A coal shearer and a coal mining method for separate mining of coal and gangue

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shearer and a coal mining method for separate mining of coal and gangue. The key points of the technical solution are as follows: it includes a fuselage; two rocker arms which are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the fuselage; two main drums which are respectively rotatably connected to the sides of the two rocker arms close to the coal wall, and the diameter of the main drum is larger than the thickness of the thin coal seam; and an auxiliary drum which is arranged on the side of the fuselage close to the coal wall, and the auxiliary drum can be retracted into the fuselage and can extend out of the fuselage. When the auxiliary drum extends out of the fuselage, the distance between the end of the auxiliary drum far from the fuselage and the side of the fuselage close to the coal wall is greater than the distance between the end of the main drum close to the coal wall and the side of the fuselage close to the coal wall; the raw coal in the thin coal seam is collected by the auxiliary drum, and the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam is collected by the two main drums, so that the separate mining of raw coal and gangue can be realized by the shearer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a coal mining machine, and more specifically, to a coal shearer and a coal mining method for separately mining coal and gangue. Background Art

[0002] With the substantial improvement of the mechanized mining level of thin coal seams in China, the mining proportion of thin coal seams has gradually increased; when the existing coal shearers are used for mining thin coal seams, they can only simultaneously mine the thin coal seams and the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seams by the coal shearer, resulting in a large amount of gangue mixed in the mined raw coal, and subsequent separation of the raw coal and gangue is required.

[0003] There is an urgent need for a coal mining device that can separately mine raw coal and gangue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal shearer and a coal mining method for separately mining coal and gangue, which collect the raw coal in the thin coal seam through the auxiliary drum, and collect the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam through the two main drums, and can separately mine the raw coal and gangue through the coal shearer.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A coal shearer for separately mining coal and gangue, comprising a fuselage;

[0006] Two rocker arms, which are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the fuselage;

[0007] Two main drums, which are respectively rotatably connected to the sides of the two rocker arms close to the coal wall, and the diameter of the main drum is greater than the thickness of the thin coal seam;

[0008] And an auxiliary drum, which is arranged on the side of the fuselage close to the coal wall, the auxiliary drum can be received into the fuselage and can extend out of the fuselage. When the auxiliary drum extends out of the fuselage, the distance between the end of the auxiliary drum far from the fuselage and the side of the fuselage close to the coal wall is greater than the distance between the end of the main drum close to the coal wall and the side of the fuselage close to the coal wall.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when mining the raw coal in the thin coal seam, the auxiliary drum is extended out of the fuselage, and the auxiliary drum is inserted into the thin coal seam for mining the raw coal. When the main drum is close to the coal wall, the auxiliary drum is received into the fuselage, and the two main drums are used to collect the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam until the gangue is flush with the thin coal seam, and then the auxiliary drum is extended again to mine the thin coal seam. Through the setting of the auxiliary drum, the raw coal and gangue can be separately collected, so that subsequent separation of the gangue and raw coal is not required.

[0010] The present invention is further provided with: It further includes a box body, which is rotatably connected to the fuselage and is located on the side of the fuselage close to the coal wall;

[0011] The auxiliary drum is located at one end of the box body away from the connection between the box body and the fuselage where they rotate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the box body can realize the storage and extension of the auxiliary drum.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as: further comprising a power mechanism, which is arranged inside the box body;

[0014] And a transmission mechanism, which is arranged inside the box body and is in transmission connection with the power mechanism.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as: further comprising an output shaft, which is located at the end of the box body where the auxiliary drum is arranged, one end of which extends into the box body and is in transmission connection with the transmission mechanism, and the auxiliary drum is sleeved outside the output shaft and is driven by the output shaft to rotate.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as: further comprising a universal joint, one end of the universal joint is fixed on the box body, and the other end is fixed on the fuselage.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as: further comprising an oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder is used to drive the box body to rotate on the fuselage.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as: a groove is arranged on one side of the fuselage close to the coal wall, the universal joint and the oil cylinder are located in the groove, and the box body and the auxiliary drum can be stored in the groove by rotating the box body.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, by arranging the groove, the auxiliary drum can be accommodated after the box body rotates.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as: the transmission mechanism is composed of a plurality of gears, and the plurality of gears are sequentially meshed with each other.

[0021] The present invention is further configured as: the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is rotationally connected to the fuselage through an ear seat, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder is rotationally connected to the box body through an ear seat.

[0022] Another object of the present invention is to provide a coal mining method, which includes the following steps:

[0023] Raw coal mining, the oil cylinder drives the box body to rotate, so that the auxiliary drum extends out of the fuselage, and the raw coal in the thin coal seam is mined by the auxiliary drum;

[0024] Gangue collection, the oil cylinder drives the box body to rotate, so that the auxiliary drum is stored in the fuselage, and the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam is mined by the main drum until the gangue layer is flush with the thin coal seam to provide a space for the coal shearer to feed;

[0025] The two steps of raw coal mining and gangue collection are cycled.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0027] 1. The present invention collects raw coal in thin coal seams through the auxiliary drum, and collects gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam through two main drums, enabling the separate mining of raw coal and gangue by the shearer;

[0028] 2. The present invention can realize the accommodation and extension of the auxiliary drum by the rotation of the box body;

[0029] 3. By setting the groove, the present invention can accommodate the auxiliary drum after the box body rotates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the accommodation of the auxiliary drum in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the extension of the auxiliary drum in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 3 For Figure 1 Enlarged schematic view of part A;

[0033] Figure 4 For Figure 2 Enlarged schematic view of part B.

[0034] In the figure: 1, fuselage; 2, boom; 3, main drum; 4, auxiliary drum; 41, output shaft; 5, box body; 6, power mechanism; 7, transmission mechanism; 8, universal joint; 9, oil cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, other similar embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall all fall within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, the directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., are only references to the directions in the drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustration rather than to limit the present invention.

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment: A shearer and coal mining method for separate mining of coal and gangue, see attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 4, including a fuselage 1, two rocker arms 2 rotatably connected to both ends of the fuselage 1, two main drums 3 respectively rotatably connected to the side of the two rocker arms 2 close to the coal wall, and an auxiliary drum 4 arranged on the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall. The diameter of the main drum 3 is greater than the thickness of the thin coal seam; specifically, the auxiliary drum 4 can be received into the fuselage 1 and can extend out of the fuselage 1. When the auxiliary drum 4 extends out of the fuselage 1, the distance between the end of the auxiliary drum 4 away from the fuselage 1 and the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall is greater than the distance between the end of the main drum 3 close to the coal wall and the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall.

[0038] When collecting raw coal in the thin coal seam, the auxiliary drum 4 is extended out of the fuselage 1, and the auxiliary drum 4 is inserted into the thin coal seam for raw coal mining. Since the distance between the end of the auxiliary drum 4 away from the fuselage 1 and the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall is greater than the distance between the end of the main drum 3 close to the coal wall and the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall, when the auxiliary drum 4 collects raw coal in the thin coal seam, the main drum 3 will not contact the gangue. As the mining progresses, the distance between the main drum 3 and the coal wall shortens. When the main drum 3 is close to the coal wall, the auxiliary drum 4 is received into the fuselage 1, and the two main drums 3 are used to collect the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam until the gangue is flush with the thin coal seam, and then the auxiliary drum 4 is extended again to mine the thin coal seam. Through the setting of the auxiliary drum 4, the raw coal and the gangue can be collected respectively, so that there is no need to separate the gangue and the raw coal subsequently.

[0039] Specifically, this embodiment further includes a box body 5. The box body 5 is rotatably connected to the fuselage 1 and is located on the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall. The auxiliary drum 4 is located at one end of the box body 5 away from the rotational connection between the box body 5 and the fuselage 1; through the rotation of the box body 5, the axis of the auxiliary drum 4 is parallel to the length direction of the fuselage 1. At this time, when the main drum 3 mines the gangue on the coal wall, the auxiliary drum 4 will not contact the coal wall. When the auxiliary drum 4 is rotated to have its axis parallel to the main drum 3 through the rotation of the box body 5, the distance between the end of the auxiliary drum 4 away from the fuselage 1 and the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall is greater than the distance between the end of the main drum 3 close to the coal wall and the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall, so that the auxiliary drum 4 can independently mine the raw coal in the thin coal seam.

[0040] Specifically, this embodiment further includes a power mechanism 6 and a transmission mechanism 7 arranged in the box body 5. The power mechanism 6 is arranged at one end of the box body 5 close to the connection between the box body 5 and the fuselage 1, and the transmission mechanism 7 is located in the box body 5 and is in transmission connection with the power mechanism 6; at one end of the box body 5 provided with the auxiliary drum 4, there is an output shaft 41. One end of the output shaft 41 extends into the box body 5 and is in transmission connection with the transmission mechanism 7 in the box body 5. The auxiliary drum 4 is sleeved outside the output shaft 41 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft 41 together.

[0041] The power mechanism 6 drives the output shaft 41 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 7, thereby driving the auxiliary drum 4 to rotate through the output shaft 41, realizing the mining of thin coal seams.

[0042] Specifically, the power mechanism 6 is set as an electric motor, and the transmission mechanism 7 is composed of multiple gears. The multiple gears are sequentially meshed with each other. The first-stage gear is in transmission connection with the electric motor, and the last-stage gear is in transmission connection with the output shaft 41; by adjusting the gear ratio, the transmission mechanism 7 can achieve the effect of deceleration.

[0043] Specifically, this embodiment further includes a universal joint 8. One end of the universal joint 8 is fixed on the box body 5, and the other end is fixed on the fuselage 1; through the setting of the universal joint 8, the rotational connection between the box body 5 and the fuselage 1 is realized; specifically, this embodiment further includes an oil cylinder 9, and the oil cylinder 9 is used to drive the box body 5 to rotate on the fuselage 1; specifically, the cylinder block of the oil cylinder 9 is rotationally connected to the fuselage 1 through an ear seat, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder 9 is rotationally connected to the box body 5 through an ear seat; the rotational axis of the cylinder block of the oil cylinder 9 on the fuselage 1 and the rotational axis of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 9 on the box body 5 are also vertically arranged. By the telescopic movement of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 9, the box body 5 can be driven to rotate.

[0044] Specifically, a groove is provided on one side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall. The universal joint 8 and the oil cylinder 9 are located in the groove. When the axis of the auxiliary drum 4 is parallel to the length direction of the fuselage 1 through the rotation of the box body 5, the box body 5 and the auxiliary drum 4 are received into the groove.

[0045] The working principle of this coal-gangue separate-mining shearer during use is as follows: When mining raw coal in a thin coal seam, the auxiliary drum 4 is extended from the fuselage 1, and the auxiliary drum 4 is extended into the thin coal seam for raw coal mining. Since the distance between the end of the auxiliary drum 4 far from the fuselage 1 and the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall is greater than the distance between the end of the main drum 3 close to the coal wall and the side of the fuselage 1 close to the coal wall, when the auxiliary drum 4 mines raw coal in the thin coal seam, the main drum 3 will not contact the gangue. As the mining progresses, the distance between the main drum 3 and the coal wall shortens. When the main drum 3 is close to the coal wall, the auxiliary drum 4 is received into the fuselage 1, and the two main drums 3 are used to collect the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam until the gangue is flush with the thin coal seam, and then the auxiliary drum 4 is extended again to mine the thin coal seam. Through the setting of the auxiliary drum 4, raw coal and gangue can be collected separately, so that there is no need to separate the gangue and raw coal subsequently.

[0046] Embodiment 2: A coal mining method, which applies the coal-gangue separate-mining shearer in Embodiment 1, includes the following steps:

[0047] Raw coal mining: The oil cylinder 9 drives the box body 5 to rotate, so that the auxiliary drum 4 extends from the fuselage 1, and the auxiliary drum 4 is used to mine the raw coal in the thin coal seam;

[0048] Gangue collection: The oil cylinder 9 drives the box body 5 to rotate, so that the auxiliary roller 4 is received into the fuselage 1, and the main roller 3 is used to mine the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam until the gangue layer is flush with the thin coal seam to provide a space for the shearer to feed.

[0049] The two steps of raw coal mining and gangue collection are carried out cyclically.

[0050] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal shearer for separate mining of coal and gangue, characterized in that: Comprising a fuselage (1); Two rocker arms (2), which are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the fuselage (1); Two main drums (3), which are respectively rotatably connected to the side of the two rocker arms (2) close to the coal wall, and the diameter of the main drum (3) is greater than the thickness of the thin coal seam; And a secondary drum (4), which is arranged on the side of the fuselage (1) close to the coal wall. The secondary drum (4) can be retracted into the fuselage (1) and can extend out of the fuselage (1). When the secondary drum (4) extends out of the fuselage (1), the distance between the end of the secondary drum (4) far from the fuselage (1) and the side of the fuselage (1) close to the coal wall is greater than the distance between the end of the main drum (3) close to the coal wall and the side of the fuselage (1) close to the coal wall; A box body (5), which is rotatably connected to the fuselage (1) and is located on the side of the fuselage (1) close to the coal wall; the secondary drum (4) is located at one end of the box body (5) far from the rotational connection between the box body (5) and the fuselage (1); Wherein, when the main drum (3) mines the gangue on the coal wall, through the rotation of the box body (5), the axis of the secondary drum (4) is parallel to the length direction of the fuselage (1), so that the secondary drum (4) does not contact the coal wall; when the secondary drum (4) mines the raw coal in the thin coal seam, through the rotation of the box body (5), the secondary drum (4) is rotated until its axis is parallel to the main drum (3), so that the distance between the end of the secondary drum (4) far from the fuselage (1) and the side of the fuselage (1) close to the coal wall is greater than the distance between the end of the main drum (3) close to the coal wall and the side of the fuselage (1) close to the coal wall, so that the main drum (3) does not contact the coal wall.

2. The coal shearer for separate mining of coal and gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a power mechanism (6), which is arranged in the box body (5); And a transmission mechanism (7), which is arranged in the box body (5) and is in transmission connection with the power mechanism (6).

3. The coal mining machine for separate mining of coal and gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that: Further comprising an output shaft (41), which is located at one end of the box body (5) where the secondary drum (4) is arranged. One end of the output shaft (41) extends into the box body (5) and is in transmission connection with the transmission mechanism (7). The secondary drum (4) is sleeved outside the output shaft (41) and is driven by the output shaft (41) to rotate.

4. A coal shearer for separate mining of coal and gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: Further comprising a universal joint (8), one end of the universal joint (8) is fixed on the box body (5), and the other end is fixed on the fuselage (1).

5. The coal shearer for separate mining of coal and gangue according to claim 4, characterized in that: Further comprising an oil cylinder (9), the oil cylinder (9) is used to drive the box body (5) to rotate on the fuselage (1).

6. The coal shearer for separate mining of coal and gangue according to claim 5, characterized in that: A groove is arranged on the side of the fuselage (1) close to the coal wall. The universal joint (8) and the oil cylinder (9) are located in the groove, and the box body (5) and the secondary drum (4) can be retracted into the groove by rotating the box body (5).

7. The coal mining machine for separate mining of coal and gangue according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (7) is composed of a plurality of gears, and the plurality of gears are sequentially meshed with each other.

8. A coal shearer for separate mining of coal and gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cylinder body of the oil cylinder (9) is rotatably connected to the fuselage (1) through an ear seat, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder (9) is rotatably connected to the box body (5) through an ear seat.

9. A coal mining method using the coal shearer for separate mining of coal and gangue according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Including the following steps: Raw coal mining, driving the box body (5) to rotate through the oil cylinder (9), so that the secondary drum (4) extends out of the fuselage (1), and mining the raw coal in the thin coal seam through the secondary drum (4); Gangue collection: The oil cylinder (9) drives the box body (5) to rotate, so that the auxiliary drum (4) is received into the fuselage (1), and the gangue at the top and bottom of the thin coal seam is mined by the main drum (3) until the gangue layer is flush with the thin coal seam to provide space for the shearer to feed; The two steps of raw coal mining and gangue collection are carried out cyclically.

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