Polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide and control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular to a polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on a substrate-integrated waveguide and a control method. The polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on a substrate-integrated waveguide comprises an upper dielectric substrate, the upper dielectric substrate comprising a plurality of spaced-apart antenna units and a control switch located on the first side and the second side of each antenna unit; an intermediate dielectric substrate, the intermediate dielectric substrate having a substrate-integrated waveguide structure formed thereon; and a lower dielectric substrate, the lower dielectric substrate having a bias circuit formed thereon, the bias circuit being used to control the radiation state of the antenna unit. The present invention utilizes a substrate-integrated waveguide to feed the antenna unit and introduces a control method so that the antenna can achieve free polarization control while also maintaining a normal radiation pattern of the antenna unit. The overall antenna size is very compact and easy to integrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular to a polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs) have been widely used in the design of passive components such as filters and power dividers, as well as slot array antennas, due to their planar structural characteristics. SIWs also significantly reduce their inherent losses due to reduced conductor loss compared to microstrip transmission structures. Furthermore, SIWs offer significant improvements in size and weight compared to traditional rectangular waveguides. Furthermore, the increasing maturity of PCB multilayer manufacturing processes has significantly reduced the processing difficulty and cost of SIWs, creating favorable conditions for the implementation of hybrid designs with SIWs and microstrip or stripline structures.

[0003] Currently, circularly polarized antennas are classified as left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized based on the rotational direction of their electromagnetic waves. These two types have orthogonal rotational orientations, resulting in a high degree of polarization isolation between electromagnetic waves of different rotational directions. A circularly polarized antenna with a certain rotational orientation cannot receive electromagnetic wave signals with the opposite rotational orientation, thus exhibiting excellent anti-interference capabilities. Furthermore, because circularly polarized antennas can receive electromagnetic wave signals of any linear polarization, and their radiated waves can be received by antennas of any polarization, they do not require the same stringent polarization matching as linearly polarized antennas in transceiver systems, leading to their widespread application in satellite communications. Currently, left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized antennas are often designed separately, with much research focused on achieving wider axial ratio bandwidths and axial ratio wave widths, with little attention paid to controlling antenna polarization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide and a control method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on a substrate-integrated waveguide, comprising: an upper dielectric substrate, the upper dielectric substrate including a plurality of spaced-apart antenna units and a control switch located on a first side and a second side of each antenna unit, the first side and the second side being arranged in parallel; an intermediate dielectric substrate, the intermediate dielectric substrate being arranged on a side of the upper dielectric substrate facing away from the antenna units, the intermediate dielectric substrate having a substrate-integrated waveguide structure formed thereon; and a lower dielectric substrate, the lower dielectric structure being arranged on a side of the intermediate dielectric substrate facing away from the upper dielectric substrate, the lower dielectric substrate having a bias circuit formed thereon, the bias circuit being used to control the radiation state of the antenna units. The present invention utilizes a substrate-integrated waveguide to feed the antenna units and introduces a control method that enables the antenna to achieve free polarization control through the control switch while also maintaining a normal radiation pattern of the antenna units. The overall antenna size is very compact and easy to integrate.

[0006] Optionally, the cross-section of the antenna unit is in the shape of a rectangle with two cut corners, and the two cut corners are located on diagonals of the rectangle. The antenna unit involved in the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to produce.

[0007] Optionally, the antenna unit further includes a first through hole, wherein the first through hole is located at the center of the antenna unit. The antenna unit can be connected to the bias circuit through the first through hole.

[0008] Optionally, the intermediate dielectric substrate includes: a first metal plate, the first metal plate being provided with a second through hole and a rectangular slot, some of the second through holes being connected to the first through holes, and some of the second through holes being located at the edge of the first metal plate, the rectangular slot array being arranged on the first metal plate, the rectangular slots partially overlapping with some of the second through holes in the middle region; and a second metal plate, the second metal plate being provided with a third through hole, the third through hole being connected to the second through hole. The present invention provides several rectangular slots perpendicular to the central axis of the substrate integrated waveguide structure and periodically spaced at a certain distance. By adjusting the position, length, and width of the rectangular slots, the axial ratio, return loss, and insertion loss of the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna of the present invention can be affected when achieving left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization.

[0009] Optionally, the intermediate dielectric substrate further comprises: metal strips symmetrically arranged at the edge of the first metal plate, and some of the second through holes are distributed at the edge of the metal strips. The present invention arranges the metal strips on the intermediate substrate mainly to facilitate grounding.

[0010] Optionally, the lower dielectric substrate includes: a fourth through-hole, the fourth through-hole communicating with a portion of the third through-hole; and a third metal plate and a fourth metal plate, the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate being disposed at opposite ends of the lower dielectric substrate, respectively, and located on a side of the lower dielectric substrate away from the intermediate dielectric substrate. By disposing the third and fourth metal plates on the bottom surface of the lower dielectric substrate, the present invention increases the grounding area and further ensures a good grounding effect.

[0011] Optionally, the bias circuit includes: a DC bias line electrically connected to the antenna unit; and an anti-interference structure electrically connected to the DC bias line, wherein the cross-section of the anti-interference structure is sector-shaped. This structure of the present invention can effectively improve the anti-interference capability of the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna.

[0012] Optionally, the substrate-integrated waveguide-based polarization-adjustable patch array antenna further includes: a grounding hole extending through the upper dielectric substrate; and a grounding metal sheet electrically connected to the grounding hole and disposed around the antenna unit. The present invention utilizes a structure combining a grounding hole and a grounding metal sheet, resulting in high integration and ease of implementation.

[0013] Optionally, one end of the control switch is electrically connected to the antenna unit, and the other end of the control switch is electrically connected to the ground metal sheet. The present invention uses the control switch to control the radiation state of the antenna unit, thereby achieving antenna polarization regulation, and its control is simple and easy to implement.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention also provides a polarization control method, comprising the following steps: providing a polarization adjustable patch array antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide as described in the first aspect of the present invention; controlling the state of the control switch through the bias circuit, thereby controlling the radiation state of the antenna unit to achieve antenna polarization control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 A top view of the upper dielectric substrate of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the upper dielectric substrate of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 A top view of the intermediate dielectric substrate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 A top view of the lower dielectric substrate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the lower dielectric substrate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the bias circuit and sector structure for the right-hand circularly polarized antenna unit;

[0023] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of loading Pin diode for right-handed circularly polarized unit;

[0024] Figure 10 This is a graph showing the variation of the simulated axial ratio with frequency on the azimuth plane in the "11111" state according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 11 This is a graph showing the variation of the simulated axial ratio with frequency on the azimuth plane in the "00000" state according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 12 This is the simulated vertical plane radiation pattern of the embodiment of the present invention at 14.81 GHz in the "11111" state;

[0027] Figure 13 This is the simulated vertical plane radiation pattern of the embodiment of the present invention in the "00000" state at 14.81 GHz;

[0028] Figure 14 This is a graph showing the variation of the simulated S parameters with frequency in the "11111" state of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 15 This is a graph showing the variation of the simulated S parameters with frequency in the "00000" state of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 17 This is a flow chart of an embodiment of the polarization control method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details are not necessarily required to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0033] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combinations and / or subcombinations in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0034] See Figures 1 to 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides a substrate-integrated waveguide-based polarization-tunable patch array antenna. The substrate-integrated waveguide-based polarization-tunable patch array antenna can be rectangular in shape and is stacked from top to bottom using an upper dielectric substrate 1, an intermediate dielectric substrate 2, and a lower dielectric substrate 3. In this embodiment, the upper dielectric substrate 1, the intermediate dielectric substrate 2, and the lower dielectric substrate 3 can all be made of Rogers 4350B sheet material, which has a relative dielectric constant of 3.66 and a thickness of 0.508 mm. The upper dielectric substrate 1, the intermediate dielectric substrate 2, and the lower dielectric substrate 3 can be pressed together to form the substrate-integrated waveguide-based polarization-tunable patch array antenna. In another embodiment, the upper dielectric substrate 1, the intermediate dielectric substrate 2, and the lower dielectric substrate 3 can have different sizes and shapes. In an optional embodiment, the upper dielectric substrate 1, the intermediate dielectric substrate 2, and the lower dielectric substrate 3 can also have different thicknesses and dielectric constants.

[0035] In this embodiment, the upper dielectric substrate 1 includes a plurality of spaced-apart antenna units 4 and a control switch 20 located on a first side and a second side of each antenna unit 4, wherein the first side and the second side are arranged in parallel. The antenna units 4 can be arranged at equal intervals. Furthermore, the distance between the antenna units 4 can be selected based on actual needs, which is not listed here. In another embodiment, the antenna units 4 can also be arranged at unequal intervals.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the cross-section of the antenna unit 4 is a rectangle with two cut corners, the two cut corners being located on diagonals of the rectangle, and the cross-section of the cut corners is triangular. Furthermore, each antenna unit 4 can be made of metal. The antenna unit of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to use in practical production.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, each of the antenna units 4 further includes a first through hole 7, wherein the first through hole 7 may be a cylindrical through hole, located at the center of the antenna unit 4, and also passing through the upper dielectric substrate 1. The antenna unit 4 can be connected to the bias circuit through the first through hole 7.

[0038] See Figures 4 and 5 In this embodiment, the intermediate dielectric substrate 2 is arranged on a side of the upper dielectric substrate 1 away from the antenna unit 4, and a substrate integrated waveguide structure is formed on the intermediate dielectric substrate 2; the lower dielectric substrate 3 is arranged on a side of the intermediate dielectric substrate 2 away from the upper dielectric substrate 1, and a bias circuit is formed on the lower dielectric substrate 3, and the bias circuit is used to control the radiation state of the antenna unit 4.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, the intermediate layer dielectric substrate 2 includes: a first metal plate 11, the first metal plate 11 is provided with a second through hole 13 and a rectangular slit 12, part of the second through hole 13 in the middle area is connected to the first through hole 7, part of the second through hole 13 is located at the edge of the first metal plate 11, the rectangular slit 12 is arranged in an array on the first metal plate 11, and partially overlaps with part of the second through holes (circular slits) 13 in the middle area; a second metal plate 15, the second metal plate 15 is provided with a third through hole 16, and the third through hole 16 is connected to the second through hole 13.

[0040] Please look back Figure 5 The third through holes 16 include a third through hole 16 located in the middle region of the second metal plate 15 and a third through hole 16 located in the edge region of the second metal plate 15. These through holes correspond to and communicate with the second through holes 13 on the first metal plate 11. The first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 15 can be made of the same material. In another embodiment, the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 15 can also be made of different materials. Furthermore, the first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 15 can be made of one or more of titanium, nickel, or other metals and alloys.

[0041] The first metal plate 11 and the second metal plate 15 of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate 2 of the present invention, as well as the second through hole 13 that penetrates the edge area, together constitute a substrate integrated waveguide structure. The present invention has several rectangular slots 12 opened perpendicular to the central axis of the substrate integrated waveguide structure, and the rectangular slots 12 are periodically placed at a certain distance. By adjusting the position, length, and width of the rectangular slots 12, the axial ratio, return loss, and insertion loss of the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna of the present invention when achieving left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization can be affected.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the intermediate dielectric substrate 2 further includes metal strips 10, which are symmetrically arranged at the edges of the first metal plate 11, and a portion of the second through-holes 14 are distributed on the metal strips 10. Furthermore, the metal strips 10 specifically include four metal strips 10, which are distributed on two opposite edges of the first metal plate 11. The present invention provides the metal strips 10 on the intermediate substrate primarily to facilitate grounding.

[0043] See Figures 6 and 7 In an optional embodiment, the lower dielectric substrate 3 includes: a fourth through hole, which communicates with a portion of the third through holes 16, wherein the fourth through holes include a fourth through hole located in the center region of the lower dielectric substrate 3 and a fourth through hole located at the edge of the lower dielectric substrate 3; and the lower dielectric substrate 3 also includes a third metal plate and a fourth metal plate, respectively disposed at opposite ends of the lower dielectric substrate 3 and on a side of the lower dielectric substrate 3 away from the intermediate dielectric substrate 2. In one embodiment, the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate are both rectangular metal plates 17, and their orthographic projections on the lower dielectric substrate 3 at least partially overlap with the lower dielectric substrate 3. The present invention increases the grounding area by disposing the third and fourth metal plates on the bottom surface of the lower dielectric substrate 3, further ensuring a good grounding effect.

[0044] See Figure 8 In an optional embodiment, the bias circuit includes a DC bias line 19, and the DC bias line 19 is electrically connected to the antenna unit 4 respectively. The bias circuit also includes a square interference structure 18, and the square interference structure 18 is electrically connected to the DC bias line 19, and the cross-section of the square interference structure 18 is fan-shaped. In the present invention, other designs of the bias circuit can refer to the existing technology. Since it is not the core invention of the present invention, it is not recorded in this application document; the above-mentioned structure of the present invention can effectively improve the anti-interference ability of the polarization-adjustable circularly polarized patch array antenna.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the polarization-tunable circularly polarized patch array antenna further includes: a grounding hole 6 extending through the upper dielectric substrate 1; and a grounding metal sheet 5 electrically connected to the grounding hole 6 and disposed around the right-handed circularly polarized antenna unit 4 and the left-handed circularly polarized antenna unit 4. The present invention utilizes the structure of the grounding hole 6 and the grounding metal sheet 5, which has the advantage of being simple and easy to implement.

[0046] See Figure 9In an optional embodiment, one end of the control switch 20 is electrically connected to the antenna unit 4, and the other end of the control switch 20 is electrically connected to the ground metal sheet 5. The present invention controls the radiation state of the antenna unit 4 by utilizing the control switch 20, thereby achieving regulation of the antenna polarization, and its control is simple and has high precision. Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, the control switch 20 can adopt, including but not limited to, a Pin switch diode, and each of the antenna units 4 can be controlled by two Pin switch diodes. The connection method can be specifically referred to the accompanying drawings. It can be seen from the figure that the two Pin switch diodes are respectively located on the two sides of the antenna unit 4. Furthermore, the two sides are two opposite sides of the antenna unit 4 along the edge of the upper dielectric substrate 1.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna may further include an SMA connector 8 and a microstrip line matching structure 9. The SMA connector 8 is connected to the substrate integrated waveguide structure on the intermediate layer dielectric substrate 2 through the microstrip line matching structure 9. The antenna array formed by the antenna unit 4 can be fed through the SMA connector 8. In addition, the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna can also use microstrip lines to realize the transmission of electrical signals.

[0048] In one embodiment, the antenna unit 4 of the present invention is loaded with a Pin switch diode schematic diagram as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown, in actual applications, by controlling the on and off states of the Pin switch diode in the access circuit, the working states of different antenna units in the polarization adjustable patch array antenna of the present invention are changed, thereby controlling the polarization state of the polarization adjustable patch array antenna. Figure 9 As for the antenna unit 4 loaded with a Pin switching diode shown in the figure, two Pin switching diodes are loaded around each antenna unit 4. When the two Pin switching diodes are in the cut-off state, the antenna unit 4 is in a normal working state, which is recorded as the "1" state, that is, the antenna unit 4 is working normally and radiates circularly polarized waves; and when the two Pin switching diodes are in the on state, the antenna unit 4 is grounded and is in an abnormal working state, which is recorded as the "0" state, that is, the antenna unit 4 is in an abnormal working state and radiates linearly polarized waves.

[0049] See Figure 10-11, for the patch array antenna described in the present invention, it is composed of 5 identical antenna units 4 with consistent spacing. Control the on and off states of the Pin switch diodes in the access circuit so that all antenna units are in normal working state, that is, the array antenna works in the "11111" state. At this time, the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna described in the present invention radiates circularly polarized waves; similarly, when the on and off states of the Pin switch diodes in the access circuit are controlled so that all antenna units 4 are in abnormal working state, that is, the array antenna works in the "00000" state, the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna described in the present invention radiates linearly polarized waves. Furthermore, in Figure 10-11 In the figure, the simulated axial ratio of the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna of the present invention under different Pin switch diode loading modes of the circular polarization unit, namely the "11111" state and the "00000" state, varies with frequency in its azimuth plane. It can be seen that the axial ratio characteristics of the overall array antenna of the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna of the present invention under different Pin switch diode loading modes at a frequency of 14.81 GHz are as follows: the axial ratio of the patch array antenna of the present invention is relatively good in the "11111" state at a frequency of 14.81 GHz, which means that the patch array antenna of the present invention radiates circularly polarized waves in the "11111" state; at the same time, it can be seen that the axial ratio of the patch array antenna of the present invention is relatively poor in the "00000" state at a frequency of 14.81 GHz, which means that the patch array antenna of the present invention radiates linearly polarized waves in the "00000" state. Therefore, the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna of the present invention can realize the circular polarization performance and linear polarization performance of the array antenna while also freely adjusting the circular polarization and linear polarization. The overall structure is very compact and easy to implement.

[0050] Figure 12-13 The figure shows the vertical plane radiation pattern of the array antenna described in the present invention at a frequency of 14.81 GHz under different Pin diode loading modes, namely the "11111" state and the "00000" state. It can be seen that the polarization of the array antenna described in the present invention also changes under different states, from circular polarization in the "11111" state to linear polarization in the "00000" state. At the same time, the radiation pattern does not deteriorate due to the switching of polarization. This shows that the patch array antenna described in the present invention has the function of switching between circular polarization and linear polarization. Figure 14-15This is a graph showing the changes in simulated return loss and insertion loss of the patch array antenna described in the present invention with frequency under different Pin diode loading modes, namely, the "11111" and "00000" states. It can be seen that the S parameters of the patch array antenna described in the present invention when radiating circularly polarized waves in the "11111" state and in the "00000" state, namely, linearly polarized waves, have no problems within the frequency band of 14.47GHz to 15.12GHz, indicating that the patch array antenna described in the present invention can still work normally in two different polarization states.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, since the right-hand circular polarization unit is a left-hand circular polarization unit according to the center mirror image, the switching between left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization and linear polarization can be achieved under the control of the same bias circuit. Figure 16 , the left-hand circularly polarized antenna unit 21 can be obtained by mirroring the right-hand circularly polarized antenna unit according to its center. The operation of the center mirror can be selected according to actual conditions and will not be listed here one by one. The way of connecting the bias circuit is consistent with the antenna unit 4 described in this article. Similarly, this embodiment radiates left-hand circularly polarized waves in the "11111" state and radiates linearly polarized waves in the "00000" state. At the same time, this embodiment achieves array polarization control while the directional pattern and S parameters are not degraded. Alternatively, in another optional embodiment, the right-hand circularly polarized antenna unit 21 can be obtained by mirroring the left-hand circularly polarized antenna unit according to its center. The operation of the center mirror can be selected according to actual conditions and will not be listed here one by one. The way of connecting the bias circuit is consistent with the antenna unit 4 described in this article. Similarly, this embodiment radiates right-hand circularly polarized waves in the "11111" state and radiates linearly polarized waves in the "00000" state. At the same time, this embodiment achieves array polarization control while the directional pattern and S parameters are not degraded. Therefore, the patch array antenna described in the present invention can realize switching between right-hand circular polarization and linear polarization and switching between left-hand circular polarization and linear polarization. There is no obvious deterioration of the radiation pattern and S parameters during polarization switching. The overall structure is very compact and easy to implement.

[0052] See Figure 17 Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a polarization control method, which includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Provide polarization-adjustable patch array antenna;

[0054] S2. Control the state of the control switch through the bias circuit, thereby controlling the radiation state of the antenna unit feed and achieving antenna polarization regulation.

[0055] Among them, the specific structure and function of the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna can refer to the aforementioned relevant embodiments of the polarization-adjustable patch array antenna of the present invention, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity; in addition, the specific steps for antenna polarization control can also refer to the above description.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes substrate integrated waveguides to feed the antenna unit and introduces a control method so that the antenna can achieve free polarization control while also maintaining the normal radiation pattern of the antenna unit. The overall antenna size is very compact and easy to integrate.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide, characterized in that: include: an upper dielectric substrate, the upper dielectric substrate comprising a plurality of spaced-apart antenna units and a control switch located on a first side and a second side of each antenna unit, the first side and the second side being arranged in parallel; an intermediate dielectric substrate, the intermediate dielectric substrate being arranged on a side of the upper dielectric substrate away from the antenna unit, and having a substrate integrated waveguide structure formed thereon; a lower dielectric substrate, the lower dielectric substrate being disposed on a side of the intermediate dielectric substrate facing away from the upper dielectric substrate, the lower dielectric substrate being provided with a bias circuit, the bias circuit being used to control a radiation state of the antenna unit; The polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide further includes: a grounding hole, the grounding hole penetrating the upper dielectric substrate; a grounding metal sheet, the grounding metal sheet being electrically connected to the grounding hole and being arranged around the antenna unit; One end of the control switch is electrically connected to the antenna unit, and the other end of the control switch is electrically connected to the ground metal sheet; The control switch is used to control the radiation state of the antenna unit, thereby achieving regulation of antenna polarization.

2. The polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the antenna unit is in the shape of a rectangle with two cut corners, and the two cut corners are located on diagonals of the rectangle.

3. The polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna unit further includes a first through hole, and the first through hole is located at the center of the antenna unit.

4. The polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intermediate layer dielectric substrate comprises: a first metal plate, wherein the first metal plate is provided with second through holes and rectangular slits, wherein some of the second through holes are connected to the first through holes, and some of the second through holes are located at the edge of the first metal plate, and the rectangular slits are arranged in an array on the first metal plate, and the rectangular slits partially overlap with some of the second through holes in the middle area; The second metal plate is provided with a third through hole, and the third through hole is connected to the second through hole.

5. The polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intermediate layer dielectric substrate further comprises: A metal strip is symmetrically arranged at an edge of the first metal plate, and some of the second through holes are distributed at the edge of the metal strip.

6. The polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower dielectric substrate comprises: a fourth through hole, the fourth through hole being connected to a portion of the third through hole; The third metal plate and the fourth metal plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the lower dielectric substrate, and the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate are located on a side of the lower dielectric substrate away from the middle dielectric substrate.

7. The polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The bias circuit comprises: a DC bias line electrically connected to the antenna unit; An anti-interference structure is electrically connected to the DC bias line, and the cross-section of the anti-interference structure is fan-shaped.

8. A control method, characterized in that: The steps include: Provide a polarization-adjustable patch array antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The bias circuit controls the state of the control switch, thereby controlling the radiation state of the antenna unit and achieving antenna polarization regulation.

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