A self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle for radial drilling

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure water jet rock-breaking drilling, and in particular to a self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle for radial drilling, including: a rotating body, an inner stopper, antifriction balls, a central body, adjusting gaskets and an outer stopper. High-pressure water enters through the fluid channel of the central body, enters the cylindrical cavity II through the fluid channel of the inner stopper, and then part of the high-pressure water is ejected from the front nozzle and part is ejected from the rear nozzle. The tangential component of the reaction force generated by the jets ejected from the middle nozzle and the side nozzles of the front nozzle generates a rotational moment, which drives the rotating body to rotate around its own axis. When the nozzle rotates, large-area jet cutting of the rock can be achieved. The jet ejected from the rear nozzle expands the rock-breaking hole on the one hand and provides the self-advancing force for the drill bit on the other hand, realizing the self-advancing function of the drill bit. The nozzle has a simple structure and small size, and can effectively prevent drilling deviation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure water jet rock-breaking drilling, and particularly to a self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle for radial drilling. Background Art

[0002] Affected by geological structures, the coal seam permeability in most mining areas of our country is low, and the extraction of coal seam gas is difficult. In order to improve the coal seam gas permeability and extract coal seam gas more safely, self-advancing water jet bits are now mostly used for radial drilling. Among them, the self-rotating jet bit has the characteristics of a round hole shape, uniform force distribution, and high rock-breaking efficiency due to the self-rotation of the jet, which meets the requirements of coal seam radial drilling. However, the traditional self-rotating jet bit has a complex structure and large size, and is prone to deviation during the radial drilling process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention discloses a self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle with a simple nozzle structure and small size, which can effectively prevent drilling deviation.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle for radial drilling, characterized by comprising: a rotating body, an inner block, antifriction balls, a central body, an adjusting gasket, and an outer block; the rear end of the rotating body is threadedly connected to the outer block; fluid channels are provided inside the inner block, the central body, and the outer block.

[0005] The rotating body has a cylindrical appearance. At the front end outlet of the rotating body, there is 1 central nozzle, 2 middle nozzles, and 2 side nozzles; at the rear end, there is an internal thread for connection with the external thread of the outer block; inside, there is a cavity, which is divided into a conical cavity, a first cylindrical cavity, and a second cylindrical cavity. The taper of the conical cavity is A number of rear nozzles are evenly arranged along the circumference of the second cylindrical cavity; the first cylindrical cavity is installed with an inner block, antifriction balls, and a central body.

[0006] The inner block is assembled in the first cylindrical cavity of the rotating body. On the surface of the inner block near the inlet side of the rotating body, there is a circle of hemispherical grooves, which are covered with antifriction balls.

[0007] On the circumference of the left-end cylinder of the central body, a number of cutting grooves are evenly arranged. On the right-end surface of the cylinder, there is a circle of hemispherical grooves, which are covered with antifriction balls; on the right end of the central body, there is an external thread for connecting a hose joint.

[0008] The antifriction balls are spherical stainless steel balls.

[0009] The adjusting gasket is installed between the outer block and the rotating body.

[0010] The present invention patent is realized through the following technical solutions: High-pressure water enters from the fluid channel of the central body, enters the cylindrical cavity II through the fluid channel of the inner baffle, and then a part of the high-pressure water sprays out from the front nozzle, and a part sprays out from the rear nozzle. The tangential component of the reaction force generated by the jets spraying out from the middle nozzle and the side nozzles of the front nozzle generates a rotational moment, which drives the rotating body to rotate around its own axis. When the nozzle head rotates, it can realize large-area jet cutting and rock breaking of the nozzle jet. The jet spraying out from the rear nozzle expands the rock-breaking channel on the one hand and provides the self-advancing force for the drill bit on the other hand, realizing the self-advancing function of the drill bit.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a simple structure, a small size, and a very small turning radius, and is better applicable to radial drilling; due to the rotation of the drill bit, the self-rotating jet nozzle head increases the effective drilling surface and obtains a better drilling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural sectional view of the self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle head;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a structural sectional view of the rotating body;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a structural sectional view of the inner baffle;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of the central body;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a right view of the rotating body;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the side nozzle;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the middle nozzle.

[0020] The meanings represented by the symbols in the drawings are as follows:

[0021] 1. Rotating body; 1a. External thread; 1b. Cylindrical cavity I; 1c. Cylindrical cavity II; 1d. Rear nozzle; 1e. Conical cavity; 1f. Middle nozzle; 1g. Side nozzle; 1h. Central nozzle;

[0022] 2. Inner baffle; 2a. Hemispherical groove.

[0023] 3. Anti-friction ball.

[0024] 4. Central body; 4a. Undercut groove; 4b. Hemispherical groove; 4c. External thread.

[0025] 5. Adjusting gasket.

[0026] 6. Outer stop block. Specific implementation method

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, the self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle for radial drilling provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a rotating body 1, an inner stop block 2, antifriction balls 3, a central body 4, an adjusting gasket 5 and an outer stop block 6; a central nozzle 1h, two middle nozzles 1f and two side nozzles 1g are arranged at the front end outlet of the rotating body 1, and an internal thread 1a is arranged at the rear end and connected to the external thread 4c of the outer stop block, and a plurality of rear nozzles 1d are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the cylindrical cavity two 1c; the inner stop block 2, the antifriction balls 3 and the central body 4 are installed in the cylindrical cavity one 1b.

[0029] As Figure 6 shown in FIGS. 6-7, the front end face of the rotating body is a circular platform, and a central nozzle 1h, middle nozzles ①f and side nozzles 1g are arranged on the platform. Now, the opening angles of the nozzles are defined as follows: the straight line passing through the starting point of the side nozzle 1g and parallel to the axis of the rotating body 1 is defined as straight line A, the plane where the straight line A and the axis of the rotating body 1 are located is defined as plane A. Based on the straight line A, first deflect a certain angle in the plane A in the direction away from the axis of the rotating body 1, and the size of this angle is set as α. The position at this time is defined as straight line B. The plane perpendicular to the plane A and with the intersection line as the straight line B is defined as plane B. Then, deflect the straight line B by a certain angle in the plane A, and the size of this angle is set as β. The deflected position is defined as straight line C, and the side nozzle 1g is opened along the straight line C; the straight line passing through the starting point of the middle nozzle 1f and parallel to the axis of the rotating body 1 is defined as straight line D, the plane where the straight line D and the axis of the rotating body 1 are located is defined as plane D. The plane perpendicular to the plane D and with the intersection line as the straight line D is defined as plane E. Then, deflect the straight line D by a certain angle in the plane E, and the size of this angle is set as γ. The deflected position is defined as straight line E, and the middle nozzle 1f is opened along the straight line E; the central nozzle 1h is consistent with the axis of the rotating body 1 and is located at the center of the circumference of the front end face of the rotating body 1.

[0030] Preferably, the plane aa′o′o is plane A, the plane bb′c′c is plane B, the plane dd′e′e is plane C, and the plane ff′g′g is plane D.

[0031] As Figure 2As shown, the spatial distribution of the central nozzle 1h, the middle nozzle 1f, and the side nozzle 1g on the circular platform at the front end face of the rotating body 1.

[0032] The antifriction balls 3 are installed in the hemispherical grooves 2a of the inner block 2 and the hemispherical grooves 4b of the central body, which can reduce friction and act as bearings.

[0033] The adjusting gasket 5 is installed between the outer block 6 and the rotating body 1. By adjusting the thickness of the adjusting gasket 5, the clearance inside the rotating body 1 is adjusted, the circumferential friction coefficient is changed, and thus the rotation speed of the nozzle is adjusted.

[0034] Preferably, in order to prevent the antifriction balls 3 from falling off during operation, the thickness of the adjusting gasket 5 should be less than the radius of the antifriction balls 3.

[0035] Preferably, there is 1 central nozzle 1h with a nozzle diameter of 0.5 mm; the number of side nozzles 1g is 2, symmetrically distributed at a distance of 5 - 8 mm from the center of the circumference of the front end face of the rotating body 1 and α is between 15° - 25°, β is between 20° - 60°, and the nozzle diameter is 1 mm; the number of middle nozzles 1f is 2, symmetrically distributed at a distance of 3 mm from the center of the circumference of the front end face of the rotating body 1 and γ is between 20° - 60°, and the nozzle diameter is 1 mm; the opening directions of the middle nozzles 1f and the side nozzles 1g both deflect towards the same side; a number of rear nozzles 1d are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the cylindrical cavity 1c of the rotating body 1, and the axis of the rear nozzles 1d forms an angle of 30° with the axis of the rotating body 1; the taper of the conical cavity 1c is between 30° - 45°.

[0036] Preferably, during the rotation of the drill bit, the sealing treatment adopts a non-contact high-pressure water gap seal. The specific operation is as follows: a number of undercut grooves 4a are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side surface of the left-end cylinder of the central body 4. On the one hand, when the high-pressure water passes through the undercut grooves, turbulence mixing occurs, dissipating the energy of the fluid, balancing the pressure distribution in the gap, and enhancing the sealing effect; on the other hand, there is a certain leakage amount in the undercut groove gap, which can play a role in lubrication and reducing the frictional resistance.

[0037] The working principle of the nozzle of the present invention:

[0038] The central body 4 is fixed by threadedly connecting a hose joint at the rear end, the inner block 2 is placed at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 1b inside the rotating body 1 and forms a fixation with the rotating body 1, the adjusting gasket 5 is placed between the outer block 6 and the rotating body 1, the outer block 6 and the rotating body 1 are threadedly connected, and the rotating body 1, the inner block 2, the adjusting gasket 5, and the outer block 6 form an integral body, and the antifriction balls 3 act as bearings; during operation, the central body 4 and the hose joint are fixed together and do not move, and the rotating body 1, the inner block 2, the adjusting gasket 5, and the outer block 6 are fixed together and rotate.

[0039] High-pressure water enters from the fluid channel of the central body 4, enters the cylindrical cavity II 1c through the fluid channel of the inner stopper 2, and then a part of the high-pressure water sprays out from the front nozzle, and a part sprays out from the rear nozzle 1d. The tangential component of the reaction force generated by the jets spraying out from the middle nozzle 1f and the side nozzles 1g of the front nozzle generates a rotational moment, thereby driving the rotating body 1 to rotate around its own axis. When the nozzle head rotates, it can realize large-area jet spraying for rock cutting. The jet spraying out from the rear nozzle expands the rock-breaking hole on the one hand and provides the self-advancing force for the drill bit on the other hand, realizing the self-advancing function of the drill bit.

[0040] The above description is only the best embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle for radial drilling, characterized in that Including: A rotating body (1), an inner stopper (2), a first anti-friction ball, a second anti-friction ball, a central body (4), an adjusting shim (5) and an outer stopper (6); the rear end of the rotating body (1) is threadedly connected to the outer stopper (6); fluid channels are provided inside the inner stopper (2), the central body (4) and the outer stopper (6). On the circumference of the left-end cylinder of the central body (4), a number of counterbores (4a) are evenly arranged; on the right-end surface of the cylinder, a circle of hemispherical grooves (4b) is provided, and the first anti-friction balls are paved on them, and the first anti-friction balls act as bearings; an external thread (4c) is provided at the right end of the central body (4) for connecting a hose joint. The adjusting shim (5) is installed between the outer stopper (6) and the rotating body (1). By adjusting the thickness of the adjusting shim (5), the clearance inside the rotating body (1) is adjusted, the circumferential friction coefficient is changed, and thus the rotating speed of the nozzle is adjusted. The rotating body (1) has a cylindrical appearance. At the front-end outlet of the rotating body (1), there is 1 central nozzle (1h), 2 middle nozzles (1f) and 2 side nozzles (1g). At the rear end, there is an internal thread (1a) for threaded connection with the external thread of the outer stopper; a cavity is provided inside, which is divided into a conical cavity (1e), a first cylindrical cavity (1b) and a second cylindrical cavity (1c); a number of rear nozzles (1d) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the second cylindrical cavity (1c); the first cylindrical cavity (1b) is installed with the inner stopper (2), the first anti-friction ball, the second anti-friction ball and the central body (4).

2. The self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle for radial drilling according to claim 1, wherein: On the surface of the inner stopper (2) near the inlet side of the rotating body (1), a circle of hemispherical grooves (2a) is provided, and the second anti-friction balls are paved on them.

3. The self-rotating jet self-advancing nozzle for radial drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first anti-friction ball and the second anti-friction ball are spherical stainless steel balls.

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