An electronic switch

Abstract

The application discloses an electronic switch, which comprises a bottom plate encapsulated in a shell, a control plate, a switch plate and a wiring plate arranged in sequence on the bottom plate, the control plate comprises a control power supply circuit, a PWM wave generating circuit and a control driving signal conditioning circuit, and the switch plate comprises a switch group and an absorption circuit. The switch module realizes basic functions as follows: when a control signal is lower than a rated voltage, a switch main loop is disconnected; and after a given rated control signal is given, the switch main loop is closed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of switch control, and particularly relates to an electronic switch. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium batteries are widely used in deep-sea vehicles as a kind of battery with simple maintenance and high energy density. In order to improve the energy density, a direct pressure bearing structure is often used in deep-sea battery systems. As an important component of the battery management system, the switch also needs to be directly pressure bearing, and the volume of the switch is also strictly limited.

[0003] At present, the electronic switch for deep-sea batteries has a large pressure drop, which will bring high energy loss to the battery system with large current and also bring great challenge to heat dissipation. Meanwhile, the control loop and the main loop of the electronic switch are not isolated, the driving circuit is complex, and the reliability of the system is low.

[0004] In order to meet the requirements of the switch of the deep-sea battery system, an electronic switch with a simple driving circuit, low pressure drop, small volume, isolated control loop and main loop, and pressure bearing is needed. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide an electronic switch which can be used in full-depth pressure environment and is suitable for DC 24V system.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the application to solve the technical problem is: an electronic switch, comprising a bottom plate encapsulated in a shell and a control plate, a switch plate and a wiring plate arranged on the bottom plate in sequence; the control plate is connected with the switch plate, and the control plate and the switch plate are respectively connected with the wiring plate; the bottom plate is respectively provided with a control interface and an input and output interface;

[0007] The control board comprises a control power supply circuit, a PWM wave generating circuit and a control driving signal conditioning circuit; wherein the control power supply circuit converts the control signal in the rated voltage range into the power supply of the control circuit through an LDO linear voltage stabilizing circuit, and comprises a series connection of a resistor RE1, a diode DP0 and a three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1, and a control interface socket PS1; the first pin of the resistor RE1 is connected to the positive K+ of the switch control signal; the second pin of the resistor RE1 is connected to the A pin of the diode DP0; the K pin of the diode DP0 and the Vin pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1 are connected to the first pin of a capacitor CE1; the second pin of the capacitor CE1 is connected to the GND pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1 and the negative AGND of the control signal; the Vout pin and the GND pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1 are connected to the capacitor CE2; the PWM wave generating circuit converts the power supply of the control circuit into a PWM wave by using a half-bridge driving chip; the control driving signal conditioning circuit realizes the isolation of the control signal and the main loop by using an isolation transformer T1; the secondary side of the isolation transformer T1 converts the power supply of the control circuit into the power supply of the driving circuit through a rectifier composed of diodes and a rectifier filter circuit composed of capacitors and resistors; the power supply of the driving circuit drives the switch group through a push-pull circuit composed of two triodes, and the opening voltage and the closing voltage are limited by using two voltage stabilizing tubes.

[0008] The switch board comprises a switch group and an absorption circuit; the switch group realizes bidirectional control by using two MOS tubes in series connection, and improves the switch power by multi-path parallel connection; the absorption circuit absorbs the inrush current and the inrush voltage at the time of opening and closing through diodes, resistors RQ and RG, and a capacitor group.

[0009] The PWM wave generating circuit of the electronic switch comprises diodes DP1-DP4, resistors RE2-RE3, capacitors CE3-CE4 and a half-bridge driver U1; the first pin of the resistor RE2 is respectively connected to the Vout pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1 in the control power supply circuit, the K pin of the diode DP3, the 8th pin high-side floating power supply pin and the 5th pin power supply VCC pin of the half-bridge driver U1, the K pin of the diode DP1 and the first pin of the capacitor CE4; the A pin of the diode DP3 is connected to the K pin of the diode DP4, the 4th pin Lo low-side output pin of the half-bridge driver U1; the first pin of the capacitor CE3 is connected to the second pin of the resistor RE2 and the 2nd pin oscillation pin of the half-bridge driver U1; the second pin of the capacitor CE3 is respectively connected to the 1st pin current detection input pin, the 3rd pin power supply GND pin and the 6th pin floating voltage feedback pin of the half-bridge driver U1, and the A pin of the diode DP4, the A pin of the diode DP2, the second pin of the capacitor CE4 and the AGND in the control power supply circuit; the K pin of the diode DP2 is connected to the A pin of the diode DP1, the 7th pin Ho high-side output pin of the half-bridge driver U1 and the first pin of the resistor RE3.

[0010] The control driving signal conditioning circuit of the electronic switch comprises Z1-Z2 voltage stabilizing tubes, P1-P2 PNP type triodes, Q1-Q2 NPN type triodes, an isolation transformer T1, resistors RE4-RE9, capacitors CE5-CE6, and diodes DP5-DP8; the first pin of the source side of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to the second pin of the resistor RE3 in the PWM wave generating circuit, the second pin of the source side of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to the 4th pin Lo low side output pin of the half-bridge driver U1 in the PWM wave generating circuit; the third pin of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T1 (the same name end of the first pin of the source side of the isolation transformer T1) is connected to the A pin of the diode DP7 and the K pin of the diode DP8; the fourth pin of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to the A pin of the diode DP5 and the K pin of the diode DP6; the first pin of the resistor RE4 is connected to the K pin of the diode DP5, the K pin of the diode DP7, the first pin of the capacitor CE5, the K pin of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1, the emitter of the triode P1, and the collector of the triode Q2; the second pin of the resistor RE4 is connected to the A pin of the diode DP6, the A pin of the diode DP8, the second pin of the capacitor CE5, the first pin of the resistor RE5, the emitter of the triode Q1, the first pin of the resistor RE9, and the collector of the triode P2; the A pin of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected to the A pin of the voltage stabilizing tube Z2, the first pin of the capacitor CE6, the second pin of the resistor RE5, and the first pin of the resistor RE6; the second pin of the resistor RE6 is connected to the base of the triode Q1; the K pin of the voltage stabilizing tube Z2 is connected to the second pin of the capacitor CE6, the collector of the triode P1, and the first pin of the resistor RE8, respectively; the second pin of the resistor RE8 is connected to the second pin of the resistor RE9, the triode Q2, and the base of the triode P2, respectively; the first pin of the resistor RE7 is connected to the base of the triode P1, and the second pin is connected to the collector of the triode Q1.

[0011] The electronic switch comprises an on-board planar isolation transformer T1.

[0012] The switch group of the electronic switch comprises MOS tubes G12-G16 and G21-G26, resistors RQ1-RQ6 and RG1-RE6; the first pin of the resistor RQ1 is connected to the emitter of the triode Q2 in the control driving signal conditioning circuit, the second pin of the resistor RQ1 is connected to the gate of the MOS tube G12, the gate of the MOS tube G21, and the first pin of the resistor RG1; the drain of the MOS tube G12 is connected to the input IN of the main circuit, the source of the MOS tube G12 is connected to the second pin of the resistor RG1, the collector of the triode P2 in the control driving signal conditioning circuit, and the source of the MOS tube G21; the drain of the MOS tube G21 is connected to the output OUT of the main circuit; the same as the connection mode of RQ1, RG1, G12, and G21, there are 5 groups of small switch circuits, and a total of 6 groups of small switch groups are connected in parallel to form the switch group of the switch circuit.

[0013] The electronic switch, the absorption circuit includes diode D1~D2, resistance R1~R7, capacitor C1~C84;Capacitor C1~C84 has 3 strings 28 and is composed of capacitor group, R1~R7 is connected in parallel and is composed of resistance group;The one end of C1~C84 capacitor group is connected to the collector of the triode P2 in the control drive signal conditioning circuit, the other end of C1~C84 capacitor group is connected to the one end of resistance R1~R7, the cathode K of diode D1, D2;The other end of resistance R1~R7 is connected to the anode A of diode D1, D2 and the main circuit input IN.

[0014] The electronic switch, the switch board is installed on the bottom plate through the stud;Heat-conducting silicone gasket is arranged between the switch board and the bottom plate;The control board is installed above the switch board, and the control board and the switch board are electrically connected through the pin header;The wiring board is installed above the control board through the stud, and the wiring board and the control board are electrically connected through the pin header, the control interface is led to the interface board, and the wiring board and the switch board are electrically connected through the pin header, and the main circuit input and output interface is led to the interface board.

[0015] The electronic switch, the resistance, the capacitor, the diode, the MOS tube and the triode are all selected from solid plastic encapsulated devices.

[0016] The electronic switch has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0017] 1, the circuit structure is simple, the reliability is high, the drive signal power is small, and the drive voltage range is wide.

[0018] 2, the control circuit and the switch main circuit have very high isolation voltage.

[0019] 3, the main switch adopts a plurality of MOS tubes in parallel, so that the switch resistance is reduced, the energy loss is reduced, the switch bottom plate is heat-dissipated, and the switch volume is reduced.

[0020] 4, the transformer adopts a planar isolation transformer on the board, so that the volume is small, the weight is light, and the installation is facilitated.

[0021] 5, the resistance, the capacitor, the diode, the MOS tube and the triode are all made of solid plastic encapsulated devices, so that the cost is low, and the voltage resistance is good. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Figure 1 The component structure block diagram of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0023] Figure 2 The principle diagram of the control power supply circuit of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0024] Figure 3 The principle diagram of the PWM wave generating circuit of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0025] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the control driving signal conditioning circuit of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the switch group of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the absorption circuit of the present application.

[0028] The reference signs are as follows: 10 - base plate, 11 - control plate, 12 - switch plate, 13 - wiring plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present application is further described in detail in conjunction with the drawings and examples as follows.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 the present application discloses an electronic switch comprising a shell, a base plate 10, a control plate 11, a switch plate 12 and a wiring plate 13. The switch plate 12 is installed on the base plate 10 through studs, and a heat-conducting silica gel pad is arranged between the switch plate 12 and the base plate 10; the control plate 11 is installed above the switch plate 12, and the control plate 11 and the switch plate 12 are electrically connected through a pin header; the wiring plate 13 is installed above the control plate 11 through studs, and the wiring plate 13 and the control plate 11 are electrically connected through a pin header, the control interface is led to the interface plate, and the wiring plate 13 and the switch plate 12 are electrically connected through a pin header, and the main circuit input and output interface is led to the interface plate. The control interface and the main circuit interface on the wiring plate 13 are the external interfaces of the switch.

[0031] The control plate 11 specifically comprises a control power supply circuit, a PWM wave generating circuit and a control driving signal conditioning circuit. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The circuit schematic diagram of the control plate 11.

[0032] Referring to Figure 2 the control power supply circuit comprises a resistor RE1, a capacitor CE1, a capacitor CE2, a diode DP0, a three-terminal voltage regulator E1 and a control interface socket PS1. The first pin of the resistor RE1 is connected to a switch control signal positive K+, and the second pin of the resistor RE1 is connected to the A pin of the diode DP0; the first pin of the capacitor CE1 is connected to the K pin of the diode DP0 and the Vin pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator E1, and the second pin of the capacitor CE1 is connected to the GND pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator E1 and a control signal negative AGND; the Vout pin and the GND pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator E1 are respectively connected to the first pin and the second pin of the capacitor CE2.

[0033] Referring to Figure 3As shown, the PWM wave generating circuit includes diodes DP1-DP4, resistors RE2-RE3, capacitors CE3-CE4, and half-bridge driver U1. The first pin of resistor RE2 is connected to the Vout pin of three-terminal voltage regulator E1 in the control power supply circuit, the K pin of diode DP3, the 8th pin of half-bridge driver U1, the 5th pin of half-bridge driver U1, the K pin of diode DP1, and the first pin of capacitor CE4. The A pin of diode DP3 is connected to the K pin of diode DP4 and the 4th pin of half-bridge driver U1. The first pin of capacitor CE3 is connected to the 2nd pin of half-bridge driver U1 and the second pin of resistor RE2. The second pin of capacitor CE3 is connected to the 1st pin of half-bridge driver U1, the 3rd pin of half-bridge driver U1, the 6th pin of half-bridge driver U1, the A pin of diode DP4, the A pin of diode DP2, the second pin of capacitor CE4, and AGND in the control power supply circuit. The K pin of diode DP2 is connected to the A pin of diode DP1, the 7th pin of half-bridge driver U1, and the first pin of resistor RE3.

[0034] With reference to Figure 4As shown, the control drive signal conditioning circuit includes Zener diodes Z1-Z2, PNP transistors P1-P2, NPN transistors Q1-Q2, isolation transformer T1, resistors RE4-RE9, capacitors CE5-CE6, and diodes DP5-DP8. The first pin of the source side of transformer T1 is connected to the second pin of resistor RE3 in the PWM wave generator circuit, and the second pin of the source side of T1 is connected to the fourth pin (Lo low-side output pin) of the half-bridge driver U1 in the PWM wave generator circuit. The third pin of the secondary side of transformer T1 (T1 source...) The first pin of the transformer T1 secondary side is connected to pin A of diode DP7 and pin K of diode DP8; the fourth pin of the transformer T1 secondary side is connected to pin A of diode DP5 and pin K of diode DP6; the first pin of resistor RE4 is connected to pin K of diodes DP5 and DP7, the first pin of capacitor CE5, pin K of Zener diode Z1, the emitter of transistor P1, and the collector of transistor Q2; the second pin of resistor RE4 is connected to pin A of diodes DP6 and DP8, the second pin of capacitor CE5, and resistor RE5... The first pin of the resistor is connected to the emitter of transistor Q1, the first pin of resistor RE9, and the collector of transistor P2; the A pin of Zener diode Z1 is connected to the A pin of Zener diode Z2, the first pin of capacitor CE6, the second pin of resistor RE5, and the first pin of resistor RE6; the second pin of resistor RE6 is connected to the base of transistor Q1; the K pin of Zener diode Z2 is connected to the second pin of capacitor CE6, the collector of transistor P1, and the first pin of resistor RE8; the second pin of resistor RE8 is connected to the second pin of resistor RE9, the base of transistor Q2, and the base of transistor P2; the first pin of resistor RE7 is connected to the base of transistor P1, and the second pin is connected to the collector of transistor Q1.

[0035] The switchboard 12 includes a main switch group and an absorption circuit. Figure 5 , 6 This is a circuit diagram of the switch board 12 of the present invention.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 As shown, the switch group circuit includes MOSFETs G12-G16 and G21-G26, and resistors RQ1-RQ6 and RG1-RE6. The first pin of resistor RQ1 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2 in the control drive signal conditioning circuit of control board 11, and the second pin of resistor RQ1 is connected to the gate of MOSFET G12, the gate of MOSFET G21, and the first pin of resistor RG1. The drain of MOSFET G12 is connected to the main circuit input IN, and the source of MOSFET G12 is connected to the second pin of resistor RG1, the collector of transistor P2 in the control drive signal conditioning circuit, and the source of MOSFET G21. The drain of MOSFET G21 is connected to the main circuit output OUT. Similarly, following the connection method of RQ1, RG1, G12, and G21, there are 5 more small switch groups, for a total of 6 small switch groups connected in parallel to form the switch group of the switch circuit.

[0037] Referring to Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the absorption circuit comprises diodes D1-D2, resistors R1-R7, and capacitors C1-C84; the capacitors C1-C84 are grouped into three strings of 28 capacitors, and the resistors R1-R7 are grouped in parallel; one end of the capacitor group C1-C84 is connected to the collector of the transistor P2 in the control driving signal conditioning circuit, the other end of the capacitor group C1-C84 is connected to one end of the resistor R1-R7 and the cathode K of the diodes D1 and D2; the other end of the resistor R1-R7 is connected to the anode A of the diodes D1 and D2 and the input IN of the main circuit.

[0038] The basic function of the switch module is to control the signal to be lower than the rated voltage, and the switch main circuit is disconnected; after a given rated control signal, the switch main circuit is closed. The present application adopts the combination of PWM wave circuit and isolation transformer to realize the isolation of the control circuit and the main circuit; the main switch circuit uses multiple MOS transistors in parallel, and the switch has a high rated current and a low internal resistance; for the impact voltage when the switch is off, the absorption circuit is added to improve the reliability of the switch; all components in the switch use high-voltage solid plastic encapsulated SMD components, and the switch has good voltage resistance and can be applied to full-sea pressure environment.

[0039] The circuit of the present application has simple structure, high reliability, small driving signal power, wide driving voltage range, high isolation voltage level of the control circuit and the main circuit, multiple MOS transistors in parallel in the main switch circuit, high rated current and low internal resistance of the switch, and all components are high-voltage solid plastic encapsulated SMD components, and the switch has good voltage resistance and can be applied to full-sea pressure environment.

[0040] The above embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, and part of the applied embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic switch, characterized by: The control board (11) includes a control power supply circuit, a PWM wave generating circuit and a control driving signal conditioning circuit; the control power supply circuit converts a control signal in a rated voltage range into a control circuit power supply, and includes a resistor RE1, a diode DP0 and a three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1 in series connection; a first pin of the resistor RE1 is connected to a switch control signal positive K+; a second pin of the resistor RE1 is connected to an A pin of the diode DP0; a K pin of the diode DP0 and a Vin pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1 are connected to a first pin of a capacitor CE1; a second pin of the capacitor CE1 is connected to a GND pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1 and a control signal negative AGND; a Vout pin and the GND pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1 are connected to a capacitor CE2; the PWM wave generating circuit converts the control circuit power supply into a PWM wave by using a half-bridge driving chip; and the control driving signal conditioning circuit realizes isolation of a control signal and a main loop by using an isolation transformer, converts the control circuit power supply into a driving circuit power supply, and drives a switch group; The switch board (12) includes a switch group and an absorption circuit; the switch group realizes bidirectional control by using two MOS tubes in series connection, and improves switch power by using multiple parallel connections; and the absorption circuit closes inrush voltage by using a diode, resistors RQ and RG and a capacitor to absorb inrush current; The PWM wave generating circuit includes diodes DP1-DP4, resistors RE2-RE3, capacitors CE3-CE4 and a half-bridge driver U1; a first pin of the resistor RE2 is connected to a Vout pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer E1, a K pin of the diode DP3, a high-side floating power supply pin and a power supply power supply VCC pin of the half-bridge driver U1, a K pin of the diode DP1 and a first pin of the capacitor CE4; an A pin of the diode DP3 is connected to a K pin of the diode DP4 and a low-side output pin of the half-bridge driver U1; a first pin of the capacitor CE3 is connected to a second pin of the resistor RE2 and an oscillation pin of the half-bridge driver U1; A second pin of the capacitor CE3 is connected to a current detection input pin, a power supply power supply GND pin and a floating voltage feedback pin of the half-bridge driver U1, and an A pin of the diode DP4, an A pin of the diode DP2, a second pin of the capacitor CE4 and AGND; a K pin of the diode DP2 is connected to an A pin of the diode DP1, a high-side output pin of the half-bridge driver U1 and a first pin of the resistor RE3; The control driving signal conditioning circuit includes voltage stabilizers Z1-Z2, PNP type triodes P1-P2, NPN type triodes Q1-Q2, an isolation transformer T1, resistors RE4-RE9, capacitors CE5-CE6 and diodes DP5-DP8; a first pin of a source side of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to a second pin of the resistor RE3; a second pin of the source side of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to a low-side output pin of the half-bridge driver U1; a third pin of a secondary side of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to an A pin of the diode DP7 and a K pin of the diode DP8. ​ The fourth pin of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T1 is connected with the A pin of the diode DP5 and the K pin of the diode DP6; the first pin of the resistor RE4 is connected with the K pin of the diode DP5, the K pin of the diode DP7, the first pin of the capacitor CE5, the K pin of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1, the emitter of the triode P1 and the collector of the triode Q2; the second pin of the resistor RE4 is connected with the A pin of the diode DP6, the A pin of the diode DP8, the second pin of the capacitor CE5, the first pin of the resistor RE5, the emitter of the triode Q1, the first pin of the resistor RE9 and the collector of the triode P2; the A pin of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected with the A pin of the voltage stabilizing tube Z2, the first pin of the capacitor CE6, the second pin of the resistor RE5 and the first pin of the resistor RE6; the second pin of the resistor RE6 is connected with the base of the triode Q1; the K pin of the voltage stabilizing tube Z2 is connected with the second pin of the capacitor CE6, the collector of the triode P1 and the first pin of the resistor RE8 respectively; the second pin of the resistor RE8 is connected with the second pin of the resistor RE9, the triode Q2 and the base of the triode P2 respectively; the first pin of the resistor RE7 is connected with the base of the triode P1, and the second pin is connected with the collector of the triode Q1.

2. An electronic switch according to claim 1, characterized in that The isolation transformer T1 is a planar isolation transformer on a board.

3. An electronic switch according to claim 1, characterized in that The switch group comprises MOS tubes G12-G16 and G21-G26, resistors RQ1-RQ6 and RG1-RE6; the first pin of the resistor RQ1 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q2, and the second pin of the resistor RQ1 is connected with the gate of the MOS tube G12, the gate of the MOS tube G21 and the first pin of the resistor RG1; the drain of the MOS tube G12 is connected with the input IN of the main circuit, the source of the MOS tube G12 is connected with the second pin of the resistor RG1, the collector of the triode P2 and the source of the MOS tube G21; the drain of the MOS tube G21 is connected with the output OUT of the main circuit.

4. An electronic switch according to claim 3, characterised in that The absorption circuit comprises diodes D1-D2, a resistor group formed by resistors R1-R7 in parallel, and a capacitor group formed by capacitors C1-C84 in series and parallel; one end of the capacitor group is connected with the collector of the triode P2, the other end of the capacitor group is connected with one end of the resistor group and the cathode K of the diodes D1 and D2; the other end of the resistor group is connected with the anode A of the diodes D1 and D2 and the input IN of the main circuit.

5. An electronic switch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, The switch plate (12) is mounted on the bottom plate (10) through studs; heat-conducting silica gel pads are arranged between the switch plate (12) and the bottom plate (10); the control plate (11) is mounted above the switch plate (12), and the control plate (11) and the switch plate (12) are electrically connected through a row of pins; the wiring plate (13) is mounted above the control plate (11) through studs, and the wiring plate (13) and the control plate (11) are electrically connected through a row of pins, the control interface is led to the interface plate, the wiring plate (13) and the switch plate (12) are electrically connected through a row of pins, and the main circuit input and output interface is led to the interface plate, and the control interface and the main circuit interface on the wiring plate (13) are external interfaces of the switch.

6. An electronic switch according to claim 5, characterised in that The resistors, capacitors, diodes, MOS tubes and triodes are all solid plastic encapsulated devices.

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