Electrically excited synchronous machine with multi-excitation tooth non-overlapping winding stator structure

Abstract

This invention relates to an electrically excited synchronous motor with a multi-excitation tooth non-overlapping winding stator structure, comprising a stator module and a rotor module. The stator module includes a stator core, an excitation winding, and an armature winding. Multiple excitation teeth and multiple armature teeth are arranged circumferentially around the stator core, with every two excitation teeth and every two armature teeth arranged alternately. Every two adjacent excitation teeth form a V-shaped or Y-shaped structure. The excitation winding includes multiple sets of excitation coils, each coil wound across two adjacent excitation teeth. The armature winding includes multiple sets of armature coils wound on each armature tooth, with every two sets of armature coils forming the same phase. The rotor module includes a rotor core and a shaft located within the rotor core. This motor, based on high sinusoidal induced electromotive force per phase, high sinusoidal flux linkage per phase, and excellent magnetic tuning performance, employs a non-overlapping winding and multi-excitation tooth structure, which effectively reduces motor copper losses and improves motor torque and power density.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of motor manufacturing, in particular to an electrically excited synchronous motor with a stator structure of non-overlapping winding and multiple excitation teeth. BACKGROUND

[0002] The 21st century is the century of energy. With the intensification of global environmental changes, the shortage of fossil fuel resources and the increasing seriousness of environmental pollution, how to use clean and efficient energy to serve production and life has become a problem that people urgently need to solve. Electricity is recognized as the cleanest and safest energy in the 21st century. Therefore, with the rapid development of China's economy, higher and higher requirements for motor performance have been put forward in various industries.

[0003] Since the 1990s of last century, due to the rapid development of rare earth permanent magnet materials, the performance of permanent magnet materials has been greatly improved. A new type of motor structure, stator permanent magnet brushless motor structure, has emerged from the crowd. It has high torque density, power density and efficiency, but also has some shortcomings: (1) the price and supply uncertainty of permanent magnet materials (neodymium iron boron, etc.); (2) irreversible demagnetization of permanent magnets in harsh environments such as high temperature and severe vibration, affecting motor performance; (3) permanent magnets increase the difficulty and cost of motor processing and manufacturing, and also reduce the mechanical strength of the motor; (4) due to the influence of permanent magnets, it is difficult to adjust the air gap flux of the motor, and it cannot be used in some special occasions that require magnetic flux regulation and speed regulation performance. Based on the above reasons, stator electrically excited brushless motors have received more and more attention and research in recent years.

[0004] Stator electrically excited brushless motors have the same advantages as stator permanent magnet brushless motors, such as brushless, maintenance-free, easy to dissipate heat and suitable for high-speed operation. At the same time, it avoids the risk of irreversible demagnetization of permanent magnets, has excellent magnetic flux regulation performance, and is widely concerned in the fields of aerospace, new energy vehicles and wind power generation. However, the torque density and power density of traditional stator electrically excited brushless motors are lower than those of stator permanent magnet brushless motors of the same structure, and the excitation winding increases the copper loss of the motor, reducing the efficiency of the motor. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to use effective methods to improve the torque and power density of stator electrically excited brushless motors and improve the operating efficiency of the motor. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art and provide an electrically excited synchronous motor with a stator structure of non-overlapping winding and multiple excitation teeth. Based on high sinusoidal per-phase induced electromotive force, high sinusoidal per-phase flux linkage and excellent magnetic flux regulation performance, the motor adopts a non-overlapping winding and multiple excitation tooth structure, which can effectively reduce the copper loss of the motor and improve the torque and power density of the motor.

[0006] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The electrically excited synchronous motor with the multiple excitation tooth non-overlapping winding stator structure comprises a stator module and a rotor module, the stator module comprises a stator core, an excitation winding and an armature winding, the stator core is a salient pole structure, a plurality of excitation teeth and a plurality of armature teeth are arranged around the stator core, every two excitation teeth and every two armature teeth are alternately arranged, every two adjacent excitation teeth form a group to constitute a V-shaped structure or a Y-shaped structure, the excitation winding comprises a plurality of excitation coils, each excitation coil is wound across two adjacent excitation teeth, the armature winding comprises a plurality of armature coils wound on each armature tooth, every two groups of armature coils constitute the same phase, and the rotor module comprises a rotor core and a rotating shaft in the rotor core.

[0008] According to the technical scheme, preferably, the excitation winding and the armature winding are non-overlapping windings.

[0009] According to the technical scheme, preferably, the excitation winding and the armature winding are non-overlapping windings.

[0010] According to the technical scheme, preferably, the stator core is provided with six excitation teeth and six armature teeth.

[0011] According to the technical scheme, preferably, the excitation winding and the armature winding are non-overlapping windings.

[0012] According to the technical scheme, preferably, the excitation winding and the armature winding are non-overlapping windings.

[0013] According to the technical scheme, preferably, the excitation winding and the armature winding are non-overlapping windings.

[0014] According to the technical scheme, preferably, the excitation winding and the armature winding are non-overlapping windings.

[0015] According to the technical scheme, preferably, the excitation winding and the armature winding are non-overlapping windings.

[0016] The electrically excited synchronous motor with the multiple excitation tooth non-overlapping winding stator structure comprises a stator module and a rotor module, the stator module comprises a stator core, an excitation winding and an armature winding, the stator core is a salient pole structure, a plurality of excitation teeth and a plurality of armature teeth are arranged around the stator core, every two excitation teeth and every two armature teeth are alternately arranged, every two adjacent excitation teeth form a group to constitute a V-shaped structure or a Y-shaped structure, the excitation winding comprises a plurality of excitation coils, each excitation coil is wound across two adjacent excitation teeth, the armature winding comprises a plurality of armature coils wound on each armature tooth, every two groups of armature coils constitute the same phase, and the rotor module comprises a rotor core and a rotating shaft in the rotor core.

[0017] The multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application can work in motor or generator mode, has high torque and power density, good magnet adjustment performance and strong robustness; due to the salient pole structure of the stator and rotor, the reluctance torque generated by the salient pole effect can improve the torque output capacity of the motor, and the salient pole stator core is easy to process, and the motor can operate at a high speed; in addition, the V-shaped or Y-shaped structure is adopted for the two adjacent field teeth, which reduces the useless slot area between the two adjacent field teeth, increases the useful field slot area, enhances the field magnetic field, and greatly improves the torque output capacity of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application when each two adjacent field teeth form a V-shaped structure.

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application when each two adjacent field teeth form a Y-shaped structure.

[0020] Figure 3 is a distribution schematic diagram of the field winding and armature winding of the multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application.

[0021] Figure 4 is a magnetic flux linkage waveform diagram of the multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application when each turn A1 coil, A2 coil and A-phase winding is passed during no-load operation.

[0022] Figure 5 is a magnetic flux path schematic diagram of the multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application when the field magnetic linkage passing through the A-phase winding is positive maximum.

[0023] Figure 6 is a magnetic flux path schematic diagram of the multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application when the field magnetic linkage passing through the A-phase winding is negative maximum.

[0024] Figure 7 is an induced electromotive force waveform diagram of each turn A1 coil, A2 coil and A-phase winding of the multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application during no-load operation.

[0025] Figure 8 is an electromagnetic torque waveform diagram of the multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application during normal operation.

[0026] In the figure: 1, stator core; 2, field winding; 211, field coil I; 212, field coil II; 213, field coil III; 3, armature winding; 311, armature coil I; 312, armature coil II; 321, armature coil III; 322, armature coil IV; 331, armature coil V; 332, armature coil VI; 4, field tooth; 5, armature tooth; 6, rotor core; 7, rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and the best embodiment. Based on the embodiment of the application, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary technical personnel in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the application.

[0028] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0029] As shown in Figures 1-3 The electrically excited synchronous motor involved in the present application is a 12 / 10 or 12 / 14 pole structure, which comprises a stator module and a rotor module. The stator module comprises a stator core 1, a field winding 2 and an armature winding 3. The stator core 1 is a salient pole structure, and a plurality of field teeth 4 and a plurality of armature teeth 5 are arranged circumferentially in the stator core 1. Each two field teeth 4 and each two armature teeth 5 are arranged alternately, and each two adjacent field teeth 4 constitute a group to form a V-shaped structure or a Y-shaped structure. The field winding 2 comprises a plurality of field coils, and each field coil is wound across two adjacent field teeth 4. The armature winding 3 comprises a plurality of armature coils wound on each armature tooth 5, and each two groups of armature coils constitute the same phase. The rotor module comprises a rotor core 6 and a rotating shaft 7 located in the rotor core 6, and the rotor core 6 is also a salient pole structure. In addition, both the stator core 1 and the rotor core 6 are made of silicon steel sheet magnetic material, and there is a layer of air gap between the stator core 1 and the rotor core 6. In this example, both the stator core 1 and the rotor core 6 are straight slot structures.

[0030] According to the above embodiment, preferably, the field winding 2 and the armature winding 3 are both non-overlapping windings. In this example, a non-overlapping winding structure is adopted, which reduces the coupling between each field coil and armature coil and enhances the fault tolerance of the motor.

[0031] According to the above embodiment, preferably, the excitation coil and the armature coil are both concentrated winding, compared with the traditional distributed winding, the end length is reduced, the copper loss is reduced, and the motor efficiency is improved. Wherein, the excitation coil winding direction is same, the magnetic flux generated in each excitation coil flows to the inside of the motor after energization. The winding direction of the two armature coils constituting the same phase is opposite, so that the two armature coils have complementarity, the even harmonic of the motor flux linkage and back EMF can be offset, so that the motor has a more sinusoidal flux linkage and back EMF waveform, which greatly reduces the torque ripple of the motor. This advantage makes the motor particularly suitable for AC speed regulation occasions.

[0032] According to the above embodiment, preferably, the stator core 1 is provided with 6 excitation teeth 4 and 6 armature teeth 5 respectively, wherein the tips of each stator tooth on the stator core 1 are uniformly distributed along the circumference with a mechanical angle difference of 30°. The excitation coil is provided with three groups, namely excitation coil I 211, excitation coil II 212 and excitation coil III 213, and each excitation coil has a mechanical angle difference of 120°. The armature coil is provided with six groups, namely armature coil I 311, armature coil II 312, armature coil III 321, armature coil IV 322, armature coil V 331 and armature coil VI 332. Every two armature coils constitute A-phase winding, B-phase winding and C-phase winding in series, that is, in this example, the armature coil I and the armature coil II constitute the A-phase winding, the armature coil III and the armature coil IV constitute the B-phase winding, and the armature coil V and the armature coil VI constitute the C-phase winding. The two armature coils constituting the same phase have a mechanical angle difference of 90°.

[0033] The excitation flux linkage waveform of the multi-excitation tooth 4 non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application when running at no load passes through each turn of the A1 coil, the A2 coil and the A-phase winding as shown in the figure Figure 3 The excitation flux linkage in the A1 coil and the A2 coil is unipolar, and the excitation flux linkage in the A-phase winding is bipolar; when the motor runs to the position as shown in the figure Figure 5 , corresponding to the A point in Figure 4 , the magnetic flux generated by the excitation coil mostly passes through the A1 coil, and the magnetic linkage sensed by the A-phase winding is maximum; when the motor runs to the position as shown in the figure Figure 6 , corresponding to the B point in Figure 4 , the magnetic flux generated by the excitation coil mostly passes through the A2 coil, and the magnetic linkage sensed by the A-phase winding is minimum. With the change of the rotor position, the excitation flux alternately changes between the outgoing winding and the incoming winding, and then the excitation flux linkage of the armature winding 3 alternates, and then the alternating induced electromotive force is generated; the induced electromotive force waveform of each turn of the A1 coil, the A2 coil and the A-phase winding of the multi-excitation tooth 4 non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the application when running at no load is as shown in the figure Figure 7As shown, the induced electromotive force waveforms generated in the A1 coil and the A2 coil are symmetrical, so the induced electromotive force waveform in the A-phase winding is symmetrical; the electromagnetic torque waveform of the multi-excitation tooth 4 non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the present application in normal operation is as shown in Figure 8

[0034] The multi-excitation tooth 4 non-overlapping winding stator electrically excited synchronous motor of the present application can work in motor or generator operation mode, has high torque and power density, good magnetic regulation performance and strong robustness; due to the use of salient pole structure for the stator and rotor, the reluctance torque generated by the salient pole effect can improve the torque output capability of the motor, at the same time, the salient pole stator core 6 is also easy to process, and the motor can operate at a higher speed; in addition, the two adjacent excitation teeth 4 adopt V-shaped or Y-shaped structure, which reduces the useless slot area between the two adjacent excitation teeth 4, increases the useful excitation slot area, enhances the excitation magnetic field, and greatly improves the torque output capability of the motor.

[0035] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, can also make a number of improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.​

Claims

1. An electrically excited synchronous motor with a multi-field tooth non-overlapping winding stator structure, comprising a stator module and a rotor module, characterized in that: the stator module comprises a stator core, an excitation winding and an armature winding, the stator core is a salient pole structure, and a plurality of excitation teeth and a plurality of armature teeth are arranged circumferentially in the stator core, wherein every two excitation teeth and every two armature teeth are arranged alternately, and every two adjacent excitation teeth form a V-shaped structure or a Y-shaped structure, thereby reducing the useless slot area between the two adjacent excitation teeth, the excitation winding comprises a plurality of excitation coils, each excitation coil is wound across two adjacent excitation teeth, and the armature winding comprises a plurality of armature coils wound on each armature tooth, wherein every two armature coils constitute the same phase; the rotor module comprises a rotor core and a rotating shaft in the rotor core, and the rotor core is a salient pole structure; the excitation winding and the armature winding are both non-overlapping windings; the excitation coils and the armature coils are both concentrated windings, the excitation coils have the same winding direction, and the two armature coils of the same phase have opposite winding directions, so that the two armature coils have complementarity, and the even harmonics in the magnetic flux linkage and the back electromotive force can be offset.

2. The electrically excited synchronous machine with a stator structure of non- overlapping windings of teeth with multiple excitations of claim 1, characterized in that: six excitation teeth and six armature teeth are arranged in the stator core.

3. The electrically excited synchronous machine with a stator structure of non- overlapping windings of teeth with multiple excitations of claim 2, characterized in that: The excitation winding comprises three groups of excitation coils, and each excitation coil is mechanically 120° apart.

4. The electrically excited synchronous machine with a stator structure of non- overlapping windings of teeth with multiple excitations of claim 2, characterized in that: The armature winding comprises six groups of armature coils, every two armature coils are connected in series to form an A-phase winding, a B-phase winding and a C-phase winding, and the two armature coils of the same phase are mechanically 90° apart.

5. The electrically excited synchronous machine with a stator structure of non- overlapping windings of teeth with multiple excitations of claim 1, characterized in that: The stator core and the rotor core are both made of silicon steel sheet magnetic conductive material, and there is a layer of air gap between the stator core and the rotor core.

6. The electrically-excited synchronous machine with a stator structure of non- overlapping windings of teeth with multiple excitations of claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The stator core and the rotor core are both straight slot structures.

7. The electrically excited synchronous machine with a stator structure of non- overlapping windings of teeth with multiple excitations of claim 1, characterized in that: The electrically excited synchronous motor is a 12 / 10 or 12 / 14 pole structure.

Images