Backplate for door actuator

Abstract

The present invention relates to a backplate (1) for a door actuator (102), the backplate comprising: at least one first mounting element (3) and a second mounting element (4), wherein one of the two mounting elements (3) is configured for fastening to a mounting surface (101), particularly to a door, housing or wall, and the other mounting element (4) is configured for receiving the door actuator (102); at least one connecting assembly (5) which holds the two mounting elements (3, 4) together in a holding position and does not hold the two mounting elements (3, 4) together in a releasing position; and at least one shape memory assembly (20) having a shape memory element (21) made of a shape memory material, wherein the shape memory assembly (20) moves the connecting assembly (5) to the releasing position upon thermal activation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a backplate for a door actuator. Background Technology

[0002] Door actuators are used to close and / or open doors. Specifically, door closers and door actuators are designated as door actuators. Typically, in a door closer, a manual opening motion charges a spring accumulator. The stored energy is then used to close the door. In a door actuator, for example, an electromechanical or hydraulic mechanism allows for the automatic opening and / or closing of the door. Typically, door actuators are secured to both the door leaf or housing and a wall. In most cases, a mounting plate is used to secure the door actuator. The mounting plate is secured to its mounting surface, i.e., to the door, housing, or wall. The door actuator is then attached to the mounting plate.

[0003] Especially for fire doors, it is important to note that flammable fluids, particularly hydraulic oil, are frequently used in door actuators. In the event of a fire, appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the fluid in the door actuator from overheating and to prevent it from igniting if it escapes from the actuator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a backplate for a door actuator that ensures reliable fastening of the door actuator while also meeting safety-related requirements, particularly in the event of a fire.

[0005] This invention describes a backplate that replaces a conventional mounting plate for securing a door actuator. The backplate includes at least one first mounting element and a second mounting element. The mounting elements are connected to each other via at least one connecting assembly. Under corresponding thermal loads, the connecting assembly loosens, causing the two mounting elements to disengage from each other. This causes the door actuator to detach from its mounting surface, i.e., from the door, housing, or wall. Particularly in this case, it is assumed that the door actuator is located on the fire-resistant side of the door. The detachment of the door actuator from its mounting surface prevents overheating of the door actuator, thereby preventing fluid from escaping from the door actuator and preventing the fluid from igniting.

[0006] To describe the orientation, a mounting axis is defined at the backplate. The mounting axis is parallel to screws, such as those used to screw the backplate to the mounting surface. Alternatively, the mounting axis is perpendicular to the output axis of the door actuator. The perpendicularity to the mounting axis defines a longitudinal axis and a vertical axis; in typical installations, the longitudinal axis extends horizontally.

[0007] Preferably, the two mounting elements are plates or plate-like elements, and to form a backplate, the two mounting elements are arranged adjacent to each other, or particularly, one mounting element is disposed within the other mounting element. Specifically, at least one first mounting element is provided, the back side of which is fastened to a mounting surface, particularly screwed to the mounting surface. The door, housing, or wall forms the mounting surface. Therefore, the second mounting element is connected to the door actuator. Specifically, the second mounting element has a front surface to which the door actuator is fastened, particularly screwed to the front surface. Preferably, the second mounting element is a separate component to which the door actuator is fastened. However, alternatively, the second mounting element can be an integral part of the door actuator.

[0008] Alternatively, the opposite implementation is also possible, in which at least one first mounting element is formed to accommodate the door actuator and a second mounting element is fastened to the mounting surface.

[0009] The backplate includes at least one connecting component. In particular, one, two, three, four, five or more such connecting components are provided.

[0010] The connecting assembly holds the two mounting elements together in its holding position. Specifically, this is achieved by means of a form-fit connection in the connecting assembly. The connecting assembly can be moved to a release position. In the release position, the connecting assembly no longer holds the two mounting elements together; specifically, the connecting assembly releases the form-fit connection established between the two mounting elements.

[0011] Furthermore, the backplate includes at least one shape memory component. Similarly, the shape memory component includes at least one shape memory element (e.g., wire) made of a shape memory material. Specifically, the shape memory material is a shape memory metal or a shape memory alloy. In particular, the shape memory material is a specific metal that can exist in two different crystal structures (e.g., austenite and martensite). The shape memory component is disposed and formed in the backplate to move the connection assembly to a released position upon thermal activation. That is, in the backplate, the shape memory component acts as an actuator or driver for moving the connection assembly. In this case, it is not necessary to move the entire connection assembly, but it may be sufficient to move a portion of the connection assembly to loosen the connection between the two mounting elements.

[0012] Thermal activation is achieved, particularly within a temperature range of 90°C to 200°C. Specifically, in this case, the shape memory component is formed to activate at the corresponding temperature, which is suitable for preventing fluid from escaping from the gate actuator and preventing subsequent ignition of the fluid. In particular, thermal activation means heating the shape memory element, causing the martensitic structure to transform into an austenitic structure.

[0013] Preferably, the shape memory element is formed as a wire, rod, or spring. In particular, the spring is a helical spring. When thermally activated, the shape memory element changes its length; specifically, it shortens. Thus, by thermally activating the shape memory element, a force, particularly a tension force, can be applied to the elements of the connecting assembly. Therefore, the force, particularly the tension force, can be used to release the connection of the connecting assembly.

[0014] In the backplate, preferably, the shape memory element is at least partially disposed in a receiving recess and / or a fully enclosed channel. Specifically, the receiving recess or channel is located in the first mounting element. This arrangement in the receiving recess or channel allows for a protected position of the relatively thin shape memory element so as not to damage the wiring, for example, when mounting the backplate. Preferably, the receiving recess or channel extends over at least 50% of the length of the shape memory element. Furthermore, this achieves particularly rapid heat transfer from the mounting surface to the shape memory element, and thus the backplate can respond as quickly as possible to dangerous temperature rises on the mounting surface.

[0015] Preferably, the first mounting element includes a substrate specifically configured to rest on a mounting surface. Specifically, the substrate is screwed onto the mounting surface via corresponding fastening holes.

[0016] Preferably, the second mounting element is formed as a plate. Specifically, the plate includes at least one receiving recess. Specifically, the receiving recess is continuous from the front side to the rear side. The first mounting element is disposed in the receiving recess. Specifically, the second mounting element is frame-shaped and therefore completely surrounds at least one receiving recess.

[0017] Alternatively, multiple receiving recesses for mounting the first mounting element can be provided in the second mounting element.

[0018] In this embodiment, at least one first mounting element is incorporated into a plate-shaped second mounting element, providing a space-optimized structural configuration.

[0019] Preferably, the thickness of the backplate is at most 6 mm, and particularly at most 4 mm. This relatively thin implementation results in an appearance similar to a standard mounting plate. In particular, the thickness is measured from the back to the front, i.e., parallel to the mounting axis. Potential positioning extensions or other components for mounting door actuators are still disregarded.

[0020] In this preferred embodiment, the connecting assembly includes at least one rod element. The rod element is movably disposed at a first mounting element and can be moved from its holding position to a released position. Specifically, the first mounting element is a component to be screwed onto a mounting surface (door, wall, or housing).

[0021] By default, when the shape memory assembly is not thermally activated, the lever element is in its holding position and holds the second mounting element in this case. In the release position, the lever element releases the second mounting element, allowing the two mounting elements to disengage from each other. Consequently, the door actuator also disengages from the mounting surface.

[0022] The movement of the rod element toward its release position is achieved by a shape memory component, which applies a corresponding force to the rod element of the connecting component upon thermal activation.

[0023] The connection between the shape memory assembly, particularly the shape memory element, and at least one rod can be direct or indirect. Furthermore, the form-fit connection between the rod element and the second mounting element can be direct or indirect. For example, a variation has been proposed in which a rotating rod is provided between the rod element and the second mounting element, the rotating rod initially blocking the rod element, and the rod element being rotatable in a release position to release the form closure with the second mounting element.

[0024] Basically, shape memory components are arranged and formed for moving rod elements. The rod elements are arranged at the first mounting element, particularly at the substrate of the first mounting element, and can move linearly or rotationally. In this case, the rod elements move linearly either parallel to the longitudinal axis or parallel to the vertical axis and thus perpendicular to the mounting axis. In the arrangement of rotational movement, the rotation axis of the corresponding rod is specifically arranged parallel to the mounting axis.

[0025] Depending on the different arrangements of the rod elements, the shape memory assembly is specifically configured and formed for pulling, rotating, or deforming the rod elements. In this case, deformation can occur simultaneously with the pulling and / or rotating movements of the rod elements.

[0026] Preferably, the backplate comprises at least two opposing rod elements. Specifically, the two rod elements are opposing in orientation, meaning that during movement, they move toward each other to their release position, particularly parallel to the longitudinal axis. In this case, preferably, at least one shape memory assembly has two ends connected to the two opposing rod elements, such that the shape memory assembly contracts upon thermal activation, thereby moving the two rod elements toward each other simultaneously to their release position.

[0027] Alternatively, two opposing rod elements can be coupled to a corresponding shape memory assembly. Specifically, one end of the shape memory assembly is then connected to the associated rod element, and the other end of the shape memory assembly is connected to the first mounting element, particularly the substrate. The shape memory assembly contracts again upon thermal activation, thereby pulling the associated rod element to the desired release position.

[0028] In the third variation, at least two synchronized lever elements are provided, wherein these two synchronized lever elements, together with the shape memory assembly, particularly the shape memory element, are force-transmittingly connected. Thus, a shape memory assembly can move both elements simultaneously upon thermal activation. In this case, the shape memory assembly is specifically configured such that one end is fastened to a first mounting element, particularly a substrate, and the other end of the shape memory assembly is connected to one of the two lever elements. The force can be transmitted to the other lever element via a force-transmitting element, such as a bushing. In this case, preferably, the shape memory element extends through the bushing.

[0029] Particularly preferably, the end members are provided at at least one end, preferably both ends, of the corresponding shape memory element. Specifically, the end members are elements press-fitted to the shape memory element. Through such end members, the shape memory assembly is connected to the substrate of the associated rod element and / or the first mounting element, for example, by hooking onto a corresponding receiving fork. Alternatively, the shape memory element can be connected to the corresponding element of the device by clamping or directly through material bonding (e.g., laser welding points).

[0030] To improve the sliding motion between the rod element and the first mounting element or the second mounting element, at least one rolling body is preferably provided. This rolling body is located between the rod element and the first mounting element and / or between the rod element and the second mounting element.

[0031] Preferably, the rolling body is a cylinder (e.g., a rod) or a sphere. This rolling body can be inserted into a mounting element or rod element without complex attachments.

[0032] As explained, the rod element is supported at the first mounting element in a linearly movable manner. In this particular case, the rod element is provided to include at least one guide. Specifically, the guide is an elongated guide hole or guide groove. An extension of the guide protrudes from the first mounting element into the guide, thereby ensuring linear movement guidance of the rod element relative to the first mounting element. The guide extension can be an integral part of the substrate of the first mounting element or, for example, a screw inserted into the substrate.

[0033] Furthermore, preferably, the rotating rod is positioned between the rod element and the second mounting element. Specifically, the rotating rod is supported at the first mounting element in a rotatably movable manner. Preferably, the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the mounting axis, particularly parallel to the longitudinal axis or parallel to the vertical axis.

[0034] Specifically, the rotating rod comprises two branches, with its axis of rotation positioned between the two branches. One branch rests directly or indirectly in a form-fitting manner on the second mounting element. The other branch rests directly or indirectly in a form-fitting manner on the rod element in its holding position. As long as the rod element is in its holding position, rotation of the rotating rod about its axis of rotation is prevented, and its form-fitting connection with the second mounting element is maintained.

[0035] A lateral element, particularly a lateral element in the shape of a rod-shaped rolling body, can be disposed between the rod element and the rotating rod. When the rod element is moved to the release position, the lateral element is pulled out below the branch of the rotating rod.

[0036] Furthermore, as already explained, it is intended to support the rod element at the first mounting element in a rotatably movable manner. In this case, the shape memory assembly can be directly or indirectly connected to the rod element for rotating the rod element about its rotation axis.

[0037] Specifically, a transfer rod is provided, which the shape memory component pulls upon thermal activation. Preferably, the transfer rod is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis and moves linearly.

[0038] Similarly, the transmission rod is connected to at least one rotatable rod element in such a way that the linear motion of the transmission rod is converted into the rotational motion of at least one rod element.

[0039] In a rotatable embodiment, the rod element is form-fitted to the second mounting element in a held position and is configured to be released during rotation, preferably less than 360°, preferably less than 180°. Specifically for this purpose, the rod element has a cam or other eccentric device that extends perpendicular to the rod's axis of rotation and engages with the second mounting element in a form-fitting manner.

[0040] Particularly preferably, at least in one region of the circumference, the rotatable rod element includes a tapered surface that engages with a complementary tapered surface of the second mounting element, such that when rotated to the release position, the two engaging tapered surfaces push the second mounting element away from the mounting surface, causing the door actuator to move away from the mounting surface.

[0041] Furthermore, preferably, the shape memory component is intended to be configured and formed to deform at least one rod element. In this case, the rod element is specifically deformed such that the form-fit connection between the rod element and the second mounting element becomes loose.

[0042] Specifically, the deformable rod element has a U-shaped or V-shaped form with two converging branches. Preferably, the shape memory assembly has a central pull rod assembly between the two branches, such that the two branches can move toward or away from each other to release the connection.

[0043] In particular, in embodiments with a linearly moving lever element, an inclined plane is formed between the lever element and the first mounting element, and when moved to the release position, the lever element moves above said inclined plane, thereby moving vertically to the mounting surface and thus enabling pressure to be applied to the door actuator. In this case, the lever element can push away the second mounting element or directly push away the door actuator, thereby assisting in disengaging from the door actuator.

[0044] In alternative embodiments without rod elements, it is preferably intended that the connecting assembly includes at least one form-closing assembly between the two mounting elements. Specifically, the form-closing assembly includes form-closing elements that are directly connected to or integrally formed with the first and second mounting elements, the form-closing elements engaging with each other in a shape-meeting position. By moving at least one of the two mounting elements using a shape-memory assembly, the form-closing elements of the form-closing assembly can be moved relative to each other, thereby releasing the connection between the mounting elements.

[0045] According to the first variant, when thermally activated by the shape memory component, the second mounting element can be displaced relative to the first mounting element to a release position, thereby disengaging the form closure elements of the form closure component from each other.

[0046] According to the second variation, the form-closing assembly is intended to be configured and formed to deform at least one of the two mounting elements, particularly the first mounting element. In this case, the corresponding mounting element is deformable, causing the form-closing assembly to disengage between the two mounting elements.

[0047] When it is desired to deform the first mounting element, the first mounting element is preferably screwed onto the mounting surface via an elongated hole, so that the first mounting element can move relative to the screw via the elongated hole.

[0048] Independent of the construction of the connecting components, it is preferably intended that the backplate include at least one disengagement element. The disengagement element is a thermally expanding material, such as an expansion pad or a corresponding spring. The disengagement element is configured such that it pushes the door actuator away from the mounting surface. In this case, the disengagement element can act directly on the door actuator or on the corresponding mounting element.

[0049] Furthermore, the backplate may include a thermally activated barrier element. For example, the barrier element may be made of a thermally expanding material or a glass vial filled with fluid, such as those known from sprinkler systems. Alternatively, the barrier element may be made of any other material that melts or deforms at a corresponding temperature.

[0050] The blocking element is configured to block movement of the connecting assembly toward the release position. Ideally, the blocking element disengages and releases movement of the connecting assembly only during thermal activation, and preferably before the shape memory assembly is activated.

[0051] Furthermore, the present invention includes an assembly comprising the described backplate and a door actuator. In this case, the door actuator is specifically fastened to a second mounting element. Preferably, the backplate is fastened to a mounting surface, particularly to a door, housing, or wall. Attached Figure Description

[0052] The invention will now be described in more detail based on exemplary embodiments. In this case, it shows:

[0053] Figure 1 It is an inventive component having an inventive backplate according to all exemplary embodiments.

[0054] Figure 2 This is the backplate of the present invention according to a first exemplary embodiment.

[0055] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The section AA marked in the middle,

[0056] Figures 4 to 6 These are different details of the backplate of the present invention according to a first exemplary embodiment.

[0057] Figure 7 This is the backplate of the present invention according to a second exemplary embodiment.

[0058] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The section BB marked in the middle,

[0059] Figure 9 This is a detail of the backplate of the present invention according to a second exemplary embodiment.

[0060] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This is a first variation of the backplate of the present invention according to a second exemplary embodiment.

[0061] Figure 12 This is a second variation of the backplate of the present invention according to the second exemplary embodiment.

[0062] Figure 13This is the backplate of the present invention according to a third exemplary embodiment.

[0063] Figure 14 Yes Figure 13 Details

[0064] Figure 15 This is a variation of the backplate of the present invention according to the third exemplary embodiment.

[0065] Figure 16 It is the front side of the back plate of the present invention according to the fourth exemplary embodiment.

[0066] Figure 17 It is the rear side of the back plate of the present invention according to the fourth exemplary embodiment.

[0067] Figure 18 This is a detail of the backplate of the present invention according to a fourth exemplary embodiment.

[0068] Figure 19 This is a variation of the backplate of the present invention according to the fourth exemplary embodiment.

[0069] Figure 20 It is the front side of the back plate of the present invention according to the fifth exemplary embodiment.

[0070] Figure 21 This is a detail of the backplate of the present invention according to a fifth exemplary embodiment.

[0071] Figure 22 Figure 20 The cross section EE marked in the middle,

[0072] Figure 23 This is a first variation of the backplate of the present invention according to the fifth exemplary embodiment.

[0073] Figure 24 This is a second variation of the backplate of the present invention according to the fifth exemplary embodiment.

[0074] Figure 25 This is a third variation of the backplate of the present invention according to the fifth exemplary embodiment.

[0075] Figure 26 It is the backplate of the present invention according to the sixth exemplary embodiment, which is in the holding position.

[0076] Figure 27 The backplate of the present invention according to the sixth exemplary embodiment is in the released position.

[0077] Figure 28 This is a detail of the backplate of the present invention according to the sixth exemplary embodiment.

[0078] Figure 29This is the backplate of the present invention according to the seventh exemplary embodiment.

[0079] Figure 30 This is the backplate of the present invention according to the eighth exemplary embodiment.

[0080] Figure 31 Details of the backplate of the present invention according to all exemplary embodiments, and

[0081] Figure 32 Details of the backplate of the present invention according to all exemplary embodiments are provided. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The following description, based on the accompanying drawings, details component 100 and backplate 1. Figure 1 The mounting surface 101 of component 100 in all exemplary embodiments is shown purely schematically. For example, a door, housing, or wall forms the mounting surface 101. Mounting axis 2 is defined perpendicular to mounting surface 101. Longitudinal axis 10 is defined perpendicular to mounting axis 2 and is horizontal. Vertical axis 11 is defined perpendicular to longitudinal axis 10 and perpendicular to mounting axis 2. For example, in... Figure 2 The diagram shows the longitudinal axis 10 and the vertical axis 11.

[0083] Door actuator 102 is mounted on back plate 1. Door actuator 102, which is formed here as a door closer, includes output axis 103. Output axis 103 is perpendicular to mounting axis 2 and parallel to vertical axis 11.

[0084] In all exemplary embodiments, the backplate includes a first mounting element 3 and a second mounting element 4. The first mounting element 3 is inserted into the recess 12 of the plate-shaped and frame-shaped second mounting element 4.

[0085] In this case, specifically, from the perspective of thickness, i.e., parallel to the mounting axis 2, the intention is that the first mounting element 3 does not extend further than the second mounting element 4. Therefore, the entire thickness 43 of the backplate 1 is determined by the thickness of the second mounting element 4.

[0086] The back plate 1 has a back side 6 facing the mounting surface 101. The front side 7 on which the door actuator 102 is placed is defined on the opposite side. In particular, the door actuator 102 is fastened to the second mounting element 4, especially screwed to the second mounting element 4, on the front side 7. However, the second mounting element 4 may be an integral part of the door actuator 102, and thus form the rear side of the door actuator 102.

[0087] In an exemplary embodiment, the first mounting element 3 has at least one substrate 8. Essentially, the substrate 8 extends in a plane spanned by a longitudinal axis 10 and a vertical axis 11. A fastening hole 9 is provided in the substrate 11 for fastening the substrate 8 to the mounting surface 101. Specifically, the fastening hole 9 is countersunk at the front side 7, allowing the screw head to be inserted flush with the surface.

[0088] All exemplary embodiments have one or more shape memory components 20. The corresponding shape memory component includes at least one shape memory element 21, which herein is formed into a shape memory wire from a corresponding shape memory metal alloy.

[0089] The shape memory element 21 may have end members 22 at one or both ends. In particular, the end members 22 are thicker areas, such as elements curled onto wire.

[0090] The backplate 1 includes a corresponding connecting assembly 5 for connecting two mounting elements 3, 4 in a form-fitting manner. The shape memory assembly 20 allows the connecting assembly 5 to be moved from a holding position to a releasing position.

[0091] Details of different exemplary embodiments are explained below. Identical, functionally identical, or similar structural components are always identified using the same reference numerals. Unless otherwise stated, all figures of the corresponding exemplary embodiments are always referred to.

[0092] Figures 2 to 6 A first exemplary embodiment is shown: Here, the connecting assembly 5 includes two rod elements 13. From the held position to the released position of the illustrated rod elements 13, the two rod elements 13 are capable of moving in opposite directions toward each other. A guide 14, parallel to the longitudinal axis 10, provides linear movement for the two rod elements 13. Herein, the guide 14 is formed by an elongated oval hole opening to one side in the rod element 13.

[0093] In this document, a corresponding guide extension 15, formed by a screw and protruding from the substrate 8, protrudes into the guide portion 14. Simultaneously, the guide extension 15, together with its head, serves to secure the rod element 13 to the substrate 8.

[0094] In particular, such as Figure 3 As shown in section AA, the second mounting element 4 has a shoulder 17 in the receiving recess 12. An associated rod element 13 engages with the shoulder 17 in a form-fitting manner, such that in the shown retaining position, the second mounting element 4 cannot disengage from the first mounting element 3. By pulling the two rod elements 13, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment 1, the connecting assembly 5 is released, and the second mounting element 4 can move away from the mounting surface 101.

[0095] In this document, a rod-shaped rolling body 16 is inserted to improve the sliding motion of the corresponding rod element 13. One rolling body 16 is inserted into the groove of the second mounting element 4 at the shoulder 17. Another rolling body 16 is inserted into the rod element 13 and makes rolling contact with the front side 7 of the substrate 8.

[0096] In the first exemplary embodiment, two shape memory components 20 are provided. Each shape memory component 20 has a shape memory element 21. Each end part 22 is provided at both ends of the corresponding shape memory element 21.

[0097] Two parallel receiving grooves 23 are provided in the substrate 8. The shape memory element 21 extends through the receiving grooves 23. The receiving grooves 23 open to the substrate recesses 25 on both sides. The end member 22 finds space in the substrate recesses 25.

[0098] As in Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in the combined view, a corresponding shape memory element 21 and an end member 22 rest in a substrate recess 25 at the substrate 8, and the opposite end member 22 rests on an associated rod element 13. Upon thermal activation, the length of the shape memory element 21 shortens, thereby pulling the rod element 13.

[0099] As a connection between the shape memory element 21 or the end member 22 and the rod element 13, the corresponding rod element 13 has a receiving fork 24 into which the shape memory element 21 is inserted and where the end member 22 rests.

[0100] For a more space-saving design, the substrate recess 25 is formed such that the receiving fork 24 of the rod element 13 can protrude into and move within the substrate recess 25; such as Figure 5 As shown in the diagram.

[0101] Figures 7 to 12 A second exemplary implementation with different variations is shown.

[0102] Similar to the first exemplary embodiment, the second exemplary embodiment shows a reversed rod element 13 that can move toward each other via the shape memory assembly 20, thereby releasing the form closure with the second mounting element 4.

[0103] Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The construction of the first mounting element 3 is shown, particularly the construction of the substrate 8 and the two rod elements 13 made of a bent metal plate. Again, as in the first exemplary embodiment, the rod elements 13 are linearly guided to move at the substrate 8 via corresponding guide extensions 15 and guides 14.

[0104] The bridging portion 30 of the second mounting element 4 is screwed onto the shoulder 17 in the receiving recess 12. Between the bridging portion 30 and the shoulder 17, the associated rod element 13 extends to the holding position.

[0105] Figure 11 Relevant details and Figure 10 A variation of the second exemplary embodiment is shown. Two opposing rod elements 13 are provided herein. In this case, the rod elements are loaded with a backlash-compensating spring 31 in their holding position, thereby providing a backlash-free connection between the two mounting elements 3, 4. This backlash-compensating spring 31 can be employed in all the exemplary embodiments shown, particularly in the exemplary embodiments having at least one rod element 13. Furthermore, a cone ensuring a backlash-free position of the rod element 13 in the second mounting element 4 can be provided between the relevant surfaces of the rod element 13 and the second mounting element 4.

[0106] Figure 12 Another variation of the second exemplary embodiment is shown. In this document, four rod elements 13 are provided, each of which is formed from an end member 22 of a shape memory element 21.

[0107] This document describes in detail four shape memory components 20. Four shape memory elements 21 are connected to the substrate 8 at the center of the back plate 1 via their centrally located end members 22. In corresponding receiving recesses 23 or channels, the end members 22, in a holding position on their outer sides, simultaneously extend into the first mounting element 3 and the second mounting element 4. This achieves a shape-fit connection between the two mounting elements 3 and 4. Upon thermal activation, the four shape memory elements 21 contract, thereby pulling the end members 22 on their outer sides out of the second mounting element 4.

[0108] Figures 13 to 15 A third exemplary embodiment with different variations is shown: In this third exemplary embodiment, the rod element 13 is capable of both linear movement and deformation. The deformation of each rod element 13 causes the rod element 13 to disengage from the second mounting element 4 and thus loosen the connecting assembly 5.

[0109] Furthermore, a third exemplary embodiment reveals how only one shape memory component 20 and therefore only one shape memory element 21 can correctively and simultaneously move multiple rod elements 13.

[0110] Figure 13 Two U-shaped rod elements 13 are shown, particularly the flat metal plate portion of the rod element 13. Each rod element 13 has two branches, which engage with the second mounting element 4 through a shape-fitting arrangement at their ends. According to... Figure 13 In the illustration, the shape memory assembly 20, upon thermal activation, can pull the rod element 13 to the right, thereby causing the branch to move inward. This results in deformation of the rod element 13. To facilitate this inward movement of the branch, a guide 14 and an associated guide extension 15 are correspondingly provided herein. Figure 14 The schematic diagram illustrates the movement toward the release position and thus the deformation of the rod element 13.

[0111] Independent of the given exemplary implementation, Figure 13 and Figure 14 This explains that shape memory element 21 can move two lever elements 13. Figure 13 In the illustration, shape memory element 21 is secured to substrate 8 via right end member 22. Shape memory element 21 extends parallel to longitudinal axis 10 through or past right rod element 13 to left rod element 13. Shape memory element 21 is connected to left rod element 13 via left end member 22 and thus can pull left rod element 13. Bushing 32 is provided to transmit force to right rod element 13. Wire-shaped shape memory element 21 passes through bushing 32. Bushing 32 rests on both rod elements 13 and thus can transmit force from left rod element 13 to right rod element 13.

[0112] Figure 15 A variation is explained in which the two rod elements 13 are not formed as a U-shape with two branches, but rather as flexible portions, such as metal plate portions, extending parallel to the vertical axis 11, and thus protruding into the second mounting element 4 at the top and bottom. Again, in this document, bending both rod elements 13 can be achieved by pulling only one shape memory element 21, thereby allowing the connecting assembly 5 to disengage.

[0113] Figures 16 to 19 A fourth exemplary implementation with different variations is shown: Figure 16 The front side 7 of the back plate 1 is shown. Figure 17 The rear side 6 of the back plate 1 is shown. In the schematic diagrams of sections CC and DD, Figure 18 The movement of the connecting component 5 from the held position to the released position is shown.

[0114] In the fourth exemplary embodiment, two opposing rod elements 13 capable of moving toward each other are provided. However, in this embodiment, the rod elements 13 are not directly form-fitted into the second mounting element 4, but are engaged into the second mounting element 4 via a transverse element 35 that prevents the rotational movement of the rotating rod 33. The rotating rod 33 is also form-fitted into the shoulder 17 in the receiving recess 12 of the second mounting element 4.

[0115] like Figures 16 to 18 As explained herein, two rotating rods 33 are disposed on two sides of the substrate 8. Each rotating rod 33 is capable of rotating about a corresponding rotating rod axis 34. In this document, the rotating rod axis 34 is parallel to the vertical axis 11.

[0116] like Figure 17 As disclosed, the two rod elements 13 are capable of moving toward each other via two shape memory elements 21. The shape memory elements 21 are secured to the substrate 8 via a centrally located end member 22. It is apparent herein that the two shape memory elements 21 can travel parallel to each other, as in the first exemplary embodiment. Furthermore, it is also apparent herein that only one shape memory element 21 can cause the two mounting elements 13 to move toward each other.

[0117] like Figure 18 As illustrated herein, the lever element 13 can pull the transverse element 35 inward, which is formed herein as a rolling lever. Thus, the rotating lever 33 can rotate about the rotation axis 34 of the rotating lever, thereby releasing it from its closed position with the second mounting element 4.

[0118] like Figure 18 As shown in the third figure, the lever element 13 travels on the inclined plane 36. The function of the inclined plane 36 is that during the movement of the lever element 13 to the release position, the lever element 13 moves parallel to the mounting axis 2 and, in this case, moves in the direction of the door actuator 102. Therefore, the inclined plane 36 and the corresponding moving lever element 13 exert a force on the door actuator 102 to push the door actuator 102 away from the mounting surface 101.

[0119] The movement of the rod element 13 via the inclined plane 36 parallel to the mounting axis 2 is illustrated by example in this fourth exemplary embodiment; however, it can also be applied to other exemplary embodiments having movable rod elements.

[0120] Figure 19A variation of the fourth exemplary embodiment is illustrated, in which four lever elements 13 are used, all of which are movable parallel to the vertical axis 11. Furthermore, four rotating rods 33 are used, with their rotation axes 34 parallel to the longitudinal axis 10. The four lever elements 13 are moved to a release position via a common shape memory assembly 20, thereby pulling the transverse element 35 again from below the branches of the rotating rods 33.

[0121] Figures 20 to 25 Various variations of the fifth exemplary embodiment are shown. In the fifth exemplary embodiment, the rod element 13 does not move linearly, but rather rotates. The rotation axis 38 of the associated rod is parallel to the mounting axis 2.

[0122] Figure 20 The front side 7 of the backplate 1 is shown. Figure 21 In the middle, for clarity, substrate 8 is covered. Figure 22 It shows Figure 20 The section EE is marked in the middle.

[0123] In particular, such as Figure 21 As illustrated herein, a transmission rod 37 is provided, extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 10 and movable parallel to the longitudinal axis 10 via a shape memory assembly 20. Specifically, a shape memory element 21 protrudes through the transmission rod 37 and is connected to the transmission rod 37 at one end via a corresponding end member 22. Specifically, the other end member 22 is connected to the substrate 8.

[0124] The transmission rod 37 and the rotatable rod element 13 are connected to each other so as to convert the linear motion of the transmission rod 37 into the rotational motion of the rod element 13.

[0125] Figure 22 The cross-section illustrates that the corresponding rod element 13 in this document has a tapered cam 39 at its top side, which is form-fitted to the second mounting element 4 in the holding position. By rotating the rod element 13 a few degrees, the form-fitting connection with the second mounting element 4 is released.

[0126] The tapered cam 39 and its complementary tapered surface at the second mounting element 4 allow for a backlash-free connection between the two mounting elements 3 and 4.

[0127] Figure 23 A variation of the fifth exemplary embodiment is shown, wherein two rod elements 13 are provided, and each rod element 13 is form-fitted into the second mounting element 4 at its top and bottom sides. Again herein, the two rod elements 13 rotate with the drive rod 37, which moves linearly by means of at least one shape memory component 20.

[0128] Figure 24 Another variation of the fifth exemplary implementation is shown, wherein, as in Figure 23 Similarly, interlocking is achieved via four points. In this document, the rotatable rod forms a corresponding rod element 13 and extends along the vertical axis 11 in the held position. In this case, the rod element 13 is form-fitted to the second mounting element 4 at the top and bottom.

[0129] To loosen the connection, two shape memory components 20 are provided for rotating the two rod elements 13.

[0130] As an example of all exemplary implementations, Figure 24 It is illustrated that at least one blocking element 40 may be used in the backplate 1. In the example shown herein, the blocking element 40 is a glass vial filled with fluid, which is broken upon corresponding thermal activation. The blocking element 40 allows the connecting assembly 5, particularly the rod element 13, to be held in a holding position. The blocking of the blocking element 40 is released only when the blocking element 40 is thermally activated, and the connecting assembly 5 can be moved to the release position.

[0131] Figure 25 Another variation of the fifth exemplary embodiment is shown. As illustrated herein, the transmission rod 37 may have a rack. Correspondingly, the rotatable rod element 13 is formed as a gear meshing with the rack. This also allows the linear movement of the transmission rod 37 to be converted into the rotatable motion of the rod element 13.

[0132] Figures 26 to 28 A sixth exemplary embodiment of the backplate 1 is shown: this sixth exemplary embodiment does not provide a separate rod element 13. Instead, the connecting assembly 5 is directly formed into a form-closed assembly 41 by the corresponding shapes of the two mounting elements 3, 4. Figure 26 and Figure 27 As illustrated herein, the form closure assembly 41 includes a plurality of toothed form closure elements between the inner boundary of the substrate 8 and the second mounting element 4, these elements engaging with each other to form the form closure assembly 41.

[0133] Figure 27 The release position is shown, where, with Figure 26 In contrast, the second mounting element 4 moves to the left. This movement is performed by the two shape memory components 20. The two shape memory components 20 are fastened to the second mounting element 4 via their right end parts 22. The left end parts 22 are connected to the right mounting element 3. Thus, when the shape memory element 21 retracts, the second mounting element 4 can move; the first mounting element 3 is securely screwed onto the mounting surface 101.

[0134] The form closure component 41 is configured to release itself during relative movement between the two mounting elements 3 and 4.

[0135] Figure 26 and Figure 27 It also schematically illustrates how a blocking element 40, such as one formed as a glass vial filled with fluid, can prevent the movement or loosening of the connecting assembly 5.

[0136] Figure 28 It is explained that even without the rod element 13, the inclined plane 36 can be used to generate movement of the second mounting element 4 parallel to the mounting axis 2, while releasing the connecting assembly 5 to cause the door actuator 102 to disengage from the mounting surface 101.

[0137] Figure 29 A seventh exemplary embodiment of the backplate 1 is shown. In this seventh exemplary embodiment, the first mounting element 3 is formed as a bend, and the shape memory assembly 20 is configured to deform the first mounting element 3. Figure 29 As illustrated, a shape memory element 21 with two end members 22 is connected to a first mounting element 3. When the length of the shape memory element 21 shortens due to thermal activation, the first mounting element 3 contracts and thus deforms. In this document, the fastening hole 9 is constructed as an elongated oval hole that allows deformation. A form closure assembly 41 is formed between the two mounting elements 3, 4, such that deformation of the first mounting element 3 loosens the form closure assembly 41.

[0138] Figure 30 An eighth exemplary embodiment of the backplate 1 is shown, wherein only details are shown herein. The two mounting elements 3, 4 are again connected to each other via a form closure assembly 41. To facilitate the release of the form closure assembly 41, a rolling body 16 is inserted into the form closure assembly 41 between the two mounting elements 3, 4.

[0139] In the eighth exemplary embodiment, additionally or alternatively, the deformation of the first mounting element 3 is achieved by means of a shape memory assembly 20 having an expansion pad 42. The expansion pad 42 is positioned between the first mounting element 3 and the mounting surface 101 and is made of a thermally expanding material that expands at a corresponding temperature and thus deforms the first mounting element 3.

[0140] Figure 31 and Figure 32 Details that can be implemented in all exemplary embodiments are shown. According to these two figures, a disengagement element 43 is used to charge the door actuator 102 and / or the second mounting element 4 in order to move the door actuator 102 away from the mounting surface 101.

[0141] according to Figure 31 , Figure 32 The detached element 43 forms a spring. Figure 31A leaf spring is shown, which is inserted between the mounting surface 101 and the back plate 1 and thus acts on the second mounting element 4.

[0142] Figure 32 The disengagement element 43, which is an integral spring, is shown bending out of the substrate 8. The spring, which is attached to the substrate 8, acts directly on the door actuator 102.

[0143] Additionally or as an alternative, the elastic release element 43 shown may also be made of a thermally expanding material that expands upon thermal activation and thereby pushes away the second mounting element 4 and / or the door actuator 102.

[0144] List of reference numerals

[0145] 1 back panel

[0146] 2. Install axis

[0147] 3 First mounting element

[0148] 4 Second mounting element

[0149] 5 Connecting Components

[0150] 6 Rear side

[0151] 7. Front side

[0152] 8 substrates

[0153] 9 fastening holes

[0154] 10 Longitudinal axis

[0155] 11 Vertical axis

[0156] 12 Receiving Recess

[0157] 13-bar component

[0158] 14 guide components

[0159] 15 Guide extension

[0160] 16 rolling components

[0161] 17 Shoulders

[0162] 20 shape memory components

[0163] 21 Shape Memory Elements

[0164] 22-end component

[0165] 23 Receiving groove

[0166] 24 receiving forks

[0167] 25 substrate recess

[0168] 30 Bridging section

[0169] 31 Clearance Compensation Spring

[0170] 32 bushing

[0171] 33 Rotary Rod

[0172] 34. Axis of rotation of the rotating rod

[0173] 35 horizontal components

[0174] 36 Inclined plane

[0175] 37 transmission rod

[0176] 38-bar rotation axis

[0177] 39 tapered cam

[0178] 40 blocking elements

[0179] 41-form closed component

[0180] 42 Expansion Pad

[0181] 43 Disengagement Component

[0182] 44mm thickness

[0183] 100 components

[0184] 101 Mounting Surface

[0185] 102-door actuator

[0186] 103 output axis

Claims

1. Back plate (1) for a door actuator (102), the back plate (1) comprising at least one first mounting element (3) and a second mounting element (4), wherein one of the first mounting element and the second mounting element is formed for fastening to a mounting surface (101) and the other is formed for accommodating the door actuator (102), at least one connection assembly (5) which holds the first mounting element (3) and the second mounting element (4) together in a holding position and which does not hold the first mounting element (3) and the second mounting element (4) together in a release position, and at least one shape memory assembly (20) having at least one shape memory element (21) made of a shape memory material, wherein the shape memory assembly (20) moves the connection assembly (5) into the release position upon thermal activation.

2. The backsheet of claim 1, wherein, The shape memory element (21) is a wire or a rod or a spring, wherein the shape memory element changes its length upon thermal activation.

3. The backsheet of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The shape memory element (21) extends at least partially through a receiving groove (23) and / or a circumferentially closed channel, wherein the receiving groove (23) and / or the channel is formed in the first mounting element (3).

4. Back plate according to claim 1, wherein The connection assembly (5) comprises at least one rod element (13) which is movably arranged at the first mounting element (3) and which can be moved from the holding position of the rod element into the release position, and wherein the shape memory assembly (20) moves the rod element (13) into the release position upon thermal activation.

5. The backsheet of claim 4, wherein, At least two counter-acting rod elements (13) are provided, wherein both ends of at least one shape memory assembly are connected to counter-acting rod elements (13) such that at least one shape memory assembly (20) moves both rod elements (13) simultaneously upon thermal activation.

6. The backplane of claim 4, wherein, At least two rod elements (13) are provided, wherein each rod element (13) is provided with at least one suitable shape memory assembly (20), wherein one end of the shape memory assembly (20) is connected to the respective rod element (13) and the other end of the shape memory assembly (20) is connected to the first mounting element (3).

7. The backplane of claim 4, wherein, At least two counter-acting rod elements (13) are provided and at least one shape memory assembly (20) for transferring a force onto both rod elements (13) is provided such that at least one shape memory assembly (20) moves both rod elements (13) simultaneously upon thermal activation.

8. The backsheet of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, At least one rolling body (16) is provided between a rod element (13) and the first mounting element (3) and / or between a rod element (13) and the second mounting element (4).

9. The backsheet of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, The rod element (13) is supported in a linearly movable manner at the first mounting element (3).

10. The backplane of claim 9, wherein, The lever element (13) has at least one guide (14), wherein a guide extension (15) integrally shaped at the first mounting element (3) projects into the guide (14).

11. The backplane of claim 10, wherein, The guide (14) is an oblong guide hole or a guide recess.

12. The backplane of claim 9, wherein, A rotary lever (33) is provided between the lever element (13) and the second mounting element (4).

13. The backsheet of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, The lever element (13) is supported in a rotationally movable manner at the first mounting element (3).

14. The backsheet of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, At least one shape memory component (20) is provided for deforming at least one lever element (13).

15. The backsheet of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein, The lever element (13) is movable on an inclined plane (36) when moved into the release position, such that the lever element (13) moves away for pushing the door actuator (102) away from the mounting surface (101).

16. The backsheet of any of claims 1, 2, and 4 to 7, wherein, The connection component (5) comprises at least one form closure component (41) between the first mounting element (3) and the second mounting element (4), wherein the shape memory component (20) when activated thermally to release the form closure component (41): displaces the second mounting element (4) relative to the first mounting element (3) into the release position, or deforms one of the first mounting element (3) and the second mounting element (4) into the release position.

17. Backplate according to any of the preceding claims 1, 2 and 4 to 7, comprising a detachment element (43) provided for pushing the door actuator (102) away from the mounting surface (101).

18. The backplane of claim 17, wherein, The detachment element (43) has a thermal expansion material and / or a spring.

19. The backsheet according to any of the preceding claims 1, 2 and 4 to 7, wherein, The first mounting element (3) comprises a base plate (8).

20. The backsheet of any of the preceding claims 1, 2, and 4 to 7, wherein, The second mounting element (4) is formed as a plate having a receiving recess (12) for arranging the first mounting element (3) in the second mounting element (4).

21. The backsheet according to any of the preceding claims 1, 2 and 4 to 7, wherein, The backplate (1) has a thickness (44) of at most 6 mm.

22. An assembly (100) comprising a backplate (1) according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 21 and a door actuator (102) fastened to the backplate (1).

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