An improved five-axis CNC rotary table

Abstract

The present invention provides an improved five-axis numerical control turntable, belonging to the field of mechanical technology. It solves the technical problems such as high replacement frequency of lubricating oil in the existing five-axis numerical control turntable. The fifth axis of the improved five-axis numerical control turntable includes a five-axis housing and a five-axis motor. A worm is provided inside the five-axis housing. An installation groove is provided on one side of the five-axis housing where it is located on the connecting plate. The motor shaft of the five-axis motor extends into the installation groove. A communication hole communicating with the inner cavity of the five-axis housing is provided on the installation groove. One end of the worm passes through the communication hole and extends into the installation groove. There is an oil passing gap between the worm and the communication hole. An input gear is fixed on the motor shaft of the five-axis motor. An output gear is fixed at one end of the worm. A transmission gear is also rotatably provided between the input gear and the output gear in the installation groove. The transmission gear meshes with the input gear and the output gear respectively. The present invention has the advantage of reducing the replacement frequency of lubricating oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machinery and relates to an improved five-axis numerical control turntable. Background Art

[0002] A five-axis numerical control turntable is a type of numerical control turntable and is a commonly used component in machine tool processing. The workpiece is fixed on the five-axis tabletop of the fifth axis, and the rotation and swing combination of the five-axis tabletop are used to meet the processing requirements.

[0003] The rotation of the five-axis tabletop is driven by a motor. In order to improve the high load-bearing capacity, rotation stability, and accuracy of the five-axis tabletop, the rotation of the five-axis tabletop is driven by a motor driving a worm and worm gear transmission. For example, the cam-type five-axis turntable structure disclosed in Chinese patent document

Application No. 201922433520.2

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems existing in the prior art and propose an improved five-axis numerical control turntable. The technical problem solved by the present invention is to reduce the frequency of lubricating oil replacement.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] An improved five-axis numerical control turntable, comprising a fourth axis, a swing frame, and a fifth axis located between the fourth axis and the swing frame. The fifth axis includes a five-axis housing and a five-axis motor. A worm is provided inside the five-axis housing. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the swing frame, and the five-axis motor is fixed inside the rotating shaft. It is characterized in that a connecting plate is fixedly connected between the five-axis housing and the rotating shaft. An installation groove is provided on one side of the connecting plate where the five-axis housing is located. The motor shaft of the five-axis motor extends into the installation groove. A communication hole communicating with the inner cavity of the five-axis housing is provided on the installation groove. One end of the worm passes through the communication hole and extends into the installation groove. There is an oil passing gap between the worm and the communication hole. The motor shaft of the five-axis motor is located obliquely above the worm. An input gear is fixed on the motor shaft of the five-axis motor. An output gear is fixed at one end of the worm. A transmission gear is also rotatably provided in the installation groove between the input gear and the output gear. The transmission gear meshes with the input gear and the output gear respectively.

[0007] A turbine meshing with the worm is fixed on the five-axis core shaft of the five-axis motor. During use, lubricating oil is filled in the five-axis housing, and the liquid level of the lubricating oil submerges the worm. When adding lubricating oil through the oil passing gap, the lubricating oil in the five-axis housing enters the installation groove to lubricate the input gear, the transmission gear, and the output gear. At the same time, since only the oil passing gap is connected and there is no convection relationship between the lubricating oil in the installation groove and the lubricating oil in the inner cavity of the five-axis housing, the lubricating oil in the installation groove and the lubricating oil in the five-axis housing are independent of each other, which can prevent the impurity particles generated by the gear transmission in the installation groove from entering the lubricating oil in the five-axis housing, and avoid the wear of the turbine and worm due to the impurity particles generated by the gear transmission, greatly improving the service life of the lubricating oil, reducing the frequency of lubricating oil replacement, and saving the use cost; the power transmission is realized through the gear transmission mechanism composed of the output gear, the transmission gear, and the output gear. Through two-stage transmission, the diameters of the output gear, the transmission gear, and the output gear can be reduced, making the structure more compact, reducing the size of the five-axis housing, and thus reducing the size of the five-axis numerical control turntable.

[0008] In the above-mentioned improved five-axis numerical control turntable, the installation groove is triangular with rounded corners. The bottom surface of the installation groove slopes downward. The output gear is located at the lower bottom corner of the installation groove, the input gear is located at the upper bottom corner of the installation groove, and the transmission gear is located at the top corner. When the five-axis housing is in a horizontal state, the lubricating oil is concentrated at the lower bottom corner, and at this time the output gear is immersed in the lubricating oil. When the fifth axis rotates towards the upper bottom corner, the lubricating oil will flow to the upper bottom corner, and the input gear will be immersed in the lubricating oil to be lubricated. When the fifth axis rotates in the reverse direction, the lubricating oil will flow to the top corner, and the transmission gear will be immersed in the lubricating oil to be lubricated. Through the installation groove with this structure, direct lubrication of the input gear, the output gear, and the transmission gear can be achieved.

[0009] In the above-mentioned improved five-axis CNC rotary table, the diameters of the input gear, the transmission gear, and the output gear gradually increase. This structure realizes the function of the speed reducer, can more accurately control the rotation of the output gear, thereby accurately controlling the rotation angle of the five-axis tabletop of the fifth axis, and at the same time can also increase the output torque of the output gear.

[0010] In the above-mentioned improved five-axis CNC rotary table, a sealing groove is provided around the mounting groove on the five-axis housing, a first sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove, and the first sealing ring is hermetically connected to the connecting plate. The sealing between the five-axis housing and the connecting plate is realized through this structure.

[0011] In the above-mentioned improved five-axis CNC rotary table, an oil filling hole is provided on the five-axis housing, and the oil filling hole is located above the sealing groove and communicates with the sealing groove. The oil filling hole communicates with the sealing groove, and the lubricating oil fills the oil clearance to completely isolate the inner cavity of the five-axis housing from the outside, thus completely avoiding the possibility of dust in the workshop entering the inner cavity of the five-axis housing.

[0012] In the above-mentioned improved five-axis CNC rotary table, the rotating shaft is in a cylindrical shape, the five-axis motor is fixed inside the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passes through the swing frame, the rotating shaft and the swing frame are connected by bearings, and a positioning ring for fixing the bearings is fixed on the swing frame. The installation of the five-axis motor is realized through this structure, and the structure is simple.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, in this improved five-axis CNC rotary table, the output gear, the transmission gear, and the output gear are arranged in the mounting groove separated from the inner cavity of the five-axis housing, and the inner cavity of the five-axis housing and the mounting groove are lubricated with relatively independent lubricating oil to avoid cross-contamination, thereby increasing the service time of the lubricating oil and reducing the frequency of lubricating oil replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the improved five-axis CNC rotary table.

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic top view structure diagram of the improved five-axis CNC rotary table.

[0016] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional structure diagram along A-A in

[0017] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the sectional structure diagram along B-B in

[0018] Figure 5 is Figure 3 the enlarged structure diagram of part A in

[0019] Figure 6 is Figure 3Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the five-axis housing and the worm

[0021] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the input gear, the transmission gear and the output gear located in the installation groove

[0022] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the bottom plate

[0023] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the brake piston

[0024] Figure 11 It is a top view structure schematic diagram of the reset spring piece

[0025] In the figure, 1. Base; 11. Swing frame; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Bearing; 14. Positioning ring; 15. Connecting plate; 2. Fourth shaft; 21. Four-shaft housing; 22. Four-shaft core shaft; 221. Vent blind hole; 222. Air outlet hole; 223. Seal ring II; 3. Fifth shaft; 31. Five-shaft housing; 32. Braking surface; 33. Air intake annular groove; 34. Through hole; 341. Air intake section; 342. Connecting section; 35. Oil filling hole; 36. Installation groove; 37. Sealing groove; 38. Bottom plate; 381. Piston groove; 382. Threaded hole I; 383. Relief hole I; 384. Inner ring; 385. Outer ring; 386. Air hole; 387. Pressure chamber; 4. Five-shaft motor; 41. Input gear; 42. Transmission gear; 5. Five-shaft core shaft; 51. Turbine; 52. Worm; 521. Oil passing clearance; 53. Output gear; 54. Five-shaft table; 6. Brake disc; 61. Brake piston; 7. Reset spring piece; 71. Fixing hole I; 72. Elastic reset section; 73. Fixing hole II Detailed implementation mode

[0026] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in combination with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments

[0027] Such as Figures 1 to 11As shown in the figure, the improved five-axis CNC rotary table includes a base 1, a fourth axis 2 fixed on the base 1, and a swing frame 11. A fifth axis 3 is provided between the fourth axis 2 and the swing frame 11. The fifth axis 3 includes a five-axis housing 31, a five-axis motor 4, a five-axis spindle 5 rotatably connected in the five-axis housing 31, and a five-axis table 54 fixed at the upper end of the five-axis spindle 5. A turbine 51 is sleeved and fixed on the five-axis spindle 5. A worm 52 is rotatably connected in the five-axis housing 31. The turbine 51 and the worm 52 are engaged to drive the five-axis spindle 5 to rotate. The fourth axis 2 includes a four-axis housing 21 and a four-axis spindle 22. An oil filling hole for filling lubricating oil is opened on the four-axis housing 21. One side of the five-axis housing 31 is fixedly connected to the four-axis spindle 22. A rotating shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the swing frame 11. The rotating shaft 12 is cylindrical. The five-axis motor 4 is fixed inside the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 and the swing frame 11 are connected by a bearing 13. A positioning ring 14 for fixing the bearing 13 is fixed on the swing frame 11. The other side of the five-axis housing 31 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 12. The five-axis motor 4 can drive the worm 52 to rotate. The rotation of the four-axis spindle 22 drives the fifth axis 3 to swing, and the rotation of the five-axis spindle 5 drives the five-axis table 54 to rotate, realizing the swinging and rotating movements of the workpiece.

[0028] The five-axis housing 31 and the rotating shaft 12 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 15. An installation groove 36 is opened on one side of the five-axis housing 31 where the five-axis housing 31 is located. The motor shaft of the five-axis motor 4 extends into the installation groove 36. A communication hole is opened on the installation groove 36. One end of the worm 52 passes through the communication hole and extends into the installation groove 36. There is an oil passing gap 521 between the worm 52 and the communication hole. The motor shaft of the five-axis motor 4 is located obliquely above the worm 52. An input gear 41 is fixed on the motor shaft of the five-axis motor 4. An output gear 53 is fixed at one end of the worm 52. A transmission gear 42 is also rotatably provided in the installation groove 36 between the input gear 41 and the output gear 53. The transmission gear 42 meshes with the input gear 41 and the output gear 53 respectively. The diameters of the input gear 41, the transmission gear 42, and the output gear 53 gradually increase. An oil filling hole 35 is opened on the five-axis housing 31. The oil filling hole 35 is located above the sealing groove 37 and communicates with the sealing groove 37. The oil filling hole 35 communicates with the sealing groove 37. The lubricating oil fills the oil passing gap 521, completely isolating the inner cavity of the five-axis housing 31 from the outside.

[0029] The installation groove 36 is triangular with rounded corners. The bottom surface of the installation groove 36 slopes downward. The output gear 53 is located at the lower bottom corner of the installation groove 36, the input gear 41 is located at the upper bottom corner of the installation groove 36, and the transmission gear 42 is located at the top corner. A sealing groove 37 is formed around the installation groove 36 on the five-axis housing 31. A first sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove 37, and the first sealing ring is hermetically connected to the connecting plate 15. When the five-axis housing 31 is in a horizontal state, the lubricating oil is concentrated at the lower bottom corner. At this time, the output gear 53 is immersed in the lubricating oil. When the fifth shaft 3 moves towards the upper bottom corner, the lubricating oil will flow to the upper bottom corner, and the input gear 41 will be immersed in the lubricating oil to be lubricated. When the fifth shaft 3 rotates in the reverse direction, the lubricating oil will flow towards the top corner, and the transmission gear 42 will be immersed in the lubricating oil to be lubricated. The lubrication of the input gear 41, output gear 53, and transmission gear 42 is achieved through the installation groove 36 with this structure.

[0030] A turbine 51 meshing with a worm 52 is fixed on the five-axis core shaft 5 of the five-axis motor 4. During use, the five-axis housing 31 is filled with lubricating oil, and the liquid level of the lubricating oil submerges the worm 52. When filling the lubricating oil through the oil passing gap 521, the lubricating oil in the five-axis housing 31 enters the installation groove 36 to lubricate the input gear 41, transmission gear 42, and output gear 53. At the same time, since only the oil passing gap 521 is connected, the lubricating oil in the installation groove 36 and the lubricating oil in the five-axis housing 31 are independent of each other, which can prevent the impurity particles generated by the gear transmission in the installation groove 36 from entering the lubricating oil in the five-axis housing 31 and avoid the wear of the turbine 51 and worm 52 due to the impurity particles generated by the gear transmission.

[0031] A through hole 34 is formed on one side of the five-axis housing 31. The through hole 34 includes an air intake section 341 located inside and a communication section 342 located outside. The diameter of the air intake section 341 is smaller than that of the communication section 342. One end of the four-axis core shaft 22 is axially provided with a ventilation blind hole 221. The through hole 34 is aligned and communicated with the ventilation blind hole 221. The center line of the through hole 34 and the center line of the ventilation blind hole 221 are collinear with the axis of the four-axis core shaft 22. Air outlet holes 222 are formed on the inner wall of the ventilation blind hole 221. The air outlet holes 222 are radially formed along the four-axis core shaft 22 and are arranged upward. The air outlet holes 222 are communicated with the inner cavity of the four-axis housing 21. A second sealing ring 223 is also provided between the four-axis core shaft 22 and the five-axis housing 31. The outer hole opening of the through hole 34 and the outer hole opening of the ventilation blind hole 221 are located inside the second sealing ring 223.

[0032] The inner cavity of the five-axis housing 31 is communicated with the inner cavity of the four-axis housing 21 through the communication of the through hole 34, the ventilation blind hole 221 and the air outlet hole 222. The inner cavity of the four-axis housing 21 communicates with the outside through the filling hole. After the temperature in the inner cavity of the five-axis housing 31 rises and causes the gas to expand, the gas is discharged into the four-axis housing 21 through the through hole 34, the ventilation blind hole 221 and the air outlet hole 222, and then discharged to the outside through the filling hole, so that the pressure in the five-axis housing 31 is always the same as that of the outside, avoiding the occurrence of a pressure difference, and thus avoiding the situation of lubricating oil leakage; at the same time, the above structure makes the five-axis housing 31 not directly communicate with the outside, and can avoid the leakage of lubricating oil due to swinging during the swinging of the five-axis housing 31.

[0033] A brake disc 6 is fixed to the lower end of the five-axis mandrel 5. A brake surface 32 is provided in the five-axis housing 31 opposite to the upper side surface of the brake disc 6. A brake piston 61 capable of pressing the brake disc 6 against the brake surface 32 is provided on the lower side surface of the five-axis housing 31 where the brake pads are located. A return spring piece 7 is provided between the brake piston 61 and the five-axis housing 31, which can reset the brake piston 61 in the braking position to a position separated from the brake disc 6.

[0034] At least two fixing holes one 71 for fixing to the five-axis housing 31 are provided on the return spring piece 7. A section of the return spring piece 7 between the two fixing holes one 71 is an elastic return section 72. A fixing hole two 73 for fixedly connecting with the brake piston 61 is opened in the middle of the elastic return section 72. Preferably, three fixing holes one 71 and three fixing holes two 73 are provided on the return spring piece 7. The three fixing holes one 71 are distributed in a circumferential array, the three fixing holes two 73 are distributed in a circumferential array, and the three fixing holes one 71 and the three fixing holes two 73 are arranged staggered. A bottom plate 38 is fixed to the bottom of the five-axis housing 31. A piston groove 381 is provided on the bottom plate 38. The brake piston 61 is located in the piston groove 381. A threaded hole one 382 aligned with the fixing hole one 71 is opened on the bottom surface of the piston groove 381. A relief hole one 383 aligned with the fixing hole two 73 is opened on the bottom surface of the piston groove 381; a relief hole two aligned with the fixing hole one 71 is opened on the bottom surface of the piston, and a threaded hole two aligned with the fixing hole two 73 is opened on the bottom surface of the piston.

[0035] An air intake annular groove 33 is formed on the inner side wall at the bottom of the five-axis housing 31. An inner ring 384 and an outer ring 385 are provided on the bottom plate 38. A piston groove 381 is formed between the inner ring 384 and the outer ring 385. The outer ring 385 is in sealed contact with the inner side wall of the five-axis housing 31. A plurality of air holes 386 are formed in the outer ring 385. The air holes 386 communicate with the air intake annular groove 33. A relief chamfer is provided at the outer edge of the bottom of the brake piston 61. A pressure chamber 387 is formed between the relief chamfer and the outer ring 385. The air holes 386 communicate with the pressure chamber 387. An air pump communicates with the air intake annular groove 33. Two sealing rings III are provided between the outer ring 385 and the five-axis housing 31. The air intake annular groove 33 is located between the two sealing rings III. When braking is required, the air pump is inflated. After passing through the air intake annular groove 33, it enters the pressure chamber 387 through the air holes 386, increasing the air pressure in the pressure chamber 387, thereby pushing the brake piston 61 upward to press the brake disc 6 against the braking surface 32 to achieve braking.

[0036] When the five-axis mandrel 5 rotates, there is a gap between the brake disc 6 and the braking surface 32; when the five-axis mandrel 5 needs to be fixed, the brake piston 61 moves upward under the action of pressure to press the brake disc 6 against the braking surface 32, thereby fixing the five-axis mandrel 5. After the five-axis mandrel 5 needs to rotate, the pressure acting on the brake piston 61 is removed. Under the action of the reset spring piece 7, the brake piston 61 resets and separates from the brake disc 6. At this time, the brake disc 6 rebounds to a flat shape separated from the braking surface 32 when not under force, and the five-axis mandrel 5 resumes free rotation.

[0037] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods for substitution, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An improved five-axis numerical control turntable, comprising a fourth axis (2), a swing frame (11) and a fifth axis (3) located between the fourth axis (2) and the swing frame (11). The fifth axis (3) includes a five-axis housing (31) and a five-axis motor (4). A worm (52) is provided in the five-axis housing (31). A rotating shaft (12) is rotatably connected to the swing frame (11). The five-axis motor (4) is fixed in the rotating shaft (12), and it is characterized in that, The five-axis housing (31) and the rotating shaft (12) are fixedly connected through a connecting plate (15). An installation groove (36) is provided on one side of the connecting plate (15) where the five-axis housing (31) is located. The motor shaft of the five-axis motor (4) extends into the installation groove (36). A communication hole communicating with the inner cavity of the five-axis housing (31) is provided on the installation groove (36). One end of the worm (52) passes through the communication hole and extends into the installation groove (36). There is an oil passing gap (521) between the worm (52) and the communication hole. The motor shaft of the five-axis motor (4) is located obliquely above the worm (52). An input gear (41) is fixed on the motor shaft of the five-axis motor (4). An output gear (53) is fixed at one end of the worm (52). A transmission gear (42) is rotatably provided between the input gear (41) and the output gear (53) in the installation groove (36). The transmission gear (42) meshes with the input gear (41) and the output gear (53) respectively; A sealing groove (37) is provided around the installation groove (36) on the five-axis housing (31). A first sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove (37). The first sealing ring is hermetically connected to the connecting plate (15); A fuel filling hole (35) is provided on the five-axis housing (31). The fuel filling hole (35) is located above the sealing groove (37) and communicates with the sealing groove (37).

2. The improved five-axis numerical control turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation groove (36) is triangular with rounded corners. The bottom surface of the installation groove (36) slopes downward. The output gear (53) is located at the lower bottom corner of the installation groove (36). The input gear (41) is located at the upper bottom corner of the installation groove (36). The transmission gear (42) is located at the top corner.

3. The improved five-axis numerical control turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameters of the input gear (41), the transmission gear (42) and the output gear (53) gradually increase.

4. The improved five-axis numerical control turntable according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (12) is cylindrical. The five-axis motor (4) is fixed inside the rotating shaft (12). The rotating shaft (12) passes through the swing frame (11). The rotating shaft (12) and the swing frame (11) are connected through a bearing (13). A positioning ring (14) for fixing the bearing (13) is fixed on the swing frame (11).

Images