Biomass pellet burner

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of baking equipment, and specifically discloses a biomass particle burner, including a combustion furnace and a feed box, a feeder, a combustion mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and also including a controller and a ash cleaning mechanism. The combustion mechanism includes an ignition rod, a combustion chamber and a fan, one end of the ignition rod is located in the combustion chamber, and the ignition rod is electrically connected to the controller. The ash cleaning mechanism includes a push rod, a material receiving plate is provided at the lower end of the combustion chamber, one end of the push rod is located above the material receiving plate, and the push rod is electrically connected to the controller; the material receiving plate is provided with a vent, and an air duct is provided under the material receiving plate, and the air duct is connected to the air outlet of the fan; the bottom plate of the air duct is a deformable plate, and a cam and a motor are provided under the deformable plate, the motor output shaft is connected to the cam, the motor is electrically connected to the controller, and the air duct outlet is rotatably connected with a baffle, and the rotating shaft of the baffle is connected to the cam through a transmission mechanism. The purpose of this patent is to solve the problem that the existing biomass burner has low equipment cleaning efficiency and is easy to coke.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of baking equipment, in particular to a biomass particle burner. Background Art

[0002] Biomass pellet burner is widely used in boilers, die-casting machines, industrial furnaces, incinerators, smelting furnaces, kitchen equipment, drying equipment, food drying equipment, ironing equipment, painting equipment, highway construction machinery and equipment, industrial annealing furnaces, asphalt heating equipment and other thermal energy industries.

[0003] Biomass pellet burner refers to a machine that uses agricultural and forestry waste pellets such as straw as fuel and adopts semi-gasification combustion mode, which effectively avoids the slagging problem of straw pellets during direct combustion, and uses precise control of air distribution, feeding, gasification and combustion to achieve efficient and clean combustion in an integrated machine. The pellet burner directly outputs high-temperature flames and flue gas, and can be directly connected to energy-consuming equipment such as boilers and industrial kilns, and has a wide market.

[0004] Existing biomass burners have low cleaning efficiency and are prone to coking, which results in poor heat conduction at the ignition point, further affecting the combustion efficiency of the burner. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a biomass particle burner to solve the problems of low equipment cleaning efficiency and easy coking in the prior art biomass burners.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a biomass pellet burner, including a combustion furnace and a feed box, a feeder, and a combustion mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and also including a controller and a cleaning mechanism. The feeder is used to deliver fuel from the feed box to the top of the combustion mechanism. The combustion mechanism includes an ignition rod, a combustion chamber and a fan, one end of the ignition rod is located in the combustion chamber, the ignition rod is electrically connected to the controller, the cleaning mechanism includes a push rod, a material receiving plate is provided at the lower end of the combustion chamber, one end of the push rod is located above the material receiving plate, and the push rod is electrically connected to the controller; the material receiving plate is provided with a vent hole, an air duct is provided under the material receiving plate, and the air duct is communicated with the air outlet of the fan; the bottom plate of the air duct is a deformable plate, a cam and a motor are provided under the deformable plate, the motor output shaft is connected to the cam, the motor is electrically connected to the controller, the air duct outlet is rotatably connected to a baffle, and the rotating shaft of the baffle is connected to the cam through a transmission mechanism.

[0007] The technical principle of this scheme is: the fuel in the feed box is sent to the top of the combustion chamber through the feeding mechanism, and the ignition rod is controlled by the controller to ignite, thereby igniting the fuel in the combustion chamber, and the fan is turned on to introduce external air, which enters the combustion chamber through the air duct and the vent to play a combustion-supporting role. At this time, the baffle closes the air duct, so that the introduced air can only pass through the pores to the bottom of the combustion chamber; when dust cleaning is required, the push rod is started, and the push rod pushes out the fuel burned at the bottom, and at the same time, the motor is started, so that the motor rotates and drives the cam to rotate, thereby pushing the deformable plate upward, so that the middle part of the air duct becomes narrower, and when the air flow flows through the narrow part, the flow rate is accelerated, thereby forming a negative pressure to suck the slag on the receiving plate after burning that is not pushed away by the push rod into the air duct through the vent, and flows out of the air duct along the air flow, thereby improving the slag cleaning efficiency of the equipment; the cam rotates and drives the baffle to rotate through the transmission mechanism at the same time to open the air duct; when the slag cleaning is completed, the motor is started to reverse, the cam rotates back to lower the deformable plate, and the cam rotates through the transmission mechanism to drive the baffle to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby closing the air duct through the baffle.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this solution are: 1. By setting up air ducts and air vents, the introduced air flow can flow from bottom to top through the air vents, ensuring that there is sufficient oxygen under the fuel, so that the fuel in the combustion chamber can be fully burned, improving combustion efficiency and reducing fuel waste; 2. By setting up a cleaning rod to remove the waste residue after combustion at the bottom, the cam and the deformable plate can be used to change the width of the air duct at the same time, which is conducive to the negative pressure generated by the accelerated air flow rate to suck the fine waste residue that has not been removed by the push rod into the air duct through the air holes, thereby improving the slag cleaning efficiency, reducing the combustion coking rate, and further ensuring the overall combustion effect of the burner.

[0009] Furthermore, the deformable plate is composed of more than three connecting plates, preferably three connecting plates, which are connected by slide grooves and slide bars, and the slide bars can rotate in the slide grooves. The deformation function is realized by movably connecting multiple connecting plates, and the air duct can be quickly narrowed by lifting the middle connecting plate through the cam. The structure is simple and easy to install, and the slide groove and slide bar structure are easy to process and easy to produce.

[0010] Furthermore, the material receiving plate includes a fixed plate and a flap rotatably connected to the fixed plate, a connecting rod is provided between the connecting plate and the flap, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the flap, and the other end is fixed to the connecting plate by bolts, a stopper is provided above the flap, and one end of the flap abuts against the stopper after flipping. When the connecting plate is pushed up, the flap can be pushed up by the connecting rod, that is, the flap is flipped up and abutted against the flexible stopper, so that the air duct below is relatively sealed, and when the flap is flipped, the fuel waste residue after combustion on the flap surface slides to the fixed plate, so that the push rod can push more waste residue at one time, reduce the probability of coking of the burned waste, and improve the combustion efficiency of the burner.

[0011] Furthermore, a fireproof plate is provided below the outlet of the feeder, and the fireproof plate is rotatably connected to a feed wheel, and the feed wheel is fixed with 3-8 blades along the circumference of the rotation center. When the fuel in the feeder falls onto the blades of the feed wheel, the blades rotate under the action of gravity to make the fuel fall into the combustion chamber. At the same time, due to the cooperation of the blades and the fireproof plate, the flames in the combustion chamber can be effectively blocked from igniting the fuel in the feeder, and backfire can be effectively prevented, thereby ensuring the safety of the fuel in the feeder and the feed box.

[0012] Furthermore, the storage box is provided with a transparent observation window, which is a long strip arranged vertically. The observation window is provided to facilitate viewing of the remaining amount of fuel in the feed box, thereby timely adding fuel to ensure the operation of the burner.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a first sprocket wheel fixed to the rotating shaft of the cam, a second sprocket wheel fixed to the rotating shaft of the baffle plate, and a chain is sleeved between the first sprocket wheel and the second sprocket wheel. The sprocket and chain structure makes the rotation transmission effect more stable and not easy to slip.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an observation hole, one end of which is located in the combustion chamber and is provided with a high-temperature resistant glass lens, and the other end is connected to the outside of the burner. By setting the observation hole, the operator can observe the fuel combustion state in the burner, so as to adjust the fuel addition or the fan speed in time. The high-temperature resistant glass lens is used to ensure the observation effect, and the high-temperature resistant glass is not easy to burst at high temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle section view.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the combustion chamber and air duct along plane AA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0019] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: feed box 1, observation window 11, feeder 2, fireproof plate 21, feed wheel 22, fan blade 23, controller 3, combustion chamber 4, receiving plate 41, fixing plate 411, flap 412, connecting rod 413, block 414, ignition rod 42, push rod 44, connecting plate 45, cam 46, motor 47, baffle 48, air duct 49, waste slag box 5, combustion furnace 6, heat exchanger 7, observation hole 8, fan 9.

[0020] Embodiment 1 is shown in the accompanying drawings: a biomass pellet burner includes a combustion furnace 6 and a feed box 1, a feeder 2, a combustion mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and also includes a controller 3 and a cleaning mechanism. The feeder 2 adopts a spiral discharger, and the feeder 2 is used to deliver fuel from the feed box 1 to the top of the combustion mechanism; the combustion mechanism includes an ignition rod 42, a combustion chamber 4 and a fan 9, one end of the ignition rod 42 is located in the combustion chamber 4, the ignition rod 42 is electrically connected to the controller 3, the cleaning mechanism includes a push rod 44, and the lower end of the combustion chamber 4 is provided with a connection The material plate 41, one end of the push rod 44 is located above the material receiving plate 41, and the push rod 44 is electrically connected to the controller 3; the material receiving plate 41 is provided with a vent, and an air duct 49 is provided under the material receiving plate 41, and the air duct 49 is communicated with the air outlet of the fan 9; the bottom plate of the air duct 49 is a deformable plate, and a cam 46 and a motor 47 are provided under the deformable plate, the output shaft of the motor 47 is connected to the cam 46, the motor 47 is electrically connected to the controller 3, and the outlet of the air duct 49 is rotatably connected to a baffle 48, and the rotating shaft of the baffle 48 is connected to the cam 46 through a transmission mechanism.

[0021] The deformable plate is composed of more than three connecting plates 45, preferably three connecting plates 45, and the connecting plates 45 are connected by slide grooves and slide bars, and the slide bars can rotate in the slide grooves. The transmission mechanism can use sprockets and chains, or gears and racks for transmission; gear rack transmission is not easy to slip. A waste slag box 5 is provided at the outlet of the air duct 49 for collecting waste slag.

[0022] A guide tube is provided at the ignition rod 42. When installing, the ignition rod 42 is inserted into the guide tube and fixed by screws. The ignition rod 42 is easy to disassemble and replace. The ignition rod 42 is made of silicon nitride, which has an anti-electric shock function and is not easy to be grounded and leak electricity after damage. The push rod 44 is an electric push rod 44, which is electrically connected to the controller 3. The push rod 44 is intermittently started by the controller 3. The push rod 44 is made of 06Cr25Ni20 material.

[0023] During operation, the fuel in the feed box 1 is delivered to the top of the combustion chamber 4 through the feeder 2, and the ignition rod 42 is ignited by the controller 3, thereby igniting the fuel in the combustion chamber 4. The fan 9 is turned on to introduce external air, which enters the combustion chamber 4 through the air duct 49 and the air vents to play a role in combustion. At this time, the baffle 48 closes the air duct 49, so that the introduced air can only enter the bottom of the combustion chamber 4 through the air holes; when dust cleaning is required, the push rod 44 is started, and the push rod 44 pushes out the burned fuel at the bottom; at the same time, the motor 47 is started, and the motor 47 adopts a stepping motor 47, so that the motor 47 rotates to drive the cam 46 to rotate, and the cam 46 The rotation simultaneously drives the baffle plate 48 to rotate through the transmission mechanism so that the air duct 49 is opened; the cam 46 pushes the middle connecting plate 45 upwards, thereby narrowing the middle part of the air duct 49. When the air flow passes through the narrow part, the flow velocity accelerates, thereby forming a negative pressure to suck the slag on the receiving plate 41 that has not been pushed away by the push rod 44 into the air duct 49 through the vent hole, and flows out of the air duct 49 along the air flow, thereby improving the slag cleaning efficiency of the equipment; when the slag cleaning is completed, the motor 47 is started to reverse, the cam 46 rotates back to its original position to lower the deformable plate, and the cam 46 rotates to drive the baffle plate 48 to rotate in the opposite direction through the transmission mechanism, thereby closing the air duct 49 through the baffle plate 48.

[0024] Embodiment 2 is basically as attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 As shown, the same parts as those in Example 1 are not repeated here. The difference lies in that the receiving plate 41 includes a fixed plate 411 and a flap 412 rotatably connected to the fixed plate 411, the fixed plate 411 is welded to the side wall of the combustion chamber 4, a connecting rod 413 is provided between the middle connecting plate 45 and the flap 412, one end of the connecting rod 413 is hinged to the flap, and the other end is fixed to the connecting plate by bolts, a flexible stopper is provided above the flap 412, and the flap 412 is turned over to abut against the stopper 414, and the upper end of the stopper 414 is a smooth inclined surface to reduce fuel adhesion. When the connecting plate 45 is pushed upward, the flap 412 can be pushed upward by the connecting rod 413, that is, the flap 412 is turned upward and abutted against the flexible stopper 414, so that the lower air duct 49 is relatively sealed. When the flap 412 is turned over, the fuel waste residue after combustion on the surface of the flap 412 slides to the fixed plate 411, so that the push rod 44 can push away more waste residue at one time, reduce the probability of coking of combustion waste, and improve the combustion efficiency of the burner.

[0025] Embodiment 3, as attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3As shown, the same parts as those in Example 1 and Example 2 are not repeated here. The difference is that a fireproof plate 21 is provided below the outlet of the feeder 2. Four fireproof plates 21 are provided and are welded into a square shape in pairs. The fireproof plate 21 is rotatably connected to a feed wheel 22. The feed wheel 22 is fixed with 3-8 blades 23 along the circumference of the rotation center. When the fuel in the feeder 2 falls onto the blades 23 of the feed wheel 22, the blades 23 rotate under the action of gravity so that the fuel falls into the combustion chamber 4; at the same time, through the cooperation of the blades 23 and the fireproof plate 21, the flames in the combustion chamber 4 can be effectively blocked from entering the feeder 2, igniting the fuel in the feeder 2, and effectively preventing backfire, thereby ensuring the safety of the fuel in the feeder 2 and the feed box 1.

[0026] The feed box 1 is provided with a transparent observation window 11, which is in the shape of a long strip. It also includes an observation hole 8, one end of which is located in the combustion chamber 4 and is provided with a high-temperature resistant glass lens, and the other end is connected to the outside of the burner. By providing the observation window 11, it is convenient to check the remaining amount of fuel in the feed box 1, so that the fuel can be added in time to ensure the operation of the burner. By providing the observation hole 8, the operator can observe the combustion state of the fuel in the burner, so as to adjust the fuel addition or the running speed of the fan 9 in time. The high-temperature resistant glass lens is used to ensure the observation effect, and the high-temperature resistant glass is not easy to burst at high temperatures.

[0027] A heat exchanger 7 is provided on the top of the combustion furnace 6, and the hot air in the combustion furnace 6 is exchanged to the drying room through the heat exchanger 7. The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the specific structure and characteristics known in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A biomass pellet burner, comprising a combustion furnace and a feed box, a feeder, and a combustion mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom, characterized in that: It also includes a controller and a cleaning mechanism, the feeder is used to deliver fuel from the feed box to the top of the combustion mechanism, the combustion mechanism includes an ignition rod, a combustion chamber and a fan, one end of the ignition rod is located in the combustion chamber, the ignition rod is electrically connected to the controller, the cleaning mechanism includes a push rod, a material receiving plate is provided at the lower end of the combustion chamber, one end of the push rod is located above the material receiving plate, and the push rod is electrically connected to the controller; the material receiving plate is provided with air holes, an air duct is provided under the material receiving plate, and the air duct is communicated with the air outlet of the fan; the bottom plate of the air duct is a deformable plate, a cam and a motor are provided under the deformable plate, the motor output shaft is connected to the cam, the motor is electrically connected to the controller, the air duct outlet is rotatably connected to a baffle, and the rotating shaft of the baffle is connected to the cam through a transmission mechanism.

2. The biomass pellet burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformable plate is composed of more than three connecting plates, and the connecting plates are connected by sliding grooves and sliding rods, and the sliding rods can rotate in the sliding grooves.

3. The biomass pellet burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material receiving plate includes a fixed plate and a flap rotatably connected to the fixed plate, a connecting rod is provided between the connecting plate and the flap, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the flap, and the other end is fixed to the connecting plate, a stop block is provided above the flap, and one end of the flap abuts against the stop block after flipping.

4. The biomass pellet burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fireproof plate is arranged below the outlet of the feeder, and a feed wheel is rotatably connected to the fireproof plate, and 3-8 blades are fixed to the feed wheel along the circumference of the rotation center.

5. The biomass pellet burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed box is provided with a transparent observation window, which is in the shape of an elongated strip.

6. The biomass pellet burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises a first sprocket wheel fixed to the rotating shaft of the cam, a second sprocket wheel fixed to the rotating shaft of the baffle plate, and a chain is sleeved between the first sprocket wheel and the second sprocket wheel.

7. The biomass pellet burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an observation hole, one end of which is located in the combustion chamber and is provided with a tempered glass lens, and the other end of the observation hole is communicated with the outside of the burner.

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