A transient electromagnetic measurement device and measurement method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of transient electromagnetic measurement, and particularly relates to a transient electromagnetic measurement device and a measurement method. The device includes a transient electromagnetic measuring instrument, a transmitting coil, and a receiving coil. Four fixing piles are respectively arranged in a matching manner for the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. The fixing pile includes a buoyancy support component, a columnar shell, and a needle component arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The buoyancy support component includes a support block, a connecting rod, and a floating barrel vertically connected in sequence from top to bottom. A cavity is provided inside the columnar shell and is filled with liquid. The floating barrel is arranged in the cavity and floats on the liquid, and the connecting rod penetrates through the upper surface of the columnar shell. A water outlet communicating with the cavity is provided on the outer side surface of the columnar shell, and a valve is arranged at the water outlet and is connected to the water outlet of an adjacent fixing pile through a water pipe. The present invention solves the problem that when the side lengths of the receiving coil and the transmitting wire frame are too long, it is difficult for the receiving coil and the transmitting wire frame to be in the same horizontal plane during installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transient electromagnetic measurement, and particularly relates to a transient electromagnetic measurement device and a measurement method. Background Art

[0002] The transient electromagnetic method (TEM for short) is one of the main means of geophysical exploration. By transmitting electromagnetic waves underground to excite underground targets and receiving the secondary fields generated by them, the physical parameters of the measured targets are determined. The transient electromagnetic measurement device consists of two parts: a transmitting loop and a receiving loop. The working process is divided into three parts: transmitting, electromagnetic induction, and receiving. When a step current is passed through the transmitting loop and the transmitting current suddenly drops from a certain value to zero, according to the electromagnetic induction theory, the sudden change of the current in the transmitting loop will surely generate a magnetic field around it, which is called the primary magnetic field. During the propagation of the primary magnetic field in the surrounding area, if it encounters a good conductive geological body underground, an induced current, also known as eddy current or secondary current, will be excited in it. Since the secondary current changes with time, a new magnetic field, called the secondary magnetic field, will be generated around it. Due to the heat loss of the induced current in the good conductive geological body, the secondary magnetic field generally decays with time approximately according to an exponential law, forming a transient field. The secondary magnetic field mainly comes from the induced current in the good conductive geological body, so it contains geological information related to the geological body. The secondary field is observed through the receiving loop, and the observed data is analyzed and processed to interpret the relevant physical parameters of the underground geological body.

[0003] Since the development of the transient electromagnetic method, there have been various working devices. For example: overlapping loop device, central loop device, same loop device, dipole device, etc. Among them, for the central loop device, the receiving coil should be placed at the center point of the transmitting wire frame and adjusted to a horizontal position, and the transmitting wire frame and the receiving coil should be placed on the same horizontal plane as much as possible. However, in actual measurement, based on the rigor of scientific measurement, it is very difficult to ensure that the receiving coil and the transmitting wire frame are on the same horizontal plane at each measurement point. Therefore, the actual measurement is rather cumbersome and requires repeated adjustment and testing, which is likely to result in inaccurate data detection, greatly affecting the work efficiency and measurement accuracy.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the structural design of existing measurement devices mainly includes transient electromagnetic measuring instruments, transmitting coils, receiving coils, and auxiliary plates / frames, etc. Among them, square coils are generally used for both the transmitting and receiving coils. The reason is that it can obtain the maximum magnetic moment to facilitate improving the measurement accuracy. When the side lengths of the receiving coil and the transmitting frame are small, for example, when the side lengths of both the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are within the range of 0.4 meters, it is only necessary to install the transmitting coil and the receiving coil on the auxiliary plate / frame. In actual use, for example, when repeating measurements at different measurement points, it is very convenient to move the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and accurately set the relative positions of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. It only needs to move the auxiliary plate / frame. However, when the side lengths of the receiving coil and the transmitting frame are large, for example, when the side lengths of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are 2 meters and 1 meter respectively, the design of the auxiliary plate / frame becomes very inconvenient. Therefore, the problem of it being difficult to ensure that the receiving coil and the transmitting frame are in the same horizontal plane will also be faced. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a transient electromagnetic measurement device, which solves the problem that when the side lengths of the receiving coil and the transmitting coil are too long, it is difficult for the receiving coil and the transmitting frame to be in the same horizontal plane during installation, and a large amount of time is required for adjustment and setting, resulting in cumbersome measurement, possible inaccurate data detection, and greatly affecting work efficiency and measurement accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above objective, a transient electromagnetic measurement device is provided, which includes a transient electromagnetic measuring instrument, a transmitting coil, and a receiving coil. Four fixing piles are respectively arranged for the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. The fixing pile includes a buoyancy support component, a cylindrical shell, and a needle component arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0007] The buoyancy support component includes a support block, a connecting rod, and a floating bucket that are vertically connected in sequence from top to bottom. An L-shaped card slot is opened on the upper surface of the support block.

[0008] The cylindrical shell has a cavity inside and is filled with liquid; the floating bucket is arranged in the cavity and floats on the liquid. The connecting rod penetrates through the upper surface of the cylindrical shell and is slidably connected with the cylindrical shell up and down; a water outlet communicating with the cavity is opened on the outer side surface of the cylindrical shell. A valve is arranged at the water outlet and is connected to the water outlet of an adjacent fixing pile through a water pipe.

[0009] A spool and a coil spring for resetting the spool are arranged on the support block. The wire head on the spool is pulled through and fixed on the support block of the fixing pile on the diagonal.

[0010] Principle and advantages:

[0011] 1. The settings of four fixed piles, a cavity, a liquid, a water outlet and a valve. The structural designs of the four fixed piles are the same. Therefore, when the water outlets of adjacent fixed piles are connected by a water pipe and the valve is opened, a communicating vessel is formed. Based on the principle of the communicating vessel, it can be known that the liquid levels inside two adjacent fixed piles will be at the same height. And because the floating buckets provide buoyancy and the connecting rods have the same length, no matter how steep the ground slope is, it can ensure that one side of the receiving coil or the transmitting coil on the supporting blocks of two adjacent fixed piles is parallel to the horizontal plane. Similarly, make one side of the receiving coil or the transmitting coil frame on the other two adjacent fixed piles also parallel to the horizontal plane and have the same length. Therefore, based on the judgment characteristic of whether the sides of a quadrilateral belong to the same plane, when a pair of sides of a quadrilateral are parallel and have the same length, the other pair of sides are also parallel, and the four sides are in the same plane. Therefore, all sides of the receiving coil or the transmitting coil frame are in one plane.

[0012] 2. The settings of the bobbin and the coil spring. The coil spring provides a restoring force for the bobbin body. And the wire end on the bobbin is pulled through and fixed on the fixed pile on the diagonal line. Therefore, the center position of the transmitting coil can be determined through the diagonal line, so as to facilitate the installation of the receiving coil and the corresponding fixed pile according to the center position and the diagonal line. Thus, it is ensured that both the receiving coil and the transmitting coil are in one plane. Furthermore, it can avoid the problem of spending a lot of time adjusting the settings repeatedly, making the measurement cumbersome, resulting in inaccurate data detection, and affecting the work efficiency and measurement accuracy.

[0013] Further, a rotary cover is threadedly connected to the upper part of the columnar shell. The center of the upper surface of the rotary cover is provided with an opening for the connecting rod to pass through, and a transparent part is provided on the side surface of the columnar shell.

[0014] Set a part of the side surface of the fixed pile to be transparent so as to observe the height of the liquid level in the floating bucket. Then rotate the rotary cover so that the upper end of the rotary cover abuts against the lower surface of the supporting block, thereby raising the overall height of the supporting block, the connecting rod and the floating bucket, so as to adjust the height of the liquid level in the floating bucket. Just make the height between the floating bucket and the liquid level in each fixed pile consistent, and the influence caused by the irregular center of gravity can be eliminated, ensuring that all sides of the receiving coil or the transmitting coil frame are in one plane, and at the same time ensuring the stable operation of the communicating vessel.

[0015] Further, an exhaust hole is opened on the upper surface of the upper part of the columnar shell, and a sealing component is provided on the inner wall of the rotary cover to block the exhaust hole after it is tightened.

[0016] The setting of the exhaust hole facilitates the formation of a better communicating vessel between two fixed piles when the rotary cover is loosened, thus ensuring that both the receiving coil and the transmitting coil are in one plane. And the sealing component is convenient for sealing when the rotary cover is tightened, so as to achieve the effect of preventing leakage. It can make it very convenient to carry and use outdoors.

[0017] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes an elastic washer and an elastic sealing block.

[0018] It is convenient to achieve sealing, thus achieving the effect of preventing leakage, so that it is very convenient to carry and use outdoors.

[0019] Furthermore, a conical elastic stop is sleeved on the connecting rod at the connection part on the upper surface of the rotary cover, and the area of the opening on the rotary cover is smaller than the size of the bottom circle of the elastic stop.

[0020] When the rotary cover is tightened, the rotary cover can squeeze the conical elastic stop, making the elastic stop closely adhere to the connecting rod, thereby achieving better sealing and the effect of preventing leakage, so that it is very convenient to carry and use outdoors.

[0021] Furthermore, a chamfer is provided at the corner part of the L-shaped card slot.

[0022] Through chamfering treatment, it is avoided to damage the receiving coil and the transmitting wire frame.

[0023] Furthermore, a height scale is provided on the side wall of the floating bucket facing the transparent part of the columnar housing.

[0024] The setting of the height scale is convenient for observing the height of the liquid level in the floating bucket. Then rotate the rotary cover so that the upper end of the rotary cover abuts against the lower surface of the support block, thereby raising the overall height of the support block, the connecting rod and the floating bucket, so as to adjust the height of the liquid level in the floating bucket. Just make the height between the floating bucket and the liquid level in each fixed pile consistent, and the influence caused by the irregular center of gravity can be eliminated, ensuring that each side of the receiving coil or the transmitting wire frame is in a plane, and at the same time ensuring the stable operation of the communicating vessel.

[0025] Furthermore, four scales are uniformly arranged on the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are bent at right angles at the four scales.

[0026] The square transmitting coil and receiving coil can obtain the maximum magnetic moment, so as to improve the measurement accuracy. Since the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are mostly wound with copper wire and can be freely bent, the four scales can ensure that the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are smoothly bent into a square, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

[0027] Furthermore, an insertion depth scale is provided on the needle component.

[0028] It is convenient to guide the unified insertion depth of each fixed pile, avoid the influence caused by different insertion depths, and ensure that each side of the receiving coil or the transmitting wire frame is in a plane.

[0029] The second object of the present invention is to provide a transient electromagnetic measurement method, which uses the above-mentioned device and specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] S1. Determine the number of turns of the transmitting coil and bend it at right angles at four scales on the transmitting coil;

[0031] S2. At the measurement point, fix the four corners of the transmitting coil through the L-shaped card slots of the support blocks on the four fixed piles. When inserting the fixed piles, the depths are unified and each side of the transmitting coil is tightened;

[0032] S3. Connect the water outlets of adjacent two fixed piles through a water pipe and open the valve; at the same time, unscrew the rotary cover to open the exhaust port to form a communicating vessel;

[0033] S4. Observe and record the relative position of the liquid level and the floating bucket through the transparent part of the columnar shell in the fixed pile; then rotate the rotary cover to make the relative positions of the liquid levels inside each fixed pile and the floating bucket equal;

[0034] S5. Pull the wire head on the bobbin through and fix it on the fixed pile on the diagonal line to obtain the two diagonals and the center position of the transmitting coil;

[0035] S6. Install the receiving coil and set the corresponding fixed piles according to the center position and the diagonal line, and according to steps S1-S4;

[0036] S7. After arranging the measurement site, connect the receiving coil and the transmitting coil to the transient electromagnetic measuring instrument to collect data;

[0037] S8. After the measurement is completed, close the valve and tighten the rotary cover. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a transient electromagnetic measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged schematic view of the upper surface of the rotary cover of a transient electromagnetic measurement device;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a top view after the fixed piles, the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are installed. Detailed Embodiment

[0041] The following is further detailed through specific embodiments:

[0042] The marks in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: bobbin 1, support block 2, L-shaped card slot 3, connecting rod 4, opening 5, elastic washer 6, rotary cover 7, elastic stop 8, exhaust hole 9, floating bucket 10, valve 11, needle component 12, column 13, wire passing column 15, transmitting coil 16, receiving coil 17.

[0043] Embodiment

[0044] A transient electromagnetic measurement device is basically as shown in the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 as follows: It includes a transient electromagnetic measuring instrument, a transmitting coil 16 and a receiving coil 17. The transient electromagnetic measuring instrument, the transmitting coil 16 and the receiving coil 17 are all existing structural designs, and will not be specifically described in this solution. In this solution, four scales are evenly arranged on the transmitting coil 16 and the receiving coil 17, and the transmitting coil 16 and the receiving coil 17 are bent at right angles at the four scales.

[0045] Four fixing piles are respectively arranged for the transmitting coil 16 and the receiving coil 17. The fixing pile includes a buoyancy support component, a cylindrical shell and a needle component 12 which are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom;

[0046] The buoyancy support component includes a support block 2, a connecting rod 4 and a floating barrel 10 which are vertically and fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom. An L-shaped card slot 3 is opened on the upper surface of the support block 2; a chamfer is arranged at the corner of the L-shaped card slot 3. The floating barrel 10 is hollow and sealed, and is used to provide buoyancy for the whole buoyancy support component, so that the whole buoyancy support component can float on the liquid.

[0047] The cylindrical shell is internally provided with a cavity and filled with liquid. The floating barrel 10 is arranged in the cavity and floats on the liquid; the connecting rod 4 penetrates through the upper surface of the cylindrical shell and is slidably connected with the cylindrical shell up and down; a water outlet communicating with the cavity is opened at the bottom of the outer side surface of the cylindrical shell, a valve 11 is arranged at the water outlet, and is connected to the water outlet of an adjacent fixing pile through a water pipe;

[0048] The needle component 12 is in the shape of a needle tip, and an insertion depth scale is arranged on the side surface. It is convenient to guide the unified insertion depth of each fixing pile and avoid the influence caused by different insertion depths.

[0049] A spool 1 and a coil spring for resetting the spool 1 are arranged on the support block 2. The thread head on the spool 1 is pulled through and fixed on the support block 2 of the fixing pile on the diagonal line. In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, a column 13 and a wire passing column 15 are arranged on the support block 2. The connection line between the column 13 and the wire passing column 15 presents a 45° angle with respect to the two right-angle sides of the L-shaped card slot 3. The spool 1 is strung on the column 13 to facilitate the position fixing and rotation of the spool 1, and the thread head of the spool 1 passes through the limit hole on the wire passing column 15 to facilitate the thread head to be pulled through and fixed on the support block 2 of the fixing pile on the diagonal line.

[0050] The outer side surface of the upper part of the columnar housing is provided with an external thread, and a rotary cover 7 is threadedly connected thereto. The center of the upper surface of the rotary cover 7 is provided with an opening 5 for the connecting rod 4 to pass through. The side surface of the columnar housing is provided with a transparent part, through which the height of the liquid level in the floating bucket 10 can be observed. A height scale is provided on the side wall of the floating bucket 10 facing the transparent part of the columnar housing ( Figure 1 not shown in the figure). The setting of the height scale is convenient for observing the specific height of the liquid level in the floating bucket 10, so as to facilitate the subsequent adjustment operation.

[0051] An exhaust hole 9 is opened on the upper surface of the upper part of the columnar housing, and a sealing component for blocking the exhaust hole 9 after the rotary cover 7 is tightened is provided on the inner wall of the rotary cover 7. The sealing component includes an elastic washer 6 and an elastic sealing block. In this embodiment, an elastic washer 6 is adopted, which is circular in shape and made of silica gel, so as to cover the exhaust hole 9 by rotating the rotary cover 7, thereby achieving a good sealing effect.

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, a conical elastic stopper 8 is sleeved at the connection part of the connecting rod 4 on the upper surface of the rotary cover 7, and the area of the opening 5 on the rotary cover 7 is smaller than the area of the bottom circle of the elastic stopper 8. In this embodiment, the elastic stopper 8 is made of silica gel and is adhered to the upper surface of the rotary cover 7 at the bottom.

[0053] This solution adopts a fully mechanical structure design to avoid the generation of an electromagnetic induction field. Therefore, there will be no interference with the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil. And it will not affect the receiving coil either, avoiding the problem of inaccurate data detection, which greatly affects the working efficiency and measurement accuracy. When in use, the transmitting coil 16 and the receiving coil 17 are respectively provided with four fixed piles. The structural designs of the four fixed piles are the same, and the insertion depths are unified. Therefore, when the water outlets of adjacent fixed piles are connected by a water pipe and the valve 11 is opened, a communicating vessel will be formed. Based on the principle of the communicating vessel, it can be known that the liquid levels inside two adjacent fixed piles will be at the same height. And because the floating bucket 10 provides buoyancy and the lengths of the connecting rods 4 are the same, the upper surfaces of the supporting blocks 2 of the two fixed piles are at the same height. It can be seen from this that no matter how steep the ground slope is, it can be ensured that one side of the receiving coil 17 or the transmitting coil on the supporting blocks 2 of two adjacent fixed piles is parallel to the horizontal plane. Similarly, make one side of the receiving coil 17 or the transmitting wire frame on the other two adjacent fixed piles also parallel to the horizontal plane and of the same length. Therefore, based on the judgment characteristic of whether the sides of a quadrilateral belong to the same plane, when a pair of sides of a quadrilateral are parallel and of the same length, the other pair of sides are also parallel, and the four sides are in the same plane. Therefore, each side of the receiving coil 17 or the transmitting wire frame is in a plane. However, this is only the rough adjustment stage, and fine adjustment is still required.

[0054] Then, by fixing the transparent part of the fixed pile and the height scale of the floating bucket 10, it is convenient to observe the height of the liquid level in the floating bucket 10. Subsequently, rotate the rotary cover 7 so that the upper end of the rotary cover 7 abuts against the lower surface of the support block 2, thereby raising the overall height of the support block 2, the connecting rod 4, and the floating bucket 10, so as to adjust the height of the liquid level in the floating bucket 10. Just make the height between the floating bucket 10 and the liquid level in each fixed pile consistent, and the influence caused by the irregular center of gravity can be eliminated, realizing fine adjustment, so as to ensure that each side of the receiving coil 17 or the transmitting wire frame is in a plane, and at the same time, the stable operation of the communicating vessel can be ensured.

[0055] While the rotary cover 7 is loosened, the exhaust hole 9 is opened, and the internal cavity of the fixed pile is communicated with the atmosphere, so that a better communicating vessel is formed between the two fixed piles, thereby ensuring that both the receiving coil 17 and the transmitting coil 16 are in a plane. After the measurement is completed, when packing up the equipment device, tighten the rotary cover 7 and the valve 11, so that the elastic washer 6 blocks the exhaust hole 9, and let the rotary cover 7 squeeze the elastic sealing block to seal the gap between the connecting rod 4 and the elastic sealing block, so as to achieve sealing, thereby achieving the effect of preventing leakage. It can make it very convenient to carry and use outdoors.

[0056] A transient electromagnetic measurement method, characterized in that: the transient electromagnetic measurement device described in any one of claims 1-8 is applied, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] S1. Determine the number of turns of the transmitting coil 16, and bend it at right angles (actually still a right angle with chamfers) at four scales on the transmitting coil 16;

[0058] S2. At the measurement point, fix the four corners of the transmitting coil 16 through the L-shaped card slots 3 of the support blocks 2 on the four fixed piles. When inserting the fixed piles, the depths are unified and each side of the transmitting coil 16 is tightened;

[0059] S3. Number the fixed piles, which are respectively the No. 1 fixed pile, the No. 2 fixed pile, the No. 3 fixed pile, and the No. 4 fixed pile. Among them, the No. 1 fixed pile and the No. 2 fixed pile are in a group, and the No. 3 fixed pile and the No. 4 fixed pile are in a group; connect the water outlets of the two fixed piles in the same group through a water pipe, and open the valve 11; at the same time, unscrew the rotary cover 7 to open the exhaust port to form a communicating vessel;

[0060] S4. Observe and record the relative position of the liquid level and the floating bucket 10 through the transparent part of the columnar shell in the fixed pile; then rotate the rotary cover 7 to make the relative position of the liquid level in each fixed pile and the floating bucket 10 at the same height;

[0061] S5. Pass the wire end on the bobbin 1 of the fixing pile No. 1 through the wire passing post 15, pull it through and fix it on the wire passing post 15 of the fixing pile No. 3 on the diagonal line. Pass the wire end on the bobbin 1 of the fixing pile No. 2 through the wire passing post 15, pull it through and fix it on the wire passing post 15 of the fixing pile No. 4 on the diagonal line to obtain the two diagonal lines and the central position of the transmitting coil 16.

[0062] S6. Install the receiving coil 17 and set the corresponding fixing piles according to the central position and the diagonal lines, and according to steps S1 - S4.

[0063] S7. After arranging the measurement site, connect the receiving coil 17 and the transmitting coil 16 to a transient electromagnetic measuring instrument to collect data.

[0064] S8. After the measurement, close the valve 11, tighten the rotary cover 7, and remove the water pipe.

[0065] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention. Specific structures and common knowledge such as characteristics that are well-known in the solution are described in too much detail here. Those of ordinary skill in the art know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field to which the invention belongs before the application date or the priority date, can know all the existing technologies in this field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before this date. Those of ordinary skill in the art can, under the inspiration given in this application, combine their own abilities to improve and implement this solution. Some typical well-known structures or well-known methods should not become obstacles for those of ordinary skill in the art to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like recorded in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A transient electromagnetic measurement device, comprising a transient electromagnetic measuring instrument, a transmitting coil and a receiving coil, characterized in that: The transmitting coil and the receiving coil are respectively provided with four fixing piles, and the fixing pile includes a buoyancy support component, a columnar shell and a needle component which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The buoyancy support component includes a support block, a connecting rod and a floating barrel which are vertically connected in sequence from top to bottom. An L-shaped card slot is formed on the upper surface of the support block; A cavity is arranged inside the columnar shell and filled with liquid; the floating barrel is arranged in the cavity and floats on the liquid. The connecting rod penetrates through the upper surface of the columnar shell and is connected with the columnar shell in a vertical sliding manner; a water outlet communicating with the cavity is arranged on the outer side surface of the columnar shell, a valve is arranged at the water outlet, and the water outlet is communicated with the water outlet of an adjacent fixing pile through a water pipe; A wire cylinder and a coil spring for resetting the wire cylinder are arranged on the support block. The wire end on the wire cylinder is pulled through and fixed on the support block of the fixing pile on the diagonal line; a rotary cover is threadedly connected to the upper part of the columnar shell. An opening for the connecting rod to pass through is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the rotary cover. A transparent part is arranged on the side surface of the columnar shell, and a height scale is arranged on the side wall of the floating barrel facing the transparent part of the columnar shell.

2. The transient electromagnetic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust hole is arranged on the upper surface of the upper part of the columnar shell, and a sealing component for blocking the exhaust hole after the rotary cover is tightened is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary cover.

3. The transient electromagnetic measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing component includes an elastic gasket and an elastic sealing block.

4. The transient electromagnetic measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A conical elastic blocking block is sleeved at the joint of the connecting rod and the upper surface of the rotary cover. The area of the opening on the rotary cover is smaller than the size of the bottom circle of the elastic blocking block.

5. The transient electromagnetic measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A chamfer is arranged at the corner part of the L-shaped card slot.

6. The transient electromagnetic measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Four scales are uniformly arranged on the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. The transmitting coil and the receiving coil are bent at right angles at the four scales.

7. The transient electromagnetic measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An insertion depth scale is arranged on the needle component.

8. A transient electromagnetic measurement method, characterized in that: The transient electromagnetic measuring device according to claim 7 is applied, and specifically includes the following steps: S1. Determine the number of turns of the transmitting coil, and bend it at right angles at the four scales on the transmitting coil; S2. At the measuring point, fix the four corners of the transmitting coil through the L-shaped card slots of the support blocks on the four fixing piles. When the fixing piles are inserted, the depths are unified and the sides of the transmitting coil are tightened; S3. Connect the water outlets of two adjacent fixing piles through a water pipe and open the valve; at the same time, unscrew the rotary cover and open the exhaust port to form a communicating vessel; S4. Observe and record the relative position of the liquid level and the floating barrel through the transparent part of the columnar shell in the fixing pile; then rotate the rotary cover to make the relative positions of the liquid levels and the floating barrels inside each fixing pile equal; S5. Pull through the wire end on the wire cylinder and fix it on the fixing pile on the diagonal line to obtain the two diagonals and the central position of the transmitting coil; S6. Install the receiving coil and set the corresponding fixing piles according to the central position and the diagonal line, and according to steps S1-S4; S7. After arranging the measuring site, connect the receiving coil and the transmitting coil to the transient electromagnetic measuring instrument to collect data; S8. After the measurement is completed, close the valve and tighten the rotary cover.

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