Method and apparatus for picking up first arrival takeoff time

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides a method and device for picking the first arrival takeoff time. The method includes: when picking the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to an explosive source, obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, where the first arrival wavelet is a minimum phase wavelet; performing a conversion process on the minimum phase wavelet to obtain the zero phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum phase wavelet; and then picking the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero phase wavelet. Since the interference on the peak position is relatively small, therefore, converting the minimum phase wavelet into a zero phase wavelet and picking the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero phase wavelet, so that the takeoff position of the first arrival wavelet becomes the peak position, and the position of this peak is relatively less affected by interference. Compared with the prior art, the interference on the first arrival wavelet is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect of the first arrival takeoff time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and particularly to a method and device for picking the first arrival jump time. Background Art

[0002] The first arrival picking is an important link in seismic data processing. The results of the first arrival picking are often used for the calculation of first arrival tomography inversion or static correction. The first arrival picking has relatively high requirements for the signal-to-noise ratio of the first arrival. Since the peak position of the first arrival wavelet is less affected by interference, usually, the peak time of the first arrival wavelet is used as the first arrival jump time for picking.

[0003] Currently, in actual land data acquisition, the seismic sources include artificial controllable seismic sources or explosive seismic sources. The first arrival wavelet of the controllable seismic source is a zero-phase wavelet, and the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source is a minimum-phase wavelet. If the first arrival jump time is picked according to the peak time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source, it is obviously unreasonable. In the prior art, when picking the first arrival jump time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source, the wavelet waveform of the explosive seismic source can be fitted, the theoretical jump point can be determined based on the wavelet waveform of the explosive seismic source, then the peak position of the first arrival wavelet is moved to the position of the theoretical jump point, and then the first arrival jump time is picked according to the peak time of the first arrival wavelet.

[0004] However, when using the existing method to pick the first arrival jump time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source, due to the large influence of interference on the first arrival wavelet, the picking effect of the first arrival jump time is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a method and device for picking the first arrival jump time, which reduces the interference on the first arrival wavelet when picking the first arrival jump time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source, thereby improving the picking effect of the first arrival jump time.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of this application provide a method for picking the first arrival jump time. The method for picking the first arrival jump time may include:

[0007] Obtain the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source, where the first arrival wavelet is a minimum-phase wavelet.

[0008] Perform conversion processing on the minimum-phase wavelet to obtain the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet.

[0009] Pick the first arrival jump time corresponding to the explosive seismic source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the performing conversion processing on the minimum-phase wavelet to obtain the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet includes:

[0011] Determine the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0012] Obtain the filter operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0013] Determine the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet according to the first-arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator corresponding to the filter operator.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the determining the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet according to the first-arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator corresponding to the filter operator includes:

[0015] Calculate the product between the first-arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator.

[0016] Determine the product as the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the obtaining the filter operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibrator includes:

[0018] Determine the minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0019] Determine the filter operator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator and the minimum-phase signal.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the determining the minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator includes:

[0021] Calculate the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0022] Transform the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator to obtain the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal corresponding to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0023] Transform the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal to obtain the minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the determining the filter operator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator and the minimum-phase signal includes:

[0025] Calculate the ratio of the minimum-phase signal to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0026] Determine the ratio as the filtering operator.

[0027] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for picking up the first arrival take-off time. The device for picking up the first arrival take-off time may include:

[0028] An acquisition unit, configured to acquire the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, where the first arrival wavelet is a minimum-phase wavelet.

[0029] A processing unit, configured to perform conversion processing on the minimum-phase wavelet to obtain a zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet.

[0030] A picking unit, configured to pick up the first arrival take-off time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet.

[0031] In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit includes a first processing module, a second processing module, and a third processing module.

[0032] The first processing module is configured to determine the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0033] The second processing module is configured to obtain a filtering operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0034] The third processing module is configured to determine the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet according to the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filtering operator corresponding to the filtering operator.

[0035] In a possible implementation manner, the third processing module is specifically configured to calculate the product between the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filtering operator; and determine the product as the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet.

[0036] In a possible implementation manner, the second processing module is specifically configured to determine a minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; and determine the filtering operator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator and the minimum-phase signal.

[0037] In a possible implementation manner, the second processing module is specifically configured to calculate the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator, perform a transformation on the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator to obtain the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal corresponding to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; and perform a transformation on the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal to obtain a minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the second processing module is specifically configured to calculate a ratio of the minimum-phase signal to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, and determine the ratio as the filtering operator.

[0039] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a device for picking the first arrival jump time. The device for picking the first arrival jump time may include a processor and a memory. Among them,

[0040] The memory is used to store a computer program.

[0041] The processor is configured to read the computer program stored in the memory, and execute the method for picking the first arrival jump time in any possible implementation of the first aspect described above according to the computer program in the memory.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium. Computer-executable instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the method for picking the first arrival jump time in any possible implementation of the first aspect described above is implemented.

[0043] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for picking the first arrival jump time in any possible implementation of the first aspect described above is implemented.

[0044] It can be seen that for the method and device for picking the first arrival jump time provided by the embodiments of the present application, when picking the first arrival jump time corresponding to the explosive source, by obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, the first arrival wavelet is a minimum-phase wavelet; and performing a conversion process on the minimum-phase wavelet to obtain a zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet; then picking the first arrival jump time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet. Since the interference on the peak position is relatively small, therefore, converting the minimum-phase wavelet into a zero-phase wavelet and picking the first arrival jump time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet, so that the jump position of the first arrival wavelet becomes the peak position, and the position of this peak is relatively less affected by interference. Compared with the prior art, the interference on the first arrival wavelet is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect of the first arrival jump time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a method for picking the first arrival jump time provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart for converting and processing a minimum-phase wavelet provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a processing effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of a processing effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of a processing effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the picking effect of the first arrival jump time under the surface conditions of mountain areas provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the picking effect of the first arrival jump time under the surface conditions of cliff areas provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the picking effect of the first arrival jump time under the surface conditions of gobi areas provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of a device for picking the first arrival jump time provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 10 Another schematic structural diagram of a device for picking the first arrival jump time provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Through the above-mentioned drawings, specific embodiments of the present application have been shown, and there will be more detailed descriptions hereinafter. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Specific Embodiments

[0057] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the written description of the present application, the character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0059] Currently, in actual land data acquisition, the seismic source includes a manually controllable seismic source or an explosive seismic source. The first arrival wavelet of the controllable seismic source is a zero-phase wavelet, and the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source is a minimum-phase wavelet. If the first arrival pick-up time is picked based on the peak time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source, it is obviously unreasonable.

[0060] In the prior art, when picking the first arrival pick-up time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source, the wavelet waveform of the explosive seismic source can be fitted, the theoretical pick-up point can be determined based on the wavelet waveform of the explosive seismic source, then the peak position of the first arrival wavelet is moved to the position of the theoretical pick-up point, and then the first arrival pick-up time is picked based on the peak time of the first arrival wavelet. However, using the existing method, when picking the first arrival pick-up time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source, due to the large influence of interference on the first arrival wavelet, the picking effect of the first arrival pick-up time is poor.

[0061] In order to reduce the interference on the first arrival wavelet and thus improve the picking effect of the first arrival pick-up time, for the explosive seismic source, similar to the controllable seismic source, the first arrival pick-up time can be picked based on the peak time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source. However, since the peak time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source is not the actual arrival time of the reflected wave, it is unreasonable to pick the first arrival pick-up time based on the peak time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source. In order to improve the rationality of picking, the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source can be converted to obtain the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the first arrival wavelet; then, based on the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet, the first arrival pick-up time corresponding to the explosive seismic source is picked. In this way, the pick-up position of the first arrival wavelet becomes the peak position, and the position of this peak is relatively less affected by interference. Compared with the prior art, the interference on the first arrival wavelet is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect of the first arrival pick-up time.

[0062] Based on the above technical concept, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for picking the first arrival pick-up time. When picking the first arrival pick-up time corresponding to the explosive seismic source, the first arrival wavelet of the explosive seismic source can be obtained first. The first arrival wavelet is a minimum-phase wavelet; then the minimum-phase wavelet is converted to obtain the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet; and then, based on the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet, the first arrival pick-up time corresponding to the explosive seismic source is picked.

[0063] Among them, the first arrival wavelet is the seismic wavelet that is excited from the shot point and reaches the geophone first in seismic exploration. The arrival time when it first reaches the geophone is called the first arrival time of the wavelet, simply referred to as the first arrival of the wavelet.

[0064] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, when picking up the first arrival starting time corresponding to the explosive source, by obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, the first arrival wavelet is a minimum-phase wavelet; and performing a conversion process on the minimum-phase wavelet to obtain the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet; then picking up the first arrival starting time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet. Since the interference on the peak position is relatively small, therefore, converting the minimum-phase wavelet into a zero-phase wavelet and picking up the first arrival starting time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet, so that the starting position of the first arrival wavelet becomes the peak position, and the position of this peak is less affected by interference. Compared with the prior art, the interference on the first arrival wavelet is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect of the first arrival starting time.

[0065] Next, the method for picking up the first arrival starting time provided by the present application will be described in detail through specific embodiments. It can be understood that these specific embodiments below can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0066] Embodiment 1

[0067] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a method for picking up the first arrival starting time provided by an embodiment of the present application. This method for picking up the first arrival starting time can be executed by software and / or a hardware device. For example, this hardware device can be a device for picking up the first arrival starting time. Exemplarily, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, this method for picking up the first arrival starting time may include:

[0068] S101. Obtain the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, and the first arrival wavelet is a minimum-phase wavelet.

[0069] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present application, the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source can be obtained through at least two possible implementation manners as follows:

[0070] In a possible implementation manner, when obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, the scanning parameters of the vibrator can be obtained, and the scanning parameters of the vibrator can be used to determine a zero-phase wavelet; obtain the minimum-phase wavelet corresponding to this zero-phase wavelet. Since the minimum-phase wavelet is similar to the wavelet characteristics of the explosive source in the work area, therefore, this minimum-phase wavelet can be directly applied as the first arrival wavelet equivalent to the explosive source, thereby obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source.

[0071] In a possible implementation, when obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, the source wavelet of each single shot of the explosive source can be determined based on wavelet fitting, and this source wavelet can be applied to the first arrival wavelet equivalent to the explosive source, so as to obtain the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source.

[0072] It can be understood that in the embodiments of this application, only the example of obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source through the above two possible implementation manners is used for illustration, but it does not mean that the embodiments of this application are only limited to this.

[0073] After obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, the minimum phase wavelet, that is, the first arrival wavelet, can be subjected to conversion processing to obtain the zero phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum phase wavelet, that is, perform the following S102:

[0074] S102. Perform conversion processing on the minimum phase wavelet to obtain the zero phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum phase wavelet.

[0075] Among all seismic wavelets, since the zero phase seismic wavelet has the highest apparent resolution, therefore, in order to improve the apparent resolution of the seismic wavelet in seismic data, the seismic data of the minimum phase wavelet can be converted into the seismic data of the zero phase wavelet.

[0076] Since the peak time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source is not the actual arrival time of the reflected wave, it is unreasonable to pick up the first arrival starting time according to the peak time of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source. In order to improve the rationality of the picking up, the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source can be subjected to conversion processing to obtain the zero phase wavelet corresponding to the first arrival wavelet; correspondingly, the starting position of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source becomes the peak position; then, according to the peak time of the zero phase wavelet, pick up the first arrival starting time corresponding to the explosive source, that is, perform the following S103:

[0077] S103. Pick up the first arrival starting time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero phase wavelet.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, by changing the phase of the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, the minimum phase wavelet is converted into the zero phase wavelet, the peak time corresponding to the peak position of the zero phase wavelet is picked up and recorded, and then the first arrival starting time corresponding to the explosive source is picked up according to the peak time of the zero phase wavelet, so as to realize the picking up of the first arrival starting time.

[0079] It can be seen that in the embodiments of the present application, when picking up the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source, by obtaining the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, the first arrival wavelet is a minimum phase wavelet; and performing conversion processing on the minimum phase wavelet to obtain the zero phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum phase wavelet; then picking up the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero phase wavelet. Since the interference on the peak position is relatively small, therefore, converting the minimum phase wavelet into a zero phase wavelet and picking up the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero phase wavelet, so that the takeoff position of the first arrival wavelet becomes the peak position, and the position of this peak is less affected by interference. Compared with the prior art, the interference on the first arrival wavelet is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect of the first arrival takeoff time.

[0080] Based on the above Figure 1 shown embodiments, in order to facilitate understanding of how to perform conversion processing on the minimum phase wavelet to obtain the zero phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum phase wavelet in the embodiments of the present application, hereinafter, the following Figure 2 shown Embodiment 2 will be used to describe in detail how to perform conversion processing on the minimum phase wavelet to obtain the zero phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum phase wavelet in the embodiments of the present application.

[0081] Embodiment 2

[0082] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a process for performing conversion processing on the minimum phase wavelet provided by the embodiments of the present application. This method for performing conversion processing on the minimum phase wavelet can also be executed by software and / or hardware devices. For example, please refer to Figure 2 shown, this method for performing conversion processing on the minimum phase wavelet may include:

[0083] S201. Determine the zero phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0084] For example, when determining the zero phase wavelet of the vibrator, seismic data information can be collected, and the seismic data at least includes the data information of the vibrator; the zero phase wavelet of the vibrator can be determined according to the data information of the vibrator.

[0085] After determining the zero phase wavelet of the vibrator, if it is necessary to obtain the zero phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum phase wavelet based on the zero phase wavelet of the vibrator, it is necessary to first obtain the filter operator required to convert the zero phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum phase wavelet of the vibrator, that is, execute the following S202:

[0086] S202. Obtain the filter operator required to convert the zero phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0087] Exemplarily, when obtaining the filtering operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of a vibroseis into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, first, according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, a minimum-phase signal with the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis can be determined; then, based on the zero-phase wavelet and the minimum-phase signal of the vibroseis, the filtering operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibroseis can be determined.

[0088] Exemplarily, when determining, according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, a minimum-phase signal with the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, first, the Fourier transform can be used to calculate the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis; and after calculating the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, through the Hilbert transform, the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis can be transformed to obtain the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal corresponding to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis; then, the Fourier transform can be used to transform the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal to obtain the minimum-phase signal with the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, thereby determining the minimum-phase signal with the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis.

[0089] Exemplarily, when determining, according to the zero-phase wavelet and the minimum-phase signal of the vibroseis, the filtering operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, with the minimum-phase signal as the desired output and inputting the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, the Wiener filter can be used to calculate the required filtering operator. The specific process can be: first, calculate the ratio of the minimum-phase signal to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis; the calculated ratio is determined as the filtering operator, and the specific formula can be seen as follows:

[0090] a(t)*op(t) = b(t) Formula (1)

[0091] where, a(t) represents the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis, b(t) represents the minimum-phase signal, and op(t) represents the filtering operator.

[0092] It can be understood that the Wiener filter is also known as the least squares filter or the minimum square filter. The main principle of Wiener filtering is: the process of filtering out noise and interference from continuous input data or discrete input data to extract useful information in the input data, and the device that performs this Wiener filtering operation is called a filter.

[0093] After determining the filtering operator op(t) according to the above formula (1), the inverse filtering operator corresponding to the filtering operator op(t) can be calculated, and this inverse filtering operator can be represented by op -1(t). After obtaining the inverse filtering operator of the filtering operator, the inverse filtering operator can be applied to a single shot of the explosive source to convert the first arrival wavelet of the single shot of the explosive source into a zero-phase first arrival wavelet. Specifically, the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet can be determined according to the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filtering operator corresponding to the filtering operator, that is, the following S203 is executed:

[0094] S203. Determine the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet according to the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filtering operator corresponding to the filtering operator.

[0095] Exemplarily, when determining the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet according to the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filtering operator corresponding to the filtering operator, the product between the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filtering operator can be calculated first; and this product is determined as the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet. Specifically, reference can be made to the following formula:

[0096] c(t) = d(t) * op -1 (t) Formula (2)

[0097] where, c(t) represents the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet, d(t) represents the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, and op -1 (t) represents the inverse filtering operator.

[0098] Exemplarily, please refer to Figure 3 as shown Figure 3 which is a schematic diagram of the processing effect provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 In (a), it represents the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, that is, the minimum-phase wavelet. Figure 3 In (b), it represents the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet. Figure 3 In (c), it represents the filtering operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibroseis into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibroseis. Through the above formula (2), the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet can be obtained according to the minimum-phase wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filtering operator corresponding to the filtering operator.

[0099] In this way, after obtaining the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet, the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source can be picked up according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet. Since the interference on the peak position is relatively small, therefore, converting the minimum-phase wavelet into a zero-phase wavelet and picking up the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet, the takeoff position of the first arrival wavelet becomes the peak position, and the position of this peak is relatively less affected by interference. Compared with the prior art, the interference on the first arrival wavelet is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect of the first arrival takeoff time.

[0100] In the actual application process, takingFigure 4 For example, Figure 4 FIG. is another schematic diagram of the processing effect provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 In (a), it represents the seismic record diagram of the actual explosive source. The initial arrival wavelet of the explosive source is a minimum-phase wavelet. Combining the above Figure 3 as shown, Figure 3 in which it represents applying the filtering operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator source into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibrator source to Figure 4 in (a). By processing the minimum-phase wavelet of the explosive source, the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet can be obtained, that is, the initial arrival wavelet of the explosive source is converted into the zero-phase initial arrival wavelet. See Figure 4 in (b). Figure 4 The initial arrival starting time in (a) in Figure 4 becomes the initial arrival peak time in (b) in Figure 4 Pick up the initial arrival peak time in (b) in Figure 4 and project it onto the original single shot of the explosive source in (a) in Figure 5 as shown. Figure 5 FIG. is yet another schematic diagram of the processing effect provided by the embodiment of the present application. Combining Figure 5 it can be seen that Figure 4 the peak time picked up in (b) has a high degree of coincidence with the initial arrival starting time of the original single shot of the explosive source.

[0101] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the initial arrival starting under different surface conditions. See Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 as shown. Among them, Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the effect of picking up the initial arrival starting time under the surface conditions of mountainous areas provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the effect of picking up the initial arrival starting time under the surface conditions of cliff areas provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the effect of picking up the initial arrival starting time under the surface conditions of gobi areas provided by the embodiment of the present application. Combining Figure 6 it can be seen that when the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application picks up the initial arrival starting time of the explosive source under the surface conditions of mountainous areas, it has strong anti-interference ability. Compared with the prior art, the interference during the starting is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect. Combining Figure 7 it can be seen that when the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application picks up the initial arrival starting time of the explosive source under the surface conditions of cliff areas, it has strong anti-interference ability. Compared with the prior art, the interference during the starting is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect. Similarly, combining Figure 8It can be seen that the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has strong anti-interference ability when picking up the initial arrival takeoff time of the explosive source under the surface conditions in the gobi area. Compared with the prior art, the interference received during takeoff is reduced, thereby improving the picking effect.

[0102] Embodiment III

[0103] Figure 9 FIG. 90 is a schematic structural diagram of a device 90 for picking up the initial arrival takeoff time provided by the embodiments of the present application. For example, please refer to Figure 9 As shown, the device 90 for picking up the initial arrival takeoff time may include:

[0104] An acquisition unit 901, configured to acquire the initial arrival wavelet of the explosive source, and the initial arrival wavelet is a minimum-phase wavelet.

[0105] A processing unit 902, configured to perform conversion processing on the minimum-phase wavelet to obtain a zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet.

[0106] A picking unit 903, configured to pick up the initial arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet.

[0107] Optionally, the processing unit 902 includes a first processing module, a second processing module, and a third processing module.

[0108] The first processing module is configured to determine the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0109] The second processing module is configured to obtain a filter operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0110] The third processing module is configured to determine the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet according to the initial arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator corresponding to the filter operator.

[0111] Optionally, the third processing module is specifically configured to calculate the product between the initial arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator; and determine the product as the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet.

[0112] Optionally, the second processing module is specifically configured to determine a minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; and determine the filter operator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator and the minimum-phase signal.

[0113] Optionally, the second processing module is specifically configured to calculate the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator, transform the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator to obtain the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal corresponding to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; and transform the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal to obtain the minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

[0114] Optionally, the second processing module is specifically configured to calculate the ratio of the minimum-phase signal to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator and determine the ratio as the filtering operator.

[0115] The first arrival pick-up device 90 provided by the embodiments of the present application can execute the technical solution of the first arrival pick-up method in any of the above embodiments. The implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar to those of the first arrival pick-up method. For details, please refer to the implementation principle and beneficial effects of the first arrival pick-up method, which will not be elaborated here.

[0116] Figure 10 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of another first arrival pick-up device 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application. For example, please refer to Figure 10 As shown, the first arrival pick-up device 100 may include a processor 1001 and a memory 1002; wherein,

[0117] The memory 1002 is used to store computer programs.

[0118] The processor 1001 is configured to read the computer program stored in the memory 1002 and execute the technical solution of the first arrival pick-up method in any of the above embodiments according to the computer program in the memory 1002.

[0119] Optionally, the memory 1002 may be either independent or integrated with the processor 1001. When the memory 1002 is a device independent of the processor 1001, the first arrival pick-up device may further include a bus for connecting the memory 1002 and the processor 1001.

[0120] Optionally, this embodiment further includes a communication interface, which may be connected to the processor 1001 through a bus. The processor 1001 may control the communication interface to implement the acquisition and sending functions of the first arrival pick-up device.

[0121] The first arrival takeoff time picking device 100 shown in the embodiments of the present application can implement the technical solution of the first arrival takeoff time picking method in any of the above embodiments. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar to those of the first arrival takeoff time picking method. For the implementation principle and beneficial effects, reference can be made to the first arrival takeoff time picking method, and details will not be elaborated here.

[0122] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the technical solution of the first arrival takeoff time picking method in any of the above embodiments is implemented. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar to those of the first arrival takeoff time picking method. For the implementation principle and beneficial effects, reference can be made to the first arrival takeoff time picking method, and details will not be elaborated here.

[0123] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the technical solution of the first arrival takeoff time picking method in any of the above embodiments is implemented. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar to those of the first arrival takeoff time picking method. For the implementation principle and beneficial effects, reference can be made to the first arrival takeoff time picking method, and details will not be elaborated here.

[0124] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0125] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0126] The integrated modules implemented in the form of software functional modules can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned software functional modules stored in a storage medium include several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (English: processor) to execute some steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application.

[0127] It should be understood that the above-mentioned processor can be a central processing unit (English: Central Processing Unit, abbreviated as: CPU), or can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (English: Digital Signal Processor, abbreviated as: DSP), application specific integrated circuits (English: Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated as: ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the invention can be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or can be executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0128] The memory may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile storage NVM, such as at least one disk memory, and can also be a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disc, etc.

[0129] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the convenience of representation, the buses in the drawings of the present application are not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0130] The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disc. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0131] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for picking up the first arrival takeoff time, characterized in that, it includes: Obtain the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, and the first arrival wavelet is a minimum phase wavelet; Determine the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; obtain the filter operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibrator; wherein, the filter operator is obtained by conversion through the Wiener filter method; the Wiener filter method represents a data conversion processing method; according to the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator corresponding to the filter operator, determine the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet; Pick up the first arrival takeoff time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet according to the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator corresponding to the filter operator includes: Calculate the product between the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator; Determine the product as the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the filter operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibrator includes: According to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator, determine the minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; Determine the filter operator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator and the minimum-phase signal.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator includes: Calculate the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; Transform the amplitude spectrum of the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator to obtain the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal corresponding to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; Transform the phase spectrum of the minimum-phase signal to obtain the minimum-phase signal having the same amplitude spectrum as the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the filter operator according to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator and the minimum-phase signal includes: Calculate the ratio of the minimum-phase signal to the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; Determine the ratio as the filter operator.

6. A device for picking up the first arrival takeoff time, characterized in that, it includes: An acquisition unit for acquiring the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source, and the first arrival wavelet is a minimum-phase wavelet; A processing unit for determining the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator; obtaining the filter operator required to convert the zero-phase wavelet of the vibrator into the minimum-phase wavelet of the vibrator; wherein, the filter operator is obtained by conversion through the Wiener filter method; the Wiener filter method represents a data conversion processing method; according to the first arrival wavelet of the explosive source and the inverse filter operator corresponding to the filter operator, determine the zero-phase wavelet corresponding to the minimum-phase wavelet; A pick-up unit for picking up the first arrival take-off time corresponding to the explosive source according to the peak time of the zero-phase wavelet.

7. A device for picking up the first arrival take-off time, characterized in that, it includes a processor and a memory; wherein, the memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is used for reading the computer program stored in the memory and executing the method for picking up the first arrival take-off time according to any one of claims 1-5 above.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the method for picking up the first arrival take-off time according to any one of claims 1-5 above is realized.

9. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for picking up the first arrival take-off time according to any one of claims 1-5 above is realized.

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