the first conversion switch S0211, the second conversion switch S0221 and S0222, the third conversion switch S0231 and S0232, the fourth conversion switch S0241 and S0242, and the second conversion capacitor C0222.

[0382] In the conversion unit 1-2, one end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the first electrode of each of the K second conversion switches, and the other end of each of the K first conversion capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third conversion switches and the first electrode of each of the K fourth conversion switches.

[0383] For example Figure 21 In the first switching capacitor C0211, one end is connected to the first electrode of the second switching transistor S0221, and the other end of the first switching capacitor C0211 is connected to the second electrode of the third switching transistor S0231 and the first electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0241, respectively.

[0384] For example Figure 21 In the first switching capacitor C0212, one end is connected to the first electrode of the second switching transistor S0222, and the other end of the first switching capacitor C0212 is connected to the second electrode of the third switching transistor S0232 and the first electrode of the fourth switching transistor S0242, respectively.

[0385] In conversion unit 1-2, the second electrodes of K fourth conversion switching transistors and the output terminal 14 are grounded, K second conversion switching transistors are connected in sequence, and the first electrode of the first second conversion switching transistor is connected to the second electrode of the first conversion switching transistor, and the second electrode of the Kth second conversion switching transistor is connected to the output terminal 12.

[0386] like Figure 21 In the middle, the second electrodes of the fourth switching transistors S0241 and S0242 are grounded, the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0221 is connected to the first electrode of the first switching transistor S212, and the second electrode of the second switching transistor S0222 is connected to the output terminal 12.

[0387] Depend on Figure 21 As can be seen from the conversion unit 1-2 shown, the conversion unit 1-2 cannot be connected in parallel with the input capacitor Cin1, and therefore cannot directly receive the input voltage Vi1. In view of this, the first sub-circuit 1111 may also include an isolation unit 1-1. The specific implementation of the isolation unit 1-1 can be referred to Example 2 of the first sub-circuit 1111 above, and will not be described again here.

[0388] Conversion units 1-2 can convert the input voltage Vi1. Specifically, during the first time period of one cycle T2, controller 112 can turn on the first switching transistor S0211, and the third switching transistors S0231 and S0232, as shown in the equivalent circuit. Figure 21-1 As shown, the first switching capacitor C0211, the first switching capacitor C0212, and the second switching capacitor C0222 are connected in series and charged, with the voltage of each switching capacitor being Vi1 / 3. It is understood that other switching transistors should remain off during this period.

[0389] During the second time period of period T2, controller 112 can turn on the second switching transistors S0221 and S0222, and the fourth switching transistors S0241 and S0242, as shown in the equivalent circuit. Figure 21-2As shown, the first conversion capacitor C0211, the first conversion capacitor C0212, and the second conversion capacitor C0222 are discharged in parallel. Since the voltage of each conversion capacitor is Vi1 / 3, the output voltage Vo of the conversion unit 1-2 is Vi1 / 3. It can be understood that the controller 112 can keep the other switches off during this period.

[0390] As can be seen from the above conversion process, Figure 21 The maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 shown is 3, which is equal to the number of first conversion capacitors in the first sub-circuit 1111 plus one. That is, if the first sub-circuit 1111 includes K first conversion capacitors, then the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111 is K+1.

[0391] Figure 21 The first sub-circuit 1111 shown can also achieve turns ratios 2 and 1, specifically:

[0392] When the first transformation ratio N1 needs to be set to 2:

[0393] Controller 112 can turn on the first switching transistor S0211 and the second switching transistor S0221 during the first time period of period T2, and turn off the third switching transistor S0231 and the fourth switching transistor S0241. Controller 112 also needs to turn on the third switching transistor S0232. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 21-3 As shown, the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 are connected in series and charged, with the voltage of each conversion capacitor being Vi1 / 2.

[0394] During the second time period of period T2, controller 112 can keep the first switching transistor S0211 and the second switching transistor S0221 on, and keep the third switching transistor S0231 and the fourth switching transistor S0241 off. Controller 112 disconnects the third switching transistor S0232 and turns on the second switching transistor S0222 and the fourth switching transistor S0242. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 21-4 As shown, the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 are connected in parallel and discharged. Since the voltage between the first conversion capacitor C0212 and the second conversion capacitor C0222 is Vi1 / 2, the output voltage Vo of the conversion unit 1-2 is Vi1 / 2.

[0395] When the first turns ratio N1 needs to be set to 1:

[0396] The controller 112 can keep the first switching transistor S0211, the second switching transistors S0221 and S0222 on during period T2, and keep the third switching transistors S0231 and S0232 and the fourth switching transistors S0241 and S0242 off. The equivalent circuit can be as follows: Figure 21-5 As shown, the input voltage Vi1 is directly output from the output terminal 12, so that the output voltage Vo = Vi1.

[0397] Example 6 of the first sub-circuit 1111:

[0398] In Examples 1 to 5 above, the first sub-circuit 1111 only supports integer values ​​for the transformation ratio. In one possible implementation, the first sub-circuit 1111 may further include a first regulating inductor, which can output the output voltage Vo obtained by the first sub-circuit. Because the first sub-circuit 1111 includes a first regulating inductor, the first sub-circuit 1111 can more precisely regulate the output voltage Vo through the first regulating inductor. That is, the first transformation ratio N1 can continuously change within a certain range, and the value of the first transformation ratio N1 can be a non-integer.

[0399] For example, such as Figure 22 As shown, the structure of this first sub-circuit 1111 is similar to that of the first sub-circuit 1111 in Example 1 of the first conversion circuit 111 described above; the similarities will not be repeated here. The difference lies in... Figure 22 The first sub-circuit 1111 also includes a first regulating inductor L1, one end of which is connected to the first electrode of the output switch S23, and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal 12.

[0400] Correspondingly, the controller 112 can further adjust the control method of the first sub-circuit 1111 based on the control method disclosed in Example 1 of the first conversion circuit 111. Specifically, after determining that the first transformation ratio N1 of the first conversion circuit 1111 is not an integer, the controller 112 can round the first transformation ratio N1, and the rounding result is represented by A. For example, if N1=4.3, then A=4.

[0401] The controller 112 can control some of the switching transistors to turn on during the first time period of each cycle, and control another part of the switching transistors to turn on during the second time period of each cycle. The controller 112 can determine the switching transistors that need to be turned on during different time periods in a manner similar to that in Example 1 above, according to the rounding result A.

[0402] For example, if the rounding result A=2, then controller 112 turns on input switches S11, S13, S14, S21, and S24 during the first time period, and turns off input switches S12, S22, S23, S25, and S26 during the second time period.

[0403] The difference lies in the fact that in Example 1 above, the controller 112 uses a 50% duty cycle for the drive signal of the switching transistor that is not normally on or normally off, meaning the durations of the first and second time periods are equal. However, in Example 6, because a first regulating inductor L1 is added to the first sub-circuit 1111, the controller 112 can adjust the charging and discharging time of the first regulating inductor L1 by adjusting the duty cycle of the drive signal. Furthermore, since the voltage of the first regulating inductor L1 can change continuously, the controller 112 can continuously adjust the output voltage Vo by adjusting the duty cycle of the drive signal, and thus continuously adjust the duty cycle of the first sub-circuit 1111.

[0404] Next, taking the discharge process of terminal battery 12 as an example, according to Figure 8 The method flow shown is explained below. It should be noted that during the discharge process of the terminal battery 12, the controller 112 can either keep the reference voltage Vc constant or dynamically adjust the reference voltage Vc according to the current input voltage Vi and the target output voltage Va. This application embodiment does not impose many limitations on this.

[0405] Specifically:

[0406] In the initial stage of discharge of terminal battery 12, such as Figure 23a As shown, the input voltage Vi of the conversion circuit 111 is 4.4V, and the target output voltage Va is 0.75V. Assuming the reference voltage Vc = 1.5V, the controller 112 can determine that the first transformation ratio N1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 is 3.86, the rounded result A of the first transformation ratio N1 is 3, and the second transformation ratio N2 is 2. Based on the rounded result A = 3, the controller 112 can determine which switching transistors need to be turned on or off in the first and second time periods of each cycle. Then, the duty cycle of the drive signal of the normally on or normally off switching transistors is adjusted to make the first transformation ratio N1 reach 3.86.

[0407] After the terminal battery 12 has been discharged for a period of time, such as Figure 23bAs shown, the battery voltage decreases, and the input voltage drops to 3.2V, while the target output voltage Va remains at 0.75V. Assuming the reference voltage Vc remains at 1.5V, the controller 112 can determine that the first transformation ratio N1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 is 2.27, the rounded result of the first transformation ratio N1 is A=2, and the second transformation ratio N2=2. Based on the rounded result A=2, the controller 112 can determine which switches need to be turned on or off in the first and second time periods of each cycle. Then, it adjusts the duty cycle of the drive signals for the constantly on or constantly off switches to make the first transformation ratio N1 reach 2.27.

[0408] like Figure 23c As shown, the input voltage is 4V, and the target output voltage Va is 1.25V. Assuming the reference voltage Vc is 2V, the controller 112 can determine that the first transformation ratio N1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 is 1.6, the rounded result A of the first transformation ratio N1 is 1, and the second transformation ratio N2 is 1.6. Based on the rounded result A=1, the controller 112 can determine which switches need to be turned on or off in the first and second time periods of each cycle. Then, it adjusts the duty cycle of the drive signals for the normally on or normally off switches to make the first transformation ratio N1 reach 1.6.

[0409] Next, with Figure 22 For example, a further illustrative explanation of the first turns ratio N1 is provided:

[0410] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 3.

[0411] For example, assuming that each switch in the first sub-circuit 1111 is turned on at high voltage and turned off at low voltage, the controller 112 can adopt the following... Figure 11 The drive signal shown sets the first transformation ratio N1 to 3. Specifically:

[0412] During the time period from 0 to T / 2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 24a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S3, output switch S21, output switch S24 and output switch S25 are turned on, while input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0413] During the time period from T / 2 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 24b As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, output switch S21, output switch S24 and output switch S25 are off, while input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S26 are on.

[0414] contrast Figure 24a and Figure 12a and comparison Figure 24b and Figure 12b As can be seen, the controller 112 controls the on / off states of each switching transistor in the same way. It should be noted that since the voltage across the first regulating inductor L1 is 0 during the time intervals from 0 to T / 2 and from T / 2 to T, the magnitude of the output voltage Vo will not change.

[0415] The first transformation ratio N1 is set to 3.86.

[0416] For example, controller 112 may employ as follows Figure 25 The drive signal shown sets the first turns ratio N1 to 3.86. For example... Figure 25 As shown, the period of the drive signal is T. Input switches S11 and S13 correspond to the same drive signal, input switches S12 and S14 correspond to the same drive signal, output switches S21, S24 and S25 correspond to the same drive signal, and output switches S22, S23 and S26 correspond to the same drive signal.

[0417] During the time interval from 0 to t1, the state of each switch can be as follows: Figure 26a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, output switch S21, output switch S24 and output switch S25 are turned on, while input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0418] During the time interval t1 to t2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 26b As shown in the figure. Among them, input switches S11, S12, S13 and S14 are off, while output switches S21, S22, S23, S24, S25 and S26 are on.

[0419] During the time period from t2 to t3, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 26c As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S26 are turned on, while input switch S11, input switch S13, output switch S21, output switch S24 and output switch S25 are turned off.

[0420] During the time interval from t3 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 26dAs shown in the figure. Among them, input switches S11, S12, S13 and S14 are off, while output switches S21, S22, S23, S24, S25 and S26 are on.

[0421] contrast Figure 25 and Figure 11 The drive signals shown are visible. Figure 25 The driving signal shown includes time periods t2 to t3 and t3 to T, respectively corresponding to... Figure 26b and Figure 26d The switching states are shown. Time periods t2 to t3 and t3 to T can be used for freewheeling of the first regulating inductor L1.

[0422] Assuming D1 is the duty cycle of time period 0 to t1 within period T, and D3 is the duty cycle of time period t2 to t3 within period T, in this embodiment, the durations of time periods 0 to t1 and t2 to t3 are the same, that is:

[0423] D1 = D3 = t1 / T = (t3 - t2) / T

[0424] The controller 112 can adjust the output voltage Vo by adjusting D1, thereby enabling the first sub-circuit 1111 to achieve a continuously adjustable turns ratio. For example, Figure 22 In the first sub-circuit 1111 shown, D1 and the first turns ratio N1 satisfy the following relationship:

[0425] (Formula 22)

[0426] According to Formula 22, when N1 = 3.86, A = 3 and D1 = 0.389. Therefore, by adjusting D1 to 0.389, the controller 112 can make the first turns ratio N1 reach 3.86.

[0427] Controller 112 sets the first transformation ratio N1 to 2.

[0428] For example, controller 112 may employ as follows Figure 13 The drive signal shown sets the first transformation ratio N1 to 2. Specifically:

[0429] During the time period from 0 to T / 2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 27a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, input switch S14, output switch S21 and output switch S24 are turned on, while input switch S12, output switch S22, output switch S23, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0430] During the time period from T / 2 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 27b As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22 and output switch S23 are turned on, while input switch S11, input switch S13, output switch S21, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0431] The first transformer ratio N1 is set to 2.27.

[0432] For example, controller 112 may employ as follows Figure 28 The drive signal shown sets the first turns ratio N1 to 2.27. For example... Figure 28 As shown, the period of the drive signal is T. Input switches S11 and S13 correspond to the same drive signal, input switch S12 corresponds to one drive signal, input switch S14 corresponds to one drive signal, output switches S21 and S24 correspond to the same drive signal, output switches S22 and S23 correspond to the same drive signal, and output switches S25 and S26 correspond to the same drive signal.

[0433] The drive signal corresponding to the input switch S14 is a continuous high-level signal, meaning that the input switch S14 remains in the on state during the operation T. The drive signals corresponding to the output switches S25 and S26 are continuous low-level signals, meaning that the output switches S25 and S26 remain in the off state.

[0434] During the time interval from 0 to t1, the state of each switch can be as follows: Figure 29a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, input switch S14, output switch S21 and output switch S24 are turned on, while input switch S12, output switch S22, output switch S23, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0435] During the time interval t1 to t2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 29b As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S12, input switch S13, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are disconnected, while input switch S14, output switch S21, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S24 are turned on.

[0436] During the time period from t2 to t3, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 29cAs shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S12, input switch S14, output switch S22 and output switch S23 are turned on, while input switch S11, input switch S13, output switch S21, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0437] During the time interval from t3 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 29d As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S12, input switch S13, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are disconnected, while input switch S14, output switch S21, output switch S22, output switch S23 and output switch S24 are turned on.

[0438] contrast Figure 28 and Figure 13 The drive signals shown are visible. Figure 28 The driving signal shown includes time periods t2 to t3 and t3 to T, respectively corresponding to... Figure 29b and Figure 29d The switching states are shown. Time periods t2 to t3 and t3 to T can be used for freewheeling of the first regulating inductor L1.

[0439] According to Formula 22, when N1=2.27, A=2 and D1=0.44. Therefore, the controller 112 adjusts D1 to 0.44, so that the first transformation ratio N1 can reach 2.27.

[0440] Controller 112 sets the first transformation ratio N1 to 1.

[0441] For example, controller 112 may employ as follows Figure 15 The drive signal shown sets the first transformation ratio N1 to 1. Specifically:

[0442] During the time period from 0 to T / 2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 30a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, input switch S14 and output switch S21 are turned on, while input switch S12, output switch S22, output switch S23, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0443] During the time period from T / 2 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 30b As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S12, input switch S13, input switch S14 and output switch S22 are turned on, while input switch S11, output switch S21, input switch S23, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0444] Controller 112 sets the first transformation ratio N1 to 1.6.

[0445] For example, controller 112 may employ as follows Figure 31 The drive signal shown sets the first turns ratio N1 to 1.6. For example... Figure 31 As shown, the period of the drive signal is T. Input switch S11 corresponds to one drive signal, input switch S12 corresponds to one drive signal, input switch S13 and input switch S14 correspond to the same drive signal, output switch S21 corresponds to one drive signal, output switch S22 corresponds to one drive signal, and output switches S23, S24, S25 and S26 correspond to the same drive signal.

[0446] Specifically, the drive signals for input switches S13 and S14 are continuous high-level signals, meaning that input switch S14 remains on during period T. The drive signals for output switches S23, S24, S25, and S26 are continuous low-level signals, meaning that output switches S23, S24, S25, and S26 remain off during period T.

[0447] During the time interval from 0 to t1, the state of each switch can be as follows: Figure 32a As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S13, input switch S14 and output switch S21 are turned on, while input switch S12, output switch S22, output switch S23, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0448] During the time interval t1 to t2, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 32b As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S12, output switch S23, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are disconnected, while input switch S13, input switch S14, output switch S21 and output switch S22 are turned on.

[0449] During the time period from t2 to t3, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 32c As shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S12, input switch S13, input switch S14 and output switch S22 are turned on, while input switch S11, output switch S21, output switch S23, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are turned off.

[0450] During the time interval from t3 to T, the state of each switching transistor can be as follows: Figure 32dAs shown in the figure. Among them, input switch S11, input switch S12, output switch S23, output switch S24, output switch S25 and output switch S26 are disconnected, while input switch S13, input switch S14, output switch S21 and output switch S22 are turned on.

[0451] contrast Figure 31 and Figure 15 As can be seen from the driving signals shown, the driving signal shown in 31 adds time periods t2 to t3 and t3 to T, respectively corresponding to Figure 32b and Figure 32d The switching states are shown. Time periods t2 to t3 and t3 to T can be used for freewheeling of the first regulating inductor L1.

[0452] According to Formula 22, when N1=1.6, A=1 and D1=0.3125. Therefore, the controller 112 adjusts D1 to 0.3125, which makes the first transformation ratio N1 reach 1.6.

[0453] As can be seen from the above, the inclusion of a first regulating inductor L1 in the first sub-circuit 1111 facilitates continuous adjustment of the first turns ratio N1 by the controller 112. In one possible implementation, the second sub-circuit 1112 includes a second regulating inductor L2, which can be used to regulate the output voltage Vo of the second sub-circuit 1112 (adjusting the second turns ratio N2) to achieve the target output voltage Va. In this case, the first regulating inductor L1 in the first sub-circuit 1111 can be electromagnetically coupled to the second regulating inductor L2 in the second sub-circuit 1112, i.e., the first regulating inductor L1 and the second regulating inductor L2 are coupled inductors.

[0454] For example, such as Figure 33 As shown, the first regulating inductor L1 and the second regulating inductor L2 are coupled inductors with a coupling coefficient of k. They can be either positively coupled or anti-coupled. Compared to two discrete inductors, the coupled nature of the first regulating inductor L1 and the second regulating inductor L2 helps to reduce their size. Furthermore, it also helps to reduce the ripple of the output current in the first regulating inductor L1 and the second regulating inductor L2, thereby further improving the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111.

[0455] This application has illustrated possible implementations of the first sub-circuit 111 through the above six examples. It should be noted that, without violating basic physical principles, all or part of the features of different examples can be combined and referenced to obtain new technical solutions.

[0456] For example, based on Example 6 above, the resonant inductor disclosed in Example 1 above can be further combined to obtain, as follows: Figure 34 The conversion circuit 111 shown will not be described in detail.

[0457] For example, based on Example 1 above, the resonant inductor and the first regulating inductor disclosed in Example 6 above can be further combined to obtain... Figure 35 The conversion circuit 111 shown. In this circuit, inductors can be set at one or more of the following positions: position 1, positions 21 to 2n, and positions 31 to 3n.

[0458] In this application embodiment, the second sub-circuit 1112 can also be implemented in various ways. Generally speaking, when the efficiency of the second sub-circuit 1112 is low, the second sub-circuit 1112 can focus on fine adjustment of the output voltage Vo.

[0459] Example 1 of the second sub-circuit 1112:

[0460] The second sub-circuit 1112 can be a buck circuit. For example, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the second sub-circuit 1112 mainly includes a switching transistor Sa, a switching transistor Sb, and an inductor L1. The first electrode of the switching transistor Sa can serve as the connection terminal 21 of the second sub-circuit 1112, connected to the connection terminal 13 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The second electrode of the switching transistor Sa is connected to the first electrode of the switching transistor Sb and one end of the second regulating inductor L2. The second electrode of the switching transistor Sb can serve as the output terminal 24, connected to the input terminal 23, and grounded. The other end of the second regulating inductor L2 can serve as the output terminal 22, connected to the output terminal 14 of the first sub-circuit 1111.

[0461] Figure 9 The Buck circuit shown has at least three operating states, as follows: Figure 36a , Figure 36b and Figure 36c As shown. Specifically:

[0462] like Figure 36a As shown, △I represents the ripple current on the second regulating inductor L2, I Buck_out This represents the output current of the second sub-circuit 1112, and Da represents the duty cycle of the switching transistor Sa during period Ts. When ΔI / 2 Buck_out At this time, the second sub-circuit 1112 operates in continuous mode, and the output current I of the second sub-circuit 1112 is... Buck_out The relationship between time t and time can be shown in 36a.

[0463] When △I / 2=I Buck_out ​At this time, the second sub-circuit 1112 operates in continuous mode, and the output current I of the second sub-circuit 1112 is... Buck_out The relationship between time t and time can be shown in Figure 36b.

[0464] When △I / 2>I Buck_out At this time, the second sub-circuit 1112 operates in an intermittent state, and the output current I of the second sub-circuit 1112 is... Buck_out The relationship between time t and time can be shown in 36c.

[0465] Depend on Figures 36a to 36c It can be seen that when the second sub-circuit 1112 operates in the continuous state and the critical state, there are only two states within one cycle of the second sub-circuit 1112: the inductor current I in the second regulating inductor L2. L (t) gradually increases, or the inductor current I L (t) gradually decreases. In this case, Da + Db = 1. By adjusting the duty cycle Da in the second sub-circuit 1112, the output voltage Vo can be adjusted, and the second transformation ratio N2 can be adjusted so that the output voltage Vo of the second sub-circuit 1112 reaches the target output voltage Va.

[0466] The duty cycle Da and the second ratio N2 satisfy the following relationship:

[0467] (Formula 23)

[0468] When the second sub-circuit 1112 operates in discontinuous mode, there are three states within one cycle Ts: inductor current I L (t) gradually increases, inductor current I L (t) gradually decreases and the inductor current I L (t) is 0. In this case, (Da+Db)<1, and the output voltage Vo can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycles Da and Db in the second sub-circuit 1112. The duty cycle Da, output voltage Vo, first transformation ratio N1, and second transformation ratio N2 satisfy the following relationship:

[0469] (Formula 24)

[0470] Combining formulas 23 and 24, we can see that:

[0471]

[0472] Where R represents the equivalent resistance of load 13, and L represents the inductance of the second regulating inductor L2. Generally, the equivalent resistance of load 13 and the inductance of the second regulating inductor L2 are not adjustable, therefore the controller 112 can adjust the second transformation ratio N2 by adjusting the duty cycle Da.

[0473] Specifically, from 0 to Da During the time period Ts, the states of each switch in the second sub-circuit 1112 can be as follows: Figure 37a As shown. In this diagram, switch Sa is on, and switch Sb is off. In Da... Ts to (Da+Db) During the time period Ts, the states of each switch in the second sub-circuit 1112 can be as follows: Figure 37b As shown. In this diagram, switch Sa is off, and switch Sb is on. In (Da+Db)... During the time interval from Ts to Ts, the states of each switch in the second sub-circuit 1112 can be as follows: Figure 37c As shown. In this circuit, both switching transistors Sa and Sb are off. The controller 112 can adjust the second transformation ratio N2 by adjusting the duration of each time period, so that the output voltage Vo of the second sub-circuit 1112 reaches the target output voltage Va.

[0474] Example 2 of the second sub-circuit 1112:

[0475] The second sub-circuit 1112 can also be an adjustable boost circuit. For example, such as... Figure 38 As shown, the second sub-circuit 1112 mainly includes a switching transistor Sa, a switching transistor Sb, an adjusting capacitor Ca, and a second adjusting inductor L2. One end of the second adjusting inductor L2 can be connected as the connection terminal 21 of the second sub-circuit 1112 to the connection terminal 13 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The other end of the second adjusting inductor L2 is connected to the first electrode of both the switching transistor Sa and the first electrode of the switching transistor Sb. The second electrode of the switching transistor Sa and one end of the adjusting capacitor Ca can be used as output terminals 22, connected to the output terminal 12 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The second electrode of the switching transistor Sb and the other end of the adjusting capacitor Ca can be used as input terminals 23 and output terminals 24, respectively, grounded.

[0476] Example 3 of the second sub-circuit 1112:

[0477] The second sub-circuit 1112 can also be a Buck-Boost circuit. For example, such as... Figure 39As shown, the second sub-circuit 1112 mainly includes switching transistors Sa, Sb, Sc, and Sd, and a second regulating inductor L2. The first electrode of switching transistor Sa can serve as the connection terminal 21 of the second sub-circuit 1112, connected to the connection terminal 13 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The second electrode of switching transistor Sa can be connected to the first electrode of switching transistor Sb and one end of the second regulating inductor L2. The other end of the second regulating inductor L2 is connected to the second electrode of switching transistor Sc and the first electrode of switching transistor Sd. The first electrode of switching transistor Sc can serve as the output terminal 22, connected to the output terminal 12 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The second electrodes of switching transistors Sb and Sd can serve as the input terminal 23 and output terminal 24, respectively, grounded.

[0478] Example 4 of the second sub-circuit 1112:

[0479] The second sub-circuit 1112 can also be a chopper (Cuk) circuit. For example, such as... Figure 40 As shown, the second sub-circuit 1112 mainly includes a switching transistor Sa, a switching transistor Sb, an adjusting capacitor Ca, an adjusting capacitor Cb, a second adjusting inductor L2, and a third adjusting inductor L3.

[0480] One end of the third regulating inductor L3 can serve as the connection terminal 21 of the second sub-circuit 1112, connected to the connection terminal 13 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The other end of the third regulating inductor L3 is connected to the first electrode of the switching transistor Sa and one end of the regulating capacitor Cb. The other end of the regulating capacitor Cb is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor L2 and the first electrode of the switching transistor Sb. The other end of the second regulating inductor L2 is connected to one end of the regulating capacitor Ca. The other end of the regulating capacitor Ca, the second electrode of the switching transistor Sa, and the second electrode of the switching transistor Sb are grounded.

[0481] Example 5 of the second sub-circuit 1112:

[0482] The second sub-circuit 1112 can also be a single-ended primary inductor converter (SEPIC) circuit. For example, such as... Figure 41 As shown, the second sub-circuit 1112 mainly includes switching transistors Sa and Sb, a second regulating inductor L2, a third regulating inductor L3, a first regulating capacitor Ca, and a second regulating capacitor Cb. Wherein:

[0483] One end of the third regulating inductor L3 can serve as connection terminal 21, connected to connection terminal 13 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The other end of the third regulating inductor L3 is connected to one end of the second regulating capacitor Cb and the first electrode of the switching transistor Sa. The other end of the second regulating capacitor Cb is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor L2 and the first electrode of the switching transistor Sb. The second electrode of the switching transistor Sb can serve as output terminal 22, connected to output terminal 12 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The second electrode of the switching transistor Sb is also connected to one end of the first regulating capacitor Ca. The second electrode of the switching transistor Sa, the other end of the second regulating inductor L2, and the other end of the first regulating capacitor Ca are grounded.

[0484] Example 6 of the second sub-circuit 1112:

[0485] The second sub-circuit 1112 can also be a zeta circuit. For example, such as... Figure 42 As shown, the second sub-circuit 1112 mainly includes switching transistors Sa and Sb, a second regulating inductor L2, a third regulating inductor L3, a first regulating capacitor Ca, and a second regulating capacitor Cb. Wherein:

[0486] The first electrode of the switching transistor Sa can be used as the connection terminal 21 of the second sub-circuit 1112, and connected to the connection terminal 13 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The second electrode of the switching transistor Sa is connected to one end of the second regulating capacitor Cb and one end of the third regulating inductor L3. The other end of the second regulating capacitor Cb is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor L2 and the first electrode of the switching transistor Sb. The other end of the second regulating inductor L2 can be used as the output terminal 22, and connected to the output terminal 12 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The other end of the second regulating inductor L2 can also be connected to one end of the first regulating capacitor Ca. The other end of the third regulating inductor L3, the second electrode of the switching transistor Sb, and the other end of the first regulating capacitor Ca are grounded.

[0487] The above examples illustrate possible implementations of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 in the conversion circuit 111. As mentioned above, using the conversion circuit 111 provided in the embodiments of this application is beneficial for improving the efficiency of the conversion circuit 111 and reducing the inductor size in the conversion circuit 111.

[0488] like Figure 43a As shown, when the input voltage of the Buck circuit is in the range of 2.7 to 4.4V and the output voltage of the Buck circuit is in the range of 1.25V to 0.45V, the efficiency of the Buck circuit is approximately 88%.

[0489] like Figure 43bAs shown, if a switched capacitor circuit is connected in series with a Buck circuit, and the input voltage of the switched capacitor circuit is in the range of 5.4V to 8.8V, and the turns ratio of the switched capacitor circuit is 2, then the efficiency of the switched capacitor circuit is approximately 98%. When the input voltage of the Buck circuit is in the range of 2.7V to 4.4V, and the output voltage is in the range of 1.25V to 0.45V, the efficiency of the Buck circuit is approximately 88%.

[0490] like Figure 43c As shown, if the conversion circuit 111 provided in the embodiment of this application is used, assuming that the first sub-circuit 1111 is... Figure 10a The structure shown has a second sub-circuit 1112 that is a Buck circuit. The input voltages Vi1 and Vi2 are 2.25V and 1.35V respectively, the first turns ratio N1 is 3, and the output voltage Vo is 0.75V. At this point, the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is approximately 97%, and the efficiency of the second sub-circuit 1112 is approximately 92%.

[0491] like Figures 43a to 43c The efficiency, height, and area of ​​the three circuit structures shown are illustrated in Table 2. Height refers to the height along the direction perpendicular to the circuit board where the circuit structure is located. Area refers to the area occupied by the circuit structure on the circuit board, mainly including the area of ​​the inductors in the circuit structure, and the area of ​​the flying capacitors excluding the input and output capacitors.

[0492] Table 2

[0493]

[0494] Among them, such as Figure 43a The circuit structure shown has an efficiency of 88%, with an inductor height of 0.8 mm. One 2012 inductor is required for every 5 A load current, occupying an area of ​​2.4 mm², and has an inductance of 110 nH. For example... Figure 43b The circuit structure shown has an efficiency of 86%, with an inductor height of 0.8 mm. For every 5 A load current, it requires one 0402 capacitor and one 1210 inductor, occupying an area of ​​1.7 mm², and has an inductance of 60 nH. For example... Figure 43c The circuit structure shown has an efficiency of 95%, with an inductor height of 0.5 mm. For every 5 A load current, it requires 3 0402 capacitors and 1 0402 inductor, occupying an area of ​​2 mm², and has an inductance of 30 nH.

[0495] As can be seen from Table 2, Figure 43c The circuit structure shown is far more efficient than other circuit structures, and its height is only 0.5mm.

[0496] In the example above, the input sides of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 in the conversion circuit 111 are connected in series, and the output sides are connected in parallel. Based on the same technical concept, the input sides of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 can also be connected in parallel, and the output sides in series.

[0497] In this case, such as Figure 44 As shown, input terminal 11 of the first sub-circuit 1111 can be used as output terminal 11, output terminal 12 of the first sub-circuit 1111 can be used as input terminal 12, and output terminal 14 of the first sub-circuit 1111 can be used as input terminal 14. Similarly, input terminal 23 of the second sub-circuit 1112 can be used as output terminal 23, output terminal 22 of the second sub-circuit 1112 can be used as input terminal 22, and output terminal 24 of the second sub-circuit 1112 can be used as input terminal 24.

[0498] That is, the input side (input terminal 12 and input terminal 14) of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the input side (input terminal 22 and input terminal 24) of the second sub-circuit 1112 are connected in parallel, and the output side (output terminal 11 and connection terminal 13) of the first sub-circuit 1111 and the output side (connection terminal 21 and output terminal 23) of the second sub-circuit 1112 are connected in series.

[0499] The input terminals 12 and 14 of the first sub-circuit 1111 can receive the input voltage Vi, and the output terminal 11 and connection terminal 13 of the first sub-circuit 1111 can output the output voltage Vo1 of the first sub-circuit 1111. The input terminals 22 and 24 of the second sub-circuit 1112 can receive the input voltage Vi of the conversion circuit 111, and the connection terminal 21 and output terminal 23 of the second sub-circuit 1112 can output the output voltage Vo2 of the second sub-circuit 1112. The voltage between output terminal 11 and output terminal 23 is the output voltage Vo of the conversion circuit 111, where Vo = Vo1 + Vo2.

[0500] It should be noted that when the input side of the conversion circuit 111 is connected in parallel and the output side is connected in series, the conversion circuit 111 is a boost circuit. In this case, the first transformation ratio N1 can be understood as the ratio between the output voltage Vo1 and the input voltage Vi, i.e., N1 = Vo1 / Vi. The second transformation ratio N2 is similarly expressed as N2 = Vo2 / Vi.

[0501] It should be noted that when the conversion circuit 111 provided in the embodiments of this application is used as a boost circuit, the first sub-circuit 1111 and the second sub-circuit 1112 can also adopt any of the above examples provided in the embodiments of this application, and will not be described in detail here.

[0502] To further improve the efficiency of the conversion circuit, in one possible implementation, when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit 1112, the first output voltage Vo1 is greater than the second output voltage Vo2; when the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is less than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit 1112, the first output voltage Vo1 is less than the second output voltage Vo2. Detailed analysis follows... Figure 4 The conversion circuit 111 shown is similar, and will not be described in detail here.

[0503] The first sub-circuit 1111 may also include a first regulating inductor, making the first turns ratio N1 of the first sub-circuit 1111 continuously adjustable. The first regulating inductor can be connected to the input terminal 12 to receive the input voltage Vi. By setting the first regulating inductor, the first sub-circuit 1111 can achieve a continuous turns ratio. When the second sub-circuit 1112 includes a second regulating inductor, the second regulating inductor can be electromagnetically coupled to the aforementioned first regulating inductor.

[0504] In this embodiment, the conversion circuit 111 may further include a first output capacitor and a second output capacitor. One end of the first output capacitor is connected to a first output terminal, and the other end is connected to a first connection terminal; one end of the second output capacitor is connected to a second connection terminal, and the other end is connected to a second output terminal. The first output capacitor can filter the first output voltage, and the second output capacitor can filter the second output voltage.

[0505] The conversion circuit 111 may also include an input capacitor, one end of which is connected to the first input terminal and the other end of which is connected to the second input terminal. The input capacitor can filter the input voltage of the conversion circuit 111.

[0506] Specifically, the controller 112 can set the first transformation ratio N1 and the second transformation ratio N2 through the following steps:

[0507] Step 1: The controller 112 determines the range of the first transformation ratio N1 based on the target transformation ratio Na and the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit 1111. The first transformation ratio N1 is less than the target transformation ratio Na and less than or equal to the maximum transformation ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111. The target transformation ratio Na° is the ratio between the target output voltage Va and the input voltage Vi, i.e., Na° = Va / Vi.

[0508] Step 2: The controller 112 sets the first transformation ratio N1 within the range of the first transformation ratio N1.

[0509] Step 3: The controller adjusts the second transformation ratio N2 according to the target output voltage Va and the set first transformation ratio N1, so that the second sub-circuit 1112 converts the input voltage Vi of the conversion circuit 111 into the adjusted second output voltage Vo2. The adjusted second output voltage Vo2 is the difference between the target output voltage Va and the adjusted first output voltage Vo1, i.e., Vo2 = Va - Vo1. The adjusted first output voltage Vo1 is the product of the set first transformation ratio N1 and the input voltage Vi, which can be expressed as Vo1 = N1. Vi.

[0510] In one possible implementation, the first sub-circuit 1111 has multiple adjustable turns ratios, and the efficiency of the first sub-circuit 1111 is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit 1112. The controller 112 can set the first turns ratio N1 to be the adjustable turns ratio among the multiple adjustable turns ratios that is less than the target turns ratio and closest to the target turns ratio.

[0511] In another possible implementation, controller 112 can calculate a reference ratio between a first voltage difference and the input voltage Vi. The first voltage difference is the voltage difference between the target output voltage Va and the reference voltage Vb. The reference voltage Vb is less than the target output voltage Va and greater than or equal to the input voltage Vi. The reference ratio can be expressed as (Va-Vb) / Vi. When the reference ratio is less than or equal to the maximum ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111, controller 112 can set the first ratio N1 as the reference ratio; when the reference ratio is greater than the maximum ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111, controller 112 can set the first ratio N1 as the maximum ratio Nmax of the first sub-circuit 1111.

[0512] For example, the reference voltage Vb can be less than or equal to the target output voltage Va divided by 2. This allows the first sub-circuit to transmit greater power in most cases, thereby improving the efficiency of the conversion circuit.

[0513] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, which may be a smartphone, tablet computer, smart wearable device, etc. The electronic device mainly includes a battery, a load, and a switching power supply as provided in any of the above embodiments. The switching power supply is connected to both the battery and the load. The switching power supply can receive the battery voltage provided by the battery, convert the battery voltage into the operating voltage of the load, and then output it to the load.

[0514] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A conversion circuit, characterized in that, The circuit includes a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit includes a first connection terminal, a first input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal. The second sub-circuit includes a second connection terminal, a second input terminal, a third output terminal, and a fourth output terminal. The first connection terminal of the first sub-circuit is connected to the second connection terminal of the second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit is used to convert the first input voltage received through the first input terminal and the first connection terminal into the output voltage of the conversion circuit, and to output the output voltage of the conversion circuit through the first output terminal and the second output terminal; The second sub-circuit is used to convert the second input voltage received through the second input terminal and the second connection terminal into the output voltage of the conversion circuit, and output the output voltage of the conversion circuit through the third output terminal and the fourth output terminal. The total input voltage of the conversion circuit includes the first input voltage and the second input voltage. The first sub-circuit and the second sub-circuit are also respectively used to connect to the controller. When the output voltage of the conversion circuit is not equal to the target output voltage, the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit are controlled by the controller to adjust according to the total input voltage of the conversion circuit and the target output voltage, so that the output voltage of the conversion circuit reaches the target output voltage.

2. The conversion circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit, the first input voltage is greater than the second input voltage, wherein the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is the ratio of the output power of the first sub-circuit to the input power of the first sub-circuit, and the efficiency of the second sub-circuit is the ratio of the output power of the second sub-circuit to the input power of the second sub-circuit. When the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is less than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit, the first input voltage is less than the second input voltage.

3. The conversion circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sub-circuit includes n+1 input switches, n isolation capacitors, and n output combinations. Each output combination includes two output switches, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The n+1 input switches are connected in series. The first electrode of the first input switch is connected to the first input terminal. The second electrode of the ith input switch is connected to the first electrode of the (i+1)th input switch through a first series node. The first electrode of the ith input switch is connected to the second electrode of the (i-1)th input switch through another first series node. i is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to n. The second electrode of the (n+1)th input switch is connected to the second connection terminal as the first connection terminal. The n output combinations are connected in parallel. In each output combination, the first electrode of one output switch is connected to the first output terminal, the second electrode of one output switch is connected to the first electrode of another output switch through a second series node, and the second electrode of the other output switch is connected to the second output terminal. The n first series nodes between the n+1 input switches, the n isolation capacitors, and the n second series nodes in the n output combinations are connected one-to-one. One end of each isolation capacitor is connected to the first series node corresponding to each isolation capacitor, and the other end of each isolation capacitor is connected to the second series node corresponding to each isolation capacitor.

4. The conversion circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first subcircuit also includes n resonant inductors, each of which is connected in series with one of the n isolation capacitors. Each resonant inductor and the corresponding isolation capacitor are connected in series between the first series node and the second series node corresponding to each resonant inductor.

5. The conversion circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first subcircuit includes an isolation unit and a conversion unit. The high potential input terminal of the conversion unit is connected to the high potential output terminal of the isolation unit. The low potential input terminal of the conversion unit and the low potential output terminal of the isolation unit are grounded. The high potential input terminal of the isolation unit is connected to the first input terminal. The low potential input terminal of the isolation unit serves as the first connection terminal and is connected to the second connection terminal. The isolation unit is used to receive the first input voltage and provide the first input voltage to the conversion unit; The conversion unit is used to convert the first input voltage into the output voltage of the conversion circuit.

6. The conversion circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The isolation unit includes a first isolation switch, a second isolation switch, a third isolation switch, a fourth isolation switch, and an isolation capacitor; The first electrode of the first isolating switch is connected to the first input terminal, and the second electrode of the first isolating switch is connected to the first electrode of the second isolating switch and one end of the isolation capacitor, respectively. The second electrode of the second isolating switch is connected to the high potential input terminal of the conversion unit; The other end of the isolation capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the third isolation switch and the first electrode of the fourth isolation switch, respectively. The first electrode of the third disconnecting switch is connected to the second connection terminal as the first connection terminal. The second electrode of the fourth isolating switch is grounded.

7. The conversion circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conversion unit includes K conversion capacitors, K first conversion switches, K-1 second conversion switches, and K-1 third conversion switches, where K is an integer greater than 1; The first to the (K-1)th switching capacitors and the K first switching transistors are connected alternately in sequence. The first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the high potential output terminal of the isolation unit. One end of the j-th switching capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the j-th first switching transistor, and the other end of the j-th switching capacitor is connected to the first electrode of the (j+1)-th first switching transistor. j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than K. The first to the (K-1)th switching capacitors are also connected to the (K-1)th second switching transistors and the (K-1)th third switching transistors respectively. One end of the j-th switching capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the second switching transistor corresponding to the j-th switching capacitor, and the other end of the j-th switching capacitor is connected to the first electrode of the third switching transistor corresponding to the j-th switching capacitor. The first electrode of each of the K-1 second switching transistors is connected to the first output terminal, and the second electrode of each of the K-1 third switching transistors is grounded.

8. The conversion circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conversion unit includes K first conversion capacitors, K second conversion capacitors, K first conversion switches, K second conversion switches, K third conversion switches, and K fourth conversion switches, where K is an integer greater than 1; One end of each of the K first switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K first switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K second switching transistors, respectively; the other end of each of the K first switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K fourth switching transistors, respectively. One end of each of the K second switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K second switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K third switching transistors, and the other end of each of the K second switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K fourth switching transistors. The second electrodes of the first to K-1 fourth switching transistors are connected one-to-one with the first electrodes of the second to Kth first switching transistors, the second electrode of the Kth fourth switching transistor is grounded, and the first electrode of the first first switching transistor is connected to the high potential output terminal of the isolation unit.

9. The conversion circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conversion unit includes K first conversion capacitors, K second conversion capacitors, K first conversion switches, K second conversion switches, K third conversion switches, and K fourth conversion switches, where K is an integer greater than 1; One end of each of the K first switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K first switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K second switching transistors, respectively; the other end of each of the K first switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K fourth switching transistors, respectively. One end of each of the K second switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K second switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K third switching transistors, and the other end of each of the K second switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K fourth switching transistors. The second electrodes of the K fourth switching transistors are grounded, the second electrodes of the 1st to K-1st second switching transistors are connected one-to-one with the first electrodes of the 2nd to Kth first switching transistors, the second electrode of the Kth second switching transistor is connected to the first output terminal, and the first electrode of the 1st first switching transistor is connected to the high potential output terminal of the isolation unit.

10. The conversion circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conversion unit includes K first conversion capacitors, a first conversion switch transistor, K second conversion switch transistors, K third conversion switch transistors, K fourth conversion switch transistors, and a second conversion capacitor, where K is an integer greater than 1; One end of each of the K first switching capacitors is connected to the first electrode of each of the K second switching transistors, and the other end of each of the K first switching capacitors is connected to the second electrode of each of the K third switching transistors and the first electrode of each of the K fourth switching transistors. The second electrodes of the K fourth switching transistors are connected sequentially, and the first electrode of the first second switching transistor is connected to the second electrode of the first switching transistor, the second electrode of the Kth second switching transistor is connected to the first output terminal, and the first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the high potential output terminal of the isolation unit. One end of the second conversion capacitor is connected to the first output terminal, and the other end of the second conversion capacitor is grounded.

11. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The first sub-circuit further includes a first regulating inductor, which is connected to the first output terminal and is used to output the output voltage of the conversion circuit obtained by the first sub-circuit conversion.

12. The conversion circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second sub-circuit includes a second regulating inductor, which is electromagnetically coupled to the first regulating inductor.

13. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, and a second regulating inductor; The first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the first connection terminal as the second connection terminal. The second electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor and the first electrode of the second switching transistor, respectively. The second electrode of the second switching transistor is grounded, and the other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to the third output terminal.

14. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a second regulating inductor, and a regulating capacitor; One end of the second regulating inductor is connected to the first connection terminal as the second connection terminal, and the other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to the first electrode of the first switching transistor and the first electrode of the second switching transistor, respectively. The second electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to one end of the regulating capacitor and the third output terminal, respectively. The second electrode of the second switching transistor and the other end of the regulating capacitor are grounded.

15. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a third switching transistor, a fourth switching transistor, and a second regulating inductor, wherein: The first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the first connection terminal as the second connection terminal, and the second electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the first electrode of the second switching transistor and one end of the second regulating inductor, respectively. The other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to the second electrode of the third switching transistor and the first electrode of the fourth switching transistor, respectively. The first electrode of the third switch is connected to the third output terminal; The second electrode of the second switch and the second electrode of the fourth switch are grounded.

16. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first regulating capacitor, a second regulating capacitor, a second regulating inductor, and a third regulating inductor, wherein: One end of the third regulating inductor is connected to the first connection end as the second connection end, and the other end of the third regulating inductor is connected to the first electrode of the first switching transistor and one end of the second regulating capacitor, respectively. The other end of the second regulating capacitor is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor and the first electrode of the second switching transistor, respectively. The other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to one end of the first regulating capacitor and the third output terminal, respectively; The second electrode of the first switching transistor, the second electrode of the second switching transistor, and the other end of the first regulating capacitor are grounded.

17. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first regulating capacitor, a second regulating capacitor, a second regulating inductor, and a third regulating inductor, wherein: One end of the third regulating inductor is connected to the first connection end as the second connection end, and the other end of the third regulating inductor is connected to one end of the second regulating capacitor and the first electrode of the first switching transistor, respectively. The other end of the second regulating capacitor is connected to the first electrode of the second switching transistor and one end of the second regulating inductor, respectively; The second electrode of the second switching transistor is connected to one end of the first regulating capacitor and the third output terminal, respectively. The second electrode of the first switching transistor, the other end of the second regulating inductor, and the other end of the first regulating capacitor are grounded.

18. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The second sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first regulating capacitor, a second regulating capacitor, a second regulating inductor, and a third regulating inductor, wherein: The first electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to the first connection terminal as the second connection terminal, and the second electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to one end of the second regulating capacitor and one end of the third regulating inductor, respectively. The other end of the second regulating capacitor is connected to one end of the second regulating inductor and the first electrode of the second switching transistor, respectively. The other end of the second regulating inductor is connected to one end of the first regulating capacitor and the third output terminal, respectively; The other end of the third regulating inductor, the second electrode of the second switching transistor, and the second end of the first regulating capacitor are connected.

19. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The conversion circuit also includes a first input capacitor and a second input capacitor; One end of the first input capacitor is connected to the first input terminal, and the other end of the first input capacitor is connected to the first connection terminal. One end of the second input capacitor is connected to the second connection terminal, and the other end of the second input capacitor is connected to the second input terminal.

20. The conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The conversion circuit further includes an output capacitor, one end of which is connected to the first output terminal and the other end of which is connected to the second output terminal.

21. A switching power supply, characterized in that, Includes conversion circuitry and controllers; The conversion circuit includes a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit includes a first connection terminal, a first input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal. The second sub-circuit includes a second connection terminal, a second input terminal, a third output terminal, and a fourth output terminal. The first connection terminal of the first sub-circuit is connected to the second connection terminal of the second sub-circuit. The controller is connected to the first sub-circuit and the second sub-circuit respectively, and the controller is used for: The first sub-circuit is controlled to convert the first input voltage received through the first input terminal and the first connection terminal into the output voltage of the conversion circuit, and output the output voltage of the conversion circuit through the first output terminal and the second output terminal; The second sub-circuit controls the second input voltage received through the second input terminal and the second connection terminal to convert it into the output voltage of the conversion circuit, and outputs the output voltage of the conversion circuit through the third output terminal and the fourth output terminal. The total input voltage of the conversion circuit includes the first input voltage and the second input voltage. The controller is further configured to: when the output voltage of the conversion circuit is not equal to the target output voltage, adjust the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit according to the total input voltage of the conversion circuit and the target output voltage, so that the output voltage of the conversion circuit reaches the target output voltage.

22. The switching power supply according to claim 21, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: When the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit, the first input voltage is controlled to be greater than the second input voltage. When the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is less than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit, the first input voltage is controlled to be less than the second input voltage.

23. The switching power supply according to claim 21, characterized in that, The controller is specifically used for: The range of values ​​for the first transformation ratio is determined based on the target transformation ratio and the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit. The first transformation ratio is less than the target transformation ratio and less than or equal to the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit. The target transformation ratio is the ratio between the total input voltage and the target output voltage. Set the first ratio within the range of values ​​for the first ratio; The second transformation ratio is adjusted according to the total input voltage and the set first transformation ratio, so that the second sub-circuit converts the adjusted second input voltage into the target output voltage. The adjusted second input voltage is the difference between the total input voltage and the adjusted first input voltage, and the adjusted first input voltage is the product between the set first transformation ratio and the target output voltage.

24. The switching power supply according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first sub-circuit has multiple adjustable transformation ratios, and the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than that of the second sub-circuit. The controller is specifically used for: The first ratio is set to the adjustable ratio among the plurality of adjustable ratios that is smaller than the target ratio and closest to the target ratio.

25. The switching power supply according to claim 23, characterized in that, The controller is specifically used for: Calculate the reference turns ratio between the first voltage difference and the target output voltage. The first voltage difference is the voltage difference between the total input voltage and the reference voltage. The reference voltage is less than the total input voltage and greater than or equal to the target output voltage. When the reference ratio is less than or equal to the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit, the first ratio is set as the reference ratio; When the reference ratio is greater than the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit, the first ratio is set to the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit.

26. The switching power supply according to claim 25, characterized in that, The reference voltage is less than or equal to the total input voltage divided by 2.

27. A conversion circuit, characterized in that, The circuit includes a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit includes a first connection terminal, a first output terminal, a first input terminal, and a second input terminal. The second sub-circuit includes a second connection terminal, a second output terminal, a third input terminal, and a fourth input terminal. The first connection terminal of the first sub-circuit is connected to the second connection terminal of the second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit is used to convert the input voltage of the conversion circuit received through the first input terminal and the second input terminal into a first output voltage, and output the first output voltage through the first output terminal and the first connection terminal; The second sub-circuit is used to convert the input voltage of the conversion circuit received through the third input terminal and the fourth input terminal into a second output voltage, and output the second output voltage through the second output terminal and the second connection terminal. The total output voltage of the conversion circuit includes the first output voltage and the second output voltage. When the output voltage of the conversion circuit is not equal to the target output voltage, the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit are adjusted according to the total input voltage of the conversion circuit and the target output voltage, respectively, so that the output voltage of the conversion circuit reaches the target output voltage.

28. The conversion circuit according to claim 27, characterized in that, When the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit, the first output voltage is greater than the second output voltage; When the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is less than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit, the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage.

29. The conversion circuit according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that, The first sub-circuit also includes a first regulating inductor, which is connected to the first input terminal and is used to receive the input voltage.

30. The conversion circuit according to claim 29, characterized in that, The second sub-circuit includes a second regulating inductor, which is electromagnetically coupled to the first regulating inductor.

31. The conversion circuit according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that, The conversion circuit also includes a first output capacitor and a second output capacitor. One end of the first output capacitor is connected to the first output terminal, and the other end of the first output capacitor is connected to the first connection terminal. One end of the second output capacitor is connected to the second connection terminal, and the other end of the second output capacitor is connected to the second output terminal.

32. The conversion circuit according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that, The conversion circuit further includes an input capacitor, one end of which is connected to the first input terminal and the other end of which is connected to the second input terminal.

33. A switching power supply, characterized in that, Includes conversion circuitry and controllers; The conversion circuit includes a first sub-circuit and a second sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit includes a first connection terminal, a first output terminal, a first input terminal, and a second input terminal. The second sub-circuit includes a second connection terminal, a second output terminal, a third input terminal, and a fourth input terminal. The first connection terminal of the first sub-circuit is connected to the second connection terminal of the second sub-circuit. The controller is used for: The first sub-circuit controls the input voltage of the conversion circuit received through the first input terminal and the second input terminal to be converted into a first output voltage, and outputs the first output voltage through the first output terminal and the first connection terminal; The second sub-circuit controls the input voltage of the conversion circuit received through the third input terminal and the fourth input terminal to convert it into a second output voltage, and outputs the second output voltage through the second output terminal and the second connection terminal. The total output voltage of the conversion circuit includes the first output voltage and the second output voltage. The controller is further configured to: when the output voltage of the conversion circuit is not equal to the target output voltage, adjust the first transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit and the second transformation ratio of the second sub-circuit according to the total input voltage of the conversion circuit and the target output voltage, so that the output voltage of the conversion circuit reaches the target output voltage.

34. The switching power supply according to claim 33, characterized in that, The controller is also used for: When the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than the efficiency of the second sub-circuit, the first output voltage is controlled to be greater than the second output voltage; When the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is less than that of the second sub-circuit, the first output voltage is controlled to be less than the second output voltage.

35. The switching power supply according to claim 33, characterized in that, The controller is specifically used for: The range of values ​​for the first transformation ratio is determined based on the target transformation ratio and the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit. The first transformation ratio is less than the target transformation ratio and less than or equal to the maximum transformation ratio of the first sub-circuit. The target transformation ratio is the ratio between the target output voltage and the input voltage. Set the first ratio within the range of values ​​for the first ratio; The second transformation ratio is adjusted according to the target output voltage and the set first transformation ratio, so that the second sub-circuit converts the input voltage of the conversion circuit into the adjusted second output voltage, wherein the adjusted second output voltage is the difference between the target output voltage and the adjusted first output voltage, and the adjusted first output voltage is the product between the set first transformation ratio and the input voltage.

36. The switching power supply according to claim 35, characterized in that, The first sub-circuit has multiple adjustable transformation ratios, and the efficiency of the first sub-circuit is greater than that of the second sub-circuit. The controller is specifically used for: The first ratio is set to the adjustable ratio among the plurality of adjustable ratios that is smaller than the target ratio and closest to the target ratio.

37. The switching power supply according to claim 36, characterized in that, The controller is specifically used for: Calculate the reference ratio between the first voltage difference and the input voltage, wherein the first voltage difference is the voltage difference between the target output voltage and the reference voltage, and the reference voltage is less than the target output voltage and greater than or equal to the input voltage; When the reference ratio is less than or equal to the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit, the first ratio is set as the reference ratio; When the reference ratio is greater than the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit, the first ratio is set to the maximum ratio of the first sub-circuit.

38. The switching power supply according to claim 37, characterized in that, The reference voltage is less than or equal to the target output voltage divided by 2.

39. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a battery, a load, and a switching power supply as claimed in any one of claims 21 to 26 or any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein the switching power supply is connected to the battery and the load, respectively. The switching power supply is used to: receive the battery voltage provided by the battery, convert the battery voltage into the operating voltage of the load, and output it to the load.

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