A type of agricultural machinery operating platform and its field operation method

Abstract

A farm machinery operating platform and its field operation method are disclosed. The farm machinery operating platform has a longitudinal mode and a transverse mode, comprising: a main beam with a box axle connected to its front and rear ends; a cab installed at the front end of the main beam; a traveling device installed on the left and right sides of the box axle, the traveling device including a first slewing mechanism, traveling wheels, a fixed frame, and a drive mechanism, the traveling wheels being connected to the drive mechanism, the drive mechanism being connected to the fixed frame, the fixed frame being connected to the rotating part of the first slewing mechanism, and the connecting part of the first slewing mechanism being connected to the box axle; a power compartment installed at the rear end of the main beam and connected to both the traveling device and the cab; and a mounting device installed on the main beam and connected to the power compartment for connecting implements and enabling the implementation of lifting, lowering, and rotating of the implements. The invention also provides a field operation method for this farm machinery operating platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a high-efficiency agricultural machinery operation platform and its field operation method that can effectively prevent damage to the soil structure in the field. Background Technology

[0002] In the early days of paddy field farming, draft animals were used. The soil structure of paddy fields was loose, with some high-quality soils exhibiting a granular structure, excellent water retention and aeration, making them particularly suitable for crop growth. With the development of agricultural mechanization, large agricultural machinery has gradually replaced draft animals. The widespread use of large agricultural machinery has brought agricultural production to a new level. However, the destructive impact of large agricultural machinery on arable land has also increased. Especially when turning or changing direction in the field, agricultural machinery repeatedly travels and compacts the soil. Statistics show that sowing and harvesting alone compact 20-30% of the soil in the field. In conventional farming, mechanized operations during each crop production process compact at least 50% of the soil, preventing crop roots from penetrating deeply, resulting in weaker protein accumulation and lower protein content in the plants, ultimately affecting normal crop growth and yield.

[0003] With the acceleration of agricultural mechanization, the damage caused to arable land by large agricultural machinery has been gradually recognized. Therefore, how to effectively solve the problem of turning and maneuvering large agricultural machinery in paddy fields, and minimize the damage to the soil structure of paddy fields during agricultural machinery operations, has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an agricultural machinery operation platform and its field operation method, which addresses the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an agricultural machinery operation platform, wherein the agricultural machinery operation platform has a longitudinal mode and a transverse mode, comprising:

[0006] The main beam is connected to a box axle at its front and rear ends.

[0007] The driver's cab is installed at the front end of the main beam;

[0008] The traveling device is installed on the left and right sides of the box axle. The traveling device includes a first slewing mechanism, traveling wheels, a fixed frame and a drive mechanism. The traveling wheels are connected to the drive mechanism, the drive mechanism is connected to the fixed frame, the fixed frame is connected to the rotating part of the first slewing mechanism, and the connecting part of the first slewing mechanism is connected to the box axle.

[0009] The power compartment is installed at the rear end of the main beam and is connected to both the traveling gear and the driver's cab; and

[0010] The mounting device is installed on the main beam and connected to the power compartment, and is used to connect the working tools and realize the lifting and rotation of the working tools.

[0011] The aforementioned agricultural machinery operating platform includes a mounting device comprising a guide tube, a lifting tube, a first hydraulic cylinder, and a second slewing mechanism. The guide tube is connected to the main beam, and the axis of the guide tube is perpendicular to the main beam. The lifting tube is fitted inside the guide tube and slides up and down along the guide tube. The bottom of the lifting tube is connected to the second slewing mechanism. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the guide tube, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lifting tube.

[0012] In the aforementioned agricultural machinery operating platform, the cab includes a driver's compartment and a third slewing mechanism, the third slewing mechanism being connected to the main beam, and the slewing part of the second slewing mechanism being connected to the bottom of the driver's compartment.

[0013] In the aforementioned agricultural machinery operating platform, during the longitudinal travel mode, the cab faces forward longitudinally, the travel wheels of the travel device are all longitudinal, the drive mechanism of the travel device drives the corresponding travel wheels to realize the machine's forward, backward, and braking functions, and the first slewing mechanism of the front travel device along the machine's travel direction controls the machine's steering.

[0014] In the aforementioned agricultural machinery operating platform, during the lateral movement mode, the third slewing mechanism adjusts the cab to rotate 90° in the direction of travel to switch to lateral movement, the first slewing mechanism drives the corresponding walking wheels to rotate 90° to switch to lateral movement, the drive mechanism drives the corresponding walking wheels to realize the machine's forward, backward, and braking movements, and the first slewing mechanism of the front walking device along the direction of travel controls the machine's steering.

[0015] In the aforementioned agricultural machinery operating platform, the box-type axle is connected to the main beam via a fixed shaft. Second hydraulic cylinders for left-right balance adjustment are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the box-type axle. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the box-type axle, and the other end is connected to the main beam.

[0016] The aforementioned agricultural machinery operation platform includes rice transplanters, seeders, plant protection equipment, and fertilizer applicators.

[0017] The aforementioned agricultural machinery operating platform also includes a remote control for switching between the longitudinal and transverse modes.

[0018] To better achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a field operation method for an agricultural machinery operation platform, wherein the field operation using the above-mentioned agricultural machinery operation platform includes the following steps:

[0019] S100: The machine travels in longitudinal mode on the farm road to reach the designated plot of land.

[0020] S200, switch to lateral mode, the whole machine drives into the field, the first hydraulic cylinder extends to lower the working implement, and the field operation begins;

[0021] S300: After arriving at the field, the first hydraulic cylinder lifts the working implements, and the whole machine travels onto the farm road;

[0022] S400, switch to longitudinal mode, the whole machine moves horizontally by the width of one machine position on the tillage road;

[0023] S500, switch to horizontal mode, the second slewing mechanism drives the work implement to rotate 180° to change the working direction, the whole machine travels into the field, the first hydraulic cylinder lowers the work implement for field work; and

[0024] S600, repeat steps S300-S500 until all operations on the entire plot are completed.

[0025] In the above-mentioned field operation method of agricultural machinery operation platform, in the longitudinal mode, the cab faces forward longitudinally, the walking wheels of the walking device are all longitudinal, the drive mechanism of the walking device drives the corresponding walking wheels to realize the machine's forward, backward and braking, and the first slewing mechanism of the front walking device along the machine's direction of travel controls the machine's steering.

[0026] In the lateral mode, the third slewing mechanism adjusts the cockpit to rotate 90° in the direction of travel to switch to lateral mode, and the first slewing mechanism drives the corresponding walking wheels to rotate 90° to switch to lateral mode. The drive mechanism drives the corresponding walking wheels to realize the machine's forward, backward and braking. The first slewing mechanism of the front walking device along the direction of travel controls the machine's steering.

[0027] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0028] This invention is easy to operate and highly efficient. It can be equipped with various implements such as rice transplanters, sowers, plant protection machines, and fertilizers, greatly improving operational efficiency. The cab can be adjusted according to the driving mode, ensuring that the driver's operating direction is consistent with the platform's travel direction, making it easier for operators. The front and rear box-type axles, with the help of second hydraulic cylinders on both sides, can effectively prevent wheel slippage. It can achieve longitudinal overall displacement on the tillage road, wide-area operation and movement between crops in the field, and the working direction of the implements can be adjusted with the overall machine's travel direction. Through the reasonable switching between longitudinal and lateral driving modes and the lifting and rotation of the attachment device, the entire field can be completed without turning around or changing direction in the field, greatly reducing the damage to the soil structure during agricultural machinery operations and solving the problem of crop yield reduction.

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an agricultural machinery operation platform structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a walking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hanging device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and lowering of the attachment device for the work implement according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting device of an embodiment of the present invention, showing the rotation of the work implement.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cab structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal mode of an agricultural machinery operation platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal movement mode of an agricultural machinery operation platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Among them, the attached reference numerals

[0039] 1 main beam

[0040] 2 driver's cab

[0041] 21 Cockpit

[0042] 22 Third Rotary Mechanism

[0043] 3 Power compartment

[0044] 4-box axle

[0045] 41 Fixed Shaft

[0046] 42 Second oil cylinder

[0047] 5. Walking device

[0048] 51 walking wheels

[0049] 52 Fixtures

[0050] 53 First Rotary Mechanism

[0051] 54 drive mechanism

[0052] 6. Hanging device

[0053] 61 guide tube

[0054] 62 riser pipe

[0055] 63 Second Rotary Mechanism

[0056] 64 First oil cylinder

[0057] 7 Working tools

[0058] The lifting height of the L-mount device Detailed Implementation

[0059] The structural and working principles of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0060] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an agricultural machinery operation platform structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2This is a cross-sectional view of the traveling device 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The agricultural machinery operating platform of the present invention has a longitudinal mode and a transverse mode, comprising: a main beam 1, with a box axle 4 connected to its front and rear ends respectively; a cab 2, installed at the front end of the main beam 1; and traveling devices 5, respectively installed on the left and right sides of the box axle 4. The traveling device 5 includes a first slewing mechanism 53, traveling wheels 51, a fixed frame 52, and a drive mechanism 54. The traveling wheels 51 are connected to the drive mechanism 54, and the drive mechanism 54 is connected to the fixed frame 52. The fixed frame 52 is connected to the rotating part of the first slewing mechanism 53. The connection is as follows: the connecting part of the first slewing mechanism 53 is connected to the box axle 4; each traveling wheel 51 has an independent drive mechanism 54 and a first slewing mechanism 53, which can be independently controlled. Through different combinations of the actions between the traveling wheels 51, the whole machine can achieve multiple steering and driving modes; the power compartment 3 is installed at the rear end of the main beam 1 and is connected to the traveling device 5 and the cab 2 respectively; and the mounting device 6 is installed on the main beam 1 and connected to the power compartment 3, used to connect the working implement 7 and realize the lifting and rotation of the working implement 7. The mounting device 6 is a universal interface, and the working implement 7 may include rice transplanter, seeder, plant protection implement, and fertilizer implement, etc., realizing multi-purpose use and improving production efficiency.

[0061] This embodiment may also include a remote control for switching between the longitudinal and transverse modes. The box axle 4 is connected to the main beam 1 via a fixed shaft 41. Second hydraulic cylinders 42 for left and right balance adjustment are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the box axle 4. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder 42 is connected to the box axle 4, and the other end is connected to the main beam 1. When the machine traverses uneven road conditions, the pressure balance adjustment of the rod-side and rodless chambers of the second hydraulic cylinders 42 on both sides causes the second hydraulic cylinders 42 to extend or retract, allowing the box axle 4 to swing within a certain range around the fixed shaft 41, effectively preventing wheel slippage.

[0062] See Figures 3-5 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hanging device 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and lowering of the attachment device 6 carrying the working tool 7 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the mounting device 6 and the work implement 7 rotating according to an embodiment of the present invention. The mounting device 6 includes a guide tube 61, a lifting tube 62, a first hydraulic cylinder 64, and a second rotation mechanism 63. The guide tube 61 is connected to the main beam 1, and the axis of the guide tube 61 is perpendicular to the main beam 1. The lifting tube 62 is fitted inside the guide tube 61 and slides up and down along the guide tube 61. The bottom of the lifting tube 62 is connected to the second rotation mechanism 63. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 64 is connected to the guide tube 61, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder 64 is connected to the lifting tube 62. The mounting device 6 enables the mounted work implement 7 to achieve lifting and rotation functions. Figure 4 L in the middle represents the height that the mounting device 6 can be raised or lowered. During operation, the direction of the working tool 7 can be adjusted according to the direction of travel of the whole machine to ensure that the working tool 7 is consistent with the direction of travel of the whole machine.

[0063] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cab 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cab 2 includes a driver's compartment 21 and a third slewing mechanism 22. The third slewing mechanism 22 is connected to the main beam 1, and the slewing part of the second slewing mechanism 63 is connected to the bottom of the driver's compartment 21. This allows the driver's compartment 21 to rotate as a whole, ensuring that the operator's operating direction is consistent with the moving direction of the work platform during operation, facilitating operator control.

[0064] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal movement mode of an agricultural machinery operating platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the longitudinal movement mode, the cab 21 faces forward longitudinally, and the four wheels 51 of the four walking devices 5 are all longitudinal. The four drive mechanisms 54 drive the corresponding wheels 51 to realize the forward, backward and braking of the whole machine. The first slewing mechanism 53 of the front walking device 5 along the direction of the whole machine's movement controls the steering of the whole machine, that is, the first two first slewing mechanisms 53 in the direction of movement are responsible for the steering of the whole machine.

[0065] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal movement mode of an agricultural machinery operating platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the horizontal movement mode, the third slewing mechanism 22 adjusts the cab 21 to rotate 90° in the direction of travel to switch to a horizontal position. The four first slewing mechanisms 53 respectively drive the four corresponding walking wheels 51 to rotate 90° to switch to a horizontal position. When traveling, the four drive mechanisms 54 respectively drive the corresponding walking wheels 51 to realize the machine's forward, backward, and braking movements. The first slewing mechanism 53 of the front walking device 5 along the direction of travel controls the machine's steering, that is, the first two first slewing mechanisms 53 in the direction of travel are responsible for the machine's steering.

[0066] The field operation method of this agricultural machinery platform includes the following steps:

[0067] Step S100: The machine travels in longitudinal mode on the farm road to reach the designated plot of land.

[0068] Step S200: Switch to lateral mode, drive the machine into the field, extend the first hydraulic cylinder 64 to lower the work implement 7, and begin field operations;

[0069] Step S300: After arriving at the field, the first hydraulic cylinder 64 retracts to lift the work implement 7, and the whole machine travels onto the farm road;

[0070] Step S400: Switch to longitudinal mode and move the entire machine horizontally along the tillage path by the width of one machine position.

[0071] Step S500: Switch to horizontal mode. The second slewing mechanism 63 drives the work implement 7 to rotate 180°, changing the work direction. The entire machine travels into the field, and the first hydraulic cylinder 64 extends to lower the work implement 7, which then begins its return to the field for further work.

[0072] Step S600, repeat steps S300-S500 until all operations on the entire plot are completed.

[0073] In the longitudinal mode, the cockpit 21 faces forward longitudinally, and the wheels 51 of the walking device 5 are all longitudinal. The drive mechanism 54 of the walking device 5 drives the corresponding wheels 51 to achieve forward, backward, and braking of the whole machine. The first slewing mechanism 53 of the front walking device 5 along the direction of travel of the whole machine controls the steering of the whole machine. In the transverse mode, the third slewing mechanism 22 adjusts the cockpit 21 to rotate 90° in the direction of travel to switch to transverse mode. The first slewing mechanism 53 drives the corresponding wheels 51 to rotate 90° to switch to transverse mode. The drive mechanism 54 drives the corresponding wheels 51 to achieve forward, backward, and braking of the whole machine. The first slewing mechanism 53 of the front walking device 5 along the direction of travel of the whole machine controls the steering of the whole machine.

[0074] The present invention features four sets of walking devices 5, each with an independent rotation and drive unit. Through different combinations of movements between the walking wheels 51, the machine can achieve autonomous multi-directional steering and driving modes, enabling it to move in a straight line between crop rows in the field and shift as a whole on the tillage path. The attachment device 6 can realize the lifting and rotation of the implements 7, and can carry various implements 7 such as rice transplanters, sowers, plant protection, and fertilizers. The direction of the implements can be adjusted according to the direction of the machine's movement, so that the driver's control direction is consistent with the direction of the machine's movement. The machine can perform reciprocating operations and can shift longitudinally on the tillage path during operation, moving wide between crops in the field. The direction of the implements can be adjusted with the direction of the machine's movement, eliminating the need for turning around in the field during operation. This effectively reduces the damage to the soil structure and crop yield reduction caused by frequent turning around during agricultural machinery operations in the field. It can carry multiple implements 7, achieving multi-purpose use and improving work efficiency, which can better meet the needs of agricultural production.

[0075] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An agricultural machinery operating platform, characterized in that, The agricultural machinery operation platform has a longitudinal mode and a transverse mode, including: The main beam is connected to a box axle at its front and rear ends. The driver's cab is installed at the front end of the main beam; The traveling device is installed on the left and right sides of the box axle. The traveling device includes a first slewing mechanism, traveling wheels, a fixed frame and a drive mechanism. The traveling wheels are connected to the drive mechanism, the drive mechanism is connected to the fixed frame, the fixed frame is connected to the rotating part of the first slewing mechanism, and the connecting part of the first slewing mechanism is connected to the box axle. The power compartment is installed at the rear end of the main beam and is connected to both the running gear and the driver's cab; and A mounting device is installed on the main beam and connected to the power compartment, used to connect the working tools and realize the lifting and rotation of the working tools; The mounting device includes a guide tube, a lifting tube, a first hydraulic cylinder, and a second rotary mechanism. The guide tube is connected to the main beam and its axis is perpendicular to the main beam. The lifting tube is fitted inside the guide tube and slides up and down along the guide tube. The bottom of the lifting tube is connected to the second rotary mechanism. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the guide tube, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lifting tube. The driver's cab includes a driver's compartment and a third slewing mechanism, the third slewing mechanism being connected to the main beam, and the slewing part of the second slewing mechanism being connected to the bottom of the driver's compartment; The box axle is connected to the main beam via a fixed axle. The left and right sides of the box axle are respectively provided with second hydraulic cylinders for left and right balance adjustment. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the box axle, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main beam.

2. The agricultural machinery operation platform as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the longitudinal mode, the cockpit faces forward longitudinally, the wheels of the walking device are all longitudinal, the drive mechanism of the walking device drives the corresponding wheels to realize the machine's forward, backward and braking, and the first slewing mechanism of the front walking device along the machine's direction of travel controls the machine's steering.

3. The agricultural machinery operation platform as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the lateral mode, the third slewing mechanism adjusts the cockpit to rotate 90° in the direction of travel to switch to lateral mode, and the first slewing mechanism drives the corresponding walking wheels to rotate 90° to switch to lateral mode. The drive mechanism drives the corresponding walking wheels to realize the machine's forward, backward and braking. The first slewing mechanism of the front walking device along the direction of travel controls the machine's steering.

4. The agricultural machinery operation platform as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The operating equipment includes rice transplanters, seeders, plant protection equipment, and fertilizer applicators.

5. The agricultural machinery operation platform as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a remote control for switching between the portrait and landscape modes.

6. A field operation method for an agricultural machinery operating platform, characterized in that, The following steps are included when using the agricultural machinery operation platform according to any one of claims 1-5 for field operations: S100: The machine travels in longitudinal mode on the farm road to reach the designated plot of land. S200, switch to lateral mode, the whole machine drives into the field, the first hydraulic cylinder extends to lower the working implements, and the field operation begins; S300: After arriving at the field, the first hydraulic cylinder lifts the working implements, and the whole machine travels onto the farm road; S400, switch to longitudinal mode, the whole machine moves horizontally on the farm road by the width of one machine position; S500, switch to horizontal mode, the second slewing mechanism drives the work implement to rotate 180° to change the working direction, the whole machine travels into the field, the first hydraulic cylinder lowers the work implement for field work; and S600, repeat steps S300-S500 until all operations on the entire plot are completed.

7. The field operation method of the agricultural machinery operation platform as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In the longitudinal mode, the cockpit faces forward longitudinally, the wheels of the walking device are all longitudinal, the drive mechanism of the walking device drives the corresponding wheels to realize the machine's forward, backward and braking, and the first slewing mechanism of the front walking device along the machine's direction of travel controls the machine's steering. In the lateral mode, the third slewing mechanism adjusts the cockpit to rotate 90° in the direction of travel to switch to lateral mode, and the first slewing mechanism drives the corresponding walking wheels to rotate 90° to switch to lateral mode. The drive mechanism drives the corresponding walking wheels to realize the machine's forward, backward and braking. The first slewing mechanism of the front walking device along the direction of travel controls the machine's steering.

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