A construction formwork structure for the invert of a tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a construction formwork structure for the invert of a tunnel, which includes a middle section of the invert, filling side formwork, and invert formwork. The first end of the invert formwork is connected to the first side end of the middle section of the invert; the first end of the filling side formwork is connected to the connection between the invert formwork and the middle section of the invert, and the filling side formwork is integrally connected to the invert formwork; the first end of the filling side formwork is respectively communicated with the first end of the invert formwork and the first side end of the middle section of the invert. The technical solution of the present invention can ensure the quality of the pouring construction and improve the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel invert structures, and particularly relates to a tunnel invert construction formwork structure. Background Technique

[0002] In recent years, many collapse accidents have occurred during tunnel construction at home and abroad, causing significant casualties and property losses. Investigation and statistics show that the main reasons for these accidents are improper initial support of the tunnel and the failure to promptly follow up subsequent processes such as the invert and secondary lining. To ensure the safety of railway tunnel construction, the Ministry of Railways has imposed increasingly strict requirements on the distance between the invert and the heading face. The "Safety Technical Regulations for Railway Tunnel Engineering Construction" (TB10304 - 2009) stipulates that in grade III surrounding rock, the distance between the invert and the heading face shall not exceed 90 m, in grade IV surrounding rock shall not exceed 50 m, and in grade V and above surrounding rock shall not exceed 40 m. The "Notice of the Ministry of Railways on Further Clarifying the Relevant Technical Regulations for the Design and Construction of Railway Tunnels in Soft Surrounding Rock and Adverse Geological Conditions" (Railway Construction

[2010] No. 120) further makes mandatory regulations on the distance between the tunnel excavation heading face and the invert and secondary lining: After tunnel excavation, the initial support shall be promptly constructed and closed into a ring. For grade IV, V, and VI surrounding rock, the closing position of the invert shall not be more than 35 m from the heading face; for grade IV surrounding rock, the distance between the secondary lining and the heading face shall not be more than 90 m; for grade V and VI surrounding rock, the distance between the secondary lining and the heading face shall not be more than 70 m. And in current tunnel construction, due to the lack of ideal supporting equipment and construction technology, it is difficult to guarantee the quality and progress of invert construction, and the cost is also relatively high.

[0003] Therefore, most of the existing invert construction structures have a long formwork support time in the tunnel and consume a large amount of formwork support steel bars, and can only pour the invert part with low pouring quality, resulting in low construction efficiency and greatly affecting economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to propose a tunnel invert construction formwork structure, aiming to ensure the quality of pouring construction and improve construction efficiency.

[0005] The above problems to be solved by the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A tunnel invert construction formwork structure includes an invert middle section, filling side formwork, and invert formwork. The first end of the invert formwork is connected to the first side end of the invert middle section; the first end of the filling side formwork is connected to the connection part between the invert formwork and the invert middle section, and the filling side formwork is integrally connected with the invert formwork; the first end of the filling side formwork is respectively communicated with the first end of the invert formwork and the first side end of the invert middle section.

[0007] Preferably, the invert formwork includes an end formwork body and an invert side wall body. The first end of the end formwork body is integrally connected and communicated with the first end of the invert side wall body, and the second end of the end formwork body is integrally connected and communicated with the first end of the filling side formwork.

[0008] Preferably, the tunnel invert construction formwork structure further includes at least two positioning steel bars, which are connected between the end formwork body and the filling side formwork, and / or the positioning steel bars are connected between the end formwork body and the invert side wall body.

[0009] Preferably, transverse construction notches are respectively provided between the end formwork body and the filling side formwork and between the end formwork body and the invert side wall body.

[0010] Preferably, at least two pouring operation windows are provided on the invert side wall body, and the pouring operation windows are used for pouring concrete.

[0011] Preferably, the filling side formwork includes a first side form and a second side form. The first side form and the second side form are arranged side by side, and a first pouring inner cavity is formed between the first side form and the second side form;

[0012] And / or, the invert formwork includes a first top form and a first bottom form. The first top form and the first bottom form are arranged side by side, and a second pouring inner cavity is formed between the first top form and the first bottom form.

[0013] Preferably, the first pouring inner cavity is communicated with the second pouring inner cavity, and the first pouring inner cavity and the second pouring inner cavity are used for pouring a concrete layer.

[0014] Preferably, the tunnel invert construction formwork structure further includes formwork strengthening members, which are used to strengthen and fix the filling side formwork and the invert formwork.

[0015] Preferably, the formwork strengthening members include filling side form strengthening members and invert strengthening members. The invert strengthening members are connected to the lower end of the filling side form strengthening members; and the side ends of the invert strengthening members are attached and connected to the side ends of the invert formwork, and the filling side form strengthening members are respectively attached and connected to the side ends of the filling side formwork and the top of the invert formwork.

[0016] Preferably, the middle section of the invert includes at least two layers of rigid skeletons and vertical anchor piles. The sides of the vertical anchor piles are integrally connected with the rigid skeletons;

[0017] The rigid skeleton includes at least two X-axis steel bars arranged side by side and at least two Y-axis steel bars arranged side by side. The X-axis steel bars are connected with the Y-axis steel bars.

[0018] Beneficial effects: In the technical solution of the present invention, the filling side formwork and the invert formwork are connected as a whole, and after being processed integrally, they are hoisted, so as to achieve one-time formwork erection. And there are as few formwork joints as possible after forming, while reducing the generation of construction waste, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure, ensuring the quality of subsequent pouring construction, effectively shortening the construction time, and improving the construction efficiency. Also, by connecting and communicating the middle section of the invert and the filling side formwork for installation, the smoothness of the pouring construction can be ensured, effectively shortening the operation time of the invert and filling, reducing the labor intensity, and improving the construction efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a tunnel invert construction formwork structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a partial structural diagram of the invert formwork and the filling side formwork of an embodiment of a tunnel invert construction formwork structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of an embodiment of a tunnel invert construction formwork structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a tunnel invert construction formwork structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a tunnel invert construction formwork structure of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0026] Label Name Label Name 1 Filling side formwork 10 First casting inner cavity 11 First reinforced I-beam 2 Inverted arch formwork 20 Transverse construction notch 21 End formwork body 22 Inverted arch side wall 24 Second reinforced I-beam 25 Positioning steel bar 3 Concrete layer 5 Formwork strengthening member 51 Filling side formwork strengthening member 511 First strengthening straight plate 512 Second strengthening straight plate 513 Strengthening inclined plate 52 Inverted arch strengthening member 6 Tunnel karst body 7 Inverted arch middle section Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present invention, then such directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0029] In addition, if there are descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. involved in the embodiments of the present invention, then such descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears throughout the text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, or solution B, or the solution where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0030] The present invention provides a tunnel invert construction formwork structure.

[0031] As Figure 1-2 shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the tunnel invert construction formwork structure includes an invert middle section 7, a filling side formwork 1, and an invert formwork 2. The first end of the invert formwork 2 is connected to the first side end of the invert middle section 7. The first end of the filling side formwork 1 is connected to the connection part between the invert formwork 2 and the invert middle section 7, and the filling side formwork 1 is integrally connected to the invert formwork 2. The first end of the filling side formwork 1 is respectively communicated with the first end of the invert formwork 2 and the first side end of the invert middle section 7.

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention connects the filling side formwork and the invert formwork into a whole, processes them as a whole and then hoists them, so as to achieve one-time formwork support. After forming, there are as few formwork joints as possible, and at the same time, the generation of construction waste is reduced, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure, ensuring the quality of subsequent pouring construction, effectively shortening the construction time, and improving the construction efficiency. It also ensures the smoothness of pouring construction through the connection and communication installation of the invert middle section and the filling side formwork, effectively shortens the operation time of the invert and filling, reduces the labor intensity, and improves the construction efficiency.

[0033] Among them, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and 2As shown, two inverted arch formworks 2 are selected, and at least four filling side formworks 1 are selected. The inverted arch formworks 2 are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the middle section 7 of the inverted arch; the filling side formworks 1 are equidistantly distributed between the inverted arch formworks 2 and the middle section 7 of the inverted arch, and the filling side formworks 1 and the inverted arch formworks 2 are integrally and fixedly formed; the inverted arch formworks 2 are used to be installed and connected to the inner side wall of the tunnel karst cave body 6; the middle section 7 of the inverted arch is used to be installed and connected to the inner bottom of the tunnel karst cave body 6.

[0034] Among them, in some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, at least two first reinforcing I-beams 11 are fixed on the first side surface of the filling side formwork 1; at least two second reinforcing I-beams 24 are fixed on the first side surface of the inverted arch formwork 2.

[0035] Among them, in some embodiments, as Figure 2-3 shown, the filling side formwork 1 includes a first side form and a second side form. The first side form and the second side form are arranged side by side, and a first pouring cavity 10 is formed between the first side form and the second side form;

[0036] The inverted arch formwork 2 includes a first top form and a first bottom form. The first top form and the first bottom form are arranged side by side, and a second pouring cavity 23 is formed between the first top form and the first bottom form;

[0037] The first pouring cavity 10 and the second pouring cavity 23 communicate with each other, and the first pouring cavity 10 and the second pouring cavity 23 are used for pouring the concrete layer 3. This ensures the smoothness of pouring.

[0038] Among them, in some embodiments, the first side form and the second side form, as well as the first top form and the first bottom form, each include at least two laterally distributed transverse steel bars and at least two longitudinally distributed longitudinal steel bars, and the transverse steel bars and the longitudinal steel bars are connected to each other; that is to say, the longitudinal steel bars and the transverse steel bars are alternately distributed to form a grid-like structure. This ensures the structural stability of the pouring.

[0039] Among them, in some embodiments, as Figure 4-5 shown, the tunnel inverted arch construction formwork structure further includes a formwork strengthening member 5, and the formwork strengthening member 5 is used to strengthen and fix the filling side formwork 1 and the inverted arch formwork 2. Among them, in some embodiments, the formwork strengthening member 5 is used to simultaneously strengthen and fix the filling side formwork 1 and the inverted arch formwork 2; at least three formwork strengthening members 5 are selected and are equidistantly distributed; among them, the equidistant spacing L1 is 50 - 100 cm.

[0040] Among them, in some embodiments, as Figure 5As shown, the formwork stiffener 5 includes a filling side formwork stiffener 51 and an invert stiffener 52. The invert stiffener 52 is connected to the lower end of the filling side formwork stiffener 51. And the side end of the invert stiffener 52 is fitted and connected to the side end of the invert formwork 2, and the filling side formwork stiffener 51 is respectively fitted and connected to the side end of the filling side formwork 1 and the top of the invert formwork 2.

[0041] Among them, as Figure 5 shown, the filling side formwork stiffener 51 includes a first stiffening straight plate 511, a second stiffening straight plate 512 and a stiffening inclined plate 513. The second stiffening straight plate 512 is connected to the bottom of the first stiffening straight plate 511, and both ends of the stiffening inclined plate 513 are respectively connected to the adjacent two side surfaces of the first stiffening straight plate 511 and the second stiffening straight plate 512. And the first stiffening straight plate 511 is fitted and connected to the side end of the filling side formwork 1, and the second stiffening straight plate 512 is fitted and connected to the top of the invert formwork 2.

[0042] Specifically, in some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the invert formwork 2 includes an end formwork body 21 and an invert side wall body 22. The first end of the end formwork body 21 is integrally connected and communicated with the first end of the invert side wall body 22, and the second end of the end formwork body 21 is integrally connected and communicated with the first end of the filling side formwork 1.

[0043] Pouring process: Pour the pouring concrete from the filling side formwork so that the pouring concrete is poured into the inside of the middle section of the invert. When the concrete pouring in the middle section of the invert is completed and the concrete contacts or approaches the end formwork body, stop pouring into the filling side formwork. Pour the pouring concrete from the invert side wall body to realize the pouring of the inside of the end formwork body and the inside of the invert side wall body in sequence. Since the middle section of the invert is an invert middle section with a large arc radius and the slope is gentle during the pouring process, it can be poured from the middle to both sides by the method of natural spreading of the concrete. When pouring to the end formwork body, change to pour from the invert side wall body to complete the pouring of the invert concrete at one time.

[0044] Specifically, in some embodiments, as Figure 3As shown, the tunnel invert construction formwork structure further includes at least two positioning steel bars 25, and the positioning steel bars 25 are respectively connected between the end formwork body 21 and the filling side formwork 1 and between the end formwork body 21 and the invert side wall 22. Among them, in some embodiments, the positioning steel bar 25 includes a first positioning steel bar and a second positioning steel bar. The first positioning steel bar is located between the invert side wall and the end formwork body; the second positioning steel bar is located between the filling side formwork and the end formwork body. This ensures the smoothness and stability of the assembly between the end formwork body, the invert side wall, and the filling side formwork, and improves the construction efficiency.

[0045] That is to say, seamless steel bars (with a diameter equal to the thickness of the invert lining steel bar protection layer) are arranged on the outside of the formwork, temporary equal division points (at the same spacing as the lining steel bars) are set on the steel bars, and the lining steel bars are evenly tied to the steel pipes through binding wires, so that the spacing of the lining steel bars, the control of the protection layer thickness, and the radian meet the design and specification requirements.

[0046] Specifically, in some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, transverse construction notches 20 are respectively provided between the end formwork body 21 and the filling side formwork 1 and between the end formwork body 21 and the invert side wall 22. Among them, in some embodiments, the width of the transverse construction notch 20 is greater than 50 cm; among them, in some embodiments, the width of the transverse construction notch 20 is greater than 50 cm and less than 100 cm; the transverse construction notch within a reasonable range can form a corresponding suitable transverse construction joint during the pouring process, thereby ensuring the structural stability between each section of the formwork, and further ensuring the construction quality and construction efficiency.

[0047] On the premise of meeting the requirements of layered construction and the transverse construction joints of each structural layer being offset by more than 50 cm, the invert and filling end formworks are connected into a whole, and the formwork is formed at one time, which can greatly shorten the process intermittent time.

[0048] Specifically, in some embodiments, at least two pouring operation windows are provided on the invert side wall 22, and the pouring operation windows are used for pouring concrete. At least four pouring operation windows are additionally provided along the width direction of the invert side wall, and then the concrete is poured into the end formwork body and the inside of the invert side wall respectively through the pouring operation windows. Among them, in some embodiments, the concrete is poured into the pouring operation windows at the same time, which can further better solve the problem that the concrete within the width range of the arc formwork cannot be vibrated and will affect the pouring quality, can completely overcome the defect that the concrete cannot be vibrated, avoid honeycombing and pitting caused by missed vibration, and ensure the internal solid and external beauty of the concrete.

[0049] Specifically, in some embodiments, the middle section 7 of the inverted arch includes at least two layers of rigid skeletons and vertical anchor piles, and the vertical anchor piles are respectively connected to the rigid skeletons as a whole; the rigid skeletons include at least two X-axis steel bars distributed side by side and at least two Y-axis steel bars distributed side by side, and the X-axis steel bars are connected to the Y-axis steel bars; that is to say, the Y-axis steel bars and the X-axis steel bars are distributed in a staggered manner to form a grid-like structure.

[0050] That is to say, as a form of steel structure construction, the construction formwork of the tunnel inverted arch pre-assembles the filling side formwork, the end formwork body and the inverted arch side wall body with section steel as a whole. The vertical anchor pile is used as a tension member. During the construction process, the concrete flow load is transmitted to the rigid skeleton through the formwork panel, and then transmitted from the rigid skeleton to the vertical anchor pile, and finally transmitted from the vertical anchor pile to the already constructed side wall steel frame or the bottom tunnel karst cave body to form a complete force system to ensure that the formwork does not shift, thereby realizing the rapid construction of the inverted arch.

[0051] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction formwork structure for the invert of a tunnel, characterized in that, It includes the middle segment of the inverted arch, the filling side formwork, and the inverted arch formwork. The first end of the inverted arch formwork is connected to the first side end of the middle segment of the inverted arch; the first end of the filling side formwork is connected at the joint between the inverted arch formwork and the middle segment of the inverted arch, and the filling side formwork is integrally connected to the inverted arch formwork; the first end of the filling side formwork is respectively communicated with the first end of the inverted arch formwork and the first side end of the middle segment of the inverted arch. The inverted arch formwork includes an end formwork body and an inverted arch side wall body. The first end of the end formwork body is integrally connected and communicated with the first end of the inverted arch side wall body, and the second end of the end formwork body is integrally connected and communicated with the first end of the filling side formwork. The filling side formwork includes a first side form and a second side form. The first side form and the second side form are arranged side by side and a first pouring cavity is formed between the first side form and the second side form; and / or, the inverted arch formwork includes a first top form and a first bottom form. The first top form and the first bottom form are arranged side by side and a second pouring cavity is formed between the first top form and the first bottom form. The middle segment of the inverted arch includes at least two layers of rigid skeletons and vertical anchoring piles. The side surface of the vertical anchoring pile is integrally connected to the rigid skeleton; the rigid skeleton includes at least two X-axis steel bars arranged in parallel and at least two Y-axis steel bars arranged in parallel, and the X-axis steel bars are connected to the Y-axis steel bars.

2. The tunnel invert construction formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel inverted arch construction formwork structure further includes at least two positioning steel bars. The positioning steel bars are connected between the end formwork body and the filling side formwork, and / or the positioning steel bars are connected between the end formwork body and the inverted arch side wall body.

3. A formwork structure for tunnel invert construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Transverse construction notches are respectively provided between the end formwork body and the filling side formwork and between the end formwork body and the inverted arch side wall body.

4. A formwork structure for tunnel invert construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least two pouring operation windows are provided on the inverted arch side wall body, and the pouring operation windows are used for pouring concrete.

5. The tunnel invert construction formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pouring cavity is communicated with the second pouring cavity, and the first pouring cavity and the second pouring cavity are used for pouring concrete layers.

6. The structure of a tunnel invert construction formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel inverted arch construction formwork structure further includes formwork strengthening members, and the formwork strengthening members are used for strengthening and fixing the filling side formwork and the inverted arch formwork.

7. The tunnel invert construction formwork structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The formwork strengthening members include filling side form strengthening members and inverted arch strengthening members. The inverted arch strengthening members are connected to the lower end of the filling side form strengthening members; and the side end of the inverted arch strengthening members is attached and connected to the side end of the inverted arch formwork, and the filling side form strengthening members are respectively attached and connected to the side end of the filling side formwork and the top of the inverted arch formwork.

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