Thrust bearings and air conditioning units

Abstract

The present invention provides a thrust bearing and an air conditioning unit. The thrust bearing includes a bearing disk, a rotor disk, a static pressure bearing component and a dynamic pressure bearing component. The rotor disk is rotatable relative to the bearing disk, the static pressure bearing component is arranged on the bearing disk and is located between the bearing disk and the rotor disk, and a static pressure air hole is opened on the static pressure bearing component, and the static pressure bearing component provides static pressure support to the rotor disk through air supply through the static pressure air hole. The dynamic pressure bearing component is installed between the bearing disk and the rotor disk, and the dynamic pressure bearing component is used to provide dynamic pressure support to the rotor disk. Applying the technical solution of the present invention, when the rotation speed of the rotor disk is low, the static pressure air hole on the static pressure bearing component is used to supply air to provide static pressure support to the rotor disk; when the rotation speed of the rotor disk is high, the dynamic pressure bearing component is used to provide dynamic pressure support to the rotor disk. In this way, the thrust bearing of the present invention is compatible with high-speed operation and low-speed operation, thereby improving the use effect of the thrust bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical components, and in particular to a thrust bearing and an air conditioning unit. Background Art

[0002] Gas-lubricated bearings use gas as a lubricant and utilize the gas's adsorption, transmission, diffusion, viscosity, thermal conductivity and compressibility. During friction, under the action of fluid dynamic pressure effect and static pressure effect, a gas film is formed to support the load and reduce friction. Gas lubrication technology was first proposed in the mid-nineteenth century and developed rapidly in the mid-twentieth century. Its emergence broke the dominant position of liquid lubrication technology and brought about a qualitative leap in lubrication technology. Gas bearings are new bearings based on this high-tech lubrication technology. They have a series of advantages such as low friction loss, good stability, low vibration, and oil-free lubrication. They have very broad application prospects in the fields of high-speed turbines, machine tool manufacturing, and space technology.

[0003] According to the different mechanisms of lubricating gas film generation, it is divided into dynamic pressure gas bearings, static pressure gas bearings and extrusion type gas bearings. Among them, the wave foil type dynamic pressure gas bearing is the dynamic pressure gas bearing with the most research literature available, and the small hole throttling static pressure bearing and the porous static pressure bearing are the static pressure gas bearings with more research. The typical wave foil type dynamic pressure gas thrust bearing is mainly composed of a bearing disk, a wave foil and a top foil. The wave foil and the top foil are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction as fan-shaped thrust pads. The wave foil has a special corrugated structure and acts as an elastic support similar to a spring. It is the main source of stiffness and damping of the thrust bearing. The top foil is installed on the wave foil, and the two constitute the flexible support surface of the foil thrust bearing. Like the top foil, the wave foil is fixed on the bearing seat at one end, and the other end can slide freely under the load. There is a certain angle between the front end of the top foil and the bearing housing, and the rear end of the top foil is parallel to the bearing housing. Under the action of the above angle, an air film is formed by the dynamic pressure principle.

[0004] According to the above description, the wave foil type hydrodynamic gas thrust bearing is actually a type of hydrodynamic sliding bearing. Under the hydrodynamic effect, the higher the speed, the higher the bearing's load capacity. However, during the start and stop process, due to insufficient speed, the gas film cannot be formed through the hydrodynamic principle. At this time, the top foil of the bearing and the rotor have dry friction, which affects the bearing life. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to solve the wear problem of the hydrodynamic bearing during the start and stop process.

[0005] A hydrostatic gas bearing is a bearing that provides gas with a certain pressure through an external gas supply system, and then the gas is transported to the gap between the bearing and the rotor through the bearing throttle, thereby forming an air film at the gap to support the external load. The air film pressure in the bearing gap can be adjusted by the bearing throttle and the gas supply system. Depending on the throttle, there are common small-hole hydrostatic gas bearings and porous hydrostatic gas bearings. Hydrostatic bearings have the advantages of large load-bearing capacity, stable operation, and long life, and the bearing load-bearing capacity is positively correlated with the pressure of the gas supply system. However, when the rotor speed is high, the hydrostatic bearing cannot effectively absorb and suppress the rotor vibration due to the lack of a damping mechanism, such as the corrugated structure of the hydrodynamic bearing. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide a thrust bearing and an air conditioning unit to solve the technical problem of poor compatibility of thrust bearings with high-speed operation and low-speed operation in the prior art.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a thrust bearing, comprising: a bearing disk; a rotor disk, rotatable relative to the bearing disk; a static pressure bearing member, arranged on the bearing disk and located between the bearing disk and the rotor disk, the static pressure bearing member being provided with static pressure air holes, and the static pressure bearing member providing static pressure support to the rotor disk through air supply through the static pressure air holes; a dynamic pressure bearing member, installed between the bearing disk and the rotor disk, and the dynamic pressure bearing member being used to provide dynamic pressure support to the rotor disk.

[0008] In one embodiment, the hydrostatic bearing member is arranged in an arc shape.

[0009] In one embodiment, the hydrostatic bearing member is arranged in an annular shape.

[0010] In one embodiment, the hydrostatic bearing member comprises an inner ring hydrostatic bearing member and an outer ring hydrostatic bearing member, the inner ring hydrostatic bearing member and the outer ring hydrostatic bearing member are concentrically arranged, and the diameter of the outer ring hydrostatic bearing member is greater than the diameter of the inner ring hydrostatic bearing member.

[0011] In one embodiment, the hydrodynamic bearing member is disposed between the inner ring hydrostatic bearing member and the outer ring hydrostatic bearing member.

[0012] In one embodiment, an air storage cavity is formed in the bearing disk, and an air inlet hole connected to the air storage cavity is opened on the bearing disk. The air storage cavity is connected to the static pressure air hole for supplying air to the static pressure air hole.

[0013] In one embodiment, the dynamic pressure bearing component includes: a corrugated foil, which is arranged on the bearing disk; a top foil, which is installed on the corrugated foil; and a dynamic pressure air hole connected to the air storage cavity is also opened on the bearing disk, and the dynamic pressure air hole supplies air to provide support force for the corrugated foil.

[0014] In one embodiment, the corrugated foil includes a corrugated structure and a straight-edge structure connected between the corrugated structures, the dynamic pressure air holes correspond to the straight-edge structures, and the dynamic pressure air holes supply air to provide support force for the straight-edge structures.

[0015] In one embodiment, the dynamic pressure vent corresponds to the middle of the straight-edge structure.

[0016] In one embodiment, the air storage chambers are distributed in the bearing disk in a sector shape or an annular shape.

[0017] In one embodiment, the bearing disc includes a disc body and a base, the air storage cavity is formed between the disc body and the base, and the air inlet hole is opened on the base.

[0018] In one embodiment, a sealing component is provided between the tray body and the base.

[0019] The present invention also provides an air conditioning unit, comprising a thrust bearing, wherein the thrust bearing is the thrust bearing described above.

[0020] In the above embodiment, when the rotor disk is started and stopped and in the low-speed stage, the static pressure air holes on the static pressure bearing member are used to supply air to provide static pressure support to the rotor disk to avoid dry friction; when the rotor disk rotates at a high speed, the dynamic pressure bearing member is used to provide dynamic pressure support to the rotor disk to provide greater rigidity and damping. In this way, the thrust bearing of the present invention is compatible with high-speed operation and low-speed operation, and the use effect of the thrust bearing is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is a front view and a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a thrust bearing according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The sectional view of the thrust bearing at AA and its enlarged structural schematic diagram;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the thrust bearing at position BB;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of the thrust bearing at CC;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial perspective structural diagram of a thrust bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] In order to solve the technical problem of poor compatibility of thrust bearings with high-speed operation and low-speed operation in the prior art, the present invention provides a thrust bearing, such as Figure 1 As shown, the thrust bearing comprises a bearing disc 10, a rotor disc 20, a static pressure bearing component 30 and a dynamic pressure bearing component 40. The rotor disc 20 is rotatable relative to the bearing disc 10, the static pressure bearing component 30 is arranged on the bearing disc 10 and is located between the bearing disc 10 and the rotor disc 20, and a static pressure air hole 31 is opened on the static pressure bearing component 30, and the static pressure bearing component 30 provides static pressure support to the rotor disc 20 through air supply through the static pressure air hole 31. The dynamic pressure bearing component 40 is installed between the bearing disc 10 and the rotor disc 20, and the dynamic pressure bearing component 40 is used to provide dynamic pressure support to the rotor disc 20.

[0029] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, when the rotor disk 20 is started and stopped and at a low speed, the static pressure air hole 31 on the static pressure bearing member 30 is used to supply air to provide static pressure support to the rotor disk 20 to prevent dry friction; when the rotor disk 20 rotates at a high speed, the dynamic pressure bearing member 40 is used to provide dynamic pressure support to the rotor disk 20 to provide greater rigidity and damping. In this way, the thrust bearing of the present invention is compatible with high-speed operation and low-speed operation, and the use effect of the thrust bearing is improved.

[0030] In addition, since the dynamic and static pressure mixed gas thrust bearing of the technical solution of the present invention adopts an integrated design, that is, the dynamic pressure gas thrust bearing and the static pressure gas thrust bearing are designed into one bearing, the compactness of the bearing structure is effectively improved.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the hydrostatic bearing component 30 is arranged in a ring shape. In order to enable the hydrostatic bearing component 30 to support the rotor disk 20 more stably, the hydrostatic bearing component 30 includes an inner ring hydrostatic bearing component 30a and an outer ring hydrostatic bearing component 30b, and the inner ring hydrostatic bearing component 30a and the outer ring hydrostatic bearing component 30b are concentrically arranged, and the diameter of the outer ring hydrostatic bearing component 30b is larger than the diameter of the inner ring hydrostatic bearing component 30a. The above structure can avoid the rotor disk 20 from tilting and achieve more stable support. As other optional embodiments, the hydrostatic bearing component 30 can also be designed with more rings. The support area of ​​the hydrostatic bearing component 30 can be reasonably selected according to design requirements.

[0032] As another optional embodiment, the hydrostatic bearing member 30 may not be arranged in a whole ring, but may be arranged in an arc shape. More preferably, the hydrostatic bearing member 30 arranged in an arc shape may be arranged in multiple sections, so as to achieve stable support for the rotor disk 20.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the dynamic pressure bearing member 40 is arranged between the inner ring static pressure bearing member 30a and the outer ring static pressure bearing member 30b. In this way, the space on the thrust bearing can be fully utilized, making the structure of the thrust bearing more compact.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, an air storage chamber c is formed in the bearing disk 10, and an air inlet hole c1 connected to the air storage chamber c is provided on the bearing disk 10. The air storage chamber c is connected to the static pressure air hole 31, and is used to supply air to the static pressure air hole 31. When in use, an air source is introduced into the air storage chamber c through the air inlet hole c1, and the air storage chamber c will supply air to the static pressure air hole 31, thereby realizing the static pressure support of the rotor disk 20. The reason for setting up the air storage chamber c is to store part of the high-pressure gas to avoid gas interruption during static pressure use. When in use, the air inlet hole c1 is connected to the external air supply channel and air supply system. Since this patent mainly involves the bearing structure, the air supply channel and the air supply system are not described in detail.

[0035] In the technical solution of this embodiment, the hydrostatic bearing component 30 is a porous hydrostatic bearing made of graphite, and numerous hydrostatic pores 31 are distributed inside the hydrostatic bearing component 30. Figure 4 As shown, the actual diameter of the static pressure air hole 31 is generally 20-50um. An annular groove is formed on the surface of the bearing disk 10, and the static pressure bearing component 30 is installed on the bearing disk 10 through the annular groove. Generally, high-temperature glue is used to adhere and seal the radial surface. During operation, the high-pressure gas from the air storage chamber c enters the static pressure bearing component 30 axially through the air port and flows to the static pressure air hole 31. Since the diameter of the static pressure air hole 31 is small, the gas is squeezed, causing the pressure to further increase, thereby forming an air film, which plays a role in supporting the rotor. As another optional embodiment, the static pressure bearing component 30 can also be a small-hole throttling type static pressure bearing.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the dynamic pressure bearing member 40 includes a top foil 41 and a wave foil 42, and the wave foil 42 is arranged on the bearing disk 10, and the top foil 41 is installed on the wave foil 42. The bearing disk 10 is also provided with a dynamic pressure air hole 11 which is connected to the air storage chamber c, and the dynamic pressure air hole 11 supplies air to provide support for the wave foil 42. During installation, the wave foil 42 is generally fixed to the bearing disk 10 by spot welding. When the rotor disk 20 rotates at a high speed relative to the bearing disk 10, it will drive the air flow to generate an air film between the bearing disk 10 and the top foil 41, thereby realizing dynamic pressure support. A fitting gap is formed between the bottom end of the rotor disk 20 and the top of the top foil 41, that is, Figure 4 h. During operation, the rotor disk 20 rotates at high speed. When the designed speed is reached, a dynamic pressure air film is formed in the gap h to support the rotation of the rotor disk 20. In this process, the top foil 41 presses against the bump foil 42, which makes the bump foil 42 easy to deform. By providing a dynamic pressure air hole 11 connected to the air storage cavity c on the bearing disk 10, the dynamic pressure air hole 11 supplies air to provide support for the bump foil 42, thereby improving the stiffness of the bump foil 42 and thus improving the dynamic pressure support stiffness of the thrust bearing.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the corrugated foil 42 includes a corrugated structure 421 and a straight-edge structure 422 connected between the corrugated structures 421, and the dynamic pressure air hole 11 corresponds to the straight-edge structure 422, and the dynamic pressure air hole 11 supplies air to provide support for the straight-edge structure 422. During operation, the corrugated foil 42 is subjected to a reaction force while forming an air film support, so that the straight-edge structure 422 is closely attached to the bearing disk 10. At this time, the high-pressure gas from the air storage chamber c forms a high-pressure gas after the throttling effect of the dynamic pressure air hole 11, which supports the straight-edge structure 422 and offsets part of the reaction force of the support force, so that the corrugated foil 428 can provide greater rigidity.

[0038] More preferably, the dynamic pressure air hole 11 corresponds to the middle of the straight edge structure 422. It should be noted that the middle of the straight edge structure 422 is the middle of the length direction of the straight edge structure 422. Most preferably, the middle is the center position of the straight edge structure 422. Optionally, the middle can also be other positions on the center line of the straight edge structure 422 in the length direction.

[0039] Optionally, the dynamic pressure pore 11 is formed by laser drilling, and the diameter of the dynamic pressure pore 11 is between 15 and 50 um.

[0040] It should be noted that, in the technical solution of the present invention, there are multiple static pressure air holes 31 and dynamic pressure air holes 11, and the distribution density can be adjusted accordingly according to actual work needs.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the top foil 41 is in the shape of a tile, and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction in eight shapes. In order to form a dynamic pressure effect, the top foil 41 includes an inclined plane 411 and a straight plane 412, and the complementary angle formed between the two is θ, and θ is generally 2 to 8°. Among them, the inclined plane 411 of the top foil 41 is mainly used to enhance the dynamic pressure effect, and the matching gap between the straight plane 412 of the top foil 41 and the bottom surface of the rotor disk 20 forms an air film that plays a major supporting role for the rotor disk 20. The wave foil 42 structure matches the top foil 41, and the wave foil 42 of the hydrodynamic bearing is also in the shape of a tile, and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction in eight shapes. Similarly, in order to form a dynamic pressure effect, the inclined plane 411 of the top foil 41 and the straight plane 412 of the top foil 41 are matched, as shown Figure 2 Waveforms 421a, 421b, 421c of different heights and a wave structure 421 which plays a major supporting role are provided. Waveforms 421a, 421b, 421c are used to support the inclined plane 411, and the wave structure 421 is used to support the straight plane 412.

[0042] Preferably, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the air storage chamber c is distributed in the bearing disk 10 in a circular shape. As another optional embodiment, the air storage chamber c can also be distributed in the bearing disk 10 in a fan shape.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the bearing disc 10 includes a disc body 12 and a base 13, an air storage cavity c is formed between the disc body 12 and the base 13, and an air inlet c1 is provided on the base 13. In the technical solution of this embodiment, the air storage cavity c is processed on the base 13, and the disc body 12 covers the base 13. More preferably, in order to ensure the airtightness between the disc body 12 and the base 13, a sealing component 14 is provided between the disc body 12 and the base 13.

[0044] As another optional implementation, the air storage chamber c may also be processed on the disk body 12 and the base 13 at the same time.

[0045] The present invention also provides an air conditioning unit, which includes the thrust bearing. The air conditioning unit using the thrust bearing can ensure good stability when operating at low power or high power.

[0046] From the above content, it can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention realizes frictionless operation of the bearing in the full speed range by providing a thrust bearing with high-rigidity gas of dynamic and static pressure mixing, and the bearing has a compact structure and a large bearing stiffness.

[0047] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thrust bearing, characterized in that: include: Bearing disc (10); A rotor disk (20) rotatable relative to the bearing disk (10); A static pressure bearing component (30) is arranged on the bearing disk (10) and is located between the bearing disk (10) and the rotor disk (20); a static pressure air hole (31) is provided on the static pressure bearing component (30); the static pressure bearing component (30) supplies air through the static pressure air hole (31) to provide static pressure support to the rotor disk (20); a dynamic pressure bearing component (40) installed between the bearing disk (10) and the rotor disk (20), the dynamic pressure bearing component (40) being used to provide dynamic pressure support for the rotor disk (20); An air storage cavity (c) is formed in the bearing disk (10), an air inlet hole (c1) connected to the air storage cavity (c) is provided on the bearing disk (10), and the air storage cavity (c) is connected to the static pressure air hole (31) for supplying air to the static pressure air hole (31); The dynamic pressure bearing member (40): A corrugated foil (42) arranged on the bearing disc (10); A top foil (41) mounted on the bump foil (42); The bearing disc (10) is also provided with a dynamic pressure air hole (11) which is in communication with the air storage cavity (c), and the dynamic pressure air hole (11) supplies air to provide support force for the corrugated foil (42).

2. The thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static pressure bearing component (30) is arranged in an arc shape.

3. The thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static pressure bearing component (30) is arranged in a ring shape.

4. The thrust bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The static pressure bearing component (30) comprises an inner ring static pressure bearing component (30a) and an outer ring static pressure bearing component (30b); the inner ring static pressure bearing component (30a) and the outer ring static pressure bearing component (30b) are concentrically arranged; and the diameter of the outer ring static pressure bearing component (30b) is greater than the diameter of the inner ring static pressure bearing component (30a).

5. The thrust bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dynamic pressure bearing component (40) is arranged between the inner ring static pressure bearing component (30a) and the outer ring static pressure bearing component (30b).

6. The thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrugated foil (42) comprises a corrugated structure (421) and a straight-edge structure (422) connected between the corrugated structures (421); the dynamic pressure air holes (11) correspond to the straight-edge structures (422); and the dynamic pressure air holes (11) supply air to provide support force for the straight-edge structures (422).

7. The thrust bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic pressure air hole (11) corresponds to the middle portion of the straight edge structure (422).

8. The thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air storage chamber (c) is distributed in the bearing disk (10) in a fan-shaped or annular shape.

9. The thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing disc (10) comprises a disc body (12) and a base (13); the air storage cavity (c) is formed between the disc body (12) and the base (13); and the air inlet hole (c1) is provided on the base (13).

10. The thrust bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: A sealing component (14) is provided between the disk body (12) and the base (13).

11. An air conditioning unit, comprising a thrust bearing, characterized in that: The thrust bearing is the thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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