A structurally compact optical cable

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and discloses a compact optical cable, which has a loose tube (2), a conductor (6), an inner sheath (8), and an outer sheath (9). Multiple optical fibers (1) are provided inside the loose tube (2). It is characterized in that it further has a central protection tube (3), a protection tube (5), and an insulating sleeve (7). A central cavity (30) is provided inside the central protection tube. The loose tube (2) is located inside the central cavity (30). A rectangular cavity (50) is provided inside the protection tube. An optical fiber ribbon body (4) is provided inside the rectangular cavity (50). A conductor accommodating cavity (70) is provided inside the insulating sleeve. The conductor (6) is located inside the conductor accommodating cavity (70). The inner sheath (8) covers all the protection tubes (5) and the insulating sleeve (7). The outer sheath (9) is extrusion-coated on the inner sheath (8). The present application mainly has the following beneficial technical effects: the product structure is more compact, the outer diameter is smaller, the space utilization rate is higher, the cost is lower, and the core density is greater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical cables, and particularly relates to an optical cable with a compact structure. Background Art

[0002] With the requirements of low-carbon environmental protection and the needs of low cost and stable quality, the miniaturization of optical cables has been increasingly emphasized in the industry. For this reason, the industry has conducted unremitting research.

[0003] CN105632645A, a compact integrated optical and electrical cable, which includes multiple optical fibers, strengthening elements, and an outer sheath. It is characterized in that it further includes a central support body, a peripheral support body, and multiple connecting bars connecting the central support body and the peripheral support body. The connecting bars, the outer space of the central support body, and the inner space of the peripheral support body form multiple fiber-containing cavities. The optical fibers are located in the fiber-containing cavities, the outer sheath is located outside the peripheral support body, and the strengthening elements are located in the outer sheath or between the peripheral support body and the outer sheath. The present invention also discloses its manufacturing method; the integrated cable of the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: more compact structure, smaller external dimensions, lower cost, and stronger pressure / impact / bending resistance; its manufacturing method is simple, easy to master, with fast production speed, less power consumption, and low process cost.

[0004] CN209895046U, a compact optical cable, which includes an optical unit, a strengthening layer, strengthening elements, and a sheath layer; it is characterized in that: the optical unit has optical fibers and a protective layer, and the diameters of the optical fibers are equal; the optical fibers are tangent to each other pairwise, and the gap outside the adjacent optical fibers is called the outer gap. The optical fibers are jointly inscribed in a cylindrical inscribed layer, and the axis of the inscribed layer coincides with the axis of the protective layer. The diameter of the inscribed layer is not greater than the inner diameter of the protective layer. No optical fiber with the same diameter as the optical fibers can be accommodated between any outer gap and the inner edge of the corresponding protective layer; a cylindrical space that can be tangent to the optical fibers at the same time is formed inside the pairwise tangent optical fibers, and the diameter of the cylindrical space is smaller than the diameter of the optical fibers. It has the following beneficial technical effects: reducing the diameter of the optical cable, lower cost, lighter weight, more convenient laying and maintenance, and less space occupation.

[0005] CN214505047U A compact optical fiber composite low-voltage cable includes an optical fiber cable, four electric wire cables, a wrapping tape, a silicone rubber sheath, a braided shield, and a low-smoke and halogen-free flame-retardant sheath. An outer sheath of the optical fiber cable is provided with a strengthening core. Four holding strips are integrally formed on an outer edge of the strengthening core. An arc-shaped recess for abutting against the electric wire cables is formed between adjacent holding strips. A gradually expanding strip is integrally formed at a top end of the holding strip. The gradually expanding strip is formed by at least three kidney-shaped strips stacked layer by layer along a radial direction of the cable. An outer edge of the kidney-shaped strip abuts against the electric wire cable. Each electric wire cable is separated by the holding strip on the strengthening core, preventing damage to the optical fiber cable caused by displacement of the electric wire cables. And due to the recessed gap between adjacent kidney-shaped strips, the friction force between the kidney-shaped strip and the electric wire cable is increased, effectively preventing displacement of the electric wire cables. The cable has a compact structure and a round appearance.

[0006] CN2288456Y discloses a central tube type small integrated optical cable for railway, which is applicable to the construction of railway communication networks. It is characterized in that a central tube type multi-core optical fiber unit is used as a basis, and a certain number of metal four-wire groups and twisted pairs are arranged around it to form a compact circular cable core. Not only are the outer strengthening members cancelled and the blank combination that cannot be achieved by the traditional layer-stranded type filled, but also its capacity is more matched with the current actual needs. The metal armor layer outside the cable core respectively uses two layers of high-permeability steel strips and ordinary steel strips wrapped around an aluminum sheath according to different shielding requirements for electrified and non-electrified railways. Compared with the currently used large integrated optical cables and tube type small integrated optical cables for railway, it has the advantages of less material consumption, lighter weight, longer manufacturing length, more convenient construction and maintenance, and lower cost.

[0007] However, with the increasing demands for optoelectronic integration, one-cable-for-home-entering, etc., users have higher requirements for the core density of optoelectronic integrated or composite cables. The above cannot meet the miniaturization and compactness requirements of fiber ribbon power supply composite cables. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to disclose a compact optical cable, which is achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0009] A compact optical cable, having a loose tube, a conductor, an inner sheath, and an outer sheath. The loose tube contains multiple optical fibers. It is characterized by further having a central protection tube, multiple rectangular protection tubes, and multiple triangular prism-shaped insulating sleeves. The central protection tube is in the shape of a multi-faceted cylinder and has a central cavity inside. The loose tube is located in the central cavity. The protection tube has a rectangular cavity inside, and multiple optical fiber ribbon bodies placed in a stacked manner are inside the rectangular cavity. The insulating sleeve has a cavity for the conductor inside, and the conductor is located in the cavity for the conductor. One outer surface of each protection tube is in close contact with one outer surface of the central protection tube. The insulating sleeve is located between adjacent protection tubes, and two of the three side surfaces of the insulating sleeve are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of adjacent insulating sleeves. The inner sheath covers all the protection tubes and insulating sleeves, and the outer sheath is extrusion-coated on the inner sheath.

[0010] A compact optical cable, having a loose tube, a conductor, an inner sheath, and an outer sheath. The loose tube contains multiple optical fibers. It is characterized by further having a central protection tube, multiple rectangular protection tubes, and multiple triangular prism-shaped insulating sleeves. The central protection tube is in the shape of a multi-faceted cylinder and has a central cavity inside. On each outer surface of the central protection tube, there are first and second card strips that separate towards both sides. A card strip groove is formed between the first and second card strips. The loose tube is located in the central cavity. The protection tube has a rectangular cavity inside, and on each outer side wall of the protection tube, there is a trapezoidal groove. The opening of the trapezoidal groove on the outer surface of the protection tube is smaller, and the opening of the trapezoidal groove near the inner wall of the protection tube is larger. Multiple optical fiber ribbon bodies placed in a stacked manner are inside the rectangular cavity. The insulating sleeve has a cavity for the conductor inside, and on the two outer side walls of the insulating sleeve, there are third and fourth card strips that separate towards both sides. A clamping groove is formed between the third and fourth card strips. The conductor is located in the cavity for the conductor. One outer surface of each protection tube is in close contact with one outer surface of the central protection tube, and at the joint, the trapezoidal groove of the protection tube is sleeved on the first and second card strips of the central protection tube. The insulating sleeve is located between adjacent protection tubes, and two of the three side surfaces of the insulating sleeve are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of adjacent insulating sleeves. The trapezoidal groove of the protection tube is sleeved on the third and fourth card strips of the insulating sleeve. The inner sheath covers all the protection tubes and insulating sleeves, and the outer sheath is extrusion-coated on the inner sheath.

[0011] A compact optical cable is basically the same as described above, with the differences being: First, there are no multiple optical fibers, loose tube, and central protection tube; Second, the central protection tube is replaced by one protection tube, and there are four external protection tubes.

[0012] A compact optical cable is basically the same as described above, with the differences being: First, there is no loose tube; Second, multiple optical fibers are located in the central cavity.

[0013] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the type of the optical fiber is G.652 or G.653 or G.654 or G.655 or G.656 or G.657 or A1a or A1b or A1c or A1d or A1e.

[0014] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the material of the loose tube is polybutylene terephthalate or a composite material containing polypropylene.

[0015] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the material of the central protection tube is plastic.

[0016] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the material of the protection tube is plastic.

[0017] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the material of the conductor is copper or aluminum or alloy.

[0018] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the material of the insulating sleeve is plastic.

[0019] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the material of the inner protective layer is steel strip or aluminum strip or water-blocking tape or non-woven fabric or polyester fiber, and the inner protective layer is coated in a spiral manner.

[0020] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the material of the outer sheath is plastic.

[0021] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the central protection tube is an integral structure.

[0022] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the protection tube is an integral structure.

[0023] A compact optical cable as described above is characterized in that the insulating sleeve is an integral structure.

[0024] This application mainly has the following beneficial technical effects: the product structure is more compact, the outer diameter is smaller, the space utilization rate is higher, the cost is lower, and the core density is greater. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a dissected part of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 An enlarged cross-sectional structural schematic diagram.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a dissected part of a central protection tube used in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-sectional structure.

[0029] Figure 5 Is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an anatomical section of a protective tube used in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 is Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-sectional structure.

[0031] Figure 7 Is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an anatomical section of an insulating sleeve used in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 is Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-sectional structure.

[0033] Figure 9 Is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an anatomical section of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 is Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-sectional structure.

[0035] Figure 11 Is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of Example 4 of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1 - optical fiber, 2 - loose tube, 3 - central protection tube, 4 - optical fiber ribbon body, 5 - protection tube, 6 - conductor, 7 - insulating sleeve, 8 - inner protection layer, 9 - outer sheath, 30 - central cavity, 31 - first card strip, 32 - second card strip, 33 - card strip groove, 50 - rectangular cavity, 53 - trapezoidal groove, 70 - conductor containing cavity, 71 - third card strip, 72 - fourth card strip, 73 - card connection groove. Detailed implementation method

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, a compact optical cable, with a loose tube 2, a conductor 6, an inner sheath 8, and an outer sheath 9, wherein the loose tube 2 has multiple optical fibers 1, and is characterized in that it also has a central protective tube 3, multiple rectangular parallelepiped protective tubes 5, and multiple triangular prism-shaped insulating sleeves 7, the central protective tube 3 is in the shape of a polyhedron, with a central cavity 30 inside the central protective tube 3, the loose tube 2 is located in the central cavity 30, the protective tube 5 has a rectangular cavity 50 inside, and the rectangular cavity 50 has multiple optical fiber ribbons 4 placed in a stacked manner, the insulating sleeve 7 has a conductor cavity 70 inside, the conductor 6 is located in the conductor cavity 70, an outer surface of each protective tube 5 is in close contact with an outer surface of the central protective tube 3, the insulating sleeve 7 is located between adjacent protective tubes 5, and two of the three side surfaces of the insulating sleeve 7 are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of adjacent insulating sleeves 7, the inner sheath 8 covers all the protective tubes 5 and the insulating sleeve 7, and the outer sheath 9 is extruded and coated on the inner sheath 8.

[0039] Implementation Example 2

[0040] Please see Figures 3 to 8 , and refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a compact optical cable, comprising a loose tube 2, a conductor 6, an inner sheath 8, and an outer sheath 9, wherein the loose tube 2 has multiple optical fibers 1, and is characterized in that it also has a central protective tube 3, multiple rectangular parallelepiped protective tubes 5, and multiple triangular prism-shaped insulating sleeves 7, the central protective tube 3 is in the shape of a polyhedron, and has a central cavity 30 inside the central protective tube 3, and each outer surface of the central protective tube 3 has a first clamping strip 31 and a second clamping strip 32 separated to both sides, and a clamping strip groove 33 is formed between the first clamping strip 31 and the second clamping strip 32, and the loose tube 2 is located in the central cavity 30; the protective tube 5 has a rectangular cavity 50 inside, and each outer side wall of the protective tube 5 has a trapezoidal groove 53, the opening of the trapezoidal groove 53 on the outer surface of the protective tube 5 is smaller, and the opening of the trapezoidal groove 53 near the inner wall of the protective tube 5 is larger, and the rectangular cavity 50 has multiple optical fibers arranged in a stacked manner. The optical fiber ribbon 4 is placed; the interior of the insulating sleeve 7 has a conductor cavity 70, and the two outer side walls of the insulating sleeve 7 have a third clamping strip 71 and a fourth clamping strip 72 separated to both sides, and a clamping groove 73 is formed between the third clamping strip 71 and the fourth clamping strip 72, and the conductor 6 is located in the conductor cavity 70; an outer surface of each protective tube 5 is tightly attached to an outer surface of the central protective tube 3, and the trapezoidal groove 53 of the protective tube 5 at the junction is sleeved on the first clamping strip 31 and the second clamping strip 32 of the central protective tube 3; the insulating sleeve 7 is located between adjacent protective tubes 5, and two of the three side surfaces of the insulating sleeve 7 are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of the adjacent insulating sleeves 7, and the trapezoidal groove 53 of the protective tube 5 is sleeved on the third clamping strip 71 and the fourth clamping strip 72 of the insulating sleeve 7; the inner protective layer 8 covers all the protective tubes 5 and the insulating sleeve 7, and the outer sheath 9 is extruded and covered on the inner protective layer 8.

[0041] Implementation Example 3

[0042] See Figures 9 to 10 and refer to Figures 1 to 10 A compact optical cable is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, except that: First, there are no multiple optical fibers 1, loose tubes 2, and central protection tubes 3; Second, the central protection tube 3 is replaced by a protection tube 5, and there are four external protection tubes 5.

[0043] Embodiment 4

[0044] See Figure 11 and refer to Figures 1 to 11 A compact optical cable is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, except that: First, there is no loose tube 2; Second, multiple optical fibers 1 are located in the central cavity 30.

[0045] For a compact optical cable as described above, the type of the optical fiber 1 is G.652 or G.653 or G.654 or G.655 or G.656 or G.657 or A1a or A1b or A1c or A1d or A1e.

[0046] For a compact optical cable as described above, the material of the loose tube is polybutylene terephthalate or a composite material containing polypropylene.

[0047] For a compact optical cable as described above, the material of the central protection tube is plastic.

[0048] For a compact optical cable as described above, the material of the protection tube is plastic.

[0049] For a compact optical cable as described above, the material of the conductor is copper or aluminum or alloy.

[0050] For a compact optical cable as described above, the material of the insulating sleeve is plastic.

[0051] For a compact optical cable as described above, the material of the inner protection layer is steel strip or aluminum strip or water-blocking tape or non-woven fabric or polyester fiber, and the inner protection layer is coated in a spiral manner.

[0052] For a compact optical cable as described above, the material of the outer sheath is plastic.

[0053] For a compact optical cable as described above, the central protection tube is an integral structure.

[0054] For a compact optical cable as described above, the protection tube is an integral structure.

[0055] A compact optical cable as described above, characterized in that the insulating sleeve is an integral structure.

[0056] In this application, the first card strip and the second card strip are elastic and can firmly engage with the trapezoidal groove; the third card strip and the fourth card strip are also elastic and can firmly engage with the trapezoidal groove; and they can be conveniently separated. After separation, the first card strip, the second card strip, the third card strip, and the fourth card strip recover elastically, facilitating assembly and disassembly.

[0057] In this application, space is fully utilized, and the same cable can achieve both electrical transmission and optical transmission.

[0058] In this application, the central protection tube is preferably a regular polygonal prism, correspondingly the protection tube is preferably a regular quadrangular prism, and the insulating sleeve is preferably a regular triangular prism, so as to maximize the use of space; of course, as in Example 3, the insulating sleeve is preferably a prism with an isosceles right triangle cross-section.

[0059] In this application, preferably, the outer edge of the insulating sleeve and the outer edge of the protection tube are on the same circumference.

[0060] This application can also be called a compact fiber ribbon optical cable.

[0061] After calculation, the space utilization rate inside the inner protection layer 8 in this application reaches more than 90%. Moreover, as the number of insulating sleeves and protection tubes increases, the space utilization rate can reach more than 95%, greatly saving space. When used for pipeline laying, etc., smaller pipeline resources can be purchased, and the annual rental cost can be reduced, etc.; the conductor in this application can be used not only for transmitting electricity but also for transmitting electrical signals. The fiber ribbon in this application is the one specified in YD / T979 or other easily implemented ones. Multiple fiber ribbons are stacked to form a fiber ribbon body, which can fully utilize space resources and increase communication density.

[0062] This application mainly has the following beneficial technical effects: the product structure is more compact, the outer diameter is smaller, the space utilization rate is higher, the cost is lower, and the core density is greater.

[0063] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact optical cable having a loose tube (2), a conductor (6), an inner sheath (8), and an outer sheath (9), the loose tube (2) containing a plurality of optical fibers (1), characterized in that It also has a central protection tube (3), multiple rectangular parallelepiped-shaped protection tubes (5), and multiple triangular prism-shaped insulating sleeves (7). The central protection tube (3) is in the shape of a multi-faceted column. The central protection tube (3) has a central cavity (30) inside. On each outer surface of the central protection tube (3), there are first clamping strips (31) and second clamping strips (32) that separate towards both sides. A clamping strip groove (33) is formed between the first clamping strip (31) and the second clamping strip (32). The loose tube (2) is located inside the central cavity (30). The protection tube (5) has a rectangular cavity (50) inside. On each outer side wall of the protection tube (5), there is a trapezoidal groove (53). The opening of the trapezoidal groove (53) on the outer surface of the protection tube (5) is smaller, and the opening of the trapezoidal groove (53) near the inner wall of the protection tube (5) is larger. Inside the rectangular cavity (50), there are multiple optical fiber ribbon bodies (4) placed in a stacked manner. The insulating sleeve (7) has a conductor-containing cavity (70) inside. On the two outer side walls of the insulating sleeve (7), there are third clamping strips (71) and fourth clamping strips (72) that separate towards both sides. A clamping slot (73) is formed between the third clamping strip (71) and the fourth clamping strip (72). The conductor (6) is located inside the conductor-containing cavity (70). One outer surface of each protection tube (5) is in close contact with one outer surface of the central protection tube (3), and at the joint, the trapezoidal groove (53) of the protection tube (5) is sleeved on the first clamping strip (31) and the second clamping strip (32) of the central protection tube (3). The insulating sleeve (7) is located between adjacent protection tubes (5). Two of the three side surfaces of the insulating sleeve (7) are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of the adjacent protection tubes (5). The trapezoidal groove (53) of the protection tube (5) is sleeved on the third clamping strip (71) and the fourth clamping strip (72) of the insulating sleeve (7). The inner protection layer (8) covers all the protection tubes (5) and the insulating sleeves (7), and the outer sheath (9) is extrusion-coated on the inner protection layer (8).

2. The compact optical cable according to claim 1, wherein: There are no multiple optical fibers (1), loose tubes (2), and central protection tubes (3); the central protection tube (3) is replaced by one protection tube (5), and there are four external protection tubes (5).

3. A compact optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is no loose tube (2), and multiple optical fibers (1) are located inside the central cavity (30).

4. A compact optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber models are G.652 or G.653 or G.654 or G.655 or G.656 or G.657 or A1a or A1b or A1c or A1d or A1e.

5. A compact optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the loose tube is polybutylene terephthalate or a composite material containing polypropylene.

6. A compact optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the central protection tube is plastic.

7. A compact optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the protection tube is plastic.

8. A compact optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the conductor is aluminum or an alloy.

9. The compact optical cable according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the insulating sleeve is plastic; the material of the inner protection layer is steel strip or aluminum strip or water-blocking tape or non-woven fabric or polyester fiber; the material of the outer sheath is plastic; the central protection tube is an integral structure; each protection tube is an integral structure; each insulating sleeve is an integral structure.

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