Aortic arch brachiocephalic artery vascular stent

Abstract

An aortic arch brachial artery vascular stent belongs to medical consumables and is a covered stent, including a main stent and two branch stents. One end of the two branch stents is embedded in the front end of the main stent. The front end of the main stent is provided as a connector connected to the branch stent. One end of the connector is an integrated structure with the main stent, and the other end is closed and provided with a skirt extending outward. Two through holes arranged in parallel are provided in the skirt. One end of the branch stent is a connecting end, which passes through the through hole of the skirt and goes deep into the connecting end of the main stent. A limiting structure is provided at the connecting end of the branch stent. The present invention is novel in concept and ingenious in design. When applied to the innominate artery of the aortic arch, it can effectively reduce the difficulty of surgical placement of the covered stent, shorten the operation time, and improve the success rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical consumables, in particular to a vascular stent, specifically a covered stent for aortic arch branch vessels. Background Art

[0002] The aorta is the main trunk of the systemic circulation artery. It originates from the left ventricle, passes through the right side of the pulmonary artery, and goes to the right front and upper side. When it reaches the height of the second costovertebral joint on the right side, it turns to the left and rear in an arch shape, reaches the left side of the lower edge of the fourth thoracic vertebra, and then turns downward. The aortic arch is the arched part of the ascending aorta. The aortic arch gives off three larger arteries on the convex side of the arch. From right to left, they are the brachiocephalic trunk (innominate artery), the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. After ascending, the innominate artery branches into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery. Among them, the left common carotid artery and the right common carotid artery ascend through the neck to supply blood to the human head, and the left subclavian artery and the right subclavian artery pass through the human clavicle to supply blood to the left and right upper limbs.

[0003] Aortic intimal tear and dissection, commonly referred to as aortic dissection, is a common aortic disease. It occurs when, due to various causes, increased pressure or structural changes in the aortic wall lead to a tear in the intima, creating a rupture. Blood then enters the aortic media through the tear, separating the intima from the media and / or adventitia, forming a false lumen. Blood in the aortic lumen then flows through the rupture into the false lumen, causing a hematoma in the aortic wall, as if the intima has been separated from the aortic wall. After aortic dissection, the hematoma can rupture and bleed into the pericardium, causing acute cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening condition. If the hematoma does not rupture, it can compress nearby vessels, leading to coronary artery compression and myocardial infarction. Compression of other vessels can cause end-organ ischemia, subsequently leading to various ischemic diseases and even organ failure. This disease presents with an acute onset, severe disease, a high mortality rate, and a short window for emergency treatment. The aortic arch, with its steep blood flow angle and the strongest pressure from the left ventricle, is the most vulnerable part of the aorta to dissection. In addition, among congenital heart diseases, aortic arch interruption is also a common disease at the aortic arch.

[0004] Currently, the most effective treatment for this type of disease is surgery, specifically thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), which involves various procedures for aortic replacement or placement of a covered stent. The latter, in particular, offers minimal trauma, rapid recovery, and a low mortality rate, further reducing the incidence of perioperative complications, making it the standard treatment for complex aortic dissection. A covered stent is a metal stent coated with a special membrane material, retaining the functionality of the metal stent while also possessing the insulating properties of the membrane material. The metal stent is typically a self-expanding nickel-titanium alloy stent, and the membrane material is typically a polyester film, connected to the metal stent by polyester sutures. The metal stent is also labeled with visible markers.

[0005] However, due to the large number of branches in the aortic arch and the large number of locations where lesions occur, even if medical consumables companies produce covered stents of various specifications and shapes, they are still difficult to meet the needs due to the surgical procedures of interventional surgery. For example, the existing covered stents used for vascular branches are integrated herringbone stents, which are more complicated to operate and expand and prone to problems. At the same time, the placement angle must be adjusted before the stent is expanded, which brings great difficulties to the placement of the stent. The surgeon can only complete the placement process through multiple attempts. Even with the latest covered stents, which have marking points at both the proximal and distal ends, there are still problems with high surgical difficulty, long operation time, and high requirements for surgeon experience, making it difficult to apply to the innominate artery of the aortic arch. There are also covered stents with split structures, but the right subclavian artery, a branch of the innominate artery, has a new branch vessel only 4-5 cm away. This makes it difficult to ensure that the covered stent length in the branch vessel is effectively attached to the inner wall of the vessel. Once the covered stent is detached, it will also bring new problems, directly endangering the patient's life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes an aortic arch brachiocephalic artery vascular stent, which is a covered stent for placement in the aortic arch innominate artery and its branch vessels, and can effectively reduce the difficulty of surgery and improve the success rate.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical means:

[0008] An aortic arch brachial artery vascular stent is a coated stent, comprising a main stent and two branch stents, one end of the two branch stents being embedded in the front end of the main stent. In the present invention, the front end of the main stent is provided as a connector connected to the branch stents, one end of the connector is an integral structure with the main stent, and the other end is closed and provided with a protective skirt extending outward, with two through holes arranged in parallel in the protective skirt, one end of the branch stent is a connecting end, which passes through the through hole of the protective skirt and extends into the connecting part of the main stent, and a limiting structure is provided at the connecting end of the branch stent.

[0009] In the present invention, the skirt extends outward from the connecting piece and is arranged around two through holes respectively. The length of the skirt near the edge of the main bracket is smaller than that near the center of the main bracket. The two skirts arranged around the two through holes are close to each other to form a cone shape. The skirt is made of membrane material.

[0010] In the present invention, a positioning ring is provided in the protective skirt and extends from the through hole into the connecting piece.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting structure of the connecting end of the branch stent is a flange that meanders outward, and the flange cooperates with the positioning ring. The positioning ring is a self-expanding metal stent structure, and the flange meanders from the inside of the positioning ring to the outside of the positioning ring.

[0012] In the present invention, the limiting structure of the connecting end of the branch bracket is a thickened section, the outer diameter of the thickened section is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole in the skirt, and the connecting end of the branch bracket is embedded in the skirt.

[0013] In the present invention, the limiting structure of the connecting end of the branch bracket is a necking structure, which is close to the end of the connecting end of the branch bracket. The outer diameter of the end of the connecting end of the branch bracket is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole in the protective skirt, and the outer diameter of the necking structure is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole in the protective skirt. The necking structure of the branch bracket is embedded in the through hole of the protective skirt.

[0014] Furthermore, the necking structure is made of a membrane material, and a number of metal connecting wires are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the necking. The metal connecting wires are arranged along the radial direction of the branch bracket and are naturally bent according to the shape of the necking structure.

[0015] In the present invention, the end of the main stent is configured as a corolla structure of a metal stent protruding outward. The corolla structure is a metal stent at the end of the main stent slightly bent outward into a trumpet shape. The outer side surface of the main stent near the end is provided with a barb, which cooperates with the corolla structure to fix the main stent to the inner wall of the blood vessel.

[0016] In the present invention, the outer wall of the main stent is provided with a reflux membrane to prevent blood from flowing back from the gap between the coated stent and the inner wall of the blood vessel. The reflux membrane is a trumpet-mouth structure mounted on the outer wall of the main stent, and its opening direction is consistent with the blood flow direction, that is, toward the front end of the main stent.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] (1) The present invention is based on a stent graft with separate main and branch stents, which facilitates their placement during interventional surgery, effectively reduces operational difficulty, shortens surgical time, and improves the success rate of stent graft placement;

[0019] (2) The present invention effectively protects the connection between the branch stent and the main stent by means of a protective skirt, so that when the branch stent at the connection enters the bend of the branch blood vessel, the branch stent end can be effectively connected to the main stent, while preventing blood from flowing into the gap between the coated stent and the inner wall of the blood vessel through the gap at the connection;

[0020] (3) The interlocking structure of the flange and the positioning ring between the main stent and the branch stent of the present invention can maximize the stable connection between the main stent and the branch stent. Under the flushing of blood flow, the connection of the branch stent is more stable.

[0021] (4) The thickened section embedded structure between the main stent and the branch stent of the present invention is simple to place and not prone to errors, but the branch stent placement effect is good and can ensure its stable connection with the main stent when opened;

[0022] (5) The necking structure between the main bracket and the branch bracket of the present invention is embedded in the structure, and the placement operation is also simple and not prone to errors. At the same time, since the structures on both sides of the necking of the branch bracket are uniform, it is easier and less prone to errors when opening;

[0023] (6) The corolla and barbs on the main stent of the present invention cooperate to effectively ensure that the main stent is attached to the inner wall of the blood vessel and will not move even when subjected to the impact of aortic blood flow;

[0024] (7) The reflux membrane provided on the outer wall of the main stent of the present invention can effectively prevent blood vessels from refluxing from the gap between the coated stent and the inner wall of the blood vessel.

[0025] Therefore, the present invention has a novel concept and an ingenious design. When applied to the innominate artery of the aortic arch, it can effectively reduce the surgical difficulty of stent graft placement, shorten the operation time, and improve the success rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the placement position and placement status of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a connecting piece of the main support of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the main support and the branch support of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of another connection structure between the main support and the branch support of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another connection structure between the main support and the branch support of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: main bracket 1, branch bracket 2, connector 3, skirt 4, positioning ring 5, flange 6, thickening section 7, necking structure 8, barb 9, corolla 10, reflux membrane 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] An aortic arch brachiocephalic artery vascular stent, such as Figure 1 As shown, it is placed in the brachiocephalic trunk of the aortic arch and its branch vessels. It is a covered stent. Figure 2 It includes a main bracket 1 and two branch brackets 2, one end of the two branch brackets 2 is embedded in the front end of the main bracket 1, the end of the main bracket 1 is set as a corolla 10 protruding outward from the metal bracket, and the corolla 10 is the metal bracket at the end of the main bracket 1 slightly bent outward to form a trumpet shape. The outer side surface of the main bracket 1 near the end is provided with a barb 9, and the outer wall of the main bracket 1 is provided with a reflux membrane 11. The reflux membrane 1 is a trumpet structure mounted on the outer wall of the main bracket 1, and its opening direction is toward the front end of the main bracket 1.

[0037] The front end of the main bracket 1 is provided with a connector 3 connected to the branch bracket 2. One end of the connector 3 is an integral structure with the main bracket 1, and the other end is closed and provided with an outwardly extending skirt 4. The skirt 4 has two through holes arranged in parallel. Figure 3 As shown, one end of the branch bracket 2 is the connecting end, which passes through the through hole of the skirt 4 and extends into the connecting piece 3 of the main bracket 1. A limiting structure is provided at the end of the connecting end of the branch bracket 2; the skirt 4 extends outward from the connecting piece 3 and is respectively arranged around two through holes, and the length of the skirt 4 near the edge of the main bracket 1 is smaller than that near the center of the main bracket 1, and the two skirts 4 arranged around the two through holes are close to each other to form a cone.

[0038] exist Figure 4 and5 In the figure, a positioning ring 5 is provided in the skirt 4, which extends from the through hole to the connector 3. The limiting structure of the connecting end of the branch bracket 2 is a flange 6 that meanders outward. The flange 6 cooperates with the positioning ring 5, and the flange 6 is embedded in the outside of the positioning ring 5 from the inside of the positioning ring 5.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A stent for the aortic arch brachiocephalic artery is a covered stent, comprising a main stent 1 and two branch stents 2. One end of the two branch stents 2 is embedded in the front end of the main stent 1. The end of the main stent 1 is arranged as a corolla 10 protruding outward from the metal stent. The corolla 10 is a metal stent at the end of the main stent 1 that is slightly bent outward into a trumpet shape. A barb 9 is provided on the outer side surface of the main stent 1 near the end. A reflux membrane 11 is provided on the outer wall of the main stent 1. The reflux membrane 1 is a trumpet structure sleeved on the outer wall of the main stent 1, with its opening direction facing the front end of the main stent 1.

[0041] The front end of the main bracket 1 is set as a connecting piece 3 connected to the branch bracket 2. One end of the connecting piece 3 is an integrated structure with the main bracket 1, and the other end is closed and provided with a skirt 4 extending outward. Two through holes arranged in parallel are opened in the skirt 4. One end of the branch bracket 2 is the connecting end, which passes through the through hole of the skirt 4 and penetrates into the connecting piece 3 of the main bracket 1. A limiting structure is provided at the end of the connecting end of the branch bracket 2; the skirt 4 extends outward from the connecting piece 3 and is respectively arranged around the two through holes, and the length of the skirt 4 near the edge of the main bracket 1 is smaller than that near the center of the main bracket 1. The two skirts 4 arranged around the two through holes are close to each other to form a cone.

[0042] Different from Example 1, Figure 6 As shown, the limiting structure of the connecting end of the branch bracket 2 is a thickened section 7 , the outer diameter of the thickened section 7 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole in the skirt 4 , and the connecting end of the branch bracket 2 is embedded in the skirt 4 .

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A stent for the aortic arch brachiocephalic artery is a covered stent, comprising a main stent 1 and two branch stents 2. One end of the two branch stents 2 is embedded in the front end of the main stent 1. The end of the main stent 1 is arranged as a corolla 10 protruding outward from the metal stent. The corolla 10 is a metal stent at the end of the main stent 1 that is slightly bent outward into a trumpet shape. A barb 9 is provided on the outer side surface of the main stent 1 near the end. A reflux membrane 11 is provided on the outer wall of the main stent 1. The reflux membrane 1 is a trumpet structure sleeved on the outer wall of the main stent 1, with its opening direction facing the front end of the main stent 1.

[0045] The front end of the main bracket 1 is set as a connecting piece 3 connected to the branch bracket 2. One end of the connecting piece 3 is an integrated structure with the main bracket 1, and the other end is closed and provided with a skirt 4 extending outward. Two through holes arranged in parallel are opened in the skirt 4. One end of the branch bracket 2 is the connecting end, which passes through the through hole of the skirt 4 and penetrates into the connecting piece 3 of the main bracket 1. A limiting structure is provided at the end of the connecting end of the branch bracket 2; the skirt 4 extends outward from the connecting piece 3 and is respectively arranged around the two through holes, and the length of the skirt 4 near the edge of the main bracket 1 is smaller than that near the center of the main bracket 1. The two skirts 4 arranged around the two through holes are close to each other to form a cone.

[0046] Different from Example 1, Figure 7 As shown, the limiting structure of the connecting end of the branch bracket 2 is a necking structure 8, which is close to the end of the connecting end of the branch bracket 2. The outer diameter of the end of the connecting end of the branch bracket 2 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole in the protective skirt 4. The outer diameter of the necking structure 8 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole in the protective skirt 4. The necking structure 8 is embedded in the through hole of the protective skirt 4. The necking structure 8 is made of a membrane material. There are several metal connecting wires evenly distributed circumferentially in the necking. The metal connecting wires are arranged along the radial direction of the branch bracket 2 and are naturally bent according to the shape of the necking structure 8.

[0047] When the present invention is applied to TEVAR, when a covered stent needs to be placed in the innominate artery of the aortic arch, taking Example 1 as an example, the main stent 1 is first delivered to the designated position of the innominate artery using a pigtail catheter according to the guide wire. After the deployment is completed, a branch stent 2 is selected and delivered using a pigtail catheter so that one end of the branch stent 2 is located inside the front end of the main stent 1. The branch stent 2 is opened and pushed so that the end of the branch stent 2 is embedded in the main stent 1 to complete the placement of the branch stent 2. Then, another branch stent 2 is placed and the catheter is pulled out. This completes the interventional surgery for placing the covered stent. After the covered stent is placed, Figure 1 shown.

[0048] In summary, combined with the above-mentioned construction and arrangement process, it can be found that the aortic arch brachiocephalic artery vascular stent described in the present invention is novel in conception and ingenious in design. When applied to the innominate artery of the aortic arch, it can effectively reduce the surgical difficulty of stent graft placement, shorten the operation time, and improve the success rate.

Claims

1. An aortic arch brachiocephalic artery stent, a covered stent, comprising a main stent and two branch stents, one end of each branch stent being embedded in the front end of the main stent, characterized in that: The front end of the main bracket is set as a connecting piece connected to the branch bracket, one end of the connecting piece is an integral structure with the main bracket, and the other end is closed and provided with a protective skirt extending outward, and two through holes arranged in parallel are opened in the protective skirt. One end of the branch bracket is the connecting end, which passes through the through hole of the protective skirt and extends into the connecting piece of the main bracket, and a limiting structure is provided at the connecting end of the branch bracket; a positioning ring extending from the through hole to the connecting piece is provided in the protective skirt, and the limiting structure of the connecting end of the branch bracket is a flange that detours to the outside, and the flange cooperates with the positioning ring. The positioning ring is a self-expanding metal bracket structure, and the flange detours from the inside of the positioning ring to the outside of the positioning ring; or, the limiting structure of the connecting end of the branch bracket is a thickened section, the outer diameter of the thickened section is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole in the protective skirt, and the connecting end of the branch bracket is embedded in the protective skirt.

2. The aortic arch brachiocephalic artery stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skirt extends outward from the connector and is arranged around two through holes respectively. The length of the skirt near the edge of the main bracket is smaller than that near the center of the main bracket. The two skirts arranged around the two through holes are close to each other to form a cone. The skirt is made of membrane material.

3. The aortic arch brachiocephalic artery stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the main bracket is set as a corolla structure of a metal bracket protruding outward. The corolla structure is the metal bracket at the end of the main bracket slightly bent outward to form a trumpet shape, and a barb is set on the outer side surface of the main bracket near the end.

4. The aortic arch brachiocephalic artery stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the main stent is provided with a reflux membrane to prevent blood from flowing back from the gap between the coated stent and the inner wall of the blood vessel. The reflux membrane is a trumpet-shaped structure sleeved on the outer wall of the main stent, and its opening direction is consistent with the blood flow direction.

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