A hot processing tool for hook tail frame

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of hook tail frame processing technology, and discloses a hot-working fixture for hook tail frames, including a fixed arm, a fixed rod, and a support rod. The top end of the fixed rod is connected to the fixed arm. The fixed rod includes a left fixed rod and a right fixed rod vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the fixed arm. The interval between the left and right fixed rods is less than the inner length of the hook tail frame to be lifted. The left and right fixed rods can simultaneously pass through the inner cavity of one hook tail frame to be lifted, and the bottom of both the left and right fixed rods is provided with a protrusion to prevent the support rod from falling. The support rod is detachably mounted on the protrusion and can contact the bottom surface of the hook tail frame to be lifted to bear weight and support the hook tail frame. This invention has a simple overall structure, is easy to use, and can stably lift a large batch of hook tail frames at a time, which helps to improve the efficiency of hot working.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hook tail frame processing technology, and specifically to a hot processing tooling for hook tail frames. Background Technology

[0002] The coupler tail frame is an important component of the coupling and buffer device on railway vehicles. It assists in connecting train carriages, forming the train and transmitting traction, playing a crucial role in the normal operation of railway vehicles. Currently, the coupler tail frames used in railway freight car coupling and buffer devices mainly include three series: Type 13, Type 16, and Type 17. This section uses Type 13 as an example to illustrate the structural characteristics of existing coupler tail frames. The overall structure of the coupler tail frame is shown in the appendix. Figure 1 The hook tail frame itself has an irregular structure, resembling a frame. Specifically, it is a hollow frame with a long U-shaped cross-section; the upper and lower sides are oppositely arranged upper and lower frame plates, the right side is a right frame plate integrally formed with the upper and lower frame plates, and the left side is a connecting plate perpendicular to the upper and lower frame plates, used to connect the upper and lower frame plates; hook tail pin holes are provided on the left end surfaces of both the upper and lower frame plates, and the hook tail pin holes on the upper frame plate are coaxial with those on the lower frame plate; the central rectangular hollow part is the cavity of the hook tail frame, used to install the buffer.

[0003] In the production of these hook tail frames, the heat treatment process is the most time-consuming and has a significant impact on their quality. During heat treatment, a large number of hook tail frames are often heated uniformly in a bogie furnace. After heating, the frames need to be transferred to other processing equipment for quenching and tempering. In actual production, the furnace door is first opened, the furnace body is pulled out, and the hook tail frames are neatly stacked on the surface of the body. After stacking, the body is pushed into the furnace, the furnace door is closed, and the corresponding control cabinet is activated to start heating. After heating, the body is pulled out, and then tooling is used to gradually transfer the hook tail frames to the quenching or tempering point. The initial stacking stage and the final transfer stage often take a long time, resulting in low overall heat treatment efficiency for hook tail frames.

[0004] The main reason for this is that the current hook tail frame transfer fixtures greatly limit the stacking method and the number of hook tail frames that can be transferred at one time. Specifically, the commonly used hook tail frame transfer fixture is a round tube. When using this fixture, the hook tail pin holes of hook tail frames stacked in the same layer and row (column) need to be coaxial. After the hook tail frames are heated in the bogie furnace, the round tube is inserted into the hook tail pin holes of the hook tail frames in the same layer and row (column), with both ends of the round tube exposed. Subsequently, the two ends of the round tube are lifted simultaneously by the crane hook, thereby simultaneously lifting the hook tail frames inserted on the round tube. However, due to the inherent rigidity of the circular tube, a single 2m long circular tube can only lift 5 hook tail frames of type 13-B at a time. The single transfer volume is small, and the transfer cycle of hook tail frames for each furnace is long. Moreover, since the hook tail pin holes of multiple hook tail frames must be in a coaxial state when the circular tube is installed, a long position adjustment time is required when stacking the hook tail frames. This results in low stacking efficiency and transfer efficiency of hook tail frames, which greatly affects the hot processing efficiency of hook tail frames. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a hot working fixture for hook tail frames, which can stably lift a large number of hook tail frames in a single operation, thereby improving the efficiency of hot working.

[0006] The basic solution provided by this invention is as follows: a hot-working fixture for a hook tail frame, comprising a fixed arm, a fixed rod, and a support rod; the top end of the fixed rod is connected to the fixed arm; the fixed rod includes a left fixed rod and a right fixed rod vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the fixed arm; the interval between the left fixed rod and the right fixed rod is less than the inner cavity length of the hook tail frame to be hoisted; the left fixed rod and the right fixed rod can simultaneously pass through the inner cavity of one hook tail frame to be hoisted, and the bottom of both the left fixed rod and the right fixed rod are provided with protrusions to prevent the support rod from falling; the support rod is detachably mounted on the protrusions and can contact the bottom surface of the hook tail frame to be hoisted to bear weight and support the hook tail frame.

[0007] The working principle and advantages of this invention are as follows: When using this heat treatment fixture, the hook tail frames to be lifted can be stacked upside down in multiple layers, ensuring the inner cavities of the hook tail frames in each layer are aligned. Since the interval between the left and right fixing rods is less than the inner cavity length of the hook tail frames to be lifted, the left and right fixing rods can simultaneously pass through the inner cavities of several hook tail frames. The support rods set on the protrusions of the fixing rods can contact the bottom surface of the hook tail frames to be lifted to bear weight and stably support the entire group of hook tail frames. During lifting, if one or more hook tail frames in the stacked group shift position, the fixing rods can effectively limit the amount of shift, ensuring that they do not shift excessively and cause the hook tail frame group to collapse. Each group of fixing rods can effectively bear weight and assist in stabilizing several hook tail frames.

[0008] Furthermore, compared to the round tube tooling in the existing scheme, the tooling in this scheme has fewer restrictions on the stacking method. It does not require the hook tail pin holes of each hook tail frame to be coaxial during stacking, and each adjacent hook tail frame can be placed normally. This can greatly shorten the stacking and furnace loading time of hook tail frames and effectively improve stacking efficiency. Furthermore, compared to the single circular tube in the existing solution, where the load-bearing point of the hook tail frame on the circular tube is only the inner surface of the hook tail pin hole, the tooling in this solution provides load-bearing points for the hook tail frame including: the bottom support points of the support rods on the protrusions of the left and right fixed rods that contact the hook tail frame, and the auxiliary support points of the fixed rods on the inner cavity of the hook tail frame. The weight of the hook tail frame in this tooling is not concentrated on a single rod, but is relatively evenly distributed on the support rods on the protrusions of the left and right fixed rods, the support rods on the protrusions of the right fixed rods, and the fixed rods themselves. The overall load-bearing capacity of the tooling is better, less prone to damage, and can support more hook tail frames. The entire tooling can stably lift a large batch of hook tail frames at a time, thereby shortening the transfer cycle of hook tail frames for each furnace and effectively improving the efficiency of hot processing.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing rod of this fixture is located in the cavity. When the hook tail frame is not tilted, the fixture has only minimal linear contact with it, resulting in a near-zero overall contact area. Even if the hook tail frame tilts, the contact area between the fixing rod and the frame remains small, barely obstructing the surface and thus not affecting the cooling effect during quenching. This effectively ensures the quality of the heat treatment of the hook tail frame. Moreover, this fixture does not rely on clamping force or pressure to stabilize the hook tail frame. Instead, it utilizes the structural arrangement of the fixture and the hook tail frame, appropriately positioning them to limit the positional offset of vertically stacked hook tail frames, thereby stabilizing them and ensuring reliable lifting during large-scale operations.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing rods are provided in an array, and the distance between two adjacent sets of fixing rods is equal to the first distance; the first distance is the distance between the long axes of the inner cavities of two adjacent hook tail frames to be hoisted, and the long axes of the inner cavities of two adjacent hook tail frames to be hoisted are parallel to each other.

[0011] With this setup, two adjacent sets of fixing rods can precisely support and stabilize two sets of hook tail frames, and the spacing between the two sets of hook tail frames is small, resulting in a compact arrangement and high space utilization.

[0012] Furthermore, the protrusion is an inwardly curved hook-shaped protrusion; the curvature of the hook-shaped protrusion is greater than or equal to the curvature of the outer cylindrical surface of the support rod.

[0013] This design ensures a high degree of compatibility between the protruding shape and the rod-like structure of the support rod, guaranteeing that the support rod can be inserted into the protrusion and that the placement of the support rod is more stable and reliable.

[0014] Furthermore, the length of the support rod is greater than or equal to the total width of the hook tail frame to be hoisted.

[0015] This configuration ensures that the subsequent support rods can fully contact all the hook tail frame assemblies supported by the fixed rods on the fixed arm, thereby ensuring that the support rods can completely assist in lifting all the hook tail frame assemblies of the tooling during subsequent hoisting operations.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixing rod is a hook-shaped screw; the fixing arm is provided with a threaded hole that matches the size of the hook-shaped screw.

[0017] This design allows for easy adjustment of the connection position between the fixing rod and the fixing arm, and facilitates easy assembly and disassembly. The number of fixing rods can be flexibly adjusted according to the number of hook tail frames to be fixed, resulting in a high degree of structural flexibility for the overall tooling.

[0018] Furthermore, the interval between the left and right fixed rods is greater than half the length of the inner cavity of the hook tail frame to be hoisted.

[0019] With this setup, the interval between the left and right fixed rods is not too small, the limitation on the positional offset of the hook tail frame is moderate, and the overall operation of the tooling is effective.

[0020] Furthermore, the fixed arm includes a left fixed arm and a right fixed arm; a connecting rod is fixedly connected between the left fixed arm and the right fixed arm; the left fixed rod is vertically disposed on the left fixed arm, and the right fixed rod is vertically disposed on the right fixed arm.

[0021] Compared to a single fixed arm, this design uses less material for the fixed arm, which reduces tooling manufacturing costs and makes the overall tooling lighter and easier to operate.

[0022] Furthermore, a lifting lug is fixedly provided on the top surface of the fixed arm.

[0023] This structure facilitates the subsequent lifting of tooling using lifting lugs.

[0024] Furthermore, the lifting lugs are provided in an array and symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the fixed arm.

[0025] With this structure, the tooling is subjected to more and more even stress points during hoisting, resulting in more stable hoisting. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-view diagram of the hook tail frame to be lifted, according to an embodiment of the hot working tooling for hook tail frames of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 These are the front and left views of the tooling structure of an embodiment of the hot working tooling for a hook tail frame according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3This is a top view of the tooling structure of an embodiment of the hook tail frame heat treatment tooling of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a front view of the overall structure of the tooling in actual use of an embodiment of the hook tail frame heat treatment tooling of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a left view of the overall structure of the tooling in actual use of an embodiment of the hook tail frame heat treatment tooling of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following detailed explanation illustrates the specific implementation methods:

[0032] The markings in the accompanying drawings include: fixed arm 1, left fixed arm 11, right fixed arm 12, connecting rod 13, threaded hole 14, lifting lug 15, left fixed rod 2, right fixed rod 3, nut 4, hook-shaped protrusion 5, support rod 6, and hook tail frame 7.

[0033] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown:

[0034] A hot-working fixture for a hook tail frame includes a fixed arm 1, a fixed rod, and a support rod 6. The fixed arm 1 includes a left fixed arm 11 and a right fixed arm 12. A connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected between the left fixed arm 11 and the right fixed arm 12. In this embodiment, there are two connecting rods 13, which are rectangular plates with the same height as the fixed arm 1. Lifting lugs 15 are fixedly provided on the top surface of the fixed arm 1. The lifting lugs 15 are provided in multiple groups and symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the fixed arm 1. In this embodiment, there are two groups of lifting lugs 15, each group of lifting lugs 15 including a left lifting lug and a right lifting lug symmetrically arranged. The left lifting lug is fixedly arranged on the left fixed arm 11, and the right lifting lug is fixedly arranged on the right fixed arm 12. This arrangement facilitates the subsequent lifting of the fixture through the lifting lugs 15, and when lifting the fixture, the fixture has more and more evenly distributed stress points, resulting in more stable lifting.

[0035] The fixing rod is used to pass through the inner cavity of the hook tail frame 7 to be hoisted in order to bear the weight and assist in stabilizing the hook tail frame 7. In this embodiment, the hook tail frame 7 to be fixed is a 13B type hook tail frame, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1As shown in the diagram. The fixing rods include a left fixing rod 2 and a right fixing rod 3, which are vertically and detachably installed on the left and right sides of the fixing arm 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, the left fixing rod 2 is vertically and detachably installed on the left fixing arm 11, and the right fixing rod 3 is vertically and detachably installed on the right fixing arm 12. The fixing rods are arranged in multiple groups, and the distance between two adjacent groups of fixing rods is equal to a first distance. The first distance is the distance between the long axes of the inner cavities of two adjacent hook tail frames 7 to be lifted, and the long axes of the inner cavities of two adjacent hook tail frames 7 to be lifted are parallel to each other. The two adjacent groups of fixing rods can support and stabilize the two groups of hook tail frames 7, and the distance between the two groups of hook tail frames 7 is small, the arrangement is compact, and the space utilization rate is high. Furthermore, in this solution, when the tooling is installed, the center line connecting the left fixing rod 2 and the right fixing rod 3 is parallel to the long axis of the inner cavity of the hook tail frame 7 to be lifted, and the distance between them is small.

[0036] The top ends of both the left fixing rod 2 and the right fixing rod 3 are detachably connected to the fixing arm 1; the bottom of both the left fixing rod 2 and the right fixing rod 3 is provided with a protrusion to prevent the support rod 6 from falling; the support rod 6 is detachably mounted on the protrusion and can contact the bottom surface of the hook tail frame 7 to be hoisted to bear weight and support the hook tail frame 7. Specifically, the bottom ends of both the left fixing rod 2 and the right fixing rod 3 are fixed with an integrally formed inwardly curved hook-shaped protrusion 5. The curvature of the hook-shaped protrusion 5 is adapted to the curvature of the outer cylindrical surface of the support rod 6. In this embodiment, the curvature of the hook-shaped protrusion 5 is greater than the curvature of the outer cylindrical surface of the support rod 6. This design makes it easier to place the support rod 6 into the hook-shaped protrusion 5. Alternatively, the curvature of the hook-shaped protrusion 5 can be equal to the curvature of the outer cylindrical surface of the support rod 6. With this setting, the support rod 6 can be precisely inserted into the hook-shaped protrusion 5, and the hook-shaped protrusion 5 fits the support rod 6 more tightly, making it less likely for the support rod 6 to wobble in the hook-shaped protrusion 5.

[0037] Furthermore, the length of the support rod 6 is greater than or equal to the total width of the hook tail frame 7 to be lifted. In this embodiment, the length of the support rod 6 is equal to the total width of the hook tail frame 7 to be lifted. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are five sets of fixing rods, which are evenly arranged in a strip array on the fixing arm 1. Correspondingly, this fixture can stably lift five sets of stacked hook tail frames 7 to be lifted. The length of the support rod 6 is equal to the total width of the five hook tail frames 7 placed parallel to each other on the same plane, which can provide sufficient support for the five sets of hook tail frames 7. The parallel placement means that the long axis of the inner cavity of each hook tail frame 7 to be lifted is parallel. Specifically, in this embodiment, the fixing rod is a hook-shaped screw; and the threaded part of the hook-shaped screw is located in the upper half of the screw. The fixing arm 1 is provided with a threaded hole 14 that matches the size of the hook-shaped screw. The fixing arm 1 and the hook-shaped screw can be securely connected by a nut 4. With this setting, the fixing rod can be disassembled or the fixing position of the fixing rod can be adjusted according to the actual transportation needs, and the overall fixture has strong adaptability.

[0038] The interval between the left fixing rod 2 and the right fixing rod 3 is less than the inner length of the hook tail frame 7 to be hoisted; and the interval between the left fixing rod 2 and the right fixing rod 3 is greater than half the inner length of the hook tail frame 7 to be hoisted. This arrangement ensures that the fixing rods can easily pass into the inner cavity of the hook tail frame 7 while the interval between the left and right fixing rods is not too small, providing a moderate degree of restriction on the positional offset of the hook tail frame 7. If the interval is too small, the fixing rods will not be able to restrict the offset of the hook tail frame 7 in time. When part of the hook tail frame 7 offsets too much, it will directly affect the stability of the entire hook tail frame 7 and will put significant pressure on the fixing rods, even damaging the rods and affecting the hoisting stability. Therefore, this solution specifically limits the interval between the left and right fixing rods, which can effectively avoid the above situation, and the setting of the fixing rods is effective and reliable.

[0039] In practical applications, see the attached document. Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the hook tail frames 7 to be hoisted are first stacked in an overlapping manner. This means that during stacking, the inner cavities of the upper and lower layers of hook tail frames 7 are aligned, and the cross-section of the inner cavity is parallel to the plane of the bogie furnace or the ground. After stacking, heating and heat preservation are performed according to process requirements. For example, after stacking on the bogie furnace body, the bogie body is pushed into the bogie furnace for heat treatment of the hook tail frames 7. After heating is completed, the bogie body is pulled out of the bogie furnace again. After being removed from the furnace, a crane or similar hoisting device is used to lift the entire hot-working fixture (with the support rod 6 removed) to the hook tail frame 7 via the lifting lug 15. This aligns the fixed rod with the space left inside the hook tail frame 7. Then, the crane is controlled to lower the hot-working fixture so that the fixed rod passes through the inside of the hook tail frame 7, and the hook-shaped protrusion 5 of the fixed rod protrudes from the bottom hook tail frame 7. The support rod 6 is then inserted into the hook-shaped protrusion 5 of the fixed rod. At this point, the hot-working fixture is lifted again, and the support rod 6, along with the array of hook tail frames 7 that have contact with it, moves together with the fixture, thereby achieving rapid transfer of a large number of hook tail frames 7.

[0040] This embodiment provides a hot-working fixture for hook tail frames with a simple structure. Furthermore, this fixture breaks through the conventional design limitations of fixtures that require clamping and pressure to fix the workpiece. Instead, it makes greater use of the structural arrangement of the fixture and the hook tail frames 7. By fully utilizing the internal space of the hook tail frames 7 themselves, and through appropriate positioning, fixing rods are inserted into the internal cavity of the stacked hook tail frames 7. The fixing rods limit the positional offset of the stacked hook tail frames 7 and provide some auxiliary support. Combined with the support rods 6 on the hook-shaped protrusions 5, the fixture provides load-bearing support for the hook tail frames 7. This fixture requires no additional clamping force or pressure to provide auxiliary support and stable lifting of a large batch of hook tail frames 7, ensuring that the stacked hook tail frames 7 do not easily collapse during lifting and that the transport stability is good.

[0041] Furthermore, this tooling allows for the loading of hook tail frames 7 in large quantities on a bogie furnace in a single operation, significantly increasing the number of hook tail frames 7 that can be transferred and loaded on the bogie furnace at one time. In this embodiment, the tooling includes five sets of fixing rods, each set of fixing rods can cooperate with one set of hook tail frames 7, and five sets of hook tail frames 7 can be transferred at one time. The number of hook tail frames 7 in a single set is set according to the length of the fixing rod. For example, when the length of the fixing rod is 1.6m, one set of fixing rods can cooperate with six stacked 13-B type hook tail frames. The entire tooling can transfer thirty hook tail frames 7 at one time, which is a large transfer volume. Compared with the scheme mentioned in the prior art that uses a 2m round pipe to lift five hook tail frames 7 at one time, the application of this tooling can achieve a six-fold increase in transfer volume, effectively shorten the transfer cycle of hook tail frames 7 per furnace, and thus effectively improve the thermal processing efficiency.

[0042] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A hot-working fixture for a hook tail frame, characterized in that, The system includes a fixed arm, a fixed rod, and a support rod. The top end of the fixed rod is connected to the fixed arm. The fixed rod includes a left fixed rod and a right fixed rod vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the fixed arm. The interval between the left and right fixed rods is less than the inner length of the hook tail frame to be hoisted. The left and right fixed rods can pass through the inner cavity of one hook tail frame to be hoisted simultaneously, and the bottom of both the left and right fixed rods is provided with a protrusion to prevent the support rod from falling. The support rod is detachably mounted on the protrusion and can contact the bottom surface of the hook tail frame to be hoisted to bear the weight and support the hook tail frame. The fixed arm includes a left fixed arm and a right fixed arm; a connecting rod is fixedly connected between the left fixed arm and the right fixed arm; the left fixed rod is vertically arranged on the left fixed arm, and the right fixed rod is vertically arranged on the right fixed arm; a lifting lug is fixedly provided on the top surface of the fixed arm.

2. The hot working fixture for a hook tail frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing rods are arranged in an array, and the distance between two adjacent sets of fixing rods is equal to the first distance; the first distance is the distance between the long axes of the inner cavities of two adjacent hook tail frames to be hoisted, and the long axes of the inner cavities of two adjacent hook tail frames to be hoisted are parallel to each other.

3. The hot working fixture for a hook tail frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion is an inwardly curved hook-shaped protrusion; the curvature of the hook-shaped protrusion is greater than or equal to the curvature of the outer cylindrical surface of the support rod.

4. The hot working fixture for a hook tail frame according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the support rod is greater than or equal to the total width of the hook tail frame to be hoisted.

5. The hot working fixture for a hook tail frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing rod is a hook-shaped screw; the fixing arm is provided with a threaded hole that matches the size of the hook-shaped screw.

6. The hot working fixture for a hook tail frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interval between the left and right fixed rods is greater than half the length of the inner cavity of the hook tail frame to be hoisted.

7. The hot working fixture for a hook tail frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting lugs are arranged in an array and symmetrically on the top surface of the fixed arm.

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