An intelligent monitoring device and monitoring method for power transformers used in distribution network substations

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of transformer monitoring devices, specifically to an intelligent monitoring device and monitoring method for power transformers used in power distribution network substations, comprising a support platform, wherein a transformer body is fixedly connected to the right side of the upper end surface of the support platform, an oil tank is fixedly connected to the upper left end of the transformer body, and the lower end of the oil tank is connected to the interior of the transformer body through an oil inlet pipe; a monitoring mechanism is provided on the front side of the oil tank, and the insulating oil in the oil tank is monitored by the monitoring mechanism; an oil drain pipe is connected to the lower right end of the transformer, and a solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the oil drain pipe. In the intelligent monitoring device and monitoring method for power transformers used in power distribution network substations, when the oil level in the upper oil tank is too low, the magnet on the U-shaped body contacts the lower iron block under the drive of the float and connects the motor power supply, thereby generating a centrifugal force by driving the impeller to rotate through the television to transport the insulating oil in the oil storage cabinet to the oil tank for replenishment of the insulating oil, thereby avoiding manual refueling and saving manpower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transformer monitoring devices, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring device and a monitoring method for a power transformer used in a distribution network substation. Background Art

[0002] Power transformers are core equipment in power grid systems, and their safe and stable operation is essential for reliable power supply. Oil level is a key parameter in determining whether a transformer can operate safely and stably. A low oil level can lead to a risk of insufficient oil, while an excessively high oil level can cause an oil spill. Therefore, accurate monitoring of the transformer's oil level is crucial.

[0003] In the prior art, an oil pillow is usually installed outside the transformer oil tank. When the oil level in the oil pillow changes, the oil filling pipe of the oil tank is opened to add oil to the oil tank. When the oil level is too high, the oil drain pipe is opened to drain the oil, thereby preventing accidents caused by too little or too much insulating oil in the transformer.

[0004] This monitoring method requires constant attention to the changes in the liquid level in the oil pillow, and manual refueling or draining of oil is required, which is not only labor-intensive but also has low work efficiency. Especially in the hot summer weather, transformers are mostly installed outdoors, which increases the temperature of the internal insulating oil, increases the oil tank pressure, and continuously increases the oil level. In order to prevent oil spraying accidents, monitoring personnel in hot weather need to go out to refuel the transformer, which is prone to the risk of heatstroke.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an intelligent monitoring device and monitoring method for power transformers used in distribution network substations to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring device and method for power transformers used in distribution network substations, which solves the following problems: In the prior art, an oil pillow is often installed on the outside of the transformer oil tank. By observing the height change of the insulating oil in the oil pillow, when the liquid level is too low, the oil filling pipe of the oil tank is opened to add oil to the oil tank. When the oil level is too high, the oil drain pipe is opened to drain the oil, thereby preventing accidents caused by too little or too much insulating oil in the transformer;

[0007] This monitoring method requires constant attention to the changes in the liquid level in the oil pillow, and manual refueling or draining of oil is required, which is not only labor-intensive but also has low work efficiency. Especially in the hot summer weather, transformers are mostly installed outdoors, which increases the temperature of the internal insulating oil, increases the oil tank pressure, and continuously increases the oil level. In order to prevent oil spraying accidents, high temperature weather monitoring personnel need to go out to refuel the transformer, which is prone to the risk of heatstroke.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] An intelligent monitoring device for power transformers used in distribution network substations, comprising a support platform, wherein a transformer body is fixedly connected to the right side of the upper end surface of the support platform, an oil tank is fixedly connected to the upper left end of the transformer body, and the lower end of the oil tank is connected to the interior of the transformer body through an oil inlet pipe;

[0010] A monitoring mechanism is provided on the front side of the oil tank, through which the insulating oil in the oil tank is monitored;

[0011] The lower end of the right side of the transformer is connected to an oil drain pipe, and a solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the oil drain pipe.

[0012] Preferably, brackets are fixedly connected to the four corners of the upper end surface of the support platform, and sunshades with a quadrangular pyramid structure are fixedly connected to the four sides of the top plate of the bracket, and photovoltaic panels are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the sunshades respectively;

[0013] A battery is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end surface of the bracket top plate, and a charging controller is fixedly connected to the left side of the battery. The photovoltaic panel, the charging controller and the battery are electrically connected.

[0014] Preferably, the monitoring mechanism includes a float, a U-shaped rod and a protective shell. The float is placed on the front side of the oil tank, and the protective shell is fixedly connected to the center position of the front side of the oil tank. The front vertical part of the U-shaped rod is slidably inserted in the protective shell, and the rear vertical part thereof passes through the upper end surface of the oil tank and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the float.

[0015] Preferably, a magnet is fixedly connected to the lower end of the front side of the vertical portion of the front side of the U-shaped rod, and a sliding groove for the magnet to slide is correspondingly opened on the front side of the inner side of the protective shell;

[0016] The upper and lower inner side walls of the chute are symmetrically fixedly connected with metal wires in a spiral structure, and the ends of the metal wires close to each other are fixedly connected with iron blocks;

[0017] The U-shaped rod is electrically connected to the battery through a wire, and the iron block on the upper side of the chute is electrically connected to the solenoid valve.

[0018] Preferably, an oil storage cabinet is fixedly connected to the support platform below the oil tank, and a partition is fixedly connected to the lower third of the interior of the oil storage cabinet;

[0019] A volute is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end surface of the partition, and an impeller is provided in the volute. The rear side of the volute is connected to the fuel tank through a refueling pipe. A fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end surface of the impeller, and the fixed shaft passes through the lower end surface of the partition and is rotatably connected to the partition through a sealed bearing.

[0020] Preferably, a reciprocating screw is provided below the fixed shaft, the reciprocating screw passes through the oil conservator to below the support platform, and the outer surface of the portion below the oil conservator is a smooth surface structure;

[0021] A bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support platform, a motor is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the bottom plate below the reciprocating screw, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the reciprocating screw, and the motor is electrically connected to the iron block on the lower side of the protective inner portion of the front side of the oil tank through a wire;

[0022] The upper end surface of the reciprocating screw rod is annularly and equidistantly provided with a placement groove of a trapezoidal structure, and a limit block is placed in the placement groove. The tail of the limit block is rotatably connected to the side surface of the placement groove near the center of the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw rod through a hinge shaft, and the lower end of the limit block head is elastically connected to the bottom of the placement groove through a spring.

[0023] A limiting groove is provided on the lower end surface of the fixed shaft corresponding to the limiting pin, and an inclined notch extending to the top of the limiting groove is provided on one side of the limiting groove close to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the fixed shaft.

[0024] Preferably, a piston is provided below the internal partition of the oil storage cabinet, a nut is rotatably connected to the center of the piston, and the nut is spirally connected to the reciprocating screw;

[0025] An annular groove is provided at the center of the contact position between the piston and the annular outer surface of the nut, and a plurality of fixed teeth are fixedly connected to the annular outer surface of the nut at the position of the annular groove at equal intervals. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the contact position between the nut and the reciprocating screw rod, and a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the contact position between the nut and the piston.

[0026] Preferably, the annular outer surface of the lower end of the reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to a primary pulley, and an annular groove is also provided at the center of the contact surface between the primary pulley and the reciprocating screw, and a plurality of fixed teeth are also annularly equidistantly fixedly connected to the annular outer surface of the lower end of the reciprocating screw at the position of the annular groove;

[0027] A receiving groove is provided on the inner annular surface of the annular groove corresponding to the fixed tooth, and a movable tooth is provided in the receiving groove. The tail of the movable tooth is rotatably connected to the receiving groove through a hinge shaft, and the side of the movable tooth close to the receiving groove is elastically connected to the receiving groove through a spring;

[0028] The primary pulley is connected to the secondary pulley through matching rotation, and the upper end surface of the secondary pulley is fixedly connected to the fan blade through a rotating shaft. A support rod is fixedly connected to the bottom plate below the secondary pulley, and the lower end surface of the secondary pulley is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support rod.

[0029] Preferably, three-way pipes are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the oil conservator below the partition, and the upper and lower liquid inlets of the left three-way pipe are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the left side surface of the oil conservator below the partition, and the liquid outlet of the left three-way pipe is connected to the oil tank through a liquid infusion pipe;

[0030] The upper and lower liquid outlets of the tee pipe on the right are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the right side surface of the oil storage cabinet located below the partition, and the liquid inlet of the tee pipe on the right is connected to the return oil pipe. The return oil pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the support platform in a serpentine shape, and the oil inlet of the return oil pipe is connected to the oil drain pipe.

[0031] A monitoring method for an intelligent monitoring device for a power transformer in a distribution network substation comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1: High temperature in summer or transformer overload: Due to high outdoor temperature or transformer overload, the internal temperature of the transformer body will rise, and the internal insulating oil will also heat up, which will cause the pressure in the oil tank to increase and the oil level to rise. At this time, the float will drive the U-shaped rod to rise as the oil level rises, and the rise of the U-shaped rod will drive the magnet to rise along the chute. When the oil level exceeds four-fifths of the tank, the magnet will contact the upper iron block. Since the upper iron block is electrically connected to the motor, the magnet is electrically connected to the battery, and the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the upper magnet, the motor is powered on and the solenoid valve opens.

[0033] S2: Drain oil and cool down: After the one-way valve is opened, the motor drives the reciprocating screw to rotate clockwise, so that the limit block in the upper end surface groove of the reciprocating screw enters the limit groove under the action of the spring, and because the limit groove is close to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the fixed shaft, an inclined notch extending to the top of the limit groove is opened, so that the limit block leaves the limit groove along the notch, making the fixed shaft unable to rotate, and the fixed teeth in the annular grooves at the center of the piston and the center of the first pulley will touch the movable teeth. The movable teeth cannot rotate under the limiting action of the receiving groove, thereby driving the nut and the first pulley to rotate respectively. The transmission connection drives the piston to reciprocate in the oil storage cabinet below the partition. The high-temperature insulating oil in the transformer body enters the oil storage cabinet below the partition through the return oil pipe and then flows into the oil tank through the oil pipe, forming a circulation flow. The primary pulley drives the secondary pulley to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the fan blades to rotate and cool the insulating oil flowing through the return oil pipe. When the temperature of the insulating oil inside the transformer body 2 drops, the pressure drops, causing the oil level to drop, causing the float to drive the U-shaped rod downward, and then drive the magnet downward. When the oil level is between the three-fifths position, the magnet separates from the upper iron block, the motor is powered off, and the solenoid valve is closed, completing the oil level monitoring;

[0034] S3: When the oil level is low, the float drives the U-shaped rod down as the oil level drops, thereby driving the magnet down along the chute. When the oil level is lower than one-third, the magnet contacts the lower iron block, the motor is energized, and drives the reciprocating screw to rotate counterclockwise.

[0035] S4: Refueling: When the reciprocating screw rotates counterclockwise, the fixed teeth in the annular grooves at the center of the piston and the center of the first-stage pulley touch the movable teeth, causing the movable tooth compression spring to enter the receiving groove, so that the nut and the first-stage pulley cannot rotate. The limit block at the upper end face of the reciprocating screw enters the limit groove along the groove and drives the fixed shaft to rotate together, thereby driving the impeller to rotate and generate centrifugal force to input the insulating oil in the oil storage cabinet above the partition into the oil tank through the refueling pipe. When the oil level rises to three-fifths, the magnet separates from the lower iron block, the motor is powered off, and the oil level monitoring is completed.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. When the temperature of the insulating oil inside the transformer body is too high, causing the oil level in the oil tank to be too high, the magnet on the U-shaped body, driven by the float, contacts the upper iron block and turns on the motor power. At this time, the motor drives the piston to move up and down to form a circulation effect, thereby cooling the insulating oil in the transformer body and restoring the oil level in the oil tank to normal, avoiding the need for monitoring personnel to go out in high temperature weather and improving the monitoring effect.

[0038] 2. When the oil level in the upper oil tank is too low, the magnet on the U-shaped part contacts the lower iron block under the drive of the float and turns on the motor power. At this time, the impeller is driven by the TV to rotate to generate centrifugal force to transport the insulating oil in the oil conservator to the oil tank for replenishment, avoiding manual refueling and saving manpower.

[0039] 3. Photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in batteries to power motors and solenoid valves, saving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of the transformer body of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3For the present invention Figure 1 The cross-sectional view at AA in the figure;

[0044] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at BB in the figure;

[0045] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at CC in ;

[0046] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Cross-sectional view at DD in ;

[0047] Figure 7 A top view of the reciprocating screw rod of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at EE in the figure;

[0049] Figure 9 A bottom perspective view of the fixed shaft of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged view of point F in the figure;

[0051] Figure 11 A top view of the oil return pipe of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 12 Flow chart of the monitoring method of the present invention.

[0053] Description of reference numerals:

[0054] 1. Support platform; 11. Bracket; 12. Sunshade; 13. Photovoltaic panel; 14. Battery; 15. Charge controller; 16. Bottom plate; 2. Transformer body; 21. Fuel tank; 22. Oil inlet pipe; 23. Solenoid valve; 24. Oil drain pipe; 3. Monitoring mechanism; 31. Float; 32. U-shaped rod; 33. Protective shell; 34. Slide; 35. Magnet; 36. Iron block; 37. Metal wire; 4. Oil storage cabinet; 41. Partition; 411. Volute; 412. Blade Wheel; 413, fixed shaft; 414, refueling pipe; 42, tee pipe; 421, oil pipeline; 43, motor; 431, reciprocating screw; 432, piston; 433, nut; 44, primary pulley; 45, secondary pulley; 451, support rod; 452, fan blade; 46, annular groove; 461, fixed tooth; 462, movable tooth; 463, storage groove; 47, oil return pipe; 48, placement groove; 481, limit block; 482, notch; 483, limit groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The embodiments of the present invention provide an intelligent monitoring device and method for power transformers used in distribution network substations, thereby solving the problem in the prior art of installing an oil pillow outside the transformer oil tank. By observing the level change of the insulating oil in the oil pillow, when the liquid level is too low, the oil filling pipe of the oil tank is opened to add oil to the oil tank. When the oil level is too high, the oil drain pipe is opened to drain the oil, thereby preventing accidents caused by too little or too much insulating oil in the transformer.

[0057] This monitoring method requires constant attention to the changes in the liquid level in the oil pillow, and manual refueling or draining is required, which is not only labor-intensive but also inefficient. Especially in hot summer weather, transformers are mostly installed outdoors, which increases the temperature of the internal insulating oil, the tank pressure, and the oil level. In order to prevent oil spraying accidents, monitoring personnel in hot weather need to go out to refuel the transformer, which is prone to heatstroke risks.

[0058] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems. The overall idea is as follows: when the temperature of the insulating oil inside the transformer body is too high and causes the oil level in the oil tank to be too high, the magnet on the U-shaped body contacts the upper iron block under the drive of the float and the motor power is turned on. At this time, the motor drives the piston to move up and down to form a circulation effect, thereby cooling the insulating oil in the transformer body, so that the oil level in the oil tank returns to normal. When the oil level in the upper oil tank is too low, the magnet on the U-shaped body contacts the lower iron block under the drive of the float and the motor power is turned on. At this time, the TV drives the impeller to rotate to generate centrifugal force to transfer the stored oil The insulating oil in the oil cabinet is transported to the oil tank for replenishment of the insulating oil. Compared with the existing method, it is necessary to always pay attention to the changes in the liquid level in the oil pillow and manually refuel or drain the oil, which is not only labor-intensive but also has low work efficiency. Especially in the hot summer weather, transformers are mostly installed outdoors, which increases the temperature of the internal insulating oil, increases the pressure in the oil tank, and continuously increases the oil level. In order to prevent oil spraying accidents, high temperature weather monitoring personnel need to go out to refuel the transformer, which is prone to heatstroke risks. The present invention avoids the need for high temperature weather monitoring personnel to go out, while improving the monitoring effect, avoiding manual refueling, and saving manpower.

[0059] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0060] See also Figures 1 to 12, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0061] An intelligent monitoring device for power transformers for distribution network substations includes a support platform 1, characterized in that: a transformer body 2 is fixedly connected to the right side of the upper end surface of the support platform 1, an oil tank 21 is fixedly connected to the upper left end of the transformer body 2, the lower end of the oil tank 21 is connected to the interior of the transformer body 2 through an oil inlet pipe 22, a monitoring mechanism 3 is provided on the front side of the oil tank 21, and the insulating oil in the oil tank 21 is monitored by the monitoring mechanism 3, the lower end of the right side surface of the transformer body 2 is connected to an oil drain pipe 24, and the oil drain pipe 24 is fixedly connected to a solenoid valve 23; the four corners of the upper end surface of the support platform 1 are fixedly connected to a bracket 11, the four sides of the top plate of the bracket 11 are fixedly connected to a sun visor 12 with a quadrangular pyramid structure, and the outer surfaces of the sun visor 12 are respectively fixedly connected to photovoltaic panels 13; a battery 14 is fixedly connected to the center position of the upper end surface of the top plate of the bracket 11, and a charging controller 15 is fixedly connected to the left side of the battery 14, and the photovoltaic panel 13, the charging controller 15 and the battery 14 are electrically connected.

[0062] During operation, the oil level in the oil tank 21 is monitored in real time through the monitoring mechanism 3. When the oil level is too high, the solenoid valve 23 is opened to drain the oil through the oil drain pipe 24. When the oil level is too low, oil is added to the oil tank 21. The battery 14 provides power for the monitoring mechanism 3 to monitor the oil level, thereby avoiding heatstroke caused by people going out during the high temperature season in summer. The photovoltaic panel 13 converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery 14. The charging controller 15 can stop charging the battery 14 when the battery 14 is saturated, thereby preventing the battery 14 from being oversaturated and reducing its life. The use of the photovoltaic panel 13 saves energy.

[0063] As an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 2 to 12 As shown, the monitoring mechanism 3 includes a float 31, a U-shaped rod 32 and a protective shell 33. The float 31 is placed on the front side of the fuel tank 21, and the protective shell 33 is fixedly connected to the center position of the front side of the fuel tank 21. The front vertical part of the U-shaped rod 32 is slidably inserted into the protective shell 33, and its rear vertical part passes through the upper end surface of the fuel tank 21 and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the float 31. The lower end of the front side of the front vertical part of the U-shaped rod 32 is fixedly connected to a magnet 35, and the front side of the protective shell 33 is correspondingly provided with a slide groove 34 for the magnet 35 to slide; the upper and lower inner walls of the slide groove 34 are symmetrically fixedly connected with a spiral structure of metal wires 37, and the ends of the metal wires 37 close to each other are fixedly connected with iron blocks 36; the U-shaped rod 32 is electrically connected to the battery 14 through a wire, and the iron block 36 on the upper side of the slide groove 34 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve 23;

[0064] An oil conservator 4 is fixedly connected to the support platform 1 below the oil tank 21, and a partition 41 is fixedly connected to the lower third of the interior of the oil conservator 4; a volute 411 is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end surface of the partition 41, and an impeller 412 is provided in the volute 411. The rear side of the volute 411 is connected to the oil tank 21 through a filling pipe 414. A fixed shaft 413 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end surface of the impeller 412, and the fixed shaft 413 passes through the lower end surface of the partition 41 and is rotatably connected to the partition 41 through a sealed bearing; a reciprocating screw rod 431 is provided below the fixed shaft 413, and the reciprocating screw rod 431 passes through the oil conservator 4 to the bottom of the support platform 1, and the outer surface of the part located below the oil conservator 4 is a smooth surface structure;

[0065] The support platform 1 is fixedly connected to a base plate 16 at the bottom, and a motor 43 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the base plate 16 below the reciprocating screw rod 431, and the output shaft of the motor 43 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the reciprocating screw rod 431, and the motor 43 is electrically connected to the iron block 36 on the lower side of the front protection of the oil tank 21 through a wire; the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw rod 431 is annularly and equidistantly provided with a placement groove 48 of a trapezoidal structure, and a limiting block 481 is placed in the placement groove 48, and the tail of the limiting block 481 is rotatably connected to the side surface of the placement groove 48 near the center position of the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw rod 431 through a hinge shaft, and the lower end of the head of the limiting block 481 is elastically connected to the inner bottom of the placement groove 48 through a spring; a limiting groove 483 is provided on the lower end surface of the fixed shaft 413 corresponding to the limiting pin, and an inclined notch 482 extending to the top of the limiting groove 483 is provided on the side of the limiting groove 483 near the outer edge of the lower end surface of the fixed shaft 413;

[0066] A piston 432 is provided below the internal partition 41 of the oil conservator 4. A nut 433 is rotatably connected to the center of the piston 432, and the nut 433 is spirally connected to the reciprocating screw 431. An annular groove 46 is provided at the center of the contact position between the annular outer surface of the piston 432 and the nut 433, and a plurality of fixed teeth 461 are fixedly connected to the annular outer surface of the nut 433 at the position of the annular groove 46 at equal intervals. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the contact position between the nut 433 and the reciprocating screw 431, and a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the contact position between the nut 433 and the piston 432.

[0067] The annular outer surface of the lower end of the reciprocating screw rod 431 is rotatably connected to the primary pulley 44, and an annular groove 46 is also provided at the center of the contact surface between the primary pulley 44 and the reciprocating screw rod 431, and the annular outer surface of the lower end of the reciprocating screw rod 431 is also fixedly connected to a plurality of fixed teeth 461 at equal intervals in an annular groove 46; the inner annular surface of the annular groove 46 is provided with a receiving groove 463 corresponding to the fixed teeth 461, and the receiving groove 463 is provided with a movable tooth 462. The tail of the movable tooth 462 is rotatably connected to the receiving groove 463 via a hinge shaft, and the side of the movable tooth 462 close to the receiving groove 463 is elastically connected to the receiving groove 463 via a spring; the primary pulley 44 is rotatably connected to the secondary pulley 45 through matching, and the upper end surface of the secondary pulley 45 is fixedly connected to the fan blade 452 via a rotating shaft, and a support rod 451 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 16 below the secondary pulley 45, and the lower end surface of the secondary pulley 45 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support rod 451;

[0068] The left and right sides of the oil storage cabinet 4 below the partition 41 are symmetrically provided with three-way pipes 42. The upper and lower liquid inlets of the three-way pipe 42 on the left side are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the left side surface of the oil storage cabinet 4 below the partition 41, and the liquid outlet of the three-way pipe 42 on the left side is connected to the oil tank 21 through the infusion pipe; the upper and lower liquid outlets of the three-way pipe 42 on the right side are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the right side surface of the oil storage cabinet 4 below the partition 41, and the liquid inlet of the three-way pipe 42 on the right side is connected to the return oil pipe 47. The return oil pipe 47 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the support platform 1 in a serpentine shape, and the oil inlet of the return oil pipe 47 is connected to the oil drain pipe 24.

[0069] During operation, when the transformer body 2 is overloaded or the outdoor temperature is too high, the internal temperature of the transformer body 2 rises, and the internal insulating oil thereof also heats up, thereby increasing the pressure in the oil tank 21 and causing the oil level to rise. At this time, the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 to rise as the oil level rises, and the rise of the U-shaped rod 32 drives the magnet 35 to rise along the chute 34. When the oil level exceeds four-fifths of the oil tank 21, the magnet 35 will contact the upper iron block 36. Since the upper iron block 36 is electrically connected to the motor 43, the magnet 35 is electrically connected to the battery 14, and the solenoid valve 23 is electrically connected to the upper magnet 35, the motor 43 is powered on, and the solenoid valve 23 is opened. At this time, the motor 43 drives the reciprocating screw rod 4 The screw 431 rotates clockwise, so that the limit block 481 in the groove 48 on the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw 431 enters the limit groove 483 under the action of the spring. Because the limit groove 483 is provided with an inclined notch 482 extending to the top of the limit groove 483 on one side close to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the fixed shaft 413, the limit block 481 leaves the limit groove 483 along the notch 482, so that the fixed shaft 413 cannot rotate. The fixed teeth 461 in the annular groove 46 at the center position of the piston 432 and the center position of the primary pulley 44 will touch the movable teeth 462. The movable teeth 462 cannot rotate under the limiting action of the receiving groove 463, thereby driving the nut 433 and the primary pulley 44 to rotate respectively.

[0070] Because the nut 433 is connected with the reciprocating screw rod 431 in a spiral transmission, the piston 432 is driven to reciprocate in the oil storage cabinet 4 below the partition plate 41. When the piston 432 moves upward, the one-way valves in the upper liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 and the lower liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 are in opposite directions. The one-way valve in the upper liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 is opened by the pressure of the piston 432, and the one-way valve in the lower liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 is opened by the suction force of the piston 432. The one-way valves in the lower liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 and the upper liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 are in opposite directions. The one-way valve in the liquid inlet is closed by the suction force of the piston 432, and the one-way valve in the liquid outlet on the upper side of the right three-way pipe 42 is closed by the pressure of the piston 432, so that the high-temperature insulating oil in the transformer body 2 enters the oil return pipe 47 through the oil drain pipe 24 and then enters the oil storage cabinet 4 below the piston 432, while the insulating oil on the upper side of the piston 432 enters the oil tank 21 through the oil delivery pipe 421, and the insulating oil in the oil tank 21 enters the transformer body 2 through the oil inlet pipe 22. When the piston 432 moves to the upper end of the reciprocating screw rod 431, it starts to move downward. At this time, the one-way valve in the liquid inlet on the upper side of the left three-way pipe 42 is closed by the pressure of the piston 432, so that the high-temperature insulating oil in the transformer body 2 enters the oil return pipe 47 through the oil drain pipe 24 and then enters the oil storage cabinet 4 below the piston 432, and the insulating oil on the upper side of the piston 432 enters the oil tank 21 through the oil delivery pipe 421, and the insulating oil in the oil tank 21 enters the transformer body 2 through the oil inlet pipe 22. 2 is closed by the suction force, the one-way valve in the lower liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 is closed by the pressure of the piston 432, the one-way valve in the lower liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 is opened by the pressure of the piston 432, and the one-way valve in the upper liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 is opened by the suction force of the piston 432, so that the high-temperature insulating oil in the transformer body 2 enters the oil return pipe 47 through the oil drain pipe 24 and then enters the oil storage cabinet 4 above the piston 432, while the insulating oil under the piston 432 enters the oil tank 21 through the oil delivery pipe 421, thereby forming a circulating flow of the insulating oil in the transformer body 2. The first pulley 44 drives the second pulley 45 to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the fan blades 452 to rotate and cool the insulating oil flowing through the return oil pipe 47. The serpentine structure of the return oil pipe 47 prolongs the heat exchange time between the insulating oil and the outside air, thereby improving the cooling effect. When the temperature of the insulating oil inside the transformer body 2 drops, the pressure drops, causing the oil level to drop, so that the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 to move downward, and then drives the magnet 35 to move downward. When the oil level is between the three-fifths position, the displacement of the metal wire 37 reaches the limit, the magnet 35 is separated from the upper iron block 36, the motor 43 is powered off, and the solenoid valve 23 is closed, completing the oil level monitoring;

[0071] When the oil level is low, the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 down as the oil level drops, thereby driving the magnet 35 to move down along the slide groove 34. When the oil level is lower than one-third, the magnet 35 contacts the lower iron block 36, the motor 43 is energized, and drives the reciprocating screw 431 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the fixed teeth 461 in the annular groove 46 at the center of the piston 432 and the center of the primary pulley 44 touch the movable teeth 462, so that the movable teeth 462 compress the spring into the receiving groove 463, so that the nut 433 and the primary pulley 44 cannot rotate, and the reciprocating screw 431 is driven by the motor 43. The limit block 481 at the upper end surface of the screw rod 431 enters the limit groove 483 along the notch 482 to drive the fixed shaft 413 to rotate together, and then drives the impeller 412 to rotate to generate centrifugal force to input the insulating oil in the oil storage cabinet 4 above the partition 41 into the oil tank 21 through the filling pipe 414. When the oil level rises to the three-fifths position, the displacement of the metal wire 37 reaches the limit, the magnet 35 disengages from the lower iron block 36, and the motor 43 is powered off, completing the oil level monitoring, avoiding personnel from going out, saving labor, and performing real-time monitoring of the oil level to improve the monitoring effect.

[0072] A monitoring method for an intelligent monitoring device for a power transformer in a distribution network substation comprises the following steps:

[0073] S1: High temperature in summer or when the transformer is overloaded: Due to the high outdoor temperature or transformer overload, the internal temperature of the transformer body 2 will rise, and the internal insulating oil will also heat up, thereby increasing the pressure in the oil tank 21 and the oil level. At this time, the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 to rise as the oil level rises, and the rise of the U-shaped rod 32 drives the magnet 35 to rise along the chute 34. When the oil level exceeds four-fifths of the oil tank 21, the magnet 35 will contact the upper iron block 36. Since the upper iron block 36 is electrically connected to the motor 43, the magnet 35 is electrically connected to the battery 14, and the solenoid valve 23 is electrically connected to the upper magnet 35, so that the motor 43 is powered on and the solenoid valve 23 opens;

[0074] S2: Drain oil and cool down: After the one-way valve is opened, the motor 43 drives the reciprocating screw 431 to rotate clockwise, so that the limit block 481 in the upper end surface placement groove 48 on the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw 431 enters the limit groove 483 under the action of the spring. In addition, because the limit groove 483 is close to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the fixed shaft 413, an inclined notch 482 extending to the top of the limit groove 483 is opened, the limit block 481 leaves the limit groove 483 along the notch 482, making the fixed shaft 413 unable to rotate, and the fixed teeth 461 in the annular groove 46 at the center position of the piston 432 and the center position of the primary pulley 44 will touch the movable teeth 462. The movable teeth 462 cannot rotate under the limiting action of the receiving groove 463, thereby driving the nut 433 and the primary pulley 44 to rotate respectively. The nut 433 is spirally connected to the reciprocating screw 431, thereby driving the piston 432 to reciprocate in the oil storage cabinet 4 below the partition 41. The high-temperature insulating oil in the transformer body 2 enters the oil storage cabinet 4 below the partition 41 through the return oil pipe 47 and then flows into the oil tank 21 through the oil delivery pipe 421, forming a circulating flow. The primary pulley 44 drives the secondary pulley 45 to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the fan blade 452 to rotate and cool the insulating oil flowing through the return oil pipe 47. When the temperature of the insulating oil inside the transformer body 2 drops, the pressure drops, causing the oil level to drop, so that the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 to move downward, and then drives the magnet 35 to move downward. When the oil level is between the three-fifths position, the magnet 35 disengages from the upper iron block 36, the motor 43 is powered off, and the solenoid valve 23 is closed, completing the oil level monitoring.

[0075] S3: When the oil level is low, the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 downward as the oil level drops, thereby driving the magnet 35 to move downward along the chute 34. When the oil level is lower than one-third, the magnet 35 contacts the lower iron block 36, the motor 43 is energized, and drives the reciprocating screw 431 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0076] S4: Refueling: When the reciprocating screw 431 rotates counterclockwise, the fixed teeth 461 in the annular groove 46 at the center position of the piston 432 and the center position of the first-stage pulley 44 touch the movable teeth 462, so that the movable teeth 462 compress the spring and enter the receiving groove 463, so that the nut 433 and the first-stage pulley 44 cannot rotate, and the limit block 481 at the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw 431 enters the limit groove 483 along the groove 482, driving the fixed shaft 413 to rotate together, and then driving the impeller 412 to rotate to generate centrifugal force to input the insulating oil in the oil storage cabinet 4 above the partition 41 into the oil tank 21 through the refueling pipe 414. When the oil level rises to the three-fifths position, the magnet 35 disengages from the lower iron block 36, the motor 43 is powered off, and the oil level monitoring is completed.

[0077] Working principle: When the transformer body 2 is overloaded or the outdoor temperature is too high, the temperature inside the transformer body 2 rises, and the insulating oil inside it also heats up, which causes the pressure in the oil tank 21 to increase and the oil level to rise. At this time, the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 to rise as the oil level rises, and the rise of the U-shaped rod 32 drives the magnet 35 to rise along the chute 34. When the oil level exceeds four-fifths of the oil tank 21, the magnet 35 will contact the upper iron block 36. Since the upper iron block 36 is electrically connected to the motor 43, the magnet 35 is electrically connected to the battery 14, and the solenoid valve 23 is electrically connected to the upper magnet 35, the motor 43 is powered on and the solenoid valve 23 is opened. At this time, the motor 43 drives the reciprocating screw 431 to rotate clockwise, causing the reciprocating screw 431 to rotate clockwise. The limit block 481 in the groove 48 placed on the upper end surface of the screw rod 431 enters the limit groove 483 under the action of the spring, and because the limit groove 483 is close to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the fixed shaft 413, an inclined notch 482 extending to the top of the limit groove 483 is opened, the limit block 481 leaves the limit groove 483 along the notch 482, making the fixed shaft 413 unable to rotate, and the fixed teeth 461 in the annular groove 46 at the center position of the piston 432 and the center position of the primary pulley 44 will touch the movable teeth 462. The movable teeth 462 cannot rotate under the limiting action of the receiving groove 463, thereby driving the nut 433 and the primary pulley 44 to rotate respectively. Since the nut 433 is spirally connected to the reciprocating screw rod 431, the belt The movable piston 432 reciprocates in the oil storage tank 4 below the partition plate 41. When the piston 432 moves upward, the one-way valves in the upper liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 and the lower liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 are in opposite directions. The one-way valve in the upper liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 is opened by the pressure of the piston 432, and the one-way valve in the lower liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 is opened by the suction force of the piston 432. The one-way valves in the lower liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 and the upper liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 are in opposite directions. The one-way valve in the lower liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 is closed by the suction force of the piston 432, and the one-way valve in the upper liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 is closed by the pressure of the piston 432, so that the inside of the transformer body 2 is The high-temperature insulating oil enters the oil return pipe 47 through the oil drain pipe 24 and then enters the oil storage cabinet 4 on the lower side of the piston 432, while the insulating oil on the upper side of the piston 432 enters the oil tank 21 through the oil delivery pipe 421, and the insulating oil in the oil tank 21 enters the transformer body 2 through the oil inlet pipe 22. When the piston 432 moves to the upper end of the reciprocating screw 431, it starts to move downward. At this time, the one-way valve in the upper liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 is closed by the suction force of the piston 432, and the one-way valve in the lower liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 is closed by the pressure of the piston 432. The one-way valve in the lower liquid inlet of the left three-way pipe 42 is opened by the pressure of the piston 432, and the one-way valve in the upper liquid outlet of the right three-way pipe 42 is opened by the suction force of the piston 432.The high-temperature insulating oil in the transformer body 2 enters the oil return pipe 47 through the oil drain pipe 24 and then enters the oil storage cabinet 4 on the upper side of the piston 432, while the insulating oil on the lower side of the piston 432 enters the oil tank 21 through the oil delivery pipe 421, thereby forming a circulating flow of the insulating oil in the transformer body 2, and the primary pulley 44 drives the secondary pulley 45 to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the fan blade 452 to rotate to cool the insulating oil flowing through the oil return pipe 47. The serpentine structure of the oil return pipe 47 extends the insulating oil The heat exchange time with the outside air is long, which improves the cooling effect. When the temperature of the insulating oil inside the transformer body 2 decreases, the pressure decreases, causing the oil level to drop, so that the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 to move downward, and then drives the magnet 35 to move downward. When the oil level is between the three-fifths position, the displacement of the metal wire 37 reaches the limit, the magnet 35 is separated from the upper iron block 36, the motor 43 is powered off, and the solenoid valve 23 is closed, completing the oil level monitoring; when the oil level is low, the float 31 drives the U-shaped rod 32 to drop as the oil level drops. , thereby driving the magnet 35 to move down along the slide 34. When the oil level is lower than one-third, the magnet 35 contacts the lower iron block 36, the motor 43 is energized, and drives the reciprocating screw 431 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the fixed teeth 461 in the annular groove 46 at the center of the piston 432 and the center of the primary pulley 44 touch the movable teeth 462, so that the movable teeth 462 compress the spring into the receiving groove 463, so that the nut 433 and the primary pulley 44 cannot rotate, and the limit position of the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw 431 Block 481 then moves along slot 482 into limit slot 483, driving fixed shaft 413 to rotate, which in turn drives impeller 412 to rotate, generating centrifugal force that transfers the insulating oil in oil conservator 4 above partition 41 into oil tank 21 through filler pipe 414. When the oil level rises to three-fifths, wire 37 reaches its limit of displacement, magnet 35 disengages from lower iron block 36, and motor 43 is powered off, completing oil level monitoring. This eliminates the need for personnel to leave, saves labor, and provides real-time oil level monitoring, improving monitoring effectiveness.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring device for power transformers used in distribution network substations, comprising a support platform (1), characterized in that: The right side of the upper end surface of the support platform (1) is fixedly connected to a transformer body (2), the upper left end of the transformer body (2) is fixedly connected to an oil tank (21), and the lower end of the oil tank (21) is connected to the interior of the transformer body (2) via an oil inlet pipe (22); A monitoring mechanism (3) is provided on the front side of the oil tank (21), and the insulating oil in the oil tank (21) is monitored by the monitoring mechanism (3); The lower end of the right side of the transformer body (2) is connected to an oil drain pipe (24), and a solenoid valve (23) is fixedly connected to the oil drain pipe (24); The monitoring mechanism (3) includes a float (31), a U-shaped rod (32) and a protective shell (33), wherein the float (31) is placed on the front side of the fuel tank (21), and the protective shell (33) is fixedly connected to the center position of the front side of the fuel tank (21), the front vertical portion of the U-shaped rod (32) is slidably inserted into the protective shell (33), and the rear vertical portion thereof penetrates the upper end surface of the fuel tank (21) and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the float (31); A magnet (35) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the front side of the vertical portion of the front side of the U-shaped rod (32), and a sliding groove (34) for the magnet (35) to slide is correspondingly provided on the inner front side of the protective shell (33); Metal wires (37) in a spiral structure are symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner side walls of the chute (34), and the ends of the metal wires (37) close to each other are fixedly connected to iron blocks (36); The U-shaped rod (32) is electrically connected to the battery (14) via a wire, and the iron block (36) on the upper side of the chute (34) is electrically connected to the solenoid valve (23); An oil storage cabinet (4) is fixedly connected to the support platform (1) below the oil tank (21), and a partition (41) is fixedly connected to the lower third of the interior of the oil storage cabinet (4); A volute (411) is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end surface of the partition (41), and an impeller (412) is provided in the volute (411). The rear side of the volute (411) is connected to the oil tank (21) via a refueling pipe (414). A fixed shaft (413) is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end surface of the impeller (412). The fixed shaft (413) passes through the lower end surface of the partition (41) and is rotatably connected to the partition (41) via a sealed bearing. A reciprocating screw rod (431) is provided below the fixed shaft (413). The reciprocating screw rod (431) passes through the oil storage cabinet (4) to the bottom of the support platform (1), and the outer surface of the portion of the reciprocating screw rod (431) located below the oil storage cabinet (4) is a smooth surface structure.

2. The intelligent monitoring device for power transformers used in distribution network substations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support platform (1) is fixedly connected to the four corner positions of the upper end surface with brackets (11), the top plate of the bracket (11) is fixedly connected to the four sides thereof with sunshades (12) in a quadrangular pyramidal structure, and the outer surfaces of the sunshades (12) are respectively fixedly connected to photovoltaic panels (13); A battery (14) is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end surface of the top plate of the bracket (11), and a charging controller (15) is fixedly connected to the left side of the battery (14). The photovoltaic panel (13), the charging controller (15) and the battery (14) are electrically connected.

3. The intelligent monitoring device for power transformers used in distribution network substations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom plate (16) is fixedly connected below the support platform (1), a motor (43) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the bottom plate (16) below the reciprocating screw (431), and an output shaft of the motor (43) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the reciprocating screw (431), and the motor (43) is electrically connected to an iron block (36) on the lower side of the protective interior of the front side of the oil tank (21) through a wire; The upper end face of the reciprocating screw rod (431) is provided with a trapezoidal placement groove (48) at equal intervals, and a limit block (481) is placed in the placement groove (48), the tail of the limit block (481) is rotatably connected to the side of the placement groove (48) near the center of the upper end face of the reciprocating screw rod (431) through a hinge shaft, and the lower end of the head of the limit block (481) is elastically connected to the bottom of the placement groove (48) through a spring; A limiting groove (483) is provided on the lower end surface of the fixed shaft (413) corresponding to the limiting pin, and an inclined notch (482) extending to the top of the limiting groove (483) is provided on one side of the limiting groove (483) close to the outer edge of the lower end surface of the fixed shaft (413).

4. The intelligent monitoring device for power transformers used in distribution network substations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston (432) is provided below the internal partition (41) of the oil storage cabinet (4), and a nut (433) is rotatably connected to the center of the piston (432), and the nut (433) is spirally connected to the reciprocating screw (431); An annular groove (46) is provided at the center of the contact position between the annular outer surface of the piston (432) and the nut (433), and a plurality of fixed teeth (461) are fixedly connected to the annular outer surface of the nut (433) at the position of the annular groove (46) at equal intervals. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the contact position between the nut (433) and the reciprocating screw rod (431), and a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the contact position between the nut (433) and the piston (432).

5. The intelligent monitoring device for power transformers used in distribution network substations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular outer surface at the lower end of the reciprocating screw rod (431) is rotatably connected to a first-stage pulley (44), and an annular groove (46) is also provided at the center of the contact surface between the first-stage pulley (44) and the reciprocating screw rod (431), and a plurality of fixed teeth (461) are also annularly and equidistantly fixedly connected to the annular outer surface at the lower end of the reciprocating screw rod (431) at the position of the annular groove (46); A receiving groove (463) is provided on the inner annular surface of the annular groove (46) corresponding to the fixed tooth (461), and a movable tooth (462) is provided in the receiving groove (463). The tail of the movable tooth (462) is rotatably connected to the receiving groove (463) via a hinge shaft, and the side of the movable tooth (462) close to the receiving groove (463) is elastically connected to the receiving groove (463) via a spring. The primary pulley (44) is connected to the secondary pulley (45) through matching rotation, and the upper end surface of the secondary pulley (45) is fixedly connected to the fan blade (452) through a rotating shaft. A support rod (451) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (16) below the secondary pulley (45), and the lower end surface of the secondary pulley (45) is rotationally connected to the upper end of the support rod (451).

6. The intelligent monitoring device for power transformers used in distribution network substations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil storage cabinet (4) below the partition (41) is symmetrically provided with three-way pipes (42) on the left and right sides. The upper and lower liquid inlets of the three-way pipe (42) on the left side are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the left side surface of the oil storage cabinet (4) below the partition (41). The liquid outlet of the three-way pipe (42) on the left side is connected to the oil tank (21) through a liquid infusion pipe. The upper and lower liquid outlets of the right-side three-way pipe (42) are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the right side surface of the oil storage cabinet (4) located below the partition (41), and the liquid inlet of the right-side three-way pipe (42) is connected to the return oil pipe (47). The return oil pipe (47) is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the support platform (1) in a serpentine shape, and the oil inlet of the return oil pipe (47) is connected to the oil drain pipe (24).

7. A monitoring method for an intelligent monitoring device for a power transformer in a distribution network substation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: High temperature in summer or when the transformer is overloaded: Due to the high outdoor temperature or transformer overload, the internal temperature of the transformer body (2) will rise, and the internal insulating oil will also heat up, which will cause the pressure in the oil tank (21) to increase and the oil level to rise. At this time, the float (31) drives the U-shaped rod (32) to rise as the oil level rises, and the U-shaped rod (32) rises, thereby driving the magnet (35) to rise along the chute (34). When the oil level exceeds four-fifths of the oil tank (21), the magnet (35) will contact the upper iron block (36). Since the upper iron block (36) is electrically connected to the motor (43), the magnet (35) is electrically connected to the battery (14), and the solenoid valve (23) is electrically connected to the upper magnet (35), so that the motor (43) is powered on and the solenoid valve (23) is opened; S2: Draining oil and cooling: After the one-way valve is opened, the motor (43) drives the reciprocating screw (431) to rotate clockwise, so that the limit block (481) in the slot (48) on the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw (431) enters the limit slot (483) under the action of the spring. In addition, the limit slot (483) is provided with an inclined notch (482) extending to the top of the limit slot (483) on one side of the outer edge of the lower end surface of the fixed shaft (413), thereby making the limit The block (481) leaves the limiting groove (483) along the notch (482), so that the fixed shaft (413) cannot rotate, and the fixed teeth (461) in the annular groove (46) at the center of the piston (432) and the center of the primary pulley (44) touch the movable teeth (462). The movable teeth (462) cannot rotate under the limiting effect of the receiving groove (463), thereby driving the nut (433) and the primary pulley (44) to rotate respectively. (433) is connected to the reciprocating screw (431) by a spiral transmission, thereby driving the piston (432) to reciprocate in the oil storage cabinet (4) below the partition (41), and the high-temperature insulating oil in the transformer body (2) enters the oil storage cabinet (4) below the partition (41) through the return oil pipe (47) and then flows into the oil tank (21) through the oil delivery pipe (421), forming a circular flow, and the primary pulley (44) drives the secondary pulley (45) to rotate through the belt, thereby driving The fan blades (452) rotate to cool the insulating oil flowing through the oil return pipe (47). When the temperature of the insulating oil inside the transformer body (2) decreases, the pressure decreases, causing the oil level to drop, thereby causing the float (31) to drive the U-shaped rod (32) to move downward, thereby driving the magnet (35) to move downward. When the oil level is between the three-fifths position, the magnet (35) is separated from the upper iron block (36), the motor (43) is powered off, and the solenoid valve (23) is closed, completing the oil level monitoring. S3: When the oil level is low, the float (31) drives the U-shaped rod (32) downward as the oil level drops, thereby driving the magnet (35) to move downward along the chute (34). When the oil level is lower than one-third, the magnet (35) contacts the lower iron block (36), the motor (43) is energized, and drives the reciprocating screw (431) to rotate counterclockwise. S4: refueling: when the reciprocating screw (431) rotates counterclockwise, the fixed teeth (461) in the annular groove (46) at the center of the piston (432) and the center of the first pulley (44) touch the movable teeth (462), so that the movable teeth (462) compress the spring and enter the receiving groove (463), thereby preventing the nut (433) and the first pulley (44) from rotating. The limit block (481) at the upper end surface of the reciprocating screw (431) enters the limit groove (483) along the notch (482) and drives the fixed shaft (413) to rotate together, thereby driving the impeller (412) to rotate and generate centrifugal force to input the insulating oil in the oil storage cabinet (4) above the partition (41) into the oil tank (21) through the refueling pipe (414). When the oil level rises to the three-fifths position, the magnet (35) is separated from the lower iron block (36), the motor (43) is powered off, and the oil level monitoring is completed.

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