On-load tap changer and tap transformer having on-load tap changer

Abstract

The present invention relates to an on-load tap-changer (1) for performing uninterrupted load conversion between different winding taps of a tap transformer (30), comprising: - an on-load tap-changer board (2), - a selector (5), - an on-load converter (6), wherein: - the selector (5) and the on-load converter (6) are mounted on the on-load tap-changer board (2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a on-load tap-changer for performing an uninterrupted load conversion between different winding taps of a tap transformer.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a tap transformer having a on-load tap-changer for performing an uninterrupted load conversion between different winding taps of the tap transformer. Background Art

[0003] On-load tap-changers are known from the prior art and mostly have an on-load converter and a selector. The on-load converter having vacuum switching tubes and transition resistors is arranged in a cylindrical container. The selector consists of a plurality of rods arranged in a circle. Contacts are arranged on these rods in different planes and serve as connections for adjusting the windings. Inside the selector, two selector arms are fastened to a switch column. These selector arms contact the contacts on the rods. The on-load converter and the selector are interconnected via a transmission mechanism.

[0004] The contacts of the selector are connected to the winding taps of the regulating winding. Since the contacts are arranged in a circle, the lines for adjusting the winding must be designed to be very long in part. Here, the lines in the tap transformer require a particularly large space because the specified insulation distances between the lines must be observed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a on-load tap-changer which is simply and compactly constructed and can thus be simply and space-savingly installed in a tap transformer.

[0006] This object is solved by a on-load tap-changer according to the present invention.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a tap transformer having a on-load tap-changer which is simply and compactly constructed.

[0008] This object is solved by a tap transformer according to the present invention.

[0009] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a on-load tap-changer for performing an uninterrupted load conversion between different winding taps of a tap transformer, comprising a on-load tap-changer board, a selector and an on-load converter, wherein the selector and the on-load converter are mounted on the on-load tap-changer board. The on-load converter includes vacuum switching tubes, transition resistors and a bridge switch. The selector includes a first selector arm, a second selector arm and a preselector. The first selector arm is mounted on a first side of the on-load tap-changer board, and the second selector arm and the preselector are mounted on a second side opposite to the first side of the on-load tap-changer board.

[0010] By mounting the on-load tap changer and the selector, and in particular the individual components, on the on-load tap-changer board, the on-load tap-changer becomes generally smaller and more compact. Compared with the on-load tap-changers known from the prior art, the on-load tap-changer board can be arranged in the tap transformer in a particularly space-saving manner and connected in a different way to other on-load tap-changer boards.

[0011] It can be provided that the on-load tap changer includes vacuum switching tubes, transition resistors, and bridge switches.

[0012] The on-load tap changer can be constructed in any manner and method as required and, for example, includes at least one additional or further vacuum switching tube and / or additional or further transition resistors and / or additional or further bridge switches.

[0013] The on-load tap changer can be constructed in any manner and method as required and, for example, includes at least one current-limiting element or a connection for a current-limiting element. The current-limiting element can be constructed as a transition resistor, reactance, varistor, or the like.

[0014] It can be provided that the vacuum switching tubes are mounted on the first side of the on-load tap-changer board, and the transition resistors and the bridge switches are mounted on the opposite second side of the on-load tap-changer board. This is particularly space-saving because the main components are distributed on both sides of the on-load tap-changer board. The structural space is optimally utilized.

[0015] The on-load tap-changer can be constructed in any manner and method as required and, for example, has vacuum switching tubes and / or transition resistors and / or bridge switches arranged only on the first side or only on the second side.

[0016] It can be provided that the selector includes a first selector arm, a second selector arm, and selector contacts. Here, the selector contacts extend from the first side of the on-load tap-changer board to the second side of the on-load tap-changer board. It can be provided that the selector includes a preselector.

[0017] It can be provided that the first selector arm is mounted on the first side of the on-load tap-changer board and the second selector arm and the preselector are mounted on the opposite second side of the on-load tap-changer board.

[0018] The selector can be constructed in any manner and method as required and, for example, is configured rotatably or linearly. As required, the selector arms can be arranged on the first side of the on-load tap-changer board and the preselector can be arranged on the second side of the on-load tap-changer board. The preselector can also be designed rotatably or linearly.

[0019] It can be stipulated that the on-load tap-changer board is configured to be square and on one side, connectors for the selector are arranged in a wall element. The targeted arrangement of the selector connectors on one side facilitates the connection of these selector connectors to the tapping of the regulating winding of the tap transformer.

[0020] It can be stipulated that the on-load tap-changer has three on-load tap-changer boards, each of which has an on-load converter and a selector. These three on-load tap-changer boards are then mechanically connected to each other by a frame. The on-load converter and the selector on the on-load tap-changer board are actuated by a common drive shaft by means of a Maltese gear, a driver, a gear or the like.

[0021] The frame can be constructed in any way and method as required and consists, for example, of four rods and a top plate. The on-load tap-changer board is then connected to the rods in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner.

[0022] These on-load tap-changer boards can be arranged arbitrarily relative to each other. For example, the on-load tap-changer boards can be arranged horizontally or vertically in different planes. In addition, the on-load tap-changer boards can be arranged horizontally or vertically in a common plane.

[0023] According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a tap transformer having an on-load tap-changer, the on-load tap-changer being arranged inside the tap transformer beside and / or above and / or below the active component.

[0024] It can be stipulated that the on-load tap-changer board of the on-load tap-changer is oriented horizontally or vertically relative to the active component.

[0025] It can be stipulated that a motor for actuating the drive shaft of the on-load tap-changer is arranged inside or outside the tap transformer.

[0026] It can be stipulated that the motor is directly connected to the drive shaft or indirectly connected to the drive shaft of the on-load tap-changer by a transmission mechanism, a bevel gear transmission mechanism or a connecting rod.

[0027] It can be stipulated that the on-load tap-changer is fastened to the yoke or the housing of the active component via a top plate, in particular fastened to the cover or the wall of the tap transformer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention and its advantages will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Shown are:

[0029] Figure 1a and Figure 1b showing a first embodiment of the on-load tap-changer;

[0030] Figure 2Shows a second embodiment of the on-load tap-changer;

[0031] Figures 3 to 14 Shows a tap transformer having different embodiments and arrangements of on-load tap-changers. Detailed Embodiment

[0032] The same reference numerals are used for the same or functionally equivalent elements of the present invention. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only the reference numerals necessary for describing the respective drawings are shown in the individual drawings. The embodiments shown are merely examples of how an on-load tap-changer according to the present invention can be constructed; and are therefore not an ultimate limitation of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1a and Figure 1b Shows an on-load tap-changer 1 according to the present invention. The on-load tap-changer has an essentially rectangular on-load tap-changer board 2, which is configured as a cube, cuboid or right parallelepiped. The on-load tap-changer board 2 has a first side 3 and an opposite second side 4. A selector 5 and an on-load converter 6 are mounted on the on-load tap-changer board 2. The on-load converter 6 has a vacuum switch tube 7, a transition resistor 8 and a bridge switch 9. The selector 5 has a first selector arm 5.1 and a second selector arm 5.2. Furthermore, the selector 5 has selector contacts, which are connected via respective connectors 10 to the winding taps of an adjusting winding (not shown here).

[0034] The selector 5 is designed to be rotatable in the embodiment shown here. Here, the selector contacts are arranged in a circle and extend from the first side 3 through the on-load tap-changer board 2 to the second side 4. The selector arms 5.1, 5.2 are rotatably supported on a support shaft and perform a rotational movement in which the respective selector contacts are brought into conductive contact. The first selector arm 5.1 is arranged on the first side 3 of the on-load tap-changer board 2 and the second selector arm 5.2 is arranged on the opposite second side 4. The selector contacts are also arranged on both sides 3, 4 of the on-load tap-changer board 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, the individual components of the on-load converter 6 are also arranged on the first side 3 and the second side 4 of the on-load tap-changer board 2. The bridge switch 9 is mounted on the second side 4. The vacuum switch tube 7 and the transition resistor 8 are mounted on the first side 3. However, it is possible that all components of the on-load converter 6 are mounted or arranged on the first side 3 or the second side 4 of the on-load tap-changer board 2.

[0036] In the embodiment shown here, the on-load tap-changer 1 has exactly one vacuum switch tube 7 and exactly one bridge switch 9. However, it is also possible that multiple vacuum switch tubes, multiple bridge switches, and additional switches or switch contacts are also mounted on the on-load tap-changer board 2. The transition resistor 8 is of modular design and can be expanded as required, that is, increased or decreased.

[0037] The on-load tap-changer board 2 is made of an insulating material such as plastic, polyamide, polyphthalamide with glass fibers, GFK, or kraft paper. The on-load tap-changer board 2 can be designed as a plastic injection molding.

[0038] The on-load tap-changer board 2 has wall elements 11, 12 on its outer edge. The connections 10 of the selector 5 and in particular the selector contacts are arranged in the first wall element 11 of the on-load tap-changer board 2. The connection for the star point is arranged in the opposite second wall element 12 of the second outer edge of the on-load tap-changer board 2. By arranging all the connections 10 of the selector 5 in the wall element 11, that is, on one side of the on-load tap-changer board 2, the on-load tap-changer 2 can be oriented or placed particularly optimally in the direction of the regulating winding. The connection of the selector 5 to the regulating winding becomes particularly simple.

[0039] Alternatively, instead of the transition resistor 8, any current-limiting element can also be arranged or mounted on the on-load tap-changer board 2. Here, the element can be an inductance in the form of a coil or winding or can also be a varistor. Alternatively, connections can be provided on the on-load tap-changer board, which allow, for example, an inductance to be connected that is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the on-load tap-changer board.

[0040] Figure 2 The on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention is shown, which has three on-load tap-changer boards 2. These on-load tap-changer boards are mechanically connected to each other by four rods 20 and a top plate 21. The rods 20 and the top plate 21 form a frame 22. A motor 23 for operating the on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged on the top plate 21. Here, the motor 23 drives a drive shaft 24, which extends through the three on-load tap-changer boards 2 and operates the corresponding on-load converters 6 and selectors 5 here. In the embodiment shown here, the three on-load tap-changer boards 2 are arranged horizontally one above the other in three planes. However, it is also possible that the three on-load tap-changer boards 2 are arranged side by side in one plane. Furthermore, it is possible to combine only a single on-load tap-changer board 2 and the top plate 21. Then a motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21, which operates the on-load tap-changer 1 via the drive shaft 24. The connections 10 of the respective selectors 5 are arranged on one side of the on-load tap-changer board or are oriented in a common direction.

[0041] Figure 3Shows a first embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 with a on-load tap-changer 1 according to the present invention. The on-load tap-changer 1 includes three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally and stacked beside the active component 31. Here, the motor 23 on the top plate 21 is arranged within the tap-changing transformer 30. The energy supply to the motor 23 by the control unit 14 is carried out through a cable 32 guided from the inside to the outside of the tap-changing transformer 30. Here, the on-load tap-changer 1 is fastened to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or the cover 34 of the tap-changing transformer 30. The connection 10 of the selector is preferably aligned with the active component 31 and thus with the taps of the regulating winding.

[0042] Figure 4 Shows a further embodiment of the tap-changing transformer 30, in which the motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30; here on the cover 34. The motor 23 can also be arranged on any other outer wall of the tap-changing transformer 30. However, then the motor is connected to the on-load tap-changer 2 and in particular to its drive shaft 24 by means of a linkage or bevel gear drive. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or on the cover 34 via the top plate 21.

[0043] Figure 5 Shows a further embodiment of the tap-changing transformer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged above the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged vertically side by side with each other. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or on the cover 34 via the top plate 21. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0044] Figure 6 Shows a further embodiment of the tap-changing transformer 30 with an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged below the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged vertically side by side with each other. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or on the bottom component via the top plate 21. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0045] Figure 7Shows a further embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 having an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged above the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally side by side in a plane. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. This arrangement of the on-load tap-changer plates 2 in a plane is particularly space-saving. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened via the top plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or to the cover 34. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0046] Figure 8 Shows a further embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 having an on-load tap-changer 2. The on-load tap-changer 2 is arranged below the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally side by side in a plane. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened via the top plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or to the bottom component. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0047] Figure 9 Shows a further embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 having an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged beside the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally one above the other in a plane. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. This arrangement variant is also particularly space-saving. The on-load tap-changer 1 can thus be arranged particularly close to the active component 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened via the top plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or to the cover 34. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0048] Figure 10 Shows a further embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 having an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged below the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally side by side in a plane. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened via the top plate 21 to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or to the bottom component. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0049] Figure 11Shows a further embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 having an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged above the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally side by side in a plane. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or to the cover 34 via the top plate 21. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0050] Figure 12 Shows a further embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 having an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged in front of, behind or beside the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally side by side in a plane. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. This arrangement variant is also particularly space-saving. The on-load tap-changer 1 can thus be installed particularly close to the active component 31. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened to the yoke 33, the cover 34 or the wall of the active component 31 via the top plate 21. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0051] Figure 13 Shows a further embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 having an on-load tap-changer 1. The on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged in the upper region beside the active component 31 here. The on-load tap-changer 1 has three on-load tap-changer plates 2, which are arranged horizontally one behind the other. Here, the motor 23 is also arranged on the top plate 21 within the tap-changing transformer 30. This arrangement variant is also particularly space-saving. The on-load tap-changer 1 can thus be installed particularly close to the active component 31. The housing of the tap-changing transformer 30 can be designed particularly space-saving. The volume below the on-load tap-changer 1 can be dispensed with. The on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened to the yoke 33 of the active component 31 or to the cover 34 via the top plate 21. The motor 23 of the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30.

[0052] Figure 14 Shows a further embodiment of a tap-changing transformer 30 having three on-load tap-changers 1. Each on-load tap-changer 1 has a top plate 21 and an on-load tap-changer plate 2 respectively. In addition, a motor 23 is arranged on each top plate 21. All the motors 23 are connected to a control unit 14 arranged outside the tap-changing transformer 30. As required, the individual on-load tap-changers 1 can be arranged differently near the active component. This embodiment is also particularly space-saving. The housing of the tap-changing transformer 30 can be designed particularly space-saving.

[0053] According to a further embodiment not shown here, the on-load tap-changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tap transformer 30. The tap transformer is then screwed or fastened to the tap transformer in its own housing. Here, the motor 23 can also be arranged outside the housing of the on-load tap-changer 1 or in the housing of the on-load tap-changer 1.

[0054] List of reference numerals

[0055] 1 On-load tap-changer

[0056] 2 On-load tap-changer board

[0057] 3 First side

[0058] 4 Second side

[0059] 5 Selector

[0060] 5.1 First selector arm

[0061] 5.2 Second selector arm

[0062] 6 On-load converter

[0063] 7 Vacuum switch tube

[0064] 8 Transition resistor

[0065] 9 Bridge switch

[0066] 10 Connector

[0067] 11 First wall element

[0068] 12 Second wall element

[0069] 13 Preselector

[0070] 14 Control unit

[0071] 20 Rod

[0072] 21 Top plate

[0073] 22 Frame

[0074] 23 Motor

[0075] 24 Drive shaft

[0076] 30 Tap transformer

[0077] 31 Active component

[0078] 32 Cable

[0079] 33 Yoke

[0080] 34 Cover

Claims

1. A on-load tap-changer (1) for performing uninterrupted load conversion between different winding taps of a tapped transformer (30), the on-load tap-changer comprising: - On-load tap-changer board (2), - Selector (5), - On-load converter (6), wherein: - The selector (5) and the on-load converter (6) are mounted on the on-load tap-changer board (2), - The on-load converter (6) includes a vacuum switch tube (7) and a bridge switch (9), characterized in that - The on-load converter includes a transfer resistor (8); - The selector (5) includes a first selector arm (5.1), a second selector arm (5.2) and a preselector (13), - The first selector arm (5.1) is mounted on the first side (3) of the on-load tap-changer board (2), and the second selector arm (5.2) and the preselector (13) are mounted on the opposite second side (4) of the on-load tap-changer board (2), - The vacuum switch tube (7) is mounted on the first side (3) of the on-load tap-changer board (2), and the transfer resistor (8) and the bridge switch (9) are mounted on the opposite second side (4) of the on-load tap-changer board (2).

2. The on-load tap-changer (1) according to claim 1, wherein, - The on-load tap-changer board (2) is configured to be square and has a first wall element (11); - In the first wall element (11), a connector (10) for the selector (5) is arranged.

3. The on-load tap-changer (1) according to claim 2, wherein, The connectors of the selector contacts are arranged in the first wall element at the first outer edge of the on-load tap-changer board, while the connectors for the star point are arranged in the opposite second wall element at the second outer edge of the on-load tap-changer board.

4. The on-load tap-changer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, - Three on-load tap-changer boards (2) are provided, and each of the three on-load tap-changer boards has an on-load converter (6) and a selector (5); - The three on-load tap-changer boards (2) are mechanically connected to each other by a frame (22); - The on-load converter (6) and the selector (5) on each on-load tap-changer board (2) are operated by a common drive shaft (24).

5. A tapped transformer (30) having an on-load tap-changer (1), the on-load tap-changer being the on-load tap-changer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, - The tap transformer (30) has a housing; - Active components (31) are arranged within the housing of the tap transformer (30); - The on-load tap-changer (1) is arranged beside, above or below the active components (31) within the housing of the tap transformer.

6. The tapped transformer (30) having an on-load tap-changer (1) according to claim 5, wherein, - The on-load tap-changer board (2) of the on-load tap-changer (1) is oriented horizontally or vertically with respect to the active components (31).

7. The tapped transformer (30) having an on-load tap-changer (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, - A motor (23) for operating the drive shaft (24) of the on-load tap-changer (1) is provided, and the motor is arranged within the housing of the tap transformer (30) or outside the housing of the tap transformer (30).

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