A test device for occupant injury in a simulated explosion impact environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for occupant damage under a simulated explosion impact environment, comprising a base, a passenger compartment seat system, a multi-angle air hammer impact system and a high-pressure air loading system, wherein the multi-angle air hammer impact system comprises a guide rail fixed on the base, an air hammer cavity, an air hammer and an impact plate, wherein the guide rail has a running track extending from front to rear and upward, the air hammer cavity can be slidably arranged on the guide rail along the running track, the high-pressure air loading system is connected to one end of the air hammer cavity, the air hammer is slidably arranged at the other end of the air hammer cavity, the passenger compartment seat system has a load-bearing surface, the impact plate is rotatably arranged on the air hammer, so that the impact plate can rotate relative to the air hammer to make the impact plate parallel to the load-bearing surface, and the impact plate can be matched with the load-bearing surface under the action of the impact load. The test device can effectively simulate the damage test and analysis of the occupants in the vehicle under the action of the explosion impact load from multiple angles, and has a simple structure, which can greatly reduce the cost and difficulty of human body injury testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of human body injury testing under explosion and collision impact, and in particular to an occupant injury testing device under a simulated explosion impact environment. Background Art

[0002] For a long time, the design of protective structures for military special vehicles has focused on the protection of armor-piercing and armor-piercing warheads, but has not paid enough attention to mines and improvised explosives. This is mainly because in traditional wars, mines are mostly used to defend key areas or prevent the opponent from rapid maneuvers. The attacking side often uses minesweepers to open battlefield passages to prevent vehicles from being threatened by mines and other explosives, rather than enhancing the explosion impact protection capabilities of single vehicles. Therefore, the explosion impact protection capabilities of military special vehicles have gradually attracted attention, and its core task is to ensure the safety of people in the vehicle. At present, there have been many studies on the direct effects of explosion impact and the damage caused to the human body, but there is a lack of research on the explosion injury mechanism and injury mechanism of people in the vehicle. In addition, in car collisions, the focus is on the damage caused by horizontal impact to the head and chest of the occupants. However, mine explosions are vertical impacts, and there are large differences between the two in terms of load direction, impact energy and transmission path. The injury mechanism of the human body under vertical loads still needs to be further studied.

[0003] It was found that for people in vehicles or sheltered areas (non-open explosion impact), most injuries were caused by impact, a small part of the injuries were caused by fragments, and no direct damage to the human body caused by the shock wave overpressure was found. Statistics also found that most people suffered injuries to the spine, pelvis and limbs, among which tibia and fibula fractures were the most common injuries, and the proportion of injuries to the spine and pelvis increased significantly compared with previous wars.

[0004] Since real vehicle explosion tests have high requirements for sites and are expensive, it is extremely difficult to carry out related tests. The more common method at present is based on simulated collision human body tests, that is, loading specific acceleration waveforms or collision speeds on the human feet or hips to simulate the impact of explosions on the human body. In addition, there are also scaled tests to conduct small-equivalent explosion impacts to study human injuries. However, they all face the problems of high test costs and poor repeatability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device for occupant injury in a simulated explosion impact environment in order to solve the problems in the prior art. The test device can perform impact tests on various parts of the human body under explosion conditions of different magnitudes and angles.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A test device for occupant injury in a simulated explosion impact environment comprises a base, a passenger compartment seat system movably arranged on the base, a multi-angle air hammer impact system for applying impact loads to the passenger compartment seat system from multiple angles, and a high-pressure air loading system for providing high-pressure gas to the multi-angle air hammer impact system. The multi-angle air hammer impact system comprises a guide rail, an air hammer cavity, an air hammer and an impact plate fixedly arranged on the base, the guide rail has a running track extending from front to rear and upward, the air hammer cavity can be slidably arranged on the guide rail along the length extension direction of the running track, the high-pressure air loading system is connected to one end of the air hammer cavity, the air hammer can be slidably arranged at the other end of the air hammer cavity, the passenger compartment seat system has a load-bearing surface, the impact plate can be rotatably arranged on the air hammer so that the impact plate can rotate relative to the air hammer so that the impact plate is parallel to the load-bearing surface, and the impact plate can be matched with the load-bearing surface under the action of the impact load.

[0008] Preferably, the running track is an arc-shaped structure which is concave in a direction away from the passenger compartment seat system.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-angle air hammer impact system further comprises a rotating shaft arranged on the air hammer cavity, and the rotating shaft can be slidably arranged on the guide rail along the length extension direction of the running track. By arranging the rotating shaft between the air hammer cavity and the running track, it is convenient for the air hammer cavity to drive the air hammer and the impact plate to move relative to the guide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide rails are respectively arranged on the left and right sides, the rotating shaft extends in the left and right directions, and the left and right ends of the rotating shaft are respectively slidably arranged in the running track of the guide rail on the corresponding side.

[0011] Preferably, the passenger compartment seat system includes a cockpit shell, a seat arranged in the cockpit shell, a test dummy arranged on the seat, and a safety belt for restraining the test dummy on the seat, the cockpit shell is movably connected to the base, and the load-bearing surface is arranged on the cockpit shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the cockpit shell includes side shells located on the left and right sides, a first fixing column is fixedly arranged on the side shells on each side, a second fixing column is arranged on the corresponding side of the base, the first fixing column and the second fixing column are at different height positions, and the test device also includes a spring whose two ends are respectively connected to the first fixing column and the second fixing column. The setting of the spring can also make the cockpit shell move passively for a certain distance while ensuring a certain connection strength, so as to truly simulate that when the vehicle is impacted, the passenger compartment seat system can move to a certain extent.

[0013] Furthermore, the cabin shell further comprises a rear shell at the rear and a cabin bottom plate at the bottom, and the load-bearing surfaces are end surfaces of the rear shell and the cabin bottom plate facing the multi-angle air hammer impact system. The load-bearing surfaces on the rear shell and the cabin bottom plate can be a single plane or multiple planes intersecting in sequence.

[0014] Furthermore, the rear shell, the cabin floor, the seat and the safety belt are all replaceable. By replacing different rear shells, cabin floors, seats, safety belts and other protective components, they can be tested and studied, thereby conveniently guiding the development and improvement research of related protective equipment or components.

[0015] Preferably, the high-pressure air loading system includes an air cannon fixedly mounted on the base, an air compressor connected to the inlet of the air cannon through a pipeline, and the outlet of the air cannon is connected to one end of the air hammer cavity through a pipeline.

[0016] Preferably, the test device further includes sensors respectively installed at multiple body parts of the test dummy, and / or the passenger compartment seat system includes a cockpit shell, and the test device further includes a high-speed camera for recording the movement of the dummy and the deformation of the cockpit shell during the test.

[0017] Due to the application of the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the occupant injury test device of the present invention under the simulated explosion impact environment can effectively simulate the injury test and analysis of the occupants in the vehicle under the action of the explosion impact load from multiple angles, and the test device can also perform dynamic protective performance tests on protective components such as the floor, seats and seat belts that the human occupants contact in the cabin environment; and the test device has a simple structure, which can greatly reduce the cost and difficulty of human injury testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Attached Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the occupant injury test device in a simulated explosion impact environment of the present invention;

[0019] Attached Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional schematic diagram of the occupant injury test device in a simulated explosion impact environment of the present invention;

[0020] Attached Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the occupant injury test device in a simulated explosion impact environment of the present invention;

[0021] Attached Figure 4 It is a side view schematic diagram of the impact plate at different angles in the multi-angle air hammer impact system of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] Among them: 1. Base; 2. Passenger compartment seat system; 2a. Load-bearing surface; 211. Side shell; 212. Rear shell; 213. Cockpit floor; 22. Seat; 23. Test dummy; 24. Safety belt; 3. Multi-angle air hammer impact system; 31. Guide rail; 311. Running track; 32. Air hammer cavity; 33. Air hammer; 34. Impact plate; 35. Rotating shaft; 4. High-pressure air loading system; 41. Air compressor; 42. Air cannon; 51. First fixed column; 52. Second fixed column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1~Figure 3 As shown, the occupant injury test device in a simulated explosion impact environment of the present invention includes a base 1, a passenger compartment seat system 2, a multi-angle air hammer impact system 3 and a high-pressure air loading system 4.

[0026] The passenger compartment seat system 2 includes a cabin shell, a seat 22 , a test dummy 23 and a safety belt 24 .

[0027] The cabin shell includes a side shell 211, a rear shell 212 and a cabin bottom plate 213. The side shells 211 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides, the rear shell 212 and the cabin bottom plate 213 are arranged between the side shells 211 on the left and right sides, the rear shell 212 is located at the rear of the cabin shell, and the cabin bottom plate 213 is located at the bottom of the cabin shell. After the side shells 211, the rear shell 212 and the cabin bottom plate 213 on both sides are fixedly connected to each other, the cabin shell has a accommodating space with the front and the upper part open.

[0028] The test dummy 23 is used to simulate a real passenger. The seat 22 is arranged in the accommodation space of the cockpit shell, and the seat 22 is for the test dummy 23 to sit on. The safety belt 24 is used to restrain the test dummy 23 on the seat 22. In this embodiment, the safety belt 24 is respectively arranged on the rear shell 212 and the seat 22.

[0029] The passenger compartment seat system 2 is movably arranged on the base 1. Specifically, a first fixing column 51 is fixedly arranged on each side of the side shell 211, and a second fixing column 52 is arranged on the corresponding side of the base 1. The first fixing column 51 and the second fixing column 52 are at different heights. The test device also includes a spring connected to the first fixing column 51 and the second fixing column 52 at both ends. The spring can passively move the cabin shell relative to the base 1 by a certain distance under the premise of ensuring a certain connection strength between the cabin shell and the base 1, so as to ensure that the passenger compartment seat system 2 can move to a certain extent when it is impacted, which can more realistically simulate the state of the vehicle when it is impacted.

[0030] The passenger compartment seat system 2 has a load-bearing surface 2a. When the passenger compartment seat system 2 is subjected to an impact load, the impact load acts on the load-bearing surface 2a. In this embodiment, the load-bearing surface 2a is respectively the end surface of the rear shell 212 and the cabin bottom plate 213 facing the multi-angle air hammer impact system 2. The load-bearing surface 2a located on the rear shell 212 and the cabin bottom plate 213 can be a single plane or multiple planes arranged in sequence.

[0031] The multi-angle air hammer impact system 3 is used to apply impact loads to the passenger compartment seat system 2 from multiple angles. The multi-angle air hammer impact system 3 includes a guide rail 31, an air hammer cavity 32, an air hammer 33 and an impact plate 34.

[0032] The guide rail 31 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, and a running track 311 extending from front to rear and upward is arranged on the guide rail 31. Preferably, the running track 311 is an arc-shaped structure concave away from the passenger compartment seat system 2. In this embodiment, the running track 311 is an arc-shaped groove arranged on the guide rail 31.

[0033] The air hammer cavity 32 can be slidably arranged on the guide rail 31 along the length extension direction of the running track 311. An inlet for high-pressure gas is arranged at one end of the air hammer cavity 32, and the air hammer 33 can be slidably arranged at the other end of the air hammer cavity 32. The impact plate 34 is arranged on the air hammer 33. The air hammer 33 can slide relative to the air hammer cavity 32 under the action of the high-pressure gas in the air hammer cavity 32. When the air hammer 33 slides, it drives the impact plate 34 to slide synchronously relative to the air hammer cavity 32, so that the impact plate 34 is set to act on the load-bearing surface 2a of the passenger compartment seat system 2, and applies an impact load to the passenger compartment seat system 2. In addition to being used to install the air hammer 33, the air hammer cavity 32 can also ensure the stability of the impact direction of the air hammer 33.

[0034] The air hammer cavity 32 can be freely fixed at any position of the running track 311, so that the impact load can be simulated to act on the passenger compartment seat system 2 at different impact angles, such as simulating the horizontal impact load generated by a far-field explosion, the near-ground oblique impact load generated by a grenade explosion, and the vertical impact load generated by a shallow buried mine explosion. Figure 4 shown.

[0035] The impact plate 34 can be rotatably arranged on the air hammer 33. In this way, when the air hammer cavity 32 drives the air hammer 33 to slide to any position of the running track 311, the impact plate 34 can be rotated relative to the air hammer 33, so that the impact plate 34 is parallel to the load-bearing surface 2a, so that the load acting on the impact plate 34 can be effectively transferred to the load-bearing surface 2a.

[0036] The multi-angle air hammer impact system 3 further includes a rotating shaft 35, which is disposed on the air hammer cavity 32, and the rotating shaft 35 can be slidably disposed on the guide rail 31 along the length extension direction of the running track 311. By arranging the rotating shaft 35 between the air hammer cavity 32 and the running track 311, friction can be reduced, and it is more convenient for the air hammer cavity 32 to drive the air hammer 33 and the impact plate 34 to slide relative to the running track 311.

[0037] In this embodiment, the guide rails are respectively arranged on the left and right sides, the rotating shaft 35 extends in the left and right directions, and the left and right ends of the rotating shaft 35 are respectively slidably arranged in the running track 311 of the guide rail 31 on the corresponding side.

[0038] The high-pressure air loading system 4 includes an air compressor 41 and an air cannon 42 .

[0039] The air compressor 41 is used to inhale free air and pressurize it to generate high-pressure gas.

[0040] The air cannon 42 is used to store high-pressure gas. The air cannon 42 has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the air compressor 41 through a pipe 43, and the outlet is connected to one end of the air hammer cavity 32 through a pipe 43 to increase the high-pressure gas to the multi-angle air hammer impact system 3.

[0041] The test device also includes sensors installed at multiple body parts of the test dummy 23 and a high-speed camera for recording the test process.

[0042] Before the test begins, the air compressor 41 is controlled by the control system to pressurize the air sucked inside it, thereby generating high-pressure gas; and the high-pressure gas is transmitted to the air cannon 42 through the pipeline 43 to store the high-pressure gas and obtain initial impact energy.

[0043] When an impact test is required, the high-pressure gas in the air cannon 42 is transported to the air hammer cavity 32 of the multi-angle air hammer impact system 3 through the pipeline 43. The high-pressure air further drives the air hammer 33 to move at a high speed, and vertically impacts the load-bearing surface 2a of the passenger compartment seat system 2 through the impact plate 34. After being subjected to the impact load of the impact plate 34, the cockpit shell will move, thereby driving the seat 22 to move accordingly. The movement of the seat 22 further drives the test dummy 23 to move. After the test dummy 23 is separated from the seat 22, it will be restrained by the safety belt 24 and sit on the seat 22 again. In this way, one test condition is completed.

[0044] During the test, the test dummy 23 generally uses a customized test dummy. After the corresponding sensors are installed on various parts of the body according to the needs, they can be connected to different components according to the test needs to measure the movement state, force condition and compression deformation of the part when subjected to the impact load. For example, by arranging acceleration sensors, displacement sensors and strain gauges at designated positions, the outputs include: pelvic center of mass acceleration, head angular acceleration-head pitch motion; chest compression rate, abdomen: abdominal compression, impact velocity, impact force and AIC (the product of maximum impact velocity and maximum compression) and axial force of thighs and calves.

[0045] In addition, the speed can be calibrated and the motion process can be analyzed and recorded from different angles by a high-speed camera. The motion and force of the test dummy 23 and the deformation of the rear shell 312 and the cabin bottom plate 33 during the test can be recorded by video.

[0046] In addition, the rear shell 212, the cabin floor 213, the seat 22 and the safety belt 24 in the passenger compartment seat system 2 can all be replaced. While meeting the test of human body impact damage, different protective components such as the rear shell 212, the cabin floor 213, the seat 22 and the safety belt 24 can be replaced to conduct testing and research, thereby facilitating the guidance of the development and improvement research of related protective equipment or components.

[0047] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. They cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for occupant injury in a simulated explosion impact environment, characterized in that: It includes a base, a passenger compartment seat system movably arranged on the base, a multi-angle air hammer impact system for applying impact loads to the passenger compartment seat system from multiple angles, and a high-pressure air loading system for providing high-pressure gas to the multi-angle air hammer impact system. The multi-angle air hammer impact system includes a guide rail, an air hammer cavity, an air hammer and an impact plate fixedly arranged on the base, the guide rail has a running track extending from front to rear and upward, the air hammer cavity can be slidably arranged on the guide rail along the length extension direction of the running track, the high-pressure air loading system is connected to one end of the air hammer cavity, the air hammer can be slidably arranged at the other end of the air hammer cavity, the passenger compartment seat system has a load-bearing surface, the impact plate can be rotatably arranged on the air hammer so that the impact plate can rotate relative to the air hammer so that the impact plate is parallel to the load-bearing surface, and the impact plate can be abutted against the load-bearing surface under the action of the impact load.

2. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The running track is an arc-shaped structure that is concave in a direction away from the passenger compartment seat system.

3. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-angle air hammer impact system also includes a rotating shaft arranged on the air hammer cavity, and the rotating shaft can be slidably arranged on the guide rail along the length extension direction of the running track.

4. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The guide rails are respectively arranged on the left and right sides, the rotating shaft extends in the left and right directions, and the left and right end portions of the rotating shaft are respectively slidably arranged in the running track of the guide rail on the corresponding side.

5. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The passenger compartment seat system includes a cockpit shell, a seat arranged in the cockpit shell, a test dummy arranged on the seat, and a safety belt for restraining the test dummy on the seat. The cockpit shell is movably connected to the base, and the load-bearing surface is arranged on the cockpit shell.

6. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The cockpit shell includes side shells located on the left and right sides, a first fixing column is fixedly arranged on the side shell on each side, a second fixing column is arranged on the corresponding side of the base, the first fixing column and the second fixing column are at different height positions, and the test device also includes a spring whose two ends are respectively connected to the first fixing column and the second fixing column.

7. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The cockpit shell further comprises a rear shell at the rear and a cockpit floor at the bottom, and the load-bearing surfaces are end surfaces of the rear shell and the cockpit floor facing the multi-angle air hammer impact system.

8. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The rear shell, the cabin floor, the seat and the safety belt are all replaceable.

9. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure air loading system includes an air cannon fixedly arranged on the base, an air compressor connected to the inlet of the air cannon through a pipeline, and the outlet of the air cannon is connected to one end of the air hammer cavity through a pipeline.

10. The occupant injury test device under a simulated explosion impact environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes sensors respectively installed at multiple body parts of the test dummy, and / or the passenger compartment seat system includes a cockpit shell, and the test device also includes a high-speed camera for recording the movement of the dummy and the deformation of the cockpit shell during the test.

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