Diaphragm, cylinder head assembly, brake cylinder, brake caliper unit and rail vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a diaphragm, a cylinder cover assembly, a brake cylinder, a brake caliper unit comprising the brake cylinder, and a railway vehicle comprising the brake caliper unit. The diaphragm comprises a diaphragm body, a peripheral portion arranged around the periphery of the diaphragm body, and a skeleton, the skeleton being at least partially arranged in the peripheral portion and extending along the entire periphery of the peripheral portion, the diaphragm being sleeved onto the end portion of the at least partially axially extending cylinder cover side wall of the cylinder cover through the skeleton, and being fixedly sleeved with the inner side or the outer side of the end portion of the cylinder cover side wall to form a seal. According to the technical scheme of the application, the sealing structure of the sealing cavity of the brake cylinder is simplified, the installation space is reduced, the sealing performance and the fatigue durability of the diaphragm sealing structure are improved, and thus the braking effectiveness and reliability of the brake caliper unit are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail vehicle braking technology, specifically to a diaphragm for sealing a brake cylinder head, and further to a cylinder head assembly, a brake cylinder including the cylinder head assembly, a brake caliper unit including the brake cylinder, and a rail vehicle including the brake caliper unit. Background Technology

[0002] In rail vehicles, brake caliper units typically operate under air pressure within the brake cylinder's inflation chamber, making the chamber's sealing crucial for braking performance. Brake cylinders generally employ a diaphragm-sealed structure. This typically uses screws or clamps to secure the diaphragm rubber component between the cylinder head and cylinder body, forming a sealed inflation chamber. For example, in the brake cylinder structure described in Chinese utility model patent CN 202082317 U, the diaphragm is clamped between the cylinder head and a retaining ring, with the retaining ring secured from bottom to top by screws penetrating the cylinder body. This connection method is structurally complex, occupies a large space, and the diaphragm rubber component at the connection point is prone to cracking and failure under load, resulting in a short diaphragm lifespan. Furthermore, with increased application time, the rubber component ages and loses elasticity, gradually loosening the initial clamping and reducing the sealing effect. The existing diaphragm-cylinder head connection structure exhibits low fatigue resistance and sealing reliability.

[0003] Therefore, researching and developing a diaphragm with a simple structure, improved sealing and fatigue resistance is crucial for improving the reliability of brake cylinders and brake caliper units, and thus improving the braking performance of rail vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to provide a diaphragm, a cylinder head assembly, a brake cylinder including the cylinder head assembly, a brake caliper unit including the brake cylinder, and a rail vehicle including the brake caliper unit, to solve or alleviate at least some of the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve one of the aforementioned objectives, according to one aspect of this application, a diaphragm is provided for sealing a cylinder head of a brake cylinder. The diaphragm includes: a diaphragm body; a peripheral portion disposed around the periphery of the diaphragm body; and a skeleton disposed at least partially within the peripheral portion and extending circumferentially along the entire peripheral portion. The diaphragm is fitted onto an end of a cylinder head sidewall that extends at least partially axially through the skeleton, and is fitted and fixed to the inner or outer side of the end of the cylinder head to form a seal.

[0006] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the surface of the skeleton facing the end of the cylinder head sidewall is wrapped within the peripheral portion, the peripheral portion being shaped via the skeleton to mate with the end of the cylinder head sidewall that extends at least partially axially, the peripheral portion being fitted onto the end of the cylinder head sidewall via the skeleton and having an interference fit with the inner or outer surface of the end of the cylinder head sidewall.

[0007] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the skeleton includes a first limiting portion extending axially, the peripheral portion being fitted onto the end of the cylinder head sidewall via the first limiting portion and having an interference fit with the inner or outer surface of the end of the cylinder head sidewall.

[0008] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the frame further includes a second limiting portion connected to the first limiting portion and configured to include a bent structure, wherein the peripheral portion is sleeved and engaged with the end of the cylinder head sidewall via the first and second limiting portions.

[0009] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the second limiting portion extends radially and is connected to the first limiting portion to form a structure including a 90-degree bend.

[0010] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the second limiting portion extends away from one end of the first limiting portion away from the diaphragm body, and the second limiting portion and the first limiting portion form an "L"-shaped cross-section.

[0011] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the second limiting portion extends from one end of the first limiting portion toward the diaphragm body, and the second limiting portion and the first limiting portion form an inverted "L" shaped cross-section.

[0012] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the skeleton includes two second limiting portions that extend from one end of the first limiting portion away from the diaphragm body and toward the diaphragm body, respectively, and the two second limiting portions and the first limiting portion form a "├" shaped cross-section.

[0013] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the skeleton includes two second limiting portions that extend from both ends of the first limiting portion toward the diaphragm body.

[0014] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the skeleton includes two second limiting portions, one of which extends away from the membrane body from one end of the first limiting portion; the other of the two second limiting portions extends towards the membrane body from one end of the first limiting portion.

[0015] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the skeleton is completely enclosed within the periphery.

[0016] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the skeleton is partially exposed from the periphery, and matching threads are provided on the exposed portion of the skeleton and on the ends of the cylinder head sidewalls.

[0017] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the skeleton is partially exposed from the radial side of the peripheral portion away from the diaphragm body, and matching threads are provided on the exposed portion of the skeleton and on the inner surface of the end of the cylinder head sidewall.

[0018] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the skeleton is partially exposed from the radial side of the peripheral portion toward the diaphragm body, and matching threads are provided on the exposed portion of the skeleton and on the outer surface of the end of the cylinder head sidewall.

[0019] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the diaphragm body includes a diaphragm center portion and a diaphragm sidewall extending from the diaphragm center portion toward the same side of the diaphragm body, the end of the diaphragm sidewall opposite to the diaphragm center portion being connected to the peripheral portion.

[0020] To achieve one of the aforementioned objectives, this application also provides a cylinder head assembly, the cylinder head assembly including a cylinder head and a diaphragm as described in the foregoing aspects, the cylinder head including a cylinder head body and a cylinder head sidewall extending at least partially axially from the edge of the cylinder head body, the end of the cylinder head sidewall opposite to the cylinder head body forming an open end, wherein the diaphragm is fitted onto the end of the cylinder head sidewall by the skeleton and is fitted and fixed with the inner or outer side of the cylinder head sidewall to form a sealed inflation cavity.

[0021] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the end of the cylinder head sidewall is configured to have a rectangular cross-section.

[0022] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the end of the cylinder head sidewall includes a protrusion that projects axially from its outer periphery, and the diaphragm is fitted with the inner surface of the protrusion through the skeleton to form a seal.

[0023] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the end of the cylinder head sidewall includes a protrusion that axially protrudes from its inner periphery, and the diaphragm is fitted with the outer surface of the protrusion through the skeleton to form a seal.

[0024] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the end of the cylinder head sidewall includes a protrusion that axially protrudes between its outer and inner peripheries, and the diaphragm is fitted with the inner and / or outer sides of the protrusion through the skeleton to form a seal.

[0025] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the cylinder head has a cylinder head air inlet and a groove on its side wall, the groove communicating with the inflation chamber through the cylinder head air inlet.

[0026] To achieve one of the aforementioned objectives, this application also provides a brake cylinder comprising: a cylinder body and a cylinder head assembly as described in the foregoing aspects; wherein the cylinder head assembly is mounted in the cylinder body.

[0027] In addition to one or more of the features mentioned above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, a cylinder air inlet is provided on the cylinder sidewall of the cylinder block, and the groove and the cylinder sidewall form an air intake channel; wherein the cylinder air inlet is connected to the air intake channel, and the air intake channel is connected to the inflation chamber through the cylinder head air inlet.

[0028] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the cylinder block air intake is circumferentially offset from the cylinder head air intake.

[0029] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, a filter element is provided within the air intake passage.

[0030] In addition to one or more of the features described above, or as an alternative, in another embodiment, the brake cylinder includes a brake cylinder step, one end of the cylinder head assembly abuts against the brake cylinder step for axial limitation, and the other end of the cylinder head assembly is axially limited by a limiting member.

[0031] To achieve one of the aforementioned objectives, this application also provides a brake caliper unit comprising a brake cylinder as described in the foregoing aspects, the brake cylinder driving the brake pad support of the brake caliper unit to move in opposite directions.

[0032] To achieve one of the aforementioned objectives, this application also provides a rail vehicle comprising a brake caliper unit as described in the foregoing aspects.

[0033] According to the diaphragm, cylinder head assembly, brake cylinder including the cylinder head assembly, brake caliper unit including the brake cylinder, and rail vehicle including the brake caliper unit of this application, by providing a skeleton within the periphery of the diaphragm for radially engaging the diaphragm with the end of the cylinder head sidewall of the brake cylinder and forming a radial seal, the skeleton is entirely pre-fixed within the periphery of the diaphragm or at least partially pre-fixed within the periphery of the diaphragm, thereby achieving the limiting and sealing functions of the diaphragm itself, while increasing the overall strength of the periphery of the diaphragm, making the joint between the diaphragm and the cylinder head more stable, less affected by elastic deformation, improving the fatigue resistance of the sealing structure, and extending its service life.

[0034] The cylinder head assembly of this application employs a diaphragm with a skeleton at least fitted and connected to the side wall surface of the cylinder head sidewall at its periphery. A sealed inflation chamber is formed through interference fit or threaded fit with the cylinder head. Sealing and fixation are achieved by radial engagement and compression between the skeleton and the inner or outer surface of the cylinder head sidewall extending axially. This effectively enhances the clamping stability and sealing performance at the connection between the diaphragm and the cylinder head; simplifies the installation structure at the connection between the diaphragm and the brake cylinder head, reducing installation space; simultaneously, the diaphragm with the skeleton utilizes the limiting function formed by the skeleton itself and the engagement with the protrusion at the cylinder head end to avoid misalignment between the diaphragm and the cylinder head during assembly, and effectively improves the stress condition of the diaphragm at the connection. The peripheral portion of the diaphragm experiences less elastic deformation during use, reducing the possibility of fatigue cracks or loosening failure, improving the diaphragm's fatigue resistance, greatly enhancing the sealing performance and braking reliability of the brake cylinder inflation chamber, and ensuring the sensitivity and reliability of the brake caliper unit in applying the brakes. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The disclosure of this application will become more apparent with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a diaphragm according to one embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a diaphragm according to another embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a diaphragm according to another embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a diaphragm according to another embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a diaphragm according to another embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 6 It shows Figure 1 A magnified view of another arrangement of the diaphragm skeleton in the image;

[0042] Figure 7 An axial cross-sectional view of a cylinder head assembly according to one embodiment of this application includes... Figure 1 The membrane in the middle;

[0043] Figure 8 An axial cross-sectional view of a cylinder head assembly according to another embodiment of this application, comprising: Figure 2 The membrane in the middle;

[0044] Figure 9 An axial cross-sectional view of a cylinder head assembly according to another embodiment of this application, comprising: Figure 3 The membrane in the middle;

[0045] Figure 10 An axial cross-sectional view of a cylinder head assembly according to another embodiment of this application, comprising: Figure 4 The membrane in the middle;

[0046] Figure 11 An axial cross-sectional view of a cylinder head assembly according to another embodiment of this application, comprising: Figure 5 The membrane in the middle;

[0047] Figure 12 It shows Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of the cylinder head;

[0048] Figure 13 A partially enlarged view of a cylinder head assembly according to another embodiment of this application is shown;

[0049] Figure 14 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a portion of a brake cylinder according to one embodiment of this application, which includes... Figure 7Cylinder head assembly in the middle;

[0050] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 An axial cross-sectional view of the brake cylinder rotated at a certain angle along the axis;

[0051] Figure 16 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a portion of a brake cylinder according to another embodiment of this application, which includes... Figure 8 Cylinder head assembly in the middle;

[0052] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 An axial cross-sectional view of the brake cylinder rotated at a certain angle along the axis;

[0053] Figure 18 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a portion of a brake cylinder according to another embodiment of this application, which includes... Figure 9 Cylinder head assembly in the middle;

[0054] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 An axial cross-sectional view of the brake cylinder rotated at a certain angle along the axis;

[0055] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a brake caliper unit in a non-braking state according to one embodiment of this application, which includes... Figure 14 The brake cylinder in the middle;

[0056] Figure 21 yes Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the braking state of the brake caliper unit in the circuit;

[0057] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a brake caliper unit in a non-braking state according to one embodiment of this application, which includes... Figure 16 The brake cylinder in the middle;

[0058] Figure 23 yes Figure 22 A schematic diagram of the braking state of the brake caliper unit in the circuit;

[0059] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of a brake caliper unit in a non-braking state according to one embodiment of this application, which includes... Figure 18 The brake cylinder in the middle; and

[0060] Figure 25 yes Figure 24 A schematic diagram of the braking state of the brake caliper unit in the circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided herein to make the disclosure of the present application more complete and exhaustive, and to fully convey the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0062] Furthermore, for any single technical feature described or implied in the embodiments mentioned herein, or any single technical feature shown or implied in the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will readily conceive of appropriate combinations or deletions among these technical features (or their equivalents), thereby obtaining more other embodiments of this application that may not be directly mentioned herein, which do not depart from the scope of this application.

[0063] For ease of description of the embodiments mentioned herein, axial and radial directions are introduced as their reference coordinate system. These directions are used to express the relative positional relationships between the parts, rather than restrictively constraining their absolute positional relationships. The following text... Figure 7 The cylinder head assembly in the diagram is used as an example. The axial direction refers to the left-right direction in the diagram, and the radial direction refers to the up-down direction in the diagram.

[0064] Figures 1-5 These are axial cross-sectional views of diaphragms according to five embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the diaphragm 100 includes a diaphragm body 110 and a peripheral portion 120 surrounding the periphery of the diaphragm body 110. The diaphragm body 110 includes a diaphragm center portion 111 and a diaphragm sidewall 112 extending from the diaphragm center portion 111. The end of the diaphragm sidewall 112 connects to the peripheral portion 120. A skeleton 130 is provided at the peripheral portion 120, disposed within the peripheral portion 120 and extending along the entire circumference of the peripheral portion 120, to fit the diaphragm 100 onto the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 via an interference fit, forming a seal (see [reference]). Figure 7 "Extending along the entire circumferential direction of the peripheral portion 120" refers to extending along the circumferential direction of the peripheral portion 120 and forming a complete closed shape throughout the circumferential direction. For example, it can be an overall annular skeleton. In addition, it also includes similar deformations such as holes on the sidewalls of the annular skeleton. Figures 1-5In the case of a frame 130, the frame 130 is completely enclosed within the peripheral portion 120. However, in other interference fit embodiments, only the surface of the end of the frame 130 facing the cylinder head sidewall 320 may be enclosed within the peripheral portion 120. Thus, the frame 130 presses the peripheral portion 120 and the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 together in an interference fit. The portion of the frame 130 that does not mate with the inner side surface 322 or outer side surface 321 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 (i.e., the portion not used to interference fit the peripheral portion 120 and the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320) may be exposed from the peripheral portion 120.

[0065] Furthermore, the skeleton 130 may be partially exposed from the peripheral portion 120, and the exposed portion (e.g., the inner or outer side of the first limiting portion 131) may be provided with threads to form a threaded connection with the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 to form a fitting fit and seal (see...). Figure 13 ).like Figure 6 A partially enlarged view of the diaphragm 100 is shown. Figure 6 The skeleton 130 shown is partially exposed from the radial side of the peripheral portion 120 away from the diaphragm body 110, and external threads are provided on the exposed portion to engage with the inner surface 322 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 (see [link]). Figure 12 The internal threads on the diaphragm body 110 are matched to achieve a threaded fit and seal. However, in other embodiments, the skeleton 130 may also be partially exposed from the radial side of the peripheral portion 120 toward the diaphragm body 110, and the exposed portion is provided with internal threads to match the outer surface 321 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 (see...). Figure 12 The external threads on the ) match, thereby achieving thread engagement and sealing.

[0066] The skeleton 130 provides support and fit for the peripheral portion 120 of the diaphragm 100 to the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320, and can be made of materials such as metal, ceramic, or carbon-ceramic composites. The diaphragm 100 can be made of elastic materials such as rubber (which may also contain fabric). The skeleton 130 and the peripheral portion 120 of the diaphragm 100 are connected together by vulcanization or other suitable manufacturing processes. Furthermore, the cross-section of the diaphragm body 110 can differ from that of other materials. Figure 1 The inverted trapezoid shown can also be other shapes.

[0067] The skeleton in this application not only provides rigidity to the periphery of the diaphragm but also supports the fitting between the diaphragm and the inner or outer surface of the cylinder head sidewall. This achieves a tight seal and fixed connection between the diaphragm and the inner or outer surface of the cylinder head sidewall, reducing the use of additional connecting parts, simplifying the sealing structure, reducing installation space, and enhancing the sealing effect. Simultaneously, the skeleton design reduces elastic deformation at the periphery of the diaphragm under load, thereby reducing the possibility of fatigue cracks or relaxation failure, improving the fatigue resistance and reliability of the diaphragm, and extending its service life.

[0068] The following will illustrate further modifications to the diaphragm by way of example, in order to further improve its sealing performance, fatigue resistance, reliability, or for other improvements.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the skeleton 130 of the diaphragm 100 may include a first limiting portion 131 extending axially, which is used to fit the diaphragm 100 onto the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 of the cylinder head 300, and to press-fit with the inner surface 322 or outer surface 321 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320, thereby forming a limiting and sealing. Furthermore, the diaphragm 100 also includes a second limiting portion 132 extending radially, which extends from one end of the first limiting portion 131 away from the diaphragm body 110, so that the cross-section formed by the first limiting portion 131 and the second limiting portion 132 is similar to an "L" shape, and the skeleton 130 as a whole is in the shape of an outwardly flared flange. The second limiting portion 132 can axially abut the peripheral portion 120 of the diaphragm 100 against the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320, thereby forming axial limiting and sealing. In addition, the second limiting part 132 can further improve the rigidity of the skeleton 130 and reduce the elastic deformation at the periphery, thereby reducing the possibility of fatigue cracks or relaxation failure and further improving the fatigue resistance and reliability of the diaphragm.

[0070] It should be understood that the term "extending axially" as used in this application means that the component functions at least in the axial direction, and "extending radially" means that the component functions at least in the radial direction, without limiting the length of the component's extension in that direction.

[0071] The first limiting part 131 and the second limiting part 132 may also have other positional arrangements, such as Figure 2 As shown, in another embodiment of the diaphragm 100, the second limiting portion 132 can extend from one end of the first limiting portion 131 toward the diaphragm body 110, so that the cross-section formed by the first limiting portion 131 and the second limiting portion 132 is similar to an inverted "L" shape, and the skeleton 130 as a whole has a shape with one end bent inward.

[0072] Furthermore, the skeleton 130 may also include multiple second limiting portions 132, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the skeleton 130 includes two second limiting portions 132. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the skeleton 130 includes two second limiting portions 132, which extend from one end of the first limiting portion 131 away from the diaphragm body 110 and towards the diaphragm body 110, respectively. The second limiting portions 132 and the first limiting portion 131 form a "├" shaped cross-section. Figure 4 In the middle, two second limiting portions 132 extend from both ends of the first limiting portion 131 toward the diaphragm body 110. Figure 5 In this design, one of the two second limiting portions 132 extends away from one end of the first limiting portion 131 away from the diaphragm body 110, while the other extends towards the diaphragm body 110 from one end of the first limiting portion 131. Therefore, the frame 130 including the two second limiting portions 132 can have greater rigidity, making the fit between the diaphragm 100 and the cylinder head 300 more secure and reliable, further improving the diaphragm's sealing performance, fatigue resistance, and reliability.

[0073] exist Figures 1-5 In the skeleton shown, the inner and / or outer bending structure formed by connecting the first limiting part 131 and the second limiting part 132 into one piece is particularly beneficial for forming a more stable connection between the peripheral part 120 of the diaphragm 100 and the end of the cylinder head side wall 320 and obtaining better sealing performance, while also improving the fatigue resistance of the diaphragm.

[0074] The outer or inner side of the first limiting part 131 matches the side of the cylinder head corresponding to the side wall. Preferably, both the inner and outer sides of the first limiting part 131 are cylindrical surfaces extending axially.

[0075] However, the shape of the diaphragm skeleton of this application is not limited to the five embodiments shown above, but can have other variations. For example, the first limiting portion 131 can extend along a portion of the end profile of the cylinder head sidewall 320 to match a portion of the end profile of the cylinder head sidewall 320. When the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 has a certain inclination angle or other bending changes, the first limiting portion 131 can have a corresponding shape, and is not limited to extending axially as shown in the figures. As another example, the second limiting portion 132 and the first limiting portion 131 can be connected at any position to form an integral shape. For example, the second limiting portion 132 can extend from any position on the first limiting portion 131, and is not limited to being disposed at one or both ends of the first limiting portion 131. Furthermore, the extension direction of the second limiting portion 132 is not limited to the radial direction. In other embodiments, the skeleton 130 may only have the first limiting portion 131 without the second limiting portion 132. For example, the skeleton 130 may have a rectangular cross-section, thereby further simplifying the structure and reducing the difficulty of processing and manufacturing. It is easy to understand that the first limiting part and the second limiting part 132 can also be separate.

[0076] Figures 7-11 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a cylinder head assembly 10 according to five embodiments of this application, each including... Figures 1-5 The diaphragm 100 and cylinder head 300 are included, wherein the cylinder head 300 includes a cylinder head body 310 and a cylinder head sidewall 320 extending axially from the edge of the cylinder head body 310. In other embodiments, the cylinder head sidewall 320 may also extend at least partially axially, i.e., it may also include portions extending in other directions. Figure 12 An enlarged view of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 with protrusion 330 is shown. Figures 7-11 and Figure 12 As can be seen, the diaphragm 100 with skeleton 130 can be fixedly connected to the cylinder head 300 by interference fit and press-fit, forming a sealing cavity 400; wherein the diaphragm body 110 is recessed towards the inside of the cylinder head 300 with the middle part 111 of the diaphragm 110 facing the inside of the cylinder head 300. The end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 includes a protrusion 330 that protrudes axially from its outer periphery (i.e., the periphery away from the central axis of the cylinder head 300). The peripheral portion 120 of the diaphragm 100 and the inner side surface 322 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 (it is easy to understand that the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 includes the protrusion 330, therefore the inner sidewall 322 mentioned includes) Figure 12 The raised inner surface 332) is fitted together by an interference fit. For example... Figure 12 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320, which includes an inner side surface 322, an outer side surface 321, and a cylinder head sidewall end face 311. The end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 also has the aforementioned protrusion 330, which has a protruding inner side surface 332, a protruding outer side surface, and a protruding end face 331.

[0077] It should be understood that, as described herein, the inner surface 322 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 refers to the side surface of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 facing the cylinder head body 310, and the outer surface 321 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 refers to the side surface of the end of the cylinder head sidewall facing away from the cylinder head body 310. Furthermore, when the cylinder head sidewall 320 includes a protrusion 330, the inner surface 322 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 includes the protruding inner surface 332 of the protrusion 330, and the outer surface 321 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 includes the protruding outer surface of the protrusion 330.

[0078] Specific cooperation methods are as follows Figure 7 As shown, Figure 1 The first limiting portion 131 of the "L"-shaped cross-section skeleton 130 shown in the diagram presses against at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 (i.e., the radial side facing away from the diaphragm body 110) with the raised inner side 332 of the protrusion 330, thereby fixing and sealing it radially. The second limiting portion 132 of the skeleton 130 abuts at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 (i.e., the axial side facing the cylinder head 300) against the raised end face 331 of the protrusion 330 to further limit and seal it axially.

[0079] exist Figure 8 middle, Figure 2 The first limiting portion 131 of the inverted "L"-shaped cross-section skeleton 130 shown in the figure has an interference fit between at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 and the inner protruding surface 332 of the protrusion 330. In addition, the first limiting portion 131 also abuts against the cylinder head side wall end face 311 in the axial direction, so that the first limiting portion 131 plays a limiting and sealing role in both the radial and axial directions. The second limiting portion 132 plays a role in enhancing the rigidity of the skeleton 130. Its size can be increased or decreased as needed, or the second limiting portion 132 can be omitted to simplify the structural complexity. The diaphragm with this skeleton arrangement is easy to process and has a simple assembly structure.

[0080] exist Figure 9 In, it is shown Figure 3The cylinder head assembly 10, with its frame 130 having a "├"-shaped cross-section, is fitted to the cylinder head 300 in the following manner: the first limiting portion 131 also has at least a portion of its peripheral portion 120 press-fitted with the inner surface 332 of the protrusion 330 for radial fixation and sealing. The second limiting portion 132, extending away from the diaphragm body 110, abuts at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 against the protrusion end face 331 for further axial limiting and sealing. The second limiting portion 132, extending towards the diaphragm body 110, continues radially towards the diaphragm body 110 to further enhance the rigidity of the frame 130. Therefore, the cylinder head assembly 10 obtained by the press-fit of the diaphragm 100 and the cylinder head 300 has higher rigidity, better fatigue resistance of the diaphragm, is less prone to deformation or loosening, provides better sealing performance, facilitates stable braking force, and improves braking reliability.

[0081] exist Figure 10 In, it is shown Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cylinder head assembly in which the diaphragm engages with the cylinder head 300. The first limiting portion 131 of the frame 130 presses against at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 with the inner protruding surface 332 of the protrusion 330 for radial fixation and sealing. The second limiting portion 132, closer to the cylinder head body 310, abuts at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 against the cylinder head sidewall end face 311 for axial limiting and sealing. The second limiting portion 132, further away from the cylinder head body 310, further enhances the rigidity of the frame 130.

[0082] exist Figure 11 In, it is shown Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cylinder head assembly in which the diaphragm engages with the cylinder head 300. A first limiting portion 131 of the frame 130 presses against at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 with the inner raised surface 332 of the protrusion 330 for radial fixation and sealing. A second limiting portion 132, connected to the first limiting portion 131 at the end near the cylinder head body 310, abuts at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 against the cylinder head sidewall end face 311. A second limiting portion 132, connected to the first limiting portion 131 at the end away from the cylinder head body 310, abuts at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 against the raised end face 331 for further axial limiting and sealing.

[0083] The cylinder head assembly structure according to this application is simple. It can be fixed and sealed by only using the interference fit between the diaphragm and the cylinder head. Due to the presence of a skeleton that is sleeved and fixedly connected to the cylinder head sidewall that extends at least partially along the axial direction, the diaphragm structure at the connection between the diaphragm and the cylinder head is very stable and is not easy to deform or loosen, thus preventing sealing failure.

[0084] Furthermore, the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 can also have different configurations. For example, the protrusion 330 may not be located at the outer periphery of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320, but rather at its inner periphery (i.e., the periphery near the axis of the cylinder head 300). In this case, the first limiting portion 131 can press-fit the peripheral portion 120 of the diaphragm 100 with the protruding outer surface of the protrusion 330, so that the peripheral portion 120 is fitted onto the outer surface 321 of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 and exposed, thereby facilitating installation and disassembly. Alternatively, in another embodiment, the protrusion 330 may also be located between the outer and inner peripheries of the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320. In this case, the first limiting portion 131 can correspondingly press-fit at least a portion of the peripheral portion 120 with the protruding inner or outer surface of the protrusion 330. Alternatively, the protrusion 330 may not be provided, and the end of the cylinder head sidewall 320 may be constructed with a rectangular cross-section, thereby further simplifying the structure of the mating area.

[0085] The diaphragm described in this application has a dual function of rigid limiting and fixing and interference sealing by setting a skeleton that can be used to fit the peripheral part of the cylinder head with the inner or outer side of the cylinder head sidewall that extends at least part of the cylinder head axially. This reduces the dependence on connecting parts during use, has a simple structure, occupies little space, and reduces the difficulty of manufacturing. At the same time, its connection and installation structure is very stable, with high clamping force and good sealing performance. The diaphragm is not easy to deform, age or loosen, which optimizes its fatigue resistance characteristics, which is conducive to improving the service life of the diaphragm and also conducive to the stable output of braking force of the brake cylinder, thereby ensuring braking reliability.

[0086] In addition to interference fit, the diaphragm and cylinder head can also be joined in other ways, such as... Figure 13 As shown, part of the first limiting part 131 of the "L"-shaped cross-section skeleton 130 protrudes from the peripheral part 120 and is provided with external threads, and the protrusion 330 of the cylinder head 300 is provided with internal threads, so that radial fitting, fixing and sealing can be achieved through threaded connection.

[0087] Figure 14 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a portion of a brake cylinder 20 according to one embodiment of this application, which includes... Figure 7 The cylinder head assembly 10 is shown in the figure. The brake cylinder 20 includes a cylinder body 200 and a cylinder head assembly 10, which includes a cylinder head 300 and a diaphragm 100. The cylinder head 300 is fitted inside the cylinder body 200. The brake cylinder 20 includes a brake cylinder step 201. The peripheral portion 120 of the diaphragm 100, facing away from the cylinder head 300, abuts against the brake cylinder step 201, thereby axially limiting one end of the cylinder head assembly 10. Simultaneously, the other end of the cylinder head assembly 10 is axially limited by a snap ring or other limiting components. A sealed inflation chamber 400 is formed between the diaphragm 100 and the cylinder head 300 to provide power.

[0088] like Figure 14 As shown, the cylinder block 200 has a cylinder block air inlet 210 on its side wall, and the cylinder head side wall 320 has a cylinder head air inlet 340 and a groove 350. The groove 350 and the inner wall of the cylinder block 200 form an air intake channel 351, in which the cylinder block air inlet 210 communicates with the air intake channel 351. The air intake channel 351 communicates with the inflation chamber 400 through the cylinder head air inlet 340. After passing through the cylinder block air inlet 210, air enters the cylinder head air inlet 340 through the air intake channel 351 between the cylinder block 200 and the cylinder head 300, and finally reaches the sealed inflation chamber 400 between the diaphragm 100 and the cylinder head 300, thereby realizing the intake of air into the inflation chamber 400.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, the cylinder block air intake 210 and the cylinder head air intake 340 can be arranged circumferentially offset, such as... Figure 14 The cylinder block air intake 210 and the cylinder head air intake 340 at another circumferential location are shown, as... Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The axial cross-sectional view of the brake cylinder 20 rotated at a certain angle along the axis. At this time, the cylinder intake port 210 is rotated to an invisible position, while the cylinder head intake port 340 can be seen.

[0090] With this brake cylinder arrangement, multiple air paths—including the cylinder block intake, intake passage, and cylinder head intake—form a labyrinthine intake structure. This reduces the likelihood of impurities entering the filling chamber, minimizing damage and corrosion to structural components, ensuring the cleanliness of the air paths and chambers, and lowering the product failure rate. Furthermore, the temperature of low-temperature air flowing through this multi-path flow can be increased, thus improving adaptability to low-temperature environments.

[0091] In addition, in other embodiments, a filter element may be provided in the air intake passage 351 to further enhance the ability to block debris.

[0092] also, Figure 16 It shows including Figure 8 An axial cross-sectional view of the brake cylinder portion of the cylinder head assembly. Figure 17 It shows Figure 16 An axial cross-sectional view of the brake cylinder rotating at a certain angle along its axis. Figure 18 It shows including Figure 9 An axial cross-sectional view of the brake cylinder portion of the cylinder head assembly. Figure 19 It shows Figure 18 The diagram shows an axial cross-section of the brake cylinder rotated along its axis at a certain angle. The illustrated embodiments of the brake cylinders also serve to reduce impurities in the intake air, ensure unobstructed airflow, and maintain a clean cavity. The way the cylinder head assembly mates with the cylinder body in other embodiments is similar to that described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a brake caliper unit 1 in a non-braking state according to one embodiment of this application, which includes... Figure 14 The brake cylinder 20 is included. Furthermore, the brake caliper unit 1 also includes a piston assembly 40, one end of which is disposed within the cylinder body 200 near the diaphragm 100, and the other end is connected to an eccentric shaft lever assembly 50, which is connected to a clamp lever assembly 60. A brake pad holder 30 (used for mounting brake pads) is mounted at the end of the clamp lever assembly 60. In the non-braking state, there is a gap d between the brake pad holder 30 (not shown here) and the brake disc 2 to be clamped. Figure 21 It shows Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the braking state of the brake caliper unit 1. At this time, the air chamber 400 is inflated, and the diaphragm body 110 pushes the piston 40 to move synchronously under the action of gas pressure. The movement of the piston 40 drives the eccentric shaft lever assembly 50 to rotate, and causes the caliper lever assembly 60 to drive the brake pad support 30 to move towards each other. The distance between the brake pad support 30 decreases to clamp the brake disc 2. The solid arrows show the direction of movement of the piston 40 and the eccentric shaft lever assembly 50.

[0094] also, Figure 22 It shows including Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the brake caliper unit of the brake cylinder in its non-braking state. Figure 23 yes Figure 22 A schematic diagram of the braking state of the brake caliper unit. Figure 24 It shows including Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the brake caliper unit of the brake cylinder in its non-braking state. Figure 25 It shows Figure 24 A schematic diagram of the braking state of the brake caliper unit.

[0095] With this arrangement, the brake caliper unit according to this application simplifies the sealing structure of the brake cylinder and improves the sealing effect, thereby improving the braking response sensitivity and the reliability of the braking effect.

[0096] The examples above primarily illustrate the diaphragm, cylinder head assembly, brake cylinder, brake caliper unit, and rail vehicle including the brake caliper unit of this application. Although only some embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art should understand that this application can be implemented in many other forms without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, the examples and embodiments shown are considered illustrative rather than restrictive, and this application may cover various modifications and substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A diaphragm for sealing the cylinder head (300) of a brake cylinder (20), characterized in that, The diaphragm (100) includes: Membrane body (110); A peripheral portion (120) is disposed around the periphery of the diaphragm body (110); and A skeleton (130) is at least partially disposed within the peripheral portion (120) and extends along the entire circumference of the peripheral portion (120), wherein the skeleton (130) includes a first limiting portion (131) extending axially. The diaphragm (100) is fitted onto the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) of the cylinder head (300) which extends at least partially axially through the first limiting portion (131) of the skeleton (130), and the first limiting portion (131) is fitted and fixed to the inner side (322) or outer side (321) of the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) to form a seal.

2. The diaphragm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the skeleton (130) facing the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) is wrapped within the peripheral portion (120), the peripheral portion (120) being formed by the skeleton (130) to mate with the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) which extends at least partially along the axial direction, the peripheral portion (120) being fitted onto the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) by the skeleton (130) and having an interference fit with the inner side surface (322) or the outer side surface (321) of the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320).

3. The diaphragm according to claim 2, characterized in that, The peripheral portion (120) is interference-fitted with the inner side (322) or outer side (321) of the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320).

4. The diaphragm according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frame (130) also includes a second limiting part (132), which is connected to the first limiting part (131) to form a structure including bending. The peripheral part (120) is sleeved and fitted to the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) through the first limiting part (131) and the second limiting part (132).

5. The diaphragm according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second limiting part (132) extends radially and is connected to the first limiting part (131) to form a structure including a 90-degree bend.

6. The diaphragm according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second limiting portion (132) extends away from the membrane body (110) from one end of the first limiting portion (131), and the second limiting portion (132) and the first limiting portion (131) form an "L" shaped cross section.

7. The diaphragm according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second limiting portion (132) extends from one end of the first limiting portion (131) toward the diaphragm body (110), and the second limiting portion (132) and the first limiting portion (131) form an inverted "L" shaped cross section.

8. The diaphragm according to claim 5, characterized in that, The skeleton (130) includes two second limiting portions (132), which extend from one end of the first limiting portion (131) away from the membrane body (110) and towards the membrane body (110), respectively, and the two second limiting portions (132) and the first limiting portion (131) form a "├" shaped cross section.

9. The diaphragm according to claim 5, characterized in that, The skeleton (130) includes two second limiting portions (132), which extend from both ends of the first limiting portion (131) toward the diaphragm body (110).

10. The diaphragm according to claim 5, characterized in that, The skeleton (130) includes two second limiting portions (132), one of which extends from one end of the first limiting portion (131) away from the membrane body (110); the other of the two second limiting portions (132) extends from the other end of the first limiting portion (131) toward the membrane body (110).

11. The diaphragm according to claim 2, characterized in that, The skeleton (130) is completely enclosed within the peripheral portion (120).

12. The diaphragm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skeleton (130) is partially exposed from the peripheral portion (120), and matching threads are provided on the exposed portion of the skeleton (130) and on the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320).

13. The diaphragm according to claim 12, characterized in that, The skeleton (130) is partially exposed from the radial side of the peripheral portion (120) away from the diaphragm body (110), and matching threads are provided on the exposed portion of the skeleton (130) and on the inner side (322) of the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320).

14. The diaphragm according to claim 12, characterized in that, The skeleton (130) is partially exposed from the radial side of the peripheral portion (120) toward the diaphragm body (110), and matching threads are provided on the exposed portion of the skeleton (130) and on the outer surface (321) of the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320).

15. The diaphragm according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The diaphragm body (110) includes a diaphragm center (111) and a diaphragm sidewall (112) extending from the diaphragm center (111) toward the same side of the diaphragm body (110), the end of the diaphragm sidewall (112) opposite to the diaphragm center (111) being connected to the peripheral portion (120).

16. A cylinder head assembly, characterized in that, The cylinder head assembly (10) includes: A cylinder head (300) comprising a cylinder head body (310) and a cylinder head sidewall (320) extending at least partially axially from an edge of the cylinder head body (310), the sidewall (320) having an open end opposite to the cylinder head body (310); and According to any one of claims 1-15, the diaphragm (100) is sleeved onto the end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) through the skeleton (130) and is sleeved and fixed with the inner side (322) or outer side (321) of the cylinder head sidewall (320) to form a sealed inflation cavity (400).

17. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 16, characterized in that, The end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) is constructed with a rectangular cross-section.

18. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 16, characterized in that, The end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) includes a protrusion (330) that protrudes axially from its outer periphery, and the diaphragm (100) is fitted and engaged with the inner surface (332) of the protrusion (330) through the skeleton (130) to form a seal.

19. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 16, characterized in that, The end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) includes a protrusion (330) that protrudes axially from its inner periphery, and the diaphragm (100) is fitted with the outer surface of the protrusion (330) through the skeleton (130) to form a seal.

20. The cylinder head assembly according to claim 16, characterized in that, The end of the cylinder head sidewall (320) includes a protrusion (330) that protrudes axially between its outer and inner peripheries, and the diaphragm (100) is fitted with the inner side (332) and / or outer side of the protrusion (330) through the skeleton (130) to form a seal.

21. The cylinder head assembly according to any one of claims 16-20, characterized in that, The cylinder head sidewall (320) is provided with a cylinder head air inlet (340) and a groove (350), and the groove (350) is connected to the air filling chamber (400) through the cylinder head air inlet (340).

22. A brake cylinder, characterized in that, The brake cylinder (20) includes: Cylinder block (200); and Cylinder head assembly (10) according to any one of claims 16-21; The cylinder head assembly (10) is assembled inside the cylinder block (200).

23. The brake cylinder according to claim 22, characterized in that, The cylinder head sidewall (320) is provided with a cylinder head air inlet (340) and a groove (350), and the cylinder body sidewall of the cylinder body (200) is provided with a cylinder body air inlet (210). The groove (350) and the cylinder body sidewall form an air intake channel (351). The cylinder body air inlet (210) is connected to the air intake channel (351), and the air intake channel (351) is connected to the air filling chamber (400) through the cylinder head air inlet (340).

24. The brake cylinder according to claim 23, characterized in that, The cylinder block air inlet (210) and the cylinder head air inlet (340) are arranged circumferentially offset.

25. The brake cylinder according to claim 23, characterized in that, A filter element is provided in the air intake channel (351).

26. The brake cylinder according to claim 22, characterized in that, The brake cylinder (20) includes a brake cylinder step (201), one end of the cylinder head assembly (10) abuts against the brake cylinder step (201) for axial limitation, and the other end of the cylinder head assembly (10) is axially limited by a limiting component.

27. A brake caliper unit, characterized in that, The brake caliper unit (1) includes a brake cylinder (20) according to any one of claims 22-26, the brake cylinder (20) driving the brake pad support (30) of the brake caliper unit (1) to move in opposite directions.

28. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, The rail vehicle includes a brake caliper unit (1) according to claim 27.

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