A composite damping vibration damping tool fixture

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite damping and vibration reduction tool fixture. The device consists of a chassis, an electromagnet, a lead screw bearing seat, a first magnetorheological elastomer partition, a magnetorheological elastomer, a second magnetorheological elastomer partition, a pressure sensor, a sensor partition, a lead screw, a top frame, a lead screw gear, an intermediate gear shaft, an intermediate gear bearing, an intermediate gear, a motor gear, a motor frame, a motor, a spring support rod, a damping spring, a motor driver, a vibration sensor, a tool, a controller, a PWM DC power supply, a neural network control system, a spring support rod hole position, and a lead screw nut; the present invention can integrate the vibration reduction system on the tool fixture, has strong versatility; combines the advantages of magnetorheological elastomer damping and vibration reduction and spring damping and vibration reduction, well realizes the coordinated response of large-range mechanical adjustment and small-range rapid fine adjustment of damping, is easy to be intelligently controlled, thereby suppressing tool vibration and realizing precision machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a tool fixture, and in particular to a composite damping vibration reduction tool fixture. Background Art

[0002] During the machining process, due to the relative movement between the tool and the machined part, chatter is very likely to occur during machining. Chatter is the vibration phenomenon that occurs during the machining process of the tool. This phenomenon often causes many adverse consequences. For example, the movement of the tool tip will leave scratches on the surface of the workpiece due to vibration, resulting in poor surface roughness, seriously affecting the machining accuracy, and reducing the yield rate of parts; vibration will also cause the tool to wear too fast, and even chipping may occur, affecting the service life of the tool, and even damaging the fit of the machine tool, resulting in poor machining accuracy of the machine tool.

[0003] In order to suppress tool vibration, the currently adopted methods mainly include material damping, damping vibration reduction, friction damping, dynamic damping, etc. Magnetorheological elastomer is a kind of magnetorheological material. It mainly mixes micron-sized ferromagnetic particles in a rubber matrix, and after adding additives, it is cured and formed in a mold. When the magnetic field strength applied around the magnetorheological elastomer changes, its mechanical properties will also change. It has excellent properties such as fast response speed and good reversibility of magnetorheological materials, and at the same time has the performance of elastomer vibration reduction.

[0004] Magnetorheological elastomers are used in tool vibration reduction due to their excellent properties, but there are still some deficiencies. For example, in the current magnetorheological elastomer vibration reduction tools, the magnetorheological elastomer is embedded inside the tool, and its damping system can only be used on this tool, with low usage efficiency; the damping of the magnetorheological elastomer can change with the change of the applied magnetic field strength, but its change range is small and its adaptability is weak. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a composite damping vibration reduction tool fixture, aiming to solve the problems of low universality of the damping vibration reduction system and difficult adjustment of the damping force magnitude in the current damping vibration reduction tool field.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A composite damping vibration reduction tool fixture, comprising:

[0008] Base frame, electromagnet, lead screw bearing seat, first magnetorheological elastomer partition, magnetorheological elastomer, second magnetorheological elastomer partition, pressure sensor, sensor partition, lead screw, top frame, lead screw gear, intermediate gear shaft, intermediate gear bearing, intermediate gear, motor gear, motor frame, motor, spring support rod, damping spring, motor driver, vibration sensor, tool, controller, PWM DC power supply, neural network control system, spring support rod hole position, lead screw nut;

[0009] Two electromagnets are installed on the base frame; optionally, the magnetic pole placement directions of the two electromagnets are opposite, with the N pole of one electromagnet facing up and the S pole of the other electromagnet facing up, and the power supplies of the two electromagnets are connected in parallel;

[0010] One end face of the tool contacts the base frame, and the other end face contacts the first magnetorheological elastomer partition at the lower end of the magnetorheological elastomer;

[0011] The vibration sensor is installed directly above the tool;

[0012] The upper end of the magnetorheological elastomer is equipped with a second magnetorheological elastomer partition, and there is a first magnetorheological elastomer partition at the bottom;

[0013] The upper end of the second magnetorheological elastomer partition is equipped with a pressure sensor and a sensor partition; optionally, multiple pressure sensors are installed to accurately measure the damping pressure;

[0014] The sensor partition is equipped with a spring support rod; the top frame has a spring support rod hole position corresponding to the spring support rod at the corresponding position; the spring support rod can pass through the spring support rod hole position;

[0015] The damping spring is installed on the spring support rod, and one end of the damping spring contacts the sensor partition and the other end contacts the top frame;

[0016] The motor frame and the base frame are respectively installed with lead screw bearing seats; both ends of the lead screw are installed on the lead screw bearing seats on the motor frame and the base frame;

[0017] The lead screw nut is matched with the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the top frame;

[0018] The top of the lead screw is installed with a lead screw gear; the motor frame is installed with a motor and an intermediate gear shaft, and the motor frame is fixedly connected to the base frame; the intermediate gear is installed on the intermediate gear shaft through an intermediate gear bearing; the motor output shaft is installed with a motor gear; the motor gear transmits power to the lead screw gear through the intermediate gear, thereby driving the rotation of the lead screw and the up and down movement of the lead screw nut;

[0019] Optionally, the tooth width of the lead screw gear is greater than the tooth width of the intermediate gear.

[0020] Compared with other vibration-damping tools, the specific embodiments provided by the present invention disclose the following technical effects:

[0021] A composite damping vibration-damping tool fixture of the present invention, wherein two electromagnets are installed on the chassis; one end face of the tool contacts the chassis, and the other end face contacts the first magnetorheological elastomer partition at the lower end of the magnetorheological elastomer; the vibration sensor is installed directly above the tool; a second magnetorheological elastomer partition is installed at the upper end of the magnetorheological elastomer, and a first magnetorheological elastomer partition is provided at the bottom; a pressure sensor and a sensor partition are installed at the upper end of the second magnetorheological elastomer partition; a spring support rod is installed on the sensor partition; the top frame is provided with a spring support rod hole corresponding to the spring support rod at the corresponding position; the spring support rod can pass through the spring support rod hole; the damping spring is installed on the spring support rod, and one end of the damping spring contacts the sensor partition, and the other end contacts the top frame; a lead screw gear is installed at the top end of the lead screw; a motor and an intermediate gear shaft are installed on the motor frame, and the motor frame is fixedly connected to the chassis; the intermediate gear is installed on the intermediate gear shaft through an intermediate gear bearing; a motor gear is installed on the motor output shaft; the motor gear transmits power to the lead screw gear through the intermediate gear, thereby driving the rotation of the lead screw and the up and down movement of the lead screw nut; the advantage of adjusting the damping pressure of the adjusting damping spring 19 is that the adjustable range of the damping pressure is wide, and its disadvantage is that the mechanical structure needs to be adjusted during the adjustment process, and its response is slow; the advantage of adjusting the damping pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer 5 by controlling the externally applied excitation magnetic field of the magnetorheological elastomer 5 is that the adjustment speed is fast, but the disadvantage is that the adjustable range of the damping pressure is small. By combining them in series, rapid damping adjustment within a small range can be achieved, and at the same time, it has a wide damping adjustment range. The present invention can integrate the vibration-damping system on the tool fixture, with strong versatility; and combines the advantages of magnetorheological elastomer damping vibration-damping and spring damping vibration-damping, and well realizes the coordinated response of large-range mechanical adjustment and small-range rapid fine adjustment of damping, which is easy to intelligent control, thereby suppressing tool vibration and realizing precision machining. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 : Overall structure diagram of a composite damping vibration-damping tool fixture

[0023] Figure 2 : Partial detail diagram of a composite damping vibration-damping tool fixture part in the spring compression state

[0024] Figure 3 : Exploded view of a composite damping vibration-damping tool fixture part

[0025] Symbolic Explanation: 1. Underframe, 2. Electromagnet, 3. Lead Screw Bearing Block, 4. First Magnetorheological Elastomer Partition, 5. Magnetorheological Elastomer, 6. Second Magnetorheological Elastomer Partition, 7. Pressure Sensor, 8. Sensor Partition, 9. Lead Screw, 10. Top Frame, 11. Lead Screw Gear, 12. Intermediate Gear Shaft, 13. Intermediate Gear Bearing, 14. Intermediate Gear, 15. Motor Gear, 16. Motor Frame, 17. Motor, 18. Spring Support Rod, 19. Damping Spring, 20. Motor Driver, 21. Vibration Sensor, 22. Cutting Tool, 23. Controller, 24. PWM DC Power Supply, 25. Neural Network Control System, 10-1. Spring Support Rod Hole Position, 26. Lead Screw Nut. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0028] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a composite damping vibration reduction tool fixture of the present invention is composed of an underframe 1, an electromagnet 2, a lead screw bearing block 3, a first magnetorheological elastomer partition 4, a magnetorheological elastomer 5, a second magnetorheological elastomer partition 6, a pressure sensor 7, a sensor partition 8, a lead screw 9, a top frame 10, a lead screw gear 11, an intermediate gear shaft 12, an intermediate gear bearing 13, an intermediate gear 14, a motor gear 15, a motor frame 16, a motor 17, a spring support rod 18, a damping spring 19, a motor driver 20, a vibration sensor 21, a cutting tool 22, a controller 23, a PWM DC power supply 24, a neural network control system 25, a spring support rod hole position 10-1, and a lead screw nut 26;

[0029] Two electromagnets 2 are installed on the underframe 1; optionally, the magnetic pole placement directions of the two electromagnets 2 are opposite, the N magnetic pole of one electromagnet 2 faces upward, the S magnetic pole of the other electromagnet 2 faces upward, and the power supplies of the two electromagnets 2 are connected in parallel;

[0030] One end face of the cutting tool 22 contacts the underframe 1, and the other end face contacts the first magnetorheological elastomer partition 4 at the lower end of the magnetorheological elastomer 5;

[0031] The vibration sensor 21 is installed directly above the cutting tool 22;

[0032] A second magnetorheological elastomer partition plate 6 is installed at the upper end of the magnetorheological elastomer 5, and a first magnetorheological elastomer partition plate 4 is provided at the bottom;

[0033] A pressure sensor 7 and a sensor partition plate 8 are installed at the upper end of the second magnetorheological elastomer partition plate 6; Optionally, by installing multiple pressure sensors 7, the damping pressure can be accurately measured;

[0034] A spring support rod 18 is installed on the sensor partition plate 8; A spring support rod hole position 10-1 corresponding to the spring support rod 18 is opened at the corresponding position of the top frame 10; The spring support rod 18 can pass through the spring support rod hole position 10-1;

[0035] The damping spring 19 is installed on the spring support rod 18, and one end of the damping spring 19 contacts the sensor partition plate 8, and the other end contacts the top frame 10;

[0036] Lead screw bearing seats 3 are respectively installed on the motor frame 16 and the bottom frame 1; Both ends of the lead screw 9 are installed on the lead screw bearing seats 3 on the motor frame 16 and the bottom frame 1;

[0037] The lead screw nut 26 is matched with the lead screw 9, and the lead screw nut 26 is fixedly connected to the top frame 10;

[0038] A lead screw gear 11 is installed at the top end of the lead screw 9; A motor 17 and an intermediate gear shaft 12 are installed on the motor frame 16, and the motor frame 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom frame 1; The intermediate gear 14 is installed on the intermediate gear shaft 12 through an intermediate gear bearing 13; A motor gear 15 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 17; The motor gear 15 transmits power to the lead screw gear 11 through the intermediate gear 14, thereby driving the rotation of the lead screw 9 and the up and down movement of the lead screw nut 26;

[0039] Optionally, the tooth width of the lead screw gear 11 is greater than the tooth width of the intermediate gear 14.

[0040] The specific implementation process of a composite damping vibration reduction tool fixture of the present invention is as follows:

[0041] S101, according to the material and working condition environment of the part to be processed, install the tool 22 between the bottom frame 1 and the first magnetorheological elastomer partition plate 4, determine the empirical value of the tool 22 pressing force through multiple processing forms, and use it as the initial pressing force value;

[0042] S102. The electric drive controller 23 is made to send a signal to the motor driver 20 to drive the output shaft of the motor 17 to rotate forward, driving the motor gear 15 to rotate forward, and then driving the four intermediate gears 14 meshing with the motor gear 15 to rotate reversely, and further driving the lead screw gear 11 meshing with the intermediate gears 14 to rotate forward, and then driving the lead screw 9 to rotate forward through the lead screw gear 11, so as to realize the up-and-down movement of the top frame 10 through the lead screw nut 26;

[0043] S103. When the top frame 10 moves downward, the damping spring 19 is compressed, and then the cutting tool 22 is pressed tightly. At this time, the damping pressure received by the cutting tool 22 can be measured by the pressure sensor 7. When the damping pressure reaches the initial value of the set pressing force, the motor 17 stops rotating;

[0044] S104. The controller 23 detects the amplitude and frequency of the cutting tool 22 through the vibration sensor 21, and determines the current damping pressure through the average pressure value of the multiple pressure sensors 7; the input values of the neural network control system 25 include the amplitude, frequency of the vibration of the cutting tool 22, and the current damping pressure, and calculate and output the damping pressure to be given; during the cutting process of the cutting tool 22, the neural network control system 25 calculates and outputs the damping pressure to be given in real time and also trains and improves the control model to improve the accuracy of its output parameters;

[0045] S105. The controller 23 subtracts the damping pressure to be given from the current damping pressure to obtain a damping pressure compensation value, and dynamically adjusts the damping pressure in real time to respond to the dynamic cutting force of the cutting tool 22;

[0046] S106. When the damping pressure compensation value is less than the adjustable range of the damping pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer 5, the output voltage of the PWM DC power supply 24 is controlled through the controller 23, and then the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet 2 is controlled to adjust the damping pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer 5, so that the current damping pressure is equal to the damping pressure to be given.

[0047] S107. When the damping pressure compensation value is greater than the adjustable range of the damping pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer 5, the controller 23 drives the motor 17 to rotate through the motor driver 20, so that the top frame 10 moves up and down, and then adjusts the compression amount of the damping spring 19 to adjust the damping pressure of the damping spring 19.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "No. 1", "No. 2", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In this specification, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementation manners of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite damping and vibration reduction tool fixture, characterized in that, it includes: a chassis, an electromagnet, a lead screw bearing seat, a first magnetorheological elastomer partition, a magnetorheological elastomer, a second magnetorheological elastomer partition, a pressure sensor, a sensor partition, a lead screw, a top frame, a lead screw gear, an intermediate gear shaft, an intermediate gear bearing, an intermediate gear, a motor gear, a motor frame, a motor, a spring support rod, a damping spring, a motor driver, a vibration sensor, a tool, a controller, a PWM DC power supply, a neural network control system, a spring support rod hole position, a lead screw nut; One end face of the tool contacts the chassis, and the other end face contacts the first magnetorheological elastomer partition at the lower end of the magnetorheological elastomer; Two electromagnets are installed on the chassis; The controller controls the PWM DC power supply to output voltage to the two magnets, so that the electromagnets generate a magnetic field to adjust the damping pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer; The vibration sensor is installed directly above the tool; The upper end of the magnetorheological elastomer is equipped with a second magnetorheological elastomer partition, and the lower part is provided with a first magnetorheological elastomer partition; The upper end of the second magnetorheological elastomer partition is equipped with a pressure sensor and a sensor partition; The sensor partition is equipped with a spring support rod; The top frame has a spring support rod hole position corresponding to the spring support rod at the corresponding position; The spring support rod can pass through the spring support rod hole position; The damping spring is installed on the spring support rod, and one end of the damping spring contacts the sensor partition, and the other end contacts the top frame; The motor frame and the chassis are respectively installed with lead screw bearing seats; Both ends of the lead screw are installed on the lead screw bearing seats on the motor frame and the chassis; The lead screw nut is matched with the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is fixedly connected with the top frame; The top end of the lead screw is installed with a lead screw gear; The motor and the intermediate gear shaft are installed on the motor frame, and the motor frame is fixedly connected with the chassis; The intermediate gear is installed on the intermediate gear shaft through the intermediate gear bearing; The motor gear is installed on the output shaft of the motor; The motor gear transmits power to the lead screw gear through the intermediate gear, thereby driving the rotation of the lead screw and the up and down movement of the lead screw nut; The controller detects the amplitude and frequency of the tool through the vibration sensor, and determines the current damping pressure through the average pressure value of multiple pressure sensors; The input values of the neural network control system include the amplitude, frequency of the tool vibration and the current damping pressure, and calculate and output the damping pressure that needs to be given; During the cutting process of the tool, the neural network control system calculates and outputs the damping pressure that needs to be given in real time and also trains and improves the control model; The controller subtracts the damping pressure that needs to be given from the current damping pressure to obtain a damping pressure compensation value, and dynamically adjusts the damping pressure in real time to respond to the dynamic cutting force of the tool; When the damping pressure compensation value is less than the adjustable range of the damping pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer, the controller controls the output voltage of the PWM DC power supply, thereby controlling the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet, and adjusting the damping pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer so that the current damping pressure is equal to the damping pressure that needs to be given; Or, when the damping pressure compensation value is greater than the adjustable range of the damping pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer, the controller drives the motor to rotate through the motor driver, so that the top frame moves up and down, thereby adjusting the compression amount of the damping spring and the damping pressure of the damping spring.

2. A composite damping vibration reduction tool fixture according to claim 1, wherein, the magnetic pole placement directions of the two electromagnets are opposite, with the N pole of one electromagnet facing up and the S pole of the other electromagnet facing up, and the power supplies of the two electromagnets are connected in parallel.

3. A composite damping vibration reduction tool fixture according to claim 1, wherein, the tooth width of the lead screw gear is greater than the tooth width of the intermediate gear.

4. A composite damping vibration reduction tool fixture according to claim 1, wherein, a plurality of pressure sensors are installed to accurately measure the damping pressure.

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