A single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna fed by four ports

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of communications technology, and more particularly to a four-port-fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna comprising four magnetoelectric dipole units, each provided with a feeding port, and connected to one another via microstrip lines. The magnetoelectric dipole units comprise a cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, a dielectric substrate, four square dipoles, and a coaxial probe. The four square dipoles are attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole is disposed between the four square dipoles, and the square dipoles are provided with a row of metal holes in both the X and Y directions. The coaxial probe is located at one end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole and is disposed within the dielectric substrate. A single-layer interconnected four-port 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array with a simpler structure and lower loss is employed, and free switching between dual polarization and circular polarization is achieved by adjusting the phases of different feeding points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna. Background Art

[0002] At present, the multi-port fed magnetoelectric dipole dual-polarization array structure mostly adopts coupled feeding, so it is mostly a double-layer or three-layer structure. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the relative feeding port controls a linear polarization mode, conducts electromagnetic waves through SIW, and then transmits energy to the 2*2 antenna array on the surface through slot coupling, thereby realizing dual polarization; for circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole arrays, most of them adopt a double-layer or three-layer structure, and the formation of circularly polarized units is mainly achieved by methods such as slotting and cutting corners. Figure 2 As shown, a 90° phase difference is achieved by cutting into a V-shaped angle and slotting, thereby realizing circular polarization.

[0003] The existing magnetoelectric dipole dual-polarization array structure has the following defects:

[0004] First, existing magneto-electric dipole arrays cannot simultaneously achieve dual-polarization and circular polarization functions;

[0005] Second, current dipole arrays mostly use a double-layer or triple-layer structure, which has high processing costs and large losses;

[0006] Third, for dual polarization, the feed network design is more complicated;

[0007] Fourth, for circular polarization, the design of the antenna unit is more complicated;

[0008] Fifth, there are high requirements for materials and processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention provides a four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna, aiming to solve the problems existing in the existing magnetoelectric dipole dual-polarization array structure.

[0010] The present invention provides a four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna, comprising four magnetoelectric dipole units, each of which is provided with a feeding port. The four magnetoelectric dipole units are connected to each other via microstrip lines to form an interconnected four-port 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array. The magnetoelectric dipole array is switched between circular polarization and linear polarization by adjusting the excitation and phase difference of the feeding port.

[0011] The magnetoelectric dipole unit includes a cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, a dielectric substrate, four square dipoles, and a coaxial probe. The four square dipoles are attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole is arranged in the middle of the four square dipoles, and the square dipole is provided with a row of metal holes in the X and Y directions. The coaxial probe is located at one end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole and is arranged in the dielectric substrate.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the four magnetoelectric dipole units are connected to each other through three microstrip lines, the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipoles are connected through one microstrip line, and two of the microstrip lines are connected between the square dipole oscillator walls of adjacent units.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the distance between the magnetoelectric dipole units is a propagation wavelength λ g .

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna has a square structure as a whole, and the four magnetoelectric dipole units are respectively located at the four vertex corners of the array antenna. The four magnetoelectric dipole units are arranged in a clockwise order and include a first unit, a third unit, a fourth unit, and a second unit. The corresponding unit is provided with a first feeding port, a third feeding port, a fourth feeding port, and a second feeding port on the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole. The first feeding port is arranged at the positive X-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, the fourth feeding port is arranged at the negative X-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, the third feeding port is arranged at the positive Y-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, and the second feeding port is arranged at the negative Y-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the power / phase of the first feeding port to the fourth feeding port are respectively: 1W / 0°, 1W / 90°, 1W / 270°, 1W / 180°, the single-layer magneto-electric dipole array antenna is a left-handed circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole array; when the power / phase of the first feeding port to the fourth feeding port are respectively: 1W / 0°, 1W / 270°, 1W / 90°, 1W / 180°, the single-layer magneto-electric dipole array antenna is a right-handed circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole array.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the power / phase of the first feeding port to the fourth feeding port are respectively: 1W / 0°, 0W / ()°, 0W / ()°, 1W / 180°, the single-layer magneto-electric dipole array antenna is a linearly polarized magneto-electric dipole array in the xoz plane; when the power / phase of the first feeding port to the fourth feeding port are respectively: 0W / ()°, 1W / 0°, 1W / 180°, 0W / ()°, the single-layer magneto-electric dipole array antenna is a linearly polarized magneto-electric dipole array in the yoz plane.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the dielectric substrate material is Rogers 5880, with a thickness of 1.57 mm, a dielectric constant of 2.2, and a loss tangent of 0.0009.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the length of the dipole arm of the magnetoelectric dipole unit is approximately 1 / 4 of the vacuum wavelength λ0.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a single-layer interconnected four-port 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array with a simpler structure and lower loss is adopted, and free switching between dual polarization and circular polarization can be achieved by adjusting the phases of different feeding points. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the existing dual-polarized 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the existing circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 1 is a top view and a front view of the magnetoelectric dipole unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 1. A top view of a single-layer 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array with four-port feed and switchable linear or circular polarization according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a port reflection coefficient diagram of the dual-polarized electric dipole array in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a frequency gain curve diagram of the dual-polarized electric dipole array in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is the E-plane pattern of the dual-polarized electric dipole array in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is the H-plane pattern of the dual-polarized electric dipole array in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9is the port reflection coefficient of the circularly polarized electric dipole array in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 is a frequency gain curve and axial ratio diagram of the circularly polarized electric dipole array in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 is the E-plane pattern of the circularly polarized electric dipole array in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 It is the H-plane pattern of the circularly polarized electric dipole array in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] The invention discloses a four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna, which realizes a magnetoelectric dipole array with a single-layer structure; and selects a suitable feeding mode to realize switching between circular polarization and dual polarization.

[0034] A four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna comprises four magnetoelectric dipole units 1, each of which is provided with a feeding port 2. The four magnetoelectric dipole units 1 are connected to each other via microstrip lines 3 to form an interconnected four-port 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array. The magnetoelectric dipole array is switched between circularly polarized and linearly polarized by adjusting the excitation and phase difference of the feeding port 2.

[0035] The magnetoelectric dipole unit 1 includes a cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4, a dielectric substrate 5, four square dipoles 6, and a coaxial probe 7. The four square dipoles 6 are attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4 is arranged in the middle of the four square dipoles 6, and the square dipole 6 is provided with a row of metal holes 61 in the X and Y directions. The coaxial probe 7 is located at one end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4, and the coaxial probe 7 is arranged in the dielectric substrate 5.

[0036] The magnetoelectric dipole unit further includes a metal bottom plate 8 , which is attached to the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 5 . The metal hole 61 passes through the dielectric substrate 5 and is connected to the metal bottom plate 8 .

[0037] A single element of the 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array is Figure 3 As shown, this unit is primarily a cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4, fed by a coaxial probe 7. Metal holes 61 in the Y direction act as metal walls to generate magnetic flux, while longitudinal metal holes 61 also act as metal walls to reduce left-right interference. The cross-feed design allows for better array expansion while maintaining structural symmetry.

[0038] The top view of the 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array is shown in Figure 4 As shown, the dielectric substrate 5 is made of Rogers 5880, with a thickness of 1.57 mm, a dielectric constant of 2.2, and a loss tangent of 0.0009. The dipole arm length is approximately 1 / 4 λ0 (the vacuum wavelength). The circular area of the square dipole 6 is a metal perforation. The metal holes 61 in the X direction function to reduce interference from the dipole arms on the microstrip line when differential feeding is performed on ports 1 and 4; and to act as metal walls to generate magnetic current when differential feeding is performed on ports 2 and 3.

[0039] The overall size of the antenna is 25×25 mm, and it is connected to each other through three microstrip lines 3. The spacing between adjacent elements is about one λ g (propagation wavelength), there are four feeding ports 2 in total, and circular polarization or linear polarization is achieved by adjusting the excitation and phase difference of the feeding port 2.

[0040] The purpose of connecting adjacent elements mainly through three microstrip lines 3 is to make the directivity patterns of the E plane and H plane in dual polarization as similar as possible, which is equivalent to the magnetic current propagating in the gaps between the three microstrip lines 3, thereby achieving the purpose of energy transmission.

[0041] like Figure 4 The single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna has an overall square structure. The four magnetoelectric dipole units 1 are respectively located at the four vertex corners of the array antenna. The four magnetoelectric dipole units 1 are arranged clockwise in sequence and include a first unit 11, a third unit 13, a fourth unit 14, and a second unit 12. The corresponding unit cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4 is provided with a first feeding port 21, a third feeding port 23, a fourth feeding port 24, and a second feeding port 22. The first feeding port 21 is set at the positive X-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4, the fourth feeding port 24 is set at the negative X-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4, the third feeding port 23 is set at the positive Y-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4, and the second feeding port 22 is set at the negative Y-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole 4.

[0042] like Figure 4As shown, the four feeding ports 2 are for realizing circular polarization and dual polarization. When the power / phase of the first feeding port 21 to the fourth feeding port 24 are respectively: 1W / 0°, 1W / 90°, 1W / 270°, 1W / 180°, left-hand circular polarization can be realized; when the power / phase of the first feeding port 21 to the fourth feeding port 24 are respectively: 1W / 0°, 1W / 270°, 1W / 90°, 1W / 180°, right-hand circular polarization can be realized; when the power / phase of the first feeding port 21 to the fourth feeding port 24 are respectively: 1W / 0°, 0W / ()°, 0W / ()°, 1W / 180°, linear polarization in the xoz plane can be realized; when the power / phase of the first feeding port 21 to the fourth feeding port 24 are respectively: 0W / ()°, 1W / 0°, 1W / 180°, 0W / ()°, linear polarization in the yoz plane can be realized. Among them, ()° indicates that the value in the brackets can be any value. When the feed power is 0W, the phase (degree) can take any value without any impact.

[0043] First, the design uses three transmission lines 3 to form an extension along the E-plane and H-plane, thereby forming a 2×2 antenna array. Energy is transmitted to each magnetoelectric dipole unit 1 through the microstrip line 3. When linearly polarized, in order to make the four antennas work simultaneously without causing half of the antenna to not work, it is necessary to have microstrip lines 3 connecting the middle cross to each other, otherwise the magnetoelectric dipole 4 fed by the outer half cross will not work. The two microstrip lines 3 connected to the oscillator wall are added to make the far-field radiation patterns of the E-plane and H-plane similar; secondly, by adjusting the feeding and phase of the port, dual polarization and circular polarization are achieved, so that an array has four polarization modes at the same time. Compared with other types of antennas, this antenna has a larger bandwidth and gain performance, and there is little energy waste from the gain perspective.

[0044] Taking the first feeding port and the fourth feeding port as an example, the linear polarization differential feeding point is used as an example. The bandwidth and gain performance are as follows: Figures 5 to 8 As shown. Taking left-hand circular polarization as an example, its bandwidth and gain performance are as follows Figures 9 to 12 shown.

[0045] The performance of the antenna array is shown in the following table, which shows that it meets the performance requirements.

[0046] Linear polarization (excitation ports 1 & 4) Circular polarization (90° counterclockwise phase difference) Sdd11 bandwidth (circular polarization is S11) 23.22~30.46GHz(7.24GHz) 23.37~32.26GHz(8.89GHz) Sdd12 bandwidth (circular polarization is S12) >26GHz >25.5GHz Axle ratio * ultra Maximum gain point (27.5GHz, 14.4dB) (27.5GHz, 14.14dB) 3dB bandwidth 24.92~30.75GHz(5.83GHz) 25.16~30.53GHz(5.37GHz) Main polarization and cross polarization levels <-11dB <-18dB

[0047] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna, characterized in that: The device comprises four magnetoelectric dipole units, each of which is provided with a feeding port. The four magnetoelectric dipole units are connected to each other via microstrip lines to form an interconnected four-port 2×2 magnetoelectric dipole array. The magnetoelectric dipole array is switched between circular polarization and linear polarization by adjusting the excitation and phase difference of the feeding port. The magnetoelectric dipole unit includes a cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, a dielectric substrate, four square dipoles, and a coaxial probe. The four square dipoles are attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole is arranged in the middle of the four square dipoles, and the square dipole is provided with a row of metal holes in the X and Y directions. The coaxial probe is located at one end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, and the coaxial probe is arranged in the dielectric substrate. The four magnetoelectric dipole units are connected to each other via three microstrip lines, the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipoles are connected to each other via one microstrip line, and two of the microstrip lines are connected between the square dipole oscillator walls of adjacent units; The single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna has a square structure as a whole. The four magnetoelectric dipole units are respectively located at the four vertex corners of the array antenna. The four magnetoelectric dipole units are arranged in a clockwise order and include a first unit, a third unit, a fourth unit, and a second unit. The corresponding unit is provided with a first feeding port, a third feeding port, a fourth feeding port, and a second feeding port on the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole. The first feeding port is arranged at the positive X-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, the fourth feeding port is arranged at the negative X-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, the third feeding port is arranged at the positive Y-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole, and the second feeding port is arranged at the negative Y-axial end of the cross-fed magnetoelectric dipole.

2. The four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the magnetoelectric dipole units is a propagation wavelength λ g .

3. The four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the power / phase of the first feeding port to the fourth feeding port are respectively: 1W / 0°, 1W / 90°, 1W / 270°, and 1W / 180°, the single-layer magneto-electric dipole array antenna is a left-handed circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole array; when the power / phase of the first feeding port to the fourth feeding port are respectively: 1W / 0°, 1W / 270°, 1W / 90°, and 1W / 180°, the single-layer magneto-electric dipole array antenna is a right-handed circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole array.

4. The four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the power / phase of the first feeding port to the fourth feeding port are respectively: 1W / 0°, 0W / ()°, 0W / ()°, 1W / 180°, the single-layer magneto-electric dipole array antenna is a linearly polarized magneto-electric dipole array in the xoz plane; when the power / phase of the first feeding port to the fourth feeding port are respectively: 0W / ()°, 1W / 0°, 1W / 180°, 0W / ()°, the single-layer magneto-electric dipole array antenna is a linearly polarized magneto-electric dipole array in the yoz plane, where ()° indicates that the value in the brackets is an arbitrary value.

5. The four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate material is Rogers 5880, with a thickness of 1.57 mm, a dielectric constant of 2.2, and a loss tangent of 0.0009.

6. The four-port fed single-layer magnetoelectric dipole array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the dipole arm of the magnetoelectric dipole unit is approximately 1 / 4 of the vacuum wavelength λ0.

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