An electric vehicle thermal management system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of automotive thermal management, and relates to an electric vehicle thermal management system, which includes a refrigerant circuit, a battery circuit, a warm air circuit, and a motor circuit; a refrigerant is provided in the refrigerant circuit, and a coolant is provided in each of the battery circuit, the warm air circuit, and the motor circuit. In the electric vehicle thermal management system of the present invention, through the mutual association and coupling of the refrigerant circuit, the warm air circuit, the battery circuit, and the motor circuit, the waste heat of the motor and the like is fully utilized, and different functional scenarios of independent or mutual association operation of occupant compartment thermal management, battery thermal management, and motor thermal management can be realized, meeting the cooling and heating function requirements of the thermal management system. The functional scenarios of this thermal management system are comprehensive, the cost is low, the system is simple and easy to control. The occupant compartment heating and the battery heating share a high-voltage electric heater HVH, and the air conditioning box can be completely shared by fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles, which is easy to achieve platformization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of automotive thermal management and relates to an electric vehicle thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] For electric vehicles, the thermal management system not only affects the riding comfort of passenger cars, but also involves issues of safety and energy consumption. How to achieve a balance among the cruising range, comfort, and safety of electric vehicles in the actual environment is an urgent problem to be solved in the design of electric vehicle thermal management systems. At present, the functional scenarios of electric vehicle thermal management systems are not comprehensive enough, and it is difficult to achieve a good balance among the cruising range, comfort, and safety of electric vehicles in the actual environment, which is mainly manifested in the poor interconnection and control among the thermal management of the passenger compartment, battery thermal management, and motor thermal management. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an electric vehicle thermal management system. Through the mutual connection and coupling of the refrigerant circuit, warm air circuit, battery circuit, and motor circuit, and by making full use of the waste heat of the motor, etc., the thermal management system can independently or interrelatedly operate different functional scenarios for the thermal management of the passenger compartment, battery thermal management, and motor thermal management, meeting the cooling and heating function requirements of the thermal management system.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] An electric vehicle thermal management system includes a refrigerant circuit, a battery circuit, a motor circuit, and a warm air circuit; a refrigerant is provided in the refrigerant circuit, and a coolant is provided in each of the battery circuit, the motor circuit, and the warm air circuit.

[0006] The refrigerant circuit includes an electric compressor, a water-cooled condenser, a liquid storage tank, an evaporator, a battery cooler Chiller, a waste heat recovery device, a first EXV electronic expansion valve, a second EXV electronic expansion valve, and a third EXV electronic expansion valve; the refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant circuit, a second refrigerant circuit, and a third refrigerant circuit.

[0007] The first refrigerant circuit includes the electric compressor, the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage tank, the second EXV electronic expansion valve, and the evaporator connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0008] The second refrigerant circuit includes the electric compressor, the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage tank, the third EXV electronic expansion valve, and the battery cooler Chiller connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0009] The third refrigerant circuit includes the electric compressor, the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage tank, the first EXV electronic expansion valve, and the waste heat recovery device connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0010] The warm air circuit includes a warm air core, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a first water pump, the water-cooled condenser, a first three-way valve, a fourth three-way valve, a battery heating chiller, a third three-way valve, a radiator, and a third three-way valve; the warm air circuit includes a first warm air circuit, a second warm air circuit, and a third warm air circuit;

[0011] The first warm air circuit includes the warm air core, the second three-way valve, the first three-way valve, the first water pump, the water-cooled condenser, the first three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve that are connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0012] The second warm air circuit includes the battery heating chiller, the second three-way valve, the first three-way valve, the first water pump, the water-cooled condenser, the first three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve that are connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0013] The third warm air circuit includes the first water pump, the water-cooled condenser, the first three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the radiator, the third three-way valve, and the first three-way valve that are connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0014] The battery circuit includes a third water pump, a battery pack, the battery heating chiller, and the battery cooling chiller that are connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0015] The motor circuit includes a second water pump, a drive motor, the waste heat recovery device, a second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the radiator, the third three-way valve, and a fourth three-way valve; the motor circuit includes a first motor circuit and a second motor circuit;

[0016] The first motor circuit includes the second water pump, the drive motor, the waste heat recovery device, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the radiator, the third three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve that are connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0017] The second motor circuit includes the second water pump, the drive motor, the waste heat recovery device, the second three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve that are connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0018] Furthermore, the thermal management system includes occupant compartment thermal management, battery thermal management, and motor thermal management;

[0019] The occupant compartment thermal management includes an occupant compartment cooling mode, an occupant compartment heat pump heating mode, and an occupant compartment heat pump cooling and defogging mode;

[0020] The occupant compartment heat pump heating mode includes an occupant compartment ambient heat absorption heat pump heating mode, an occupant compartment motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode, and an occupant compartment ambient heat and motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode;

[0021] The battery thermal management includes a battery self - circulation mode, a battery cooling mode, a battery ambient heat absorption heat pump heating mode, a battery motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode, and a battery ambient heat and motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode;

[0022] The motor thermal management includes a motor self - circulation mode and a motor radiator heat exchange mode.

[0023] Further, the working mode of the occupant compartment cooling mode is as follows: simultaneously turn on the first refrigerant circuit, the third warm air circuit, and the first motor circuit;

[0024] The refrigerant circulates in the first refrigerant circuit and exchanges heat with the coolant in the third warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser. After the refrigerant condenses and releases heat, it evaporates and absorbs heat through the evaporator to cool the occupant compartment;

[0025] After the coolant in the third warm air circuit absorbs the heat of the refrigerant, it dissipates heat through the radiator, and the cooled coolant then flows into the drive motor and the water - cooled condenser respectively for heat exchange.

[0026] Further, the working mode of the occupant compartment ambient heat absorption heat pump heating mode is as follows: turn on the third refrigerant circuit and the first warm air circuit, and simultaneously turn on the first motor circuit;

[0027] The coolant in the first motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator, and then transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device; after the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser, and the coolant in the first warm air circuit absorbs heat and releases heat through the heater core to heat the occupant compartment.

[0028] Further, the working mode of the occupant compartment motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode is as follows: turn on the third refrigerant circuit and the first warm air circuit, and simultaneously turn on the second motor circuit;

[0029] The coolant in the second motor circuit absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device; after the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser, and the coolant in the first warm air circuit absorbs heat and releases heat through the heater core to heat the occupant compartment.

[0030] Further, the working mode of the occupant compartment ambient heat and motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode is as follows: simultaneously turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the first warm air circuit, the first motor circuit, and the second motor circuit;

[0031] The coolant in the first motor circuit and the second motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator, and at the same time absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor during the circulation process, and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser. After the coolant in the first warm air circuit absorbs heat, it releases heat through the warm air core to heat the passenger compartment.

[0032] Furthermore, the working mode of the heat pump cooling and defogging mode in the passenger compartment is as follows: turn on the first refrigerant circuit and the first warm air circuit;

[0033] The refrigerant circulates in the first refrigerant circuit, and the refrigerant condenses and releases heat through the water-cooled condenser, transferring the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit. After the coolant absorbs heat, it heats the passenger compartment through the warm air core, thereby defogging the passenger compartment.

[0034] Furthermore, the working mode of the battery self-circulation mode is as follows: turn on the battery circuit, and neither the battery heating Chiller nor the battery cooling Chiller performs heat exchange. The coolant circulates in the battery circuit, performing heat absorption and heat release cycles on the battery pack to maintain the battery temperature.

[0035] Furthermore, the working mode of the battery cooling mode is as follows: turn on the second refrigerant circuit, the battery circuit, the third warm air circuit, and the first motor circuit simultaneously;

[0036] The coolant in the third warm air circuit and the first motor circuit absorbs the heat of the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circuit through the water-cooled condenser and dissipates the heat through the radiator; after the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circuit releases heat, it absorbs the heat of the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery cooling Chiller, and after the coolant in the battery circuit releases heat, it cools the battery pack.

[0037] Furthermore, the working mode of the battery absorbing ambient heat and heat pump heating mode is as follows: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, and the first motor circuit;

[0038] The coolant in the first motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator and then transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser. After the coolant in the second warm air circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating Chiller, and after the coolant in the battery circuit absorbs heat, it heats the battery pack.

[0039] Further, the operating mode of the battery absorbing the waste heat of the motor heat pump heating mode is as follows: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, and the second motor circuit;

[0040] The coolant in the second motor circuit absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device. After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser. After the coolant in the second warm air circuit absorbs the heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating chiller. After the coolant in the battery circuit absorbs the heat, it heats the battery pack.

[0041] Further, the operating mode of the battery absorbing ambient heat and the waste heat of the motor heat pump heating mode is as follows: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, the first motor circuit, and the second motor circuit;

[0042] The coolants in the first motor circuit and the second motor circuit absorb the heat from the environment through the radiator, and at the same time absorb the waste heat of the drive motor during the circulation process, and transfer the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device. After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser. After the coolant in the second warm air circuit absorbs the heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating chiller. After the coolant in the battery circuit absorbs the heat, it heats the battery pack.

[0043] Further, the operating mode of the motor self-circulation mode is as follows: turn on the second motor circuit in the motor circuit; the coolant circulates in the second motor circuit, absorbing and releasing heat to the motor to maintain the motor temperature.

[0044] Further, the operating mode of the motor radiator heat exchange mode is as follows: turn on the first motor circuit in the motor circuit;

[0045] The coolant circulates in the first motor circuit and exchanges heat with the ambient air through the radiator. The coolant absorbs or releases heat, thereby heating or cooling the drive motor.

[0046] Further, a high-voltage electric heater HVH is also included in the warm air circuit. The high-voltage electric heater HVH is provided on the connecting pipeline between the water-cooled condenser and the first three-way valve for heating the coolant in the warm air circuit.

[0047] Further, the occupant compartment thermal management further includes an occupant compartment HVH compensation heating mode, and the battery thermal management further includes a battery HVH compensation heating mode.

[0048] Further, the working mode of the HVH compensation heating mode for the passenger compartment is as follows: the first warm air circuit is turned on in the warm air circuit;

[0049] The coolant circulates in the first warm air circuit; after the coolant is compensated and heated by the high-voltage electric heater HVH, it heats the passenger compartment through the warm air core.

[0050] Further, the working mode of the HVH compensation heating mode for the battery is as follows: the battery circuit and the second warm air circuit are turned on;

[0051] The coolant circulates in the second warm air circuit; after the coolant is compensated and heated by the high-voltage electric heater HVH, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating Chiller, and the coolant in the battery circuit heats the battery pack after absorbing the heat.

[0052] Further, temperature sensors are provided on the connecting pipelines between the second water pump and the drive motor and between the third water pump and the battery pack; a pressure sensor is provided at the inlet end of the electric compressor, and a pressure and temperature sensor is provided at the outlet end of the electric compressor.

[0053] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0054] 1) In the electric vehicle thermal management system of the present invention, through the mutual association and coupling of the refrigerant circuit, the warm air circuit, the battery circuit, and the motor circuit, making full use of the waste heat of the motor, etc., it can realize the independent or mutually associated operation of different functional scenarios for the passenger compartment thermal management, the battery thermal management, and the motor thermal management, meeting the cooling and heating function requirements of the thermal management system. The functional scenarios of this thermal management system are comprehensive, the cost is low, the system is simple and easy to control.

[0055] 2) In the electric vehicle thermal management system of the present invention, the high-voltage electric heater HVH is used to output hot water to the warm air core for compensating heating of the passenger compartment. The passenger compartment heating and the battery heating share one high-voltage electric heater HVH, and the air conditioning box can be fully shared by fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles, which is easy to realize platformization.

[0056] 3) In the electric vehicle thermal management system of the present invention, a design without an external condenser is adopted. When the heat pump is used for heating, the refrigerant releases heat to the coolant through the water-cooled condenser, and then uses the warm air core to heat the passenger compartment; when refrigerating, the refrigerant releases heat to the coolant through the water-cooled condenser, and then uses the low-temperature radiator to dissipate the heat to the environment.

[0057] 4) In the electric vehicle thermal management system of the present invention, a separate waste heat recovery device is adopted, which can make full use of the waste heat of the motor, etc., and can also use the radiator to absorb the ambient heat, release the heat to the coolant through the water-cooled condenser, and then heat the passenger compartment through the warm air core, with simple and efficient control.

[0058] 5) In the electric vehicle thermal management system of the present invention, the battery Chiller in the battery circuit adopts a series design of a cooling Chiller and a heating Chiller to indirectly cool and heat the battery, which can prevent the impact of excessive water temperature change on the battery temperature uniformity.

[0059] 6) In the water circuit design of the electric vehicle thermal management system of the present invention, a three-way valve is mainly used. The number of three-way valves used is small, the control is simple, and the cost is low.

[0060] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following specification. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0061] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail preferably with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

[0062] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the electric vehicle thermal management system in the present invention.

[0063] Reference numerals: 1 - electric compressor; 2 - water-cooled condenser; 3 - high-voltage electric heater HVH; 4 - liquid storage tank; 5 - radiator; 6 - first water pump; 7 - first three-way valve; 8 - second three-way valve; 9 - third three-way; 10 - third three-way valve; 11 - fourth three-way; 12 - first EXV electronic expansion valve; 13 - second water pump; 14 - drive motor; 15 - waste heat recovery device; 16 - fourth three-way valve; 17 - first three-way; 18 - warm air core; 19 - evaporator; 20 - second EXV electronic expansion valve; 21 - second three-way; 22 - third EXV electronic expansion valve; 23 - battery cooling Chiller; 24 - battery heating Chiller; 25 - battery pack; 26 - third water pump. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0064] The following specific examples illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention schematically. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0065] Among them, the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams rather than physical drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the attached drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which does not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the attached drawings may be omitted.

[0066] In the attached drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the attached drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0067] Embodiment 1

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is an electric vehicle thermal management system, including a refrigerant circuit, a battery circuit, a motor circuit, and a warm air circuit; among them, a refrigerant is provided in the refrigerant circuit, and a coolant is provided in the battery circuit, the motor circuit, and the warm air circuit.

[0069] The refrigerant circuit includes an electric compressor 1, a water-cooled condenser 2, a liquid storage tank 4, an evaporator 19, a battery cooler Chiller 23, a waste heat recovery device 15, a first EXV electronic expansion valve 12, a second EXV electronic expansion valve 20, and a third EXV electronic expansion valve 22; the refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant circuit, a second refrigerant circuit, and a third refrigerant circuit.

[0070] The first refrigerant circuit includes an electric compressor 1, a water-cooled condenser 2, a liquid storage tank 4, a second EXV electronic expansion valve 20, and an evaporator 19 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0071] The second refrigerant circuit includes an electric compressor 1, a water-cooled condenser 2, a liquid storage tank 4, a third EXV electronic expansion valve 22, and a battery cooler Chiller 23 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0072] The third refrigerant circuit includes an electric compressor 1, a water-cooled condenser 2, a liquid storage tank 4, a first EXV electronic expansion valve 12, and a waste heat recovery device 15 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0073] The warm air circuit includes a warm air core 18, a first three-way valve 17, a second three-way valve 21, a first water pump 6, a water-cooled condenser 2, a first three-way valve 7, a fourth three-way valve 16, a battery heating chiller 24, a third three-way valve 9, a radiator 5, and a third three-way valve 10; the warm air circuit includes a first warm air circuit, a second warm air circuit, and a third warm air circuit;

[0074] The first warm air circuit includes the warm air core 18, the second three-way valve 21, the first three-way valve 17, the first water pump 6, the water-cooled condenser 2, the first three-way valve 7, and the fourth three-way valve 16 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0075] The second warm air circuit includes the battery heating chiller 24, the second three-way valve 21, the first three-way valve 17, the first water pump 6, the water-cooled condenser 2, the first three-way valve 7, and the fourth three-way valve 16 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0076] The third warm air circuit includes the first water pump 6, the water-cooled condenser 2, the first three-way valve 7, the third three-way valve 9, the radiator 5, the third three-way valve 10, and the first three-way valve 17 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0077] The battery circuit includes a third water pump 26, a battery pack 25, a battery heating chiller 24, and a battery cooling chiller 23 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0078] The motor circuit includes a second water pump 13, a drive motor 14, a waste heat recovery device 15, a second three-way valve 8, the third three-way valve 9, the radiator 5, the third three-way valve 10, and a fourth three-way valve 11; the motor circuit includes a first motor circuit and a second motor circuit;

[0079] The first motor circuit includes the second water pump 13, the drive motor 14, the waste heat recovery device 15, the second three-way valve 8, the third three-way valve 9, the radiator 5, the third three-way valve 10, and the fourth three-way valve 11 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop;

[0080] The second motor circuit includes the second water pump 13, the drive motor 14, the waste heat recovery device 15, the second three-way valve 8, and the fourth three-way valve 11 connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0081] The thermal management system includes occupant compartment thermal management, battery thermal management, and motor thermal management;

[0082] The occupant compartment thermal management includes an occupant compartment cooling mode, an occupant compartment heat pump heating mode, and an occupant compartment heat pump cooling and defogging mode;

[0083] The occupant compartment heat pump heating mode includes an occupant compartment absorbing ambient heat heat pump heating mode, an occupant compartment absorbing motor waste heat heat pump heating mode, and an occupant compartment absorbing ambient heat and motor waste heat heat pump heating mode;

[0084] Battery thermal management includes battery self - circulation mode, battery cooling mode, battery ambient heat absorption heat pump heating mode, battery motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode, and battery ambient heat and motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode;

[0085] Motor thermal management includes motor self - circulation mode and motor radiator 5 heat exchange mode.

[0086] The working mode of the occupant compartment cooling mode is: simultaneously turn on the first refrigerant circuit, the third warm air circuit, and the first motor circuit;

[0087] The refrigerant circulates in the first refrigerant circuit and exchanges heat with the coolant in the third warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser 2. After the refrigerant condenses and releases heat, it evaporates and absorbs heat through the evaporator 19 to cool the occupant compartment;

[0088] After the coolant in the third warm air circuit absorbs the heat of the refrigerant, it dissipates heat through the radiator 5, and the cooled coolant then flows into the drive motor 14 and the water - cooled condenser 2 respectively for heat exchange.

[0089] The working mode of the occupant compartment ambient heat absorption heat pump heating mode is: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the first warm air circuit, and simultaneously turn on the first motor circuit;

[0090] The coolant in the first motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator 5, and then transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device 15. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs the heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser 2. The coolant in the first warm air circuit absorbs the heat and then releases the heat through the warm air core 18 to heat the occupant compartment.

[0091] The working mode of the occupant compartment motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode is: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the first warm air circuit, and simultaneously turn on the second motor circuit;

[0092] The coolant in the second motor circuit absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor 14 and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device 15. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs the heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser 2. The coolant in the first warm air circuit absorbs the heat and then releases the heat through the warm air core 18 to heat the occupant compartment.

[0093] The working mode of the occupant compartment ambient heat and motor waste heat absorption heat pump heating mode is: simultaneously turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the first warm air circuit, the first motor circuit, and the second motor circuit;

[0094] The coolant in the first motor circuit and the second motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator 5, and at the same time absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor 14 during the circulation process, and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device 15. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser 2. After the coolant in the first warm air circuit absorbs heat, it releases heat through the warm air core 18 to heat the passenger compartment.

[0095] The operating mode of the passenger compartment heat pump cooling and defogging mode is: turn on the first refrigerant circuit and the first warm air circuit;

[0096] The refrigerant circulates in the first refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant condenses and releases heat through the water-cooled condenser 2, transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit, and the coolant absorbs heat and heats the passenger compartment through the warm air core 18, thereby defogging the passenger compartment.

[0097] The operating mode of the battery self-circulation mode is: turn on the battery circuit, and neither the battery heating Chiller 24 nor the battery cooling Chiller 23 performs heat exchange. The coolant circulates in the battery circuit, absorbs and releases heat to the battery pack 25 in a cycle to maintain the battery temperature.

[0098] The operating mode of the battery cooling mode is: turn on the second refrigerant circuit, the battery circuit, the third warm air circuit, and the first motor circuit at the same time;

[0099] The coolant in the third warm air circuit and the first motor circuit absorbs the heat of the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circuit through the water-cooled condenser 2 and dissipates the heat through the radiator 5; after the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circuit releases heat, it absorbs the heat of the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery cooling Chiller 23, and after the coolant in the battery circuit releases heat, it cools the battery pack 25.

[0100] The operating mode of the battery absorbing ambient heat and heat pump heating mode is: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, and the first motor circuit;

[0101] The coolant in the first motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator 5 and then transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device 15. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser 2. After the coolant in the second warm air circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating Chiller 24, and after the coolant in the battery circuit absorbs heat, it heats the battery pack 25.

[0102] The working mode of the battery absorbing the waste heat of the motor for heat pump heating is as follows: Turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, and the second motor circuit;

[0103] The coolant in the second motor circuit absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor 14 and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device 15. After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser 2. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the second warm air circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating Chiller24. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the battery circuit heats the battery pack 25.

[0104] The working mode of the battery absorbing ambient heat and the waste heat of the motor for heat pump heating is as follows: Turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, the first motor circuit, and the second motor circuit;

[0105] The coolants in the first motor circuit and the second motor circuit absorb the heat from the environment through the radiator 5, and at the same time absorb the waste heat of the drive motor 14 during the circulation process, and transfer the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device 15. After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser 2. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the second warm air circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating Chiller24. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the battery circuit heats the battery pack 25.

[0106] The working mode of the motor self-circulation mode is as follows: Turn on the second motor circuit in the motor circuit; The coolant circulates in the second motor circuit, absorbing and releasing heat to the motor to maintain the motor temperature.

[0107] The working mode of the motor radiator 5 heat exchange mode is as follows: Turn on the first motor circuit in the motor circuit;

[0108] The coolant circulates in the first motor circuit and exchanges heat with the ambient air through the radiator 5. The coolant absorbs or releases heat, thereby heating or cooling the drive motor 14.

[0109] Embodiment 2

[0110] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: on the basis of Embodiment 1, a high-voltage electric heater HVH3 is added to the warm air circuit. The high-voltage electric heater HVH3 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the water-cooled condenser 2 and the first three-way valve 7 and is used to heat the coolant in the warm air circuit.

[0111] The occupant compartment thermal management further includes the occupant compartment HVH compensation heating mode, and the battery thermal management further includes the battery HVH compensation heating mode.

[0112] The working mode of the HVH compensation heating mode for the passenger compartment is as follows: the first warm air circuit is opened in the warm air circuit;

[0113] The coolant circulates in the first warm air circuit; after the coolant is compensated and heated by the high-voltage electric heater HVH3, it heats the passenger compartment through the warm air core 18.

[0114] The working mode of the HVH compensation heating mode for the battery is as follows: the battery circuit and the second warm air circuit are opened;

[0115] The coolant circulates in the second warm air circuit; after the coolant is compensated and heated by the high-voltage electric heater HVH, the heat is transferred to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heater Chiller24, and the coolant in the battery circuit heats the battery pack 25 after absorbing the heat.

[0116] Temperature sensors are provided on the connecting pipelines between the second water pump 13 and the drive motor 14 and between the third water pump 26 and the battery pack 25; a pressure sensor is provided at the inlet end of the electric compressor 1, and a pressure and temperature sensor is provided at the outlet end of the electric compressor 1.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present technical solution, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle thermal management system, characterized in that: it includes a refrigerant circuit, a battery circuit, a motor circuit, and a warm air circuit; wherein a refrigerant is provided in the refrigerant circuit, and a coolant is provided in each of the battery circuit, the motor circuit, and the warm air circuit; the refrigerant circuit includes an electric compressor, a water-cooled condenser, a liquid storage tank, an evaporator, a battery cooling chiller, a waste heat recovery device, a first EXV electronic expansion valve, a second EXV electronic expansion valve, and a third EXV electronic expansion valve; the refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant circuit, a second refrigerant circuit, and a third refrigerant circuit; the first refrigerant circuit includes the electric compressor, the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage tank, the second EXV electronic expansion valve, and the evaporator connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop; the second refrigerant circuit includes the electric compressor, the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage tank, the third EXV electronic expansion valve, and the battery cooling chiller connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop; the third refrigerant circuit includes the electric compressor, the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage tank, the first EXV electronic expansion valve, and the waste heat recovery device connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop; the warm air circuit includes a warm air core body, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a first water pump, the water-cooled condenser, a first three-way valve, a fourth three-way valve, a battery heating chiller, a third three-way valve, a radiator, and a third three-way valve; the warm air circuit includes a first warm air circuit, a second warm air circuit, and a third warm air circuit; the first warm air circuit includes the warm air core body, the second three-way valve, the first three-way valve, the first water pump, the water-cooled condenser, the first three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop; the second warm air circuit includes the battery heating chiller, the second three-way valve, the first three-way valve, the first water pump, the water-cooled condenser, the first three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop; the third warm air circuit includes the first water pump, the water-cooled condenser, the first three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the radiator, the third three-way valve, and the first three-way valve connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop; the battery circuit includes a third water pump, a battery pack, the battery heating chiller, and the battery cooling chiller connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop; the motor circuit includes a second water pump, a drive motor, the waste heat recovery device, a second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the radiator, the third three-way valve, and a fourth three-way valve; the motor circuit includes a first motor circuit and a second motor circuit; the first motor circuit includes the second water pump, the drive motor, the waste heat recovery device, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the radiator, the third three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop; the second motor circuit includes the second water pump, the drive motor, the waste heat recovery device, the second three-way valve, and the fourth three-way valve connected in series in sequence to form a closed loop.

2. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermal management system includes occupant compartment thermal management, battery thermal management, and motor thermal management; the occupant compartment thermal management includes an occupant compartment cooling mode, an occupant compartment heat pump heating mode, and an occupant compartment heat pump cooling and defogging mode. The passenger compartment heat pump heating modes include the passenger compartment absorbing ambient heat heat pump heating mode, the passenger compartment absorbing motor waste heat heat pump heating mode, and the passenger compartment absorbing ambient heat and motor waste heat heat pump heating mode; The battery thermal management includes the battery self - circulation mode, the battery cooling mode, the battery absorbing ambient heat heat pump heating mode, the battery absorbing motor waste heat heat pump heating mode, and the battery absorbing ambient heat and motor waste heat heat pump heating mode; The motor thermal management includes the motor self - circulation mode and the motor radiator heat exchange mode.

3. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working mode of the passenger compartment cooling mode is: simultaneously turn on the first refrigerant circuit, the third warm air circuit, and the first motor circuit; The refrigerant circulates in the first refrigerant circuit and exchanges heat with the coolant in the third warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser. After the refrigerant condenses and releases heat, it evaporates and absorbs heat through the evaporator to cool the passenger compartment; After the coolant in the third warm air circuit absorbs the heat of the refrigerant, it dissipates heat through the radiator, and the cooled coolant then flows into the drive motor and the water - cooled condenser respectively for heat exchange.

4. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working mode of the passenger compartment absorbing ambient heat heat pump heating mode is: turn on the third refrigerant circuit and the first warm air circuit, and simultaneously turn on the first motor circuit; The coolant in the first motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator, and then transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device; after the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser, and the coolant in the first warm air circuit releases heat through the heater core to heat the passenger compartment.

5. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working mode of the passenger compartment absorbing motor waste heat heat pump heating mode is: turn on the third refrigerant circuit and the first warm air circuit, and simultaneously turn on the second motor circuit; The coolant in the second motor circuit absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water - cooled condenser, and the coolant in the first warm air circuit releases heat through the heater core to heat the passenger compartment.

6. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working mode of the passenger compartment absorbing ambient heat and motor waste heat heat pump heating mode is: simultaneously turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the first warm air circuit, the first motor circuit, and the second motor circuit; The coolant in the first motor circuit and the second motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator, and at the same time absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor during the circulation process. The waste heat recovery device transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser. After the coolant in the first warm air circuit absorbs heat, it releases the heat through the warm air core to heat the passenger compartment.

7. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: The working mode of the passenger compartment heat pump cooling and defogging mode is: turn on the first refrigerant circuit and the first warm air circuit; The refrigerant circulates in the first refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant condenses and releases heat through the water-cooled condenser, transfers the heat to the coolant in the first warm air circuit, and the coolant absorbs heat and heats the passenger compartment through the warm air core, so as to defog the passenger compartment.

8. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: The working mode of the battery self-circulation mode is: turn on the battery circuit, and neither the battery heating chiller nor the battery cooling chiller performs heat exchange. The coolant circulates in the battery circuit to perform heat absorption and heat release cycles on the battery pack to maintain the battery temperature.

9. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: The working mode of the battery cooling mode is: turn on the second refrigerant circuit, the battery circuit, the third warm air circuit, and the first motor circuit simultaneously; The coolant in the third warm air circuit and the first motor circuit absorbs the heat of the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circuit through the water-cooled condenser and dissipates the heat through the radiator; after the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circuit releases heat, it absorbs the heat of the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery cooling chiller, and after the coolant in the battery circuit releases heat, it cools the battery pack.

10. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: The working mode of the battery absorbing ambient heat heat pump heating mode is: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, and the first motor circuit; The coolant in the first motor circuit absorbs heat from the environment through the radiator and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device. After the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser. After the coolant in the second warm air circuit absorbs heat, it transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating chiller, and the coolant in the battery circuit absorbs heat and heats the battery pack.

11. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: The working mode of the battery absorbing motor waste heat heat pump heating mode is: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, and the second motor circuit; The coolant in the second motor circuit absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor and then transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device. After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the second warm air circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating Chiller. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the battery circuit heats the battery pack.

12. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: the operating mode of the battery absorbing ambient heat and the motor waste heat heat pump heating mode is: turn on the third refrigerant circuit, the second warm air circuit, the battery circuit, the first motor circuit, and the second motor circuit; The coolant in the first motor circuit and the second motor circuit absorbs the heat in the environment through the radiator, and at the same time absorbs the waste heat of the drive motor during the circulation process, and transfers the heat to the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit through the waste heat recovery device. After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant in the third refrigerant circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the second warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the second warm air circuit transfers the heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating Chiller. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the battery circuit heats the battery pack.

13. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: the operating mode of the motor self-circulation mode is: turn on the second motor circuit in the motor circuit; the coolant circulates in the second motor circuit, absorbs and releases heat to the motor, and maintains the motor temperature.

14. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: the operating mode of the motor radiator heat exchange mode is: turn on the first motor circuit in the motor circuit; The coolant circulates in the first motor circuit and exchanges heat with the ambient air through the radiator. The coolant absorbs or releases heat, thereby heating or cooling the drive motor.

15. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: the warm air circuit further includes a high-voltage electric heater HVH, and the high-voltage electric heater HVH is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the water-cooled condenser and the first three-way valve for heating the coolant in the warm air circuit.

16. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 15, wherein: the occupant compartment thermal management further includes an occupant compartment HVH compensation heating mode, and the battery thermal management further includes a battery HVH compensation heating mode.

17. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 15, wherein: the operating mode of the occupant compartment HVH compensation heating mode is: turn on the first warm air circuit in the warm air circuit; The coolant circulates in the first warm air circuit; after being compensated and heated by the high-voltage electric heater HVH, the coolant heats the occupant compartment through the warm air core.

18. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 15, wherein: The operating mode of the battery HVH compensation heating mode is as follows: turn on the battery circuit and the second warm air circuit; The coolant circulates in the second warm air circuit; after being compensated and heated by the high-voltage electric heater HVH, the coolant transfers heat to the coolant in the battery circuit through the battery heating Chiller, and the coolant in the battery circuit absorbs heat and then heats the battery pack.

19. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Temperature sensors are provided on the connecting pipelines between the second water pump and the drive motor and between the third water pump and the battery pack; a pressure sensor is provided at the inlet end of the electric compressor, and a pressure and temperature sensor is provided at the outlet end of the electric compressor.

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