Method, device and computer equipment for establishing charging and swapping model

Abstract

The present application relates to a method, device, computer equipment, storage medium and computer program product for establishing a charge and discharge model. The method includes: constructing a correspondence between electricity price periods and working modes; calculating the power exchange demand in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period according to the power calculation strategy corresponding to the preset peak electricity price period; calculating the discharge power in the peak electricity price period according to the power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the power exchange demand in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period; calculating the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period according to the preset charging multiple and the preset battery pack rated capacity; establishing a charge and discharge model according to the discharge power in each peak electricity price period, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode. In this way, charging and discharging are performed according to the electricity price period according to the charge and discharge model, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to a method, device and computer equipment for establishing a charging and swapping model. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of electric vehicles, charging and swapping stations have emerged. Charging and swapping stations can eliminate the range anxiety of electric vehicles and promote green and low-carbon development.

[0003] Traditional charging and swapping stations have a charging system and a spare battery pack. The charging and swapping station provides battery swapping services for electric vehicles that enter the station randomly, and uses the fully charged battery pack in the spare battery pack to replace the battery pack of the electric vehicle, and divides the replaced battery pack into the battery pack to be charged in the spare battery pack, and charges the battery pack to be charged in the spare battery pack through the charging system. In this way, the problem of electric energy supply for electric vehicles can be solved.

[0004] However, the current charging system of the charging and swapping station charges the backup battery pack in a random manner, which is directly related to the battery swapping service time of the electric vehicle entering the station. Since the electricity price has a certain regularity and fluctuates according to time, the current charging system's method of charging the backup battery pack does not highly match the electricity price law. In addition, while the fully charged battery pack of the charging and swapping station is waiting for the electric vehicle to enter the station for battery swapping, the power of the fully charged battery pack is not used, resulting in low power utilization. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method, device, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product for establishing a charging and discharging model that can integrate the charging system and the discharging system in order to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for establishing a charge-discharge model. The method comprises:

[0007] Constructing a correspondence between electricity price periods and working modes; the working modes include a charging working mode and a discharging working mode;

[0008] According to the power calculation strategy corresponding to the preset peak electricity price period, the power required for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is calculated;

[0009] Calculate the discharge power in the peak electricity price period according to the electric power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the power required for battery replacement in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period;

[0010] Calculate the charging current during off-peak electricity price period and flat electricity price period according to the preset charging rate and the preset rated capacity of the battery pack;

[0011] A charge and discharge model is established according to the discharge power in each of the peak electricity price periods, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode.

[0012] In one embodiment, for each peak electricity price period, according to a preset energy calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period, calculating the required energy for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period includes:

[0013] For the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period, the target number of battery replacements within the time interval is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the preset number of battery replacements and time, and the battery replacement demand energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is determined based on the preset rated storage energy of the backup battery pack and the target number of battery replacements.

[0014] In one embodiment, the calculation of the discharge power in the peak electricity price period according to the electric power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the battery replacement demand electric energy in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period includes:

[0015] In the case that the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric energy is determined to be the maximum energy storage electric energy, and the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period is determined according to the battery replacement demand electric energy and the maximum energy storage electric energy; the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period;

[0016] In the case that the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric energy is determined to be the charging electric energy of the previous flat electricity price period; the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period is determined according to the battery replacement demand electric energy and the charging electric energy; the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, for each of the electricity price periods, for each of the peak electricity price periods, according to the preset energy calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period, before calculating the power exchange demand energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period, the method further includes:

[0018] Obtaining historical battery replacement data; the historical battery replacement data includes the number of battery replacements corresponding to each historical moment;

[0019] Determining a probability distribution function of a battery swap event based on the historical battery swap data;

[0020] The probability distribution function is integerized to obtain the corresponding relationship between the number of battery replacements and time.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a charge and discharge control method. The method comprises:

[0022] Obtaining the current time and determining the target electricity price period corresponding to the current time;

[0023] According to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model, determine the target working mode and target electricity parameters corresponding to the current time; the target electricity parameters include target discharge power or target charging current;

[0024] According to the target working mode and the target electrical parameter, the backup battery pack is charged and discharged under control;

[0025] Wherein, the charge and discharge model is determined by the method steps described in the first aspect.

[0026] In one embodiment, determining the target operating mode and target electrical parameters corresponding to the current time according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model includes:

[0027] In the case where the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be a discharge operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is a target discharge electrical power according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model;

[0028] When the electricity price period is a flat electricity price period or a valley electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be the charging operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is the target charging current according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model.

[0029] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a charge and discharge control system. The system includes a data management unit, a power management unit and a backup battery pack, wherein:

[0030] A data management unit, used for a time period and a pre-established charge and discharge model, to determine a target operating mode and a target electrical parameter corresponding to the current time; the target electrical parameter includes a target discharge electrical power or a target charging current;

[0031] A power management unit, configured to perform charge and discharge control processing on the backup battery pack according to the target operating mode and the target electrical parameters;

[0032] Wherein, the charge and discharge model is determined by the method steps described in the first aspect.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a device for establishing a charge-discharge model. The device comprises:

[0034] A construction module is used to construct a correspondence between electricity price periods and working modes;

[0035] The first calculation module is used to calculate the power demand for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period according to the preset power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period for each peak electricity price period;

[0036] A second calculation module is used to calculate the discharge electric power in the peak electricity price period according to the electric power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the power replacement demand electric energy in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period;

[0037] A third calculation module is used to calculate the charging current during the off-peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period according to a preset charging rate and a preset rated capacity of the battery pack;

[0038] The module is used to establish a charge-discharge model according to the discharge power in each peak electricity price period, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode.

[0039] In one embodiment, the first computing module is specifically used to:

[0040] For the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period, the target number of battery replacements within the time interval is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the preset number of battery replacements and time, and the battery replacement demand energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is determined based on the preset rated storage energy of the backup battery pack and the target number of battery replacements.

[0041] In one embodiment, the second computing module is specifically used to:

[0042] In the case that the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric energy is determined to be the maximum energy storage electric energy, and the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period is determined according to the battery replacement demand electric energy and the maximum energy storage electric energy; the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period;

[0043] In the case that the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric energy is determined to be the charging electric energy of the previous flat electricity price period; the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period is determined according to the battery replacement demand electric energy and the charging electric energy; the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period.

[0044] In one embodiment, the device further comprises:

[0045] An acquisition module, used to acquire historical battery replacement data; the historical battery replacement data includes the number of battery replacements corresponding to each historical moment;

[0046] A determination module, used to determine a probability distribution function of a battery swap event based on the historical battery swap data;

[0047] An integer processing module is used to perform integer processing on the probability distribution function to obtain the corresponding relationship between the number of battery replacements and time.

[0048] In a fifth aspect, the present application also provides a charge and discharge control device. The device comprises:

[0049] An acquisition module, used to acquire the current time and determine the target electricity price period corresponding to the current time;

[0050] A determination module, configured to determine a target operating mode and a target electrical parameter corresponding to the current time according to the target electricity price period and a pre-established charge and discharge model; the target electrical parameter includes a target discharge power or a target charging current;

[0051] A control module, used for performing charge and discharge control processing on the backup battery pack according to the target working mode and the target electrical parameters;

[0052] Wherein, the charge and discharge model is determined by the method steps described in the first aspect.

[0053] In one embodiment, the determining module is specifically used to:

[0054] In the case where the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be a discharge operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is a target discharge electrical power according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model;

[0055] When the electricity price period is a flat electricity price period or a valley electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be the charging operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is the target charging current according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model.

[0056] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer device, wherein the computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps described in the first aspect or the second aspect are implemented.

[0057] In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps described in the first aspect or the second aspect are implemented.

[0058] In a seventh aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, wherein the computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps described in the first aspect or the second aspect are implemented.

[0059] The above-mentioned charging and discharging model establishment method, device, computer equipment and storage medium construct a corresponding relationship between electricity price time periods and working modes; the working modes include charging working mode and discharging working mode; according to the electric energy calculation strategy corresponding to the preset peak electricity price time period, the battery replacement demand electric energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price time period is calculated; according to the electric power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price time period and the battery replacement demand electric energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price time period, the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price time period is calculated; according to the preset charging rate and the preset battery pack rated capacity, the charging current of the valley electricity price time period and the flat electricity price time period is calculated; the charging and discharging model is established according to the discharge electric power within each of the peak electricity price time periods, the charging current of the valley electricity price time period and the flat electricity price time period, and the corresponding relationship between the electricity price time period and the working mode. Through the above scheme, a charge-discharge model can be established that includes the discharge power in each of the peak electricity price periods, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode. Therefore, the charge-discharge model has the function of controlling the charge and discharge of the backup battery pack according to the electricity price period. Then, the method of controlling the charge and discharge of the backup battery pack according to the charge-discharge model is highly matched with the electricity price law. And the charge-discharge control method can feed back the excess electric energy to the power grid, improving the utilization rate of electric energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 An application environment diagram of a method for establishing a charge and discharge model in an embodiment;

[0061] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for establishing a charge and discharge model in an embodiment;

[0062] Figure 3A schematic diagram of a process flow for processing historical battery swap data in one embodiment;

[0063] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a method for controlling charging and discharging in one embodiment;

[0064] Figure 5 is an application environment diagram of a charge and discharge control method in another embodiment;

[0065] Figure 6 is a probability density function diagram of a battery replacement event in one embodiment;

[0066] Figure 7 is an interval probability distribution function diagram of a battery replacement event in one embodiment;

[0067] Figure 8 A histogram of the number of battery replacements and time in one embodiment;

[0068] Fig. 9 A diagram showing time-of-use electricity price and number of power replacements in one embodiment;

[0069] Fig.10 is a structural block diagram of a device for establishing a charge and discharge model in one embodiment;

[0070] Fig.11 is a structural block diagram of a charge and discharge control device in an embodiment;

[0071] Fig.12 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0073] The method for establishing a charge-discharge model provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a terminal, which can be a terminal with a function of establishing a charge-discharge model. The terminal can be, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a laptop computer, or other devices with data processing functions. In one example, the terminal can be a data management unit in a charge-discharge system. Figure 1As shown, it is a charging and discharging system application environment diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the charging and discharging system includes a data management unit 102, a power management unit 104 and a backup battery pack 106. Optionally, the data management unit 102 may be an energy management system (EMS), or a computer device including an energy management system and a power exchange management unit. The power management unit 104 may be a power conversion system (PCS). The backup battery pack 106 may be an electric vehicle battery pack. Among them, a set of electric vehicle battery packs is composed of one or more battery boxes. Each set of electric vehicle battery packs is the smallest unit for overall charging and discharging processing and power exchange. Optionally, the backup battery packs can be divided into three types according to their status: working battery packs, battery packs to be charged and fully charged battery packs. The working battery pack is a battery pack in a charging and discharging state, and each set of working battery packs is connected to a corresponding power conversion system. The battery pack to be charged is a battery pack replaced from an electric vehicle and is in a state of waiting for charging. A fully charged battery pack is a battery pack in a fully charged state. It is understandable that the working battery pack, the battery pack to be charged and the fully charged battery pack can be converted according to the state of the battery pack, and are not fixed to a certain type of battery pack. That is, when the battery pack to be charged is connected to the power management unit 104 and is to be charged and discharged, the battery pack to be charged is converted into a working battery pack; when the working battery pack is fully charged, the working battery pack is converted into a fully charged battery pack and is cut out from the power management unit 104 to replace the battery pack of the incoming vehicle.

[0074] The data management unit 102 is used to establish a charge-discharge model, and determine the working mode and electrical parameters of each electricity price period according to the charge-discharge model, wherein the electrical parameters are discharge power or charging current.

[0075] Multiple power management units 104 are used to receive the working mode and electrical parameters of each electricity price period, and control the corresponding backup battery pack 106 to charge or discharge according to the working mode and electrical parameters of each electricity price period. The communication interface of the data management unit 102, the communication interface of each power management unit 104, and the communication interface of each backup battery pack can be connected through a controller area network (CAN) bus. Each backup battery pack is connected to the DC side of the corresponding power management unit 104, and the AC sides of all power management units 104 are connected in parallel to the AC power grid. Figure 1 The power connection shown can be understood as discharge according to power control; the signal connection can be understood as signal transmission.

[0076] The data management unit 102 can be used to establish a correspondence between electricity price periods and working modes. The data management unit 102 calculates the discharge electric energy within the time interval corresponding to the preset peak electricity price period, and sends the discharge electric energy to the terminal. Then, the data management unit 102 calculates the discharge electric power corresponding to each peak electricity price period according to the discharge electric energy and the electric power calculation strategy of the preset peak electricity price period. The data management unit 102 calculates the charging current of the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period according to the preset charging multiple and the preset battery pack rated capacity. The data management unit 102 establishes a charge and discharge model based on the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode and the electrical parameters corresponding to each electricity price period.

[0077] Through the above scheme, a charge and discharge model is established, which includes the discharge power in each of the peak electricity price periods, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode. Therefore, the charge and discharge model has the function of controlling the charge and discharge of the backup battery pack according to the electricity price period. Then, the method of controlling the charge and discharge of the backup battery pack according to the charge and discharge model is highly matched with the electricity price law. And the charge and discharge control method can feed back the excess electric energy to the power grid, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy. Moreover, based on the above design method, while maintaining the original connection method of each battery box inside each set of electric vehicle battery pack, there is no need to charge and discharge each box of batteries independently, so that the multiple boxes of batteries used in each electric vehicle are in the same charge and discharge state and use conditions, thereby improving the performance consistency of multiple boxes of batteries.

[0078] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a method for establishing a charge and discharge model is provided, and the method is applied to a terminal as an example for explanation, including the following steps:

[0079] Step 202: construct a correspondence between electricity price periods and working modes.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal constructs a correspondence between a preset electricity price period and a working mode. The electricity price is divided according to the three price levels of the national industrial electricity time-of-use electricity price, including peak electricity price, flat electricity price and valley electricity price. Accordingly, the electricity consumption period is divided into multiple electricity price periods. The electricity price period is a period corresponding to the same continuous and unchanged electricity price, including a peak electricity price period, a flat electricity price period and a valley electricity price period. The working mode includes a charging working mode and a discharging working mode. The corresponding relationship includes that in the peak electricity price period, the working mode is the discharging working mode; in the flat electricity price period or the valley electricity price period, the working mode is the charging working mode.

[0081] Step 204, based on the power calculation strategy corresponding to the preset peak power price period, calculate the power required for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to the peak power price period.

[0082] Among them, the electric energy required for battery replacement is the electric energy required for electric vehicles to perform battery replacement services.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal may pre-store the correspondence between each electricity price period and the time interval, and preset the electric energy calculation strategy corresponding to each peak electricity price period. For each peak electricity price period, the terminal may determine the electric energy calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period according to the pre-stored correspondence between the peak electricity price period and the electric energy calculation strategy. The terminal may also determine the time interval corresponding to the electricity price period according to the correspondence between the electricity price period and the time interval.

[0084] Among them, the time interval is a time interval determined according to each electricity price period, and the battery swap demand energy within the time interval can meet the battery swap demand energy and the reserved battery swap demand energy of the current electricity price period. In the case where the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the corresponding time interval is the total time interval of the peak electricity price period plus the preset time length (such as one hour) of the next electricity price period starting from the start time; in the case where the electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, if the next electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, then the corresponding time interval is the total time interval of the flat electricity price period, the peak electricity price period and the next electricity price period of the peak electricity price period starting from the start time (such as one hour); in the case where the electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, if the next electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, then the corresponding time interval is the total time interval of the flat electricity price period plus the preset time length (such as one hour) of the next electricity price period starting from the start time; in the case where the electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, the corresponding time interval does not need to be considered.

[0085] The terminal calculates the power required for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period based on the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period and the power calculation strategy corresponding to each peak electricity price period.

[0086] Step 206, calculate the discharge electric power during the peak electricity price period according to the electric power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the battery replacement demand electric energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal obtains each peak electricity price period and determines the power calculation strategy within each peak electricity price period. Then, the terminal calculates the discharge power within each peak electricity price period according to the power calculation strategy corresponding to each peak electricity price period and the power required for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period.

[0088] Step 208, calculating the charging current during the off-peak electricity price period and the flat-peak electricity price period according to the preset charging multiple and the preset rated capacity of the battery pack.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal calculates the charging current during the off-peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period according to the preset charging rate and the preset rated capacity of the battery pack. Specifically, the product of the preset charging rate and the preset rated capacity of each battery pack can be calculated to obtain the charging current during the off-peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period. The calculation formula is shown in the following formula (1):

[0090] I=Q C ·C (1)

[0091] Among them, I is the charging current during the off-peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, Q C is the preset rated capacity of the battery pack, and C is the charge rate. Optionally, the charge rate can be 0.5C.

[0092] Step 210, a charge-discharge model is established according to the discharge power in each peak electricity price period, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal establishes a charge and discharge model according to the discharge power in each peak electricity price period, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode. That is, the charge and discharge model may include the correspondence between the electricity price period, the working mode, and the discharge power, and the correspondence between the electricity price period, the working mode, and the charging current. Optionally, the charge and discharge model may be a table, a data graph, or a function distribution model, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the form of the charge and discharge model.

[0094] In the method for establishing the above-mentioned charging and discharging model, the electric energy of the electricity price period can be calculated by the electric energy calculation strategy of the time interval corresponding to the electricity price period, and then the electric power of the electricity price period can be calculated according to the electric power calculation strategy of the corresponding electricity price period, and the corresponding relationship between the electricity price period and the electric power can be obtained. Finally, according to the corresponding relationship between the preset electricity price period and the working mode and the corresponding relationship between the electricity price period and the electric power, the charging and discharging model is established. Through the above scheme, a charging and discharging model including the discharge power in each peak electricity price period, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the corresponding relationship between the electricity price period and the working mode is established. Therefore, the charging and discharging model has the function of controlling the charging and discharging of the backup battery pack according to the electricity price period, so the method of controlling the charging and discharging of the backup battery pack according to the charging and discharging model is highly matched with the electricity price law. And the charging and discharging control method can feed back the excess electric energy to the power grid, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy.

[0095] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, step 204 includes:

[0096] For the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period, the target number of battery replacements within the time interval is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the preset number of battery replacements and time, and the battery replacement demand energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is determined based on the preset rated storage energy of the backup battery pack and the target number of battery replacements.

[0097] Among them, the target number of battery replacements corresponding to the time interval is the total number of battery replacements within the time interval.

[0098] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal obtains an electricity price period and determines the type of electricity price period. When the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the terminal obtains the relationship between the preset number of battery swaps and time for the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period, and calculates the target number of battery swaps corresponding to the time interval based on the corresponding relationship. Specifically, first determine the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period, obtain the number of battery swaps for each hour in the time interval, and then sum these battery swaps to obtain the target number of battery swaps corresponding to the time interval. As shown in the following formula (2):

[0099]

[0100] Among them, F z ′(t) is the target number of battery swaps corresponding to the time interval, t is time t, a is the start time of the time interval, b is the end time of the time interval, F z (t) is the preset number of battery replacements at time t.

[0101] Then, the terminal calculates the required power for battery replacement during the peak electricity price period based on the preset rated storage power of the backup battery pack and the target number of battery replacements. Specifically, the product of the preset rated storage power of the backup battery pack and the target number of battery replacements can be calculated to obtain the required power for battery replacement during the electricity price period. This is shown in the following formula (3):

[0102]

[0103] Among them, Q h is the power demand for battery replacement during the electricity price period, t is time t, a is the start time of the time interval, b is the end time of the time interval, and F z (t) is the preset number of battery replacements at time t, and E is the rated storage energy of each backup battery pack.

[0104] Optionally, the terminal calculates the residual power of the vehicle entering the station during the electricity price period according to the start time and end time corresponding to the electricity price period, the target number of battery replacements, the vehicle's charge state, and the preset rated storage power of each backup battery pack. Specifically, the calculation formula for the residual power of the vehicle entering the station during the electricity price period is shown in formula (4):

[0105]

[0106] Among them, Q s is the residual electric energy of vehicles entering the station during the electricity price period, a ′ is the starting time of the electricity price period, b ′ is the end time of the electricity price period, j is the number of battery replacements, F z (t) is the preset number of battery replacements at time t, SOC is the state of charge of a vehicle entering the station, and E is the rated storage energy of each backup battery pack.

[0107] The terminal calculates the remaining power during the peak electricity price period based on the residual power of the vehicles entering the station during the electricity price period and the reserved power. The reserved power is the power required for battery replacement for a preset duration (such as one hour) starting from the start time of the next electricity price period after the peak electricity price period. The calculation formula for the remaining power during the peak electricity price period is shown in the following formula (5):

[0108]

[0109] Among them, Q sy is the surplus power during the peak electricity price period, Q s is the residual power of vehicles entering the station during the peak electricity price period. It is the energy required for battery replacement for the preset duration (such as one hour) starting from the start time of the next electricity price period after the peak electricity price period. A is the start time of the preset duration of the next electricity price period after the peak electricity price period, and B is the end time of the preset duration of the next electricity price period after the peak electricity price period.

[0110] In this embodiment, the terminal calculates the power required for battery replacement within the electricity price period according to the power calculation strategy of the preset electricity price period, which provides data support for the subsequent data management unit to establish a charging and discharging model.

[0111] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, step 206 includes:

[0112] In the case that the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric energy is determined to be the maximum energy storage electric energy, and the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period is determined according to the battery replacement demand electric energy and the maximum energy storage electric energy; the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period; in the case that the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric energy is determined to be the charging electric energy of the previous flat electricity price period, and the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period is determined according to the battery replacement demand electric energy and the charging electric energy; the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period.

[0113] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal obtains the electricity price period and determines the type of the electricity price period. When the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the type of the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is determined and the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained. The terminal determines the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period based on the target electric energy and the electric energy required for battery replacement. Specifically, the difference between the maximum energy storage electric energy and the discharge electric energy can be calculated to obtain the discharge electric energy. As shown in the following formula (6):

[0114] Q w =Q m -Q h (6)

[0115] Among them, Q w is the discharge energy during the peak electricity price period, Q m is the target power during the peak electricity price period, Q h It is the electricity demand for battery replacement during peak electricity price periods.

[0116] When the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, the terminal determines that the target power corresponding to the peak electricity price period is the maximum energy storage power. The terminal determines the maximum energy storage power of the battery pack based on the number of backup battery packs and the rated storage power of each backup battery pack. Specifically, the product of the number of backup battery packs and the rated storage power of each backup battery pack can be calculated to obtain the maximum energy storage power of the battery pack. As shown in the following formula (7):

[0117] Q max =N·E (7)

[0118] Among them, Q max is the maximum energy storage capacity of the battery pack, N is the number of backup battery packs, and E is the rated storage capacity of each backup battery pack.

[0119] In the case where the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, the terminal determines that the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is the charging electric energy of the previous flat electricity price period. The terminal obtains the duration of the flat electricity price period, the preset charging rate, the preset number of power management units 104, and the number of backup battery packs to determine the charging electric energy. Specifically, the product of the duration of the flat electricity price period, the preset charging rate, the preset number of power management units 104, and the number of backup battery packs can be calculated to obtain the charging electric energy. As shown in the following formula (8):

[0120] Q C =m·t·E·C (8)

[0121] Among them, Q Cis the charging power, m is the number of power management units 104, t is the duration of the electricity price period, and C is the charging rate. Optionally, the charging rate may be 0.5C.

[0122] Then, the terminal obtains the duration of the peak electricity price period, and obtains the discharge power according to the discharge power of the peak electricity price period, the duration of the peak electricity price period and the preset discharge power calculation formula. Specifically, the quotient of the discharge power and the duration of the peak electricity price period can be calculated to obtain the total discharge power controlled by all power management units. Then, the quotient of the total discharge power and the number of power management units is calculated to obtain the discharge power controlled by each power management unit. As shown in the following formula (9):

[0123]

[0124] Among them, P w is the discharge power, Q w is the discharge energy, t w is the duration of the electricity price period, and m is the number of power management units 104 .

[0125] In this embodiment, the energy management unit 104 calculates the discharge power in the peak electricity price period according to the power calculation strategy in the peak electricity price period and the power required for battery replacement in the electricity price period, providing data support for the data management unit to establish a charge and discharge model.

[0126] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, before step 204, the following steps are also included:

[0127] Step 302, obtain historical battery replacement data.

[0128] Among them, the historical battery replacement data includes the number of battery replacements corresponding to each historical moment. The historical battery replacement data can be the number of battery replacements corresponding to each historical moment of an electric vehicle with closed-loop operation characteristics. The closed-loop operation characteristics refer to the regularity and closed-loop nature of the routes of the electric vehicle's operation. Optionally, the electric vehicle with closed-loop operation characteristics can be a logistics electric vehicle and a public electric vehicle, etc.

[0129] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal obtains historical battery replacement data.

[0130] Step 304, determine the probability distribution function of the battery replacement event based on historical battery replacement data.

[0131] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal regards a battery swap as an independent event, and constructs a probability density function of the battery swap event according to the number of battery swaps corresponding to each historical moment. The terminal integrates and sums the probability density function of the battery swap event to obtain the probability distribution function of the battery swap event.

[0132] Among them, the probability density function expression of the battery swap event is shown in formula (10), and the probability distribution function of the battery swap event is shown in formula (11):

[0133]

[0134] Among them, f i (t) is the probability density of battery replacement event at time t, σ i is the standard deviation of the battery swap event, μ i is the variance of the battery swap event, t is the time instant, i is the number of battery swap events, and n is the total number of battery swaps.

[0135] Specifically, the terminal first determines the time interval corresponding to the electricity price period, and then calculates the integral of the probability density function of the battery swap event in a certain hour within the time interval to obtain the estimated number of battery swaps for each vehicle in a certain hour; the total number of vehicles is determined, and the sum of the estimated number of battery swaps for each vehicle in the certain hour can be calculated to obtain the estimated total number of battery swaps for all vehicles in a certain hour, and the total estimated number of battery swaps for all vehicles in the certain hour is used as the estimated number of battery swaps at the hour. This is shown in the following formula (11):

[0136]

[0137] Where F(t) is the estimated number of battery swaps at time t, n is the total number of vehicles, i is the number of battery swap events, and f i (t) is the probability density of the battery replacement event occurring at time t, and t is the time t.

[0138] Step 306, integerize the probability distribution function to obtain the corresponding relationship between the number of battery replacements and time.

[0139] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal performs integer processing on the probability distribution function to obtain the corresponding relationship between the number of battery swaps and time. Specifically, the minimum integer that is not less than the function value of the probability distribution function at each moment can be calculated, and the minimum integer obtained is the number of battery swaps at each moment, thereby obtaining the corresponding relationship between the number of battery swaps and time. As shown in the following formula (12):

[0140] F z (t) = {F(t)} (12)

[0141] Among them, F z (t) is the preset number of battery replacements at time t, {F(t)} is the minimum integer not less than F(t), and F(t) is the estimated number of battery replacements at time t.

[0142] In this embodiment, the terminal obtains historical battery swap data to determine the probability distribution function of the battery swap event and performs integer processing on it, thereby obtaining the corresponding relationship between the number of battery swaps and time. In this way, the corresponding relationship between the number of battery swaps and time per day at the charging and swapping station can be predicted in actual applications, and then the charging and discharging can be controlled in an orderly manner according to the corresponding relationship, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy.

[0143] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a charge and discharge control method is provided, which is applied to Figure 1 The charging and discharging system in FIG. 1 is taken as an example to illustrate, and the following steps are included:

[0144] Step 402, obtaining the current time, and determining the target electricity price period corresponding to the current time.

[0145] Among them, the electricity price is divided into three price levels according to the national industrial electricity time-of-use electricity price, including peak electricity price, flat electricity price and valley electricity price. Accordingly, the electricity consumption period is divided into multiple electricity price periods. The electricity price period is the period corresponding to the same electricity price continuously unchanged, including peak electricity price period, flat electricity price period and valley electricity price period.

[0146] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal obtains the current time, determines the electricity price period corresponding to the current time, and uses the electricity price period corresponding to the current time as the target electricity price period corresponding to the current time.

[0147] Step 404, determining a target operating mode and target electrical parameters corresponding to the current time according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model;

[0148] The target electrical parameters include target discharge electrical power or target charging current;

[0149] The working mode includes a charging working mode and a discharging working mode.

[0150] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal obtains the correspondence between the electricity price period, the working mode, and the discharge power, and the correspondence between the electricity price period, the working mode, and the charging current according to the pre-established charging and discharging model. The terminal determines the target working mode and target electrical parameters corresponding to the target electricity price period according to the above correspondence.

[0151] Step 406, performing charge and discharge control processing on the backup battery pack according to the target working mode and the target electrical parameters.

[0152] Among them, the spare battery packs are divided into three types according to their status: working battery packs, battery packs to be charged, and fully charged battery packs. Working battery packs are battery packs in the charging and discharging state, and each set of working battery packs is connected to the corresponding power conversion system. Battery packs to be charged are battery packs replaced from electric vehicles and are in the state of waiting to be charged. Fully charged battery packs are battery packs in the fully charged state.

[0153] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal sends the target working mode and the target electrical parameters to the power management unit 104. The power management unit 104 receives the target working mode and the target electrical parameters, and performs charge and discharge control processing on the backup battery pack according to the target electrical parameters.

[0154] In this embodiment, the charge and discharge control method of the present application determines the target working mode and target electrical parameters corresponding to the current time through the terminal and sends them to the power management unit 104. In the charging working mode, the power management unit 104 controls the power grid to charge the working battery pack 106 according to the charging current; in the discharging working mode, the power management unit 104 controls the working battery pack 106 to discharge the power grid according to the discharging power. In this way, when the charge and discharge control method of the present application transmits electric energy, the power grid and the working battery pack directly transmit electric energy, reducing the loss of electric energy during the transmission process.

[0155] In one embodiment, step 404 includes:

[0156] When the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be the discharge operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is the target discharge electric power according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model; when the electricity price period is a flat electricity price period or a valley electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be the charging operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is the target charging current according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model.

[0157] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal obtains the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode and the discharge electric power and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode and the charging current according to the pre-established charging and discharging model. The terminal determines the target working mode and target electric parameter corresponding to the current time according to the above correspondence and the target electricity price period. When the electricity price period corresponding to the time interval is the peak electricity price period, the target working mode is the discharge working mode and the target electric parameter is the discharge electric power; when the electricity price period corresponding to the time interval is the flat electricity price period or the valley electricity price period, the target working mode is the charging working mode and the target electric parameter is the charging current. The terminal sends the target working mode and the target electric parameter to the power management unit 104. When the target working mode is the discharge working mode and the target electric parameter is the discharge electric power, the power management unit 104 controls the battery pack to discharge according to the discharge electric power; when the target working mode is the charging working mode and the target electric parameter is the charging current, the power management unit 104 controls the battery pack to charge according to the charging current.

[0158] In this embodiment, the terminal determines the target working mode and target electrical parameters corresponding to the current time according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charging and discharging model and sends them to the power management unit 104. In this way, the charging and discharging control method of the present application can perform different working modes in different electricity price periods, and can realize both discharging and charging in the same system. Then, the method of controlling the charging and discharging of the backup battery pack by the charging and discharging control system is highly matched with the electricity price law. In addition, the charging and discharging control method can feed back the excess electric energy to the power grid, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy.

[0159] In one embodiment, the present application embodiment provides an example of a charge and discharge control method, the specific contents are as follows: Based on the present application embodiment, a set of Figure 5 The structural diagram of the charging and discharging system shown in FIG. 1 shows a terminal including a battery replacement management unit and an energy management system (EMS), and the power management unit 104 is a power conversion system (PCS).

[0160] During the charging model establishment phase, the battery swap management unit obtains historical battery swap data. The historical battery swap data takes the working scenario of 40 electric vehicles as an example: the battery needs to be swapped three to four times a day, at around 10:00, 14:00, 19:00, and 23:00, with a total of 110 battery swaps.

[0161] The battery swap management unit regards a battery swap as an independent event and constructs the probability density function of the battery swap event based on the number of battery swaps corresponding to 10 o'clock, 14 o'clock, 19 o'clock and 23 o'clock.

[0162] Among them, the probability density function expression of the battery replacement event is shown in formula (13).

[0163]

[0164] Among them, f i (t) is the probability density of battery replacement event at time t, σ i is the standard deviation of the battery swap event, μ i is the variance of the battery swap event, t is the time instant, and i is the number of battery swap events.

[0165] The battery swap management unit obtains the following probability density function based on the battery swap event: Figure 6 The probability density function graph of battery swap events is shown. The battery swap management unit integrates and sums the probability density function of the battery swap event to obtain the probability distribution function of the battery swap event. Specifically, the terminal first determines that the time interval corresponding to the electricity price period is from 0:00 to 23:00, and then calculates the integral of the probability density function of the battery swap event in a certain hour from 0:00 to 23:00 to obtain the estimated number of battery swaps for each vehicle in a certain hour; to determine the total number of vehicles, the sum of the estimated number of battery swaps for each vehicle in the certain hour can be calculated to obtain the estimated total number of battery swaps for all vehicles in a certain hour, and the total estimated number of battery swaps for all vehicles in the certain hour is used as the estimated number of battery swaps at the hour. As shown in the following formula (14):

[0166]

[0167] Where F(t) is the estimated number of battery replacements at time t, f i (t) is the probability density of the battery swap event at time t, and t is the time t. The battery swap management unit obtains the following according to the probability distribution function of the battery swap event: Figure 7 The battery swap event probability distribution function diagram is shown. The battery swap management unit integerizes the probability distribution function to obtain the corresponding relationship between the number of battery swaps and time. Specifically, the minimum integer that is not less than the function value of the probability distribution function at each moment can be calculated, and the minimum integer obtained is the number of battery swaps at each moment, thereby obtaining the corresponding relationship between the number of battery swaps and time. As shown in the following formula (12):

[0168] F z (t) = {F(t)} (12)

[0169] Among them, F z (t) is the preset number of battery replacements at time t, and {F(t)} is the minimum integer not less than F(t).

[0170] The battery swap management unit obtains the following information based on the corresponding relationship between the number of battery swaps and time: Figure 8 The battery swap management unit compares the time-sharing electricity price chart with the preset battery swap times and time. Figure 8 Merge and place them in the same coordinate system, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0171] The battery replacement management unit is based on Fig. 9 , obtain the electricity price period, and obtain the corresponding time interval according to the time interval corresponding to the preset electricity price period. Then, the battery swap management unit calculates the required power for battery swapping according to the time interval, the preset rated storage power of each backup battery pack and the power calculation formula.

[0172] correspond Fig. 9 The electricity price period shown in the figure and the formula (3) are used to obtain the power demand for battery replacement in each electricity price period as shown in Table 1 below.

[0173]

[0174]

[0175] Table 1

[0176] The battery swap management unit obtains the electricity price period and determines the corresponding electricity price period. When the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the battery swap management unit obtains the target electric energy of the peak electricity price period, and calculates the discharge electric energy of the peak electricity price period based on the battery swap demand electric energy and the target electric energy.

[0177] According to Table 1, formula (6), formula (7) and formula (8), the discharge power during the peak electricity price period is obtained as shown in Table 2 below.

[0178] Electricity price period Discharge energy 8-12 o'clock The first peak electricity price period <![CDATA[Q w1 =Q m -Q h1 =Q max -Q h1 =N·E-Q h1 ]]> 17:00-21:00 The second peak electricity price period <![CDATA[Q w2 =Q m -Q h3 =Q C -Q h3 =m·t·E·C-Q h3 ]]>

[0179] Table 2

[0180] Among them, Q w1 is the discharge energy during the first peak electricity price period, Q h1 is the power demand for battery replacement during the first peak electricity price period, Q w2 is the discharge energy during the second peak electricity price period, Q h3 It is the electricity demanded for battery replacement during the second peak electricity price period.

[0181] Optionally, according to Table 2, Formula (4), and Formula (5), the remaining electric energy during the peak electricity price period as shown in Table 3 below is obtained.

[0182]

[0183] Table 3

[0184] The battery swap management unit sends the discharged electric energy of each electricity price period to the energy management system. The energy management system obtains the electricity price period and determines the type of electricity price period, and obtains the duration corresponding to each electricity price period and the electric power calculation formula. Then, the energy management system calculates the corresponding discharge electric power according to the electricity price duration corresponding to the corresponding discharge electric energy and the corresponding electric power calculation formula.

[0185] According to Table 2 and formula (9), the electric power in each peak electricity price period is obtained as shown in the following 4.

[0186]

[0187] Table 4

[0188] The energy management system calculates the charging current during the off-peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period according to the preset charging rate and the preset rated capacity of the battery pack. Specifically, the product of the preset charging rate and the preset rated capacity of the battery pack can be calculated to obtain the charging current during the off-peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period. Optionally, the charging rate is 0.5C.

[0189] According to Table 1 and formula (1), the charging current for each electricity price period is obtained as shown in Table 5 below.

[0190] Electricity price period Charging Current 12-17 hours The first flat electricity price period <![CDATA[I=Q C ·C=0.5Q C ]]> 21:00-24:00 (or 0:00) The second flat electricity price period <![CDATA[I=Q C ·C=0.5Q C ]]> 0-8 o'clock Low electricity price period <![CDATA[I=Q C ·C=0.5Q C ]]>

[0191] Table 5

[0192] The energy management system establishes a charging and discharging model based on the electrical parameters corresponding to each electricity price period and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode.

[0193] Optionally, any form that can represent the electric power corresponding to each electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode can be applied to the embodiments of the present application, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited.

[0194] Here, Table 6 is used to show the electric power corresponding to each electricity rate period and the correspondence between the electricity rate period and the operation mode.

[0195]

[0196]

[0197] Table 6

[0198] In actual application, the energy management system obtains the current time, determines the electricity price period corresponding to the current time, and takes the electricity price period corresponding to the current time as the target electricity price period corresponding to the current time. Then,

[0199] The energy management system obtains the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode and electrical parameters based on the pre-established charging and discharging model. Then, the energy management system determines the target working mode and target electrical parameters corresponding to the current time based on the correspondence and the target electricity price period, and sends the target working mode and target electrical parameters to the power conversion system. The power conversion system determines the target working mode and target electrical parameters. At 8-12 o'clock, the target working mode is the discharge working mode, and the target electrical parameters are the discharge electrical power. The power conversion system controls the working battery pack according to P w1 Discharge; at 12-17 o'clock, the target working mode is the charging working mode, and the target electrical parameter is the charging current I = Q C C = 0.5Q C , the power conversion system controls the working battery pack to charge according to I; at 17-21, the target working mode is the discharge working mode, and the target electrical parameter is the discharge electrical power The power conversion system controls the working battery pack according to P w2 Discharge; at 21-24, the target working mode is the charging working mode, and the target electrical parameter is the charging current I = Q C C = 0.5Q C , the power conversion system controls the working battery pack to charge according to I; at 0-8, the target working mode is the charging working mode, and the target electrical parameter is the charging current I=Q C C = 0.5Q C , the power conversion system controls the working battery pack to charge according to I.

[0200] In practical applications, the number m of power conversion systems and the number N of backup battery packs are further limited.

[0201] During the period from 12:00 to 17:00, the electricity price period is the first flat-segment electricity price period, and the power conversion system needs to control the working battery pack to charge. The power demand for battery replacement at this time is Since the charging rate is 0.5C, the minimum charging energy is The maximum charging energy is 5 hours, all power conversion systems are under control for charging, that is, the maximum charging energy is Thanks to Q cmin ≤Q cmax , which can be organized as shown in the following formula (15).

[0202]

[0203] At 21:00-24:00, this electricity price period is the second flat electricity price period. The power demand for battery replacement at this time is Since the charging rate is 0.5C, the working battery pack can be fully charged in no more than 2 hours, and the charging time at 23-1 is 2 hours. Therefore, the number of power conversion systems is shown in the following formula (16).

[0204] m=max[F z (23), F z (24), F z (1)] (16)

[0205] During the period from 0 to 8 o'clock, the electricity price period is a flat electricity price period. At 8 o'clock, the power conversion system must ensure that all backup battery packs are fully charged. Since the charging rate is 0.5C and the time is 8 hours, the number of power conversion systems m and the number of backup battery packs N are as shown in the following formula (17).

[0206]

[0207] Therefore, the number m of power conversion systems and the number N of backup battery packs must satisfy formulas (15) to (17) at the same time.

[0208] It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0209] In this embodiment, the battery exchange management unit obtains and organizes historical battery exchange data and calculates the charging and discharging electric energy of each electricity price period. The energy management system receives the charging and discharging electric energy of each electricity price period and determines it to obtain the corresponding target operating mode and target electric power. The power conversion system receives the target operating mode and target electric power, and controls the charging and discharging of the working battery pack according to the target mode and target electric power. In this way, charging and discharging are both realized in one system, that is, the energy storage system and the battery exchange system are integrated. It can be understood that when charging, the power grid directly transmits electric energy to the working battery pack; when discharging, the working battery pack also directly discharges to the power grid; and the charging working battery pack and the discharging working battery pack are the same set of working battery packs. Then, the working battery pack realizes the functions of battery exchange and energy storage at the same time, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy.

[0210] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a device for establishing a charge-discharge model for implementing the method for establishing a charge-discharge model involved above. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above method, so the specific limitations in the embodiments of one or more charge-discharge model establishment devices provided below can refer to the limitations of the charge-discharge model establishment method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0211] In one embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, a device for establishing a charge and discharge model is provided, comprising:

[0212] A construction module 1002 is used to construct a correspondence between electricity price periods and working modes;

[0213] The first calculation module 1004 is used to calculate the power demand for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to the peak power price period according to the power calculation strategy corresponding to the preset peak power price period for each peak power price period;

[0214] The second calculation module 1006 is used to calculate the discharge power in the peak electricity price period according to the power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the power replacement demand in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period;

[0215] The third calculation module 1008 is used to calculate the charging current in the off-peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period according to the preset charging rate and the preset rated capacity of the battery pack;

[0216] The establishment module 1010 is used to establish a charge-discharge model according to the discharge power in each peak electricity price period, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode.

[0217] In one embodiment, the first calculation module 1004 is specifically configured to:

[0218] For the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period, the target number of battery replacements within the time interval is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the preset number of battery replacements and time, and the battery replacement demand energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is determined based on the preset rated storage energy of the backup battery pack and the target number of battery replacements.

[0219] In one embodiment, the second calculation module 1006 is specifically configured to:

[0220] In the case that the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric energy is determined to be the maximum energy storage electric energy, and the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period is determined according to the power exchange demand electric energy and the maximum energy storage electric energy; the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period;

[0221] When the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric energy is determined to be the charging electric energy of the previous flat electricity price period. The discharge electric energy of the electricity price period is determined based on the battery replacement demand electric energy and the charging electric energy; the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period is determined based on the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period.

[0222] In one embodiment, the device for establishing the charge and discharge model further includes:

[0223] An acquisition module is used to acquire historical battery replacement data; the historical battery replacement data includes the number of battery replacements corresponding to each historical moment;

[0224] A determination module, used to determine the probability distribution function of the battery swap event based on historical battery swap data;

[0225] The integer processing module is used to perform integer processing on the probability distribution function to obtain the corresponding relationship between the number of battery replacements and time.

[0226] In one embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, a charge and discharge control device is provided, comprising: an acquisition module, a determination module and a control module, wherein:

[0227] The acquisition module 1102 is used to acquire the current time and determine the target electricity price period corresponding to the current time;

[0228] The determination module 1104 is used to determine the target working mode and target electrical parameters corresponding to the current time according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model; the target electrical parameters include the target discharge power or the target charging current;

[0229] The control module 1106 is used to control the charge and discharge of the backup battery pack according to the target working mode and the target electrical parameters;

[0230] The charge and discharge model is determined by the above-mentioned charge and discharge model establishment method steps.

[0231] In one embodiment, the determination module is specifically configured to:

[0232] When the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be the discharge operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is the target discharge electrical power according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model;

[0233] When the electricity price period is a flat electricity price period or a valley electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be the charging operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is determined to be the target charging current according to the target electricity price period and a pre-established charge and discharge model.

[0234] Each module in the above-mentioned charge and discharge control device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and a combination thereof. Each of the above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory in the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each of the above modules.

[0235] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Fig.12 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for establishing a charge and discharge model is implemented. The display screen of the computer device can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, or a button, a trackball or a touch pad set on the computer device housing, or an external keyboard, touch pad or mouse, etc.

[0236] Those skilled in the art will understand that Fig.12 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0237] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0238] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0239] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0240] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0241] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0242] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0243] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for establishing a charge and discharge model, It is characterized in that The method comprises: Constructing a correspondence between electricity price periods and working modes; the working modes include a charging working mode and a discharging working mode; According to the power calculation strategy corresponding to the preset peak electricity price period, the power required for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is calculated; Calculate the discharge power in the peak electricity price period according to the electric power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the power required for battery replacement in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period; Calculate the charging current during off-peak electricity price period and flat electricity price period according to the preset charging rate and the preset rated capacity of the battery pack; Establishing a charge-discharge model according to the discharge power in each of the peak electricity price periods, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode; Among them, the discharge electric power in the peak electricity price period is calculated according to the electric power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the battery exchange demand electric power in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period, including: when the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, the target electric power corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric power is determined to be the maximum energy storage electric power, and the discharge electric power of the electricity price period is determined according to the battery exchange demand electric power and the maximum energy storage electric power; the discharge electric power in the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric power and the duration of the peak electricity price period; when the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, the target electric power corresponding to the peak electricity price period is obtained, and the corresponding target electric power is determined to be the charging electric power of the previous flat electricity price period, and the discharge electric power of the electricity price period is determined according to the battery exchange demand electric power and the charging electric power; the discharge electric power in the peak electricity price period is determined according to the discharge electric power and the duration of the peak electricity price period.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that For each peak electricity price period, according to the preset energy calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period, the energy required for battery replacement in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is calculated, including: For the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period, the target number of battery replacements within the time interval is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the preset number of battery replacements and time, and the battery replacement demand energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is determined based on the preset rated storage energy of the backup battery pack and the target number of battery replacements.

3. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that For each peak electricity price period, according to the preset energy calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period, before calculating the power replacement demand energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period, it also includes: Obtaining historical battery replacement data; the historical battery replacement data includes the number of battery replacements corresponding to each historical moment; Determining a probability distribution function of a battery swap event based on the historical battery swap data; The probability distribution function is integerized to obtain the corresponding relationship between the number of battery replacements and time.

4. A method for controlling charging and discharging, It is characterized in that The method comprises: Obtaining the current time and determining the target electricity price period corresponding to the current time; According to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model, determine the target working mode and target electricity parameters corresponding to the current time; the target electricity parameters include target discharge power or target charging current; According to the target working mode and the target electrical parameter, the backup battery pack is charged and discharged under control; Wherein, the charge and discharge model is determined by the method for establishing the charge and discharge model according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The step of determining the target operating mode and target electrical parameters corresponding to the current time according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model includes: In the case where the electricity price period is a peak electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be a discharge operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is a target discharge electrical power according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model; When the electricity price period is a flat electricity price period or a valley electricity price period, the target operating mode corresponding to the current time is determined to be the charging operating mode, and the target electrical parameter is the target charging current according to the target electricity price period and the pre-established charge and discharge model.

6. A charge and discharge control system, It is characterized in that The system comprises a data management unit, a power management unit and a backup battery pack, wherein: A data management unit, used to obtain the current time and determine the target electricity price period corresponding to the current time; determine the target working mode and target electricity parameters corresponding to the current time according to the target electricity price period and a pre-established charge and discharge model; the target electricity parameters include target discharge power or target charging current; A power management unit, configured to perform charge and discharge control processing on the backup battery pack according to the target operating mode and the target electrical parameters; Wherein, the charge and discharge model is determined by the method for establishing the charge and discharge model according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. A device for establishing a charge and discharge model, It is characterized in that The device comprises: A construction module is used to construct a correspondence between electricity price periods and working modes; The first calculation module is used to calculate the power demand for battery replacement within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period according to the preset power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period for each peak electricity price period; A second calculation module is used to calculate the discharge electric power in the peak electricity price period according to the electric power calculation strategy corresponding to the peak electricity price period and the power replacement demand electric energy in the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period; A third calculation module is used to calculate the charging current during the off-peak electricity price period and the flat electricity price period according to a preset charging rate and a preset rated capacity of the battery pack; An establishment module is used to establish a charge-discharge model according to the discharge power in each of the peak electricity price periods, the charging current in the valley electricity price period and the flat electricity price period, and the correspondence between the electricity price period and the working mode; Among them, the second calculation module is specifically used to: when the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a valley electricity price period, obtain the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period, and determine the corresponding target electric energy as the maximum energy storage electric energy, and determine the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period according to the battery replacement demand electric energy and the maximum energy storage electric energy; determine the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period; when the previous electricity price period of the peak electricity price period is a flat electricity price period, obtain the target electric energy corresponding to the peak electricity price period, and determine the corresponding target electric energy as the charging electric energy of the previous flat electricity price period, and determine the discharge electric energy of the electricity price period according to the battery replacement demand electric energy and the charging electric energy; determine the discharge electric power within the peak electricity price period according to the discharge electric energy and the duration of the peak electricity price period.

8. The device according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The first calculation module is specifically used for: For the time interval corresponding to each peak electricity price period, the target number of battery replacements within the time interval is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the preset number of battery replacements and time, and the battery replacement demand energy within the time interval corresponding to the peak electricity price period is determined based on the preset rated storage energy of the backup battery pack and the target number of battery replacements.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program. It is characterized in that When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 4 to 5 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, It is characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 4 to 5 are implemented.

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