An initial support structure for tunnels composed of concrete in membrane bags and corrugated steel plates

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and specifically relates to an initial tunnel support structure combined with film bag concrete and corrugated steel plates, which includes a corrugated steel plate body and a film bag body; connecting plates are welded at both ends of the corrugated steel plate body, and a plurality of fixing holes are opened on the connecting plates. Adjacent corrugated steel plate bodies are fixed together through the connecting plates and spliced into an arch-shaped support plate. A film bag body is laid on the outer arc surface of the support plate, and the film bag body is laid along the concave surface of the outer surface of the corrugated steel plate body, and concrete is filled in the film bag body; after the concrete in the film bag body dries, its volume expands and becomes larger again, enhancing the sealing performance of the port of the pouring area, facilitating construction operations, benefiting from the screened pouring of concrete into the pouring area, reducing the amount of mortar overflow, and saving materials; at the same time, both the film bag body and the non-dried concrete are flexible bodies, which expand and support according to the shape in the pouring area, and are applicable to areas with low foundation bearing capacity such as soft soil, expansive soil, and collapsible soil areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and specifically relates to an initial tunnel support structure composed of a membrane bag concrete and a corrugated steel plate. Background Art

[0002] After a tunnel is excavated, in order to control the appropriate release of the surrounding rock stress and deformation, increase the structural safety factor and facilitate construction, the structural layer with relatively low stiffness that is immediately constructed after the tunnel excavation and serves as a part of the permanent load-bearing structure is called the initial support.

[0003] In the existing tunnel excavation support, corrugated steel plates are generally selected. The greatest feature of corrugated steel plates is that by setting the corrugations, the virtual thickness of the steel plate can be increased, and its buckling resistance and shear resistance can be significantly improved. Therefore, as a building material for corrugated steel plates, it has gradually been applied in the fields of transportation facilities, building structures, and mine construction. In addition, the corrugated steel plate arch structure has the advantages of light weight and fast and convenient construction, and is an ideal substitute for the traditional reinforced concrete arch structure.

[0004] When the corrugated steel plate is used to support and protect the soil mass against rock stress, by spraying concrete outside the arch support structure formed by splicing the corrugated steel plates, due to the single support of the corrugated steel plate, there are gaps remaining at the end of the casting area between the support structure and the soil mass. When spraying and pouring concrete, the concrete is likely to overflow, which not only affects the overall support strength and sealing of the casting area, but also correspondingly causes waste of concrete materials. In addition, when the concrete directly contacts the corrugated steel plate, the concrete adheres to the corrugated steel plate, making it relatively difficult to remove the corrugated steel plate later. In severe cases, the corrugated steel plate is damaged and cannot be used again, resulting in waste of building materials.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides an initial tunnel support structure composed of a membrane bag concrete and a corrugated steel plate. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems proposed in the background art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A primary support structure for a tunnel combined with membrane bag concrete and corrugated steel plates according to the present invention includes a corrugated steel plate body and a membrane bag body; connecting plates are welded at both ends of the corrugated steel plate body, and a plurality of fixing holes are formed in the connecting plates. Adjacent corrugated steel plate bodies are fixed together through the connecting plates and spliced into an arch-shaped support plate. A membrane bag body is laid on the outer arc surface of the support plate. The membrane bag body is laid along the concave surface of the outer surface of the corrugated steel plate body, and the membrane bag body is filled with concrete; First, the support plate is erected, then the membrane bag body is laid flat on the convex surface of the support plate, and then, through a concrete pump, the concrete is pumped into the membrane bag body. The membrane bag body gradually inflates, so that the membrane bag body seals the pouring area between the top support plate and the soil body, and the pouring area is blocked. After the concrete in the membrane bag body dries, the volume expands and becomes larger again, enhancing the sealing performance of the pouring area port, facilitating construction operations. Thanks to the concrete screen pouring into the pouring area, the amount of mortar overflow is reduced, saving materials; at the same time, both the membrane bag body and the non-dried concrete are flexible bodies, expanding and supporting in accordance with the shape in the pouring area, and are applicable to areas with low foundation bearing capacity such as soft soil, expansive soil, and collapsible soil areas.

[0008] Preferably, a through groove is formed in the connecting plate; the membrane bag body includes a main bag body and a connecting bag body; the main bag body is laid in the concave surface of the outer surface of the corrugated steel plate body, and both ends of the main bag body are communicated with the connecting bag body, and the connecting bag body is laid in the through groove; Before attaching and covering the membrane bag body on the support plate, first lay a side of plastic film on the convex surface of the support plate, and then lay the membrane bag body on the support plate. At this time, the plastic film will not affect the laying of the membrane bag body; with this setting, during the disassembly process of the support plate after use, it is avoided that the concrete adheres to the support plate, affecting the disassembly of the support plate, that is, 100% of the steel during disassembly can be reused, saving the repair cost of the corrugated steel plate body and not generating construction waste; and the membrane bag body includes a main bag body and a connecting bag body, and the connecting bag body is embedded in the through groove. The through groove provides a buffer space for the later expansion of the connecting bag body, avoiding the connecting plate from squeezing the connecting bag body and affecting the flow of concrete between adjacent main bag bodies, ensuring that the concrete flows to each position of the membrane bag body, thereby ensuring the effective support of the soil body by the support structure and the sealing performance of the pouring area.

[0009] Preferably, an extrusion groove is formed in the inner bottom surface of the through groove; a rubber rod is provided on the connecting bag body. One end of the rubber rod is fixedly connected to the connecting bag body, and the other end of the rubber rod extends into the extrusion groove, and the other end of the rubber rod is in a gourd shape; during the process of laying the film bag body on the support plate, the rubber rod penetrates through the plastic film and then is embedded in the extrusion groove between two unfastened connecting plates. Then, the bolts between adjacent two connecting plates are tightened. The connecting plates squeeze the rubber rod in the extrusion groove, and due to the shape setting of the other end of the rubber rod, the stability between the rubber rod and the connecting plate is increased. Moreover, the other end of the rubber rod is squeezed and flattened. At this time, the rubber rod has the same function as the rubber gasket, playing a role in buffering and protecting adjacent two corrugated steel plates and improving the stability effect.

[0010] Preferably, a recess is formed in the inner side wall of the extrusion groove, and a lower push rod is arranged in the recess. The lower push rod is made of rubber material. One end of the lower push rod is fixedly connected in the recess, and the other end of the lower push rod is embedded in a card slot formed in the upper side position of the other end of the rubber rod. The card slot is inclined downward; during the tightening process of two loose connecting plates, the connecting plates gradually approach each other. At the same time, the lower push rod gradually tends to be in a vertical state and pushes down the card slot, causing the rubber rod to move in the depth direction of the extrusion groove, pulling and pressing the connecting bag body at the through groove part, further improving the firmness between the connecting bag body and the connecting plate, thereby improving the stability between the film bag body and the support plate and the fitting degree between the film bag body and the support plate.

[0011] Preferably, the other end of the rubber rod is in a gourd shape and is hollow inside; the outer side corners of the card slot are hollow inside, and an air passage is formed in the rubber rod part between the hollow part and the hollow part. The hollow part and the hollow part are communicated with each other through the air passage; the connecting plate squeezes the other end of the elastic rod, and the gas in the hollow part is blown into the hollow part through the air passage. The hollow part gradually expands and further squeezes the lower push rod, pressing the lower push rod tightly in the card slot, and further improving the connection strength between the elastic rod and the extrusion groove.

[0012] Preferably, connecting plates are provided at both ends of the support plate. The connecting plates are fixedly connected to the inner connecting plate by bolts. A protrusion is provided on the lower surface of the connecting plate. A telescopic groove is formed between the protrusion and the connecting plate. The aperture of the groove opening of the telescopic groove is set to be reduced. A bladder is provided in the telescopic groove. The bladder is fixedly connected to the bottom surface position of the telescopic groove. When building the support structure, the support structure is supported on the ground through the connecting plate, and then gas is injected into the bladder. The bladder expands and collides, pushing up the connecting plate and the support structure, making the support structure fit more closely to the soil surface. And the inflation and upward pushing amount of the bladder are adjusted according to the distance between the support structure and the soil surface to ensure the adhesion effect between the support structure and the soil. And when the support structure needs to be disassembled, the gas in the bladder is released. At this time, the support structure gradually descends, and then the bolts on the connecting plate are loosened, so that the connecting plate is not under the action of the extrusion force of the soil, and the connecting plate can be disassembled, which is convenient for construction operations. Moreover, the support structure can be built outside the soil. After the membrane bag body is laid, the support structure is transported to the culvert of the soil, and then gas is injected into the bladder according to the distance between the support structure and the soil, which is convenient, fast and easy for construction operations.

[0013] Preferably, an elastic rope is provided in the bladder. The elastic rope is in a Y shape. The bifurcated ends of the elastic rope are fixedly connected to the bottom surface position inside the bladder. The single end of the elastic rope is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the part where the bladder extends out of the telescopic groove. After the gas in the bladder is released, the bladder is pulled by the elastic rope, so that the part of the bladder protruding outside the telescopic groove is pulled into the telescopic groove to protect the bladder, reducing the risk of the bladder being punctured or broken by sharp objects on the ground. And the shape setting of the elastic rope enables the bladder to concentrate and retract towards the center position of the telescopic groove, ensuring that the bladder can be completely placed in the telescopic groove.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of binding ropes are evenly sewn on the upper surface of each main bag body; a plurality of hooks are welded at the front and rear edge positions of the support plate. The main bag body is laid on the support plate, and the binding ropes are tied to the hooks. After the membrane bag body is laid on the support plate, the binding ropes are tied to the hooks, so that the unfilled membrane bag body is stabilized on the support plate, and the membrane bag body is pre-fixed on the support plate, preventing the membrane bag body from shifting on the support plate during the process of moving the support structure to the culvert.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the rubber rod penetrates through the connecting bag body and is fixedly connected to the inner top surface position of the connecting bag body; the rubber rod penetrates through the connecting bag body, so that the whole connecting bag body is restricted in the through groove, ensuring the stability of the connecting bag body.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of connecting bags are provided between the main bag bodies in the same row, and the connecting bags connect two adjacent main bag bodies in the same row; by providing a plurality of connecting bags to connect the main bag bodies together, when pouring concrete, the concrete can spread quickly and evenly to each position in the membrane bag, so that the supporting structure composed of the membrane bag body and the support plate can resist the pressure of the soil stably and evenly.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. For the initial tunnel support structure combined by the membrane bag concrete and the corrugated steel plate of the present invention, in the pouring area between the top support plate of the membrane bag body and the soil, the pouring area is blocked. After the concrete in the membrane bag dries, its volume expands again, enhancing the sealing performance of the pouring area port, facilitating construction operations. Thanks to the concrete screen pouring into the pouring area, the amount of mortar overflow is reduced, saving materials; at the same time, both the membrane bag body and the undried concrete are flexible bodies, expanding and supporting according to the shape in the pouring area, and are applicable to areas with low foundation bearing capacity such as soft soil, expansive soil, and collapsible soil.

[0019] 2. For the initial tunnel support structure combined by the membrane bag concrete and the corrugated steel plate of the present invention, before attaching and covering the membrane bag body on the support plate, first lay a plastic film on the convex surface of the support plate, and then lay the membrane bag body on the support plate. At this time, the plastic film will not affect the laying of the membrane bag body; with this setting, during the disassembly process after the support plate is used, it is avoided that the concrete adheres to the support plate, affecting the disassembly of the support plate, that is, 100% of the steel during demolition can be reused, saving the repair cost of the corrugated steel plate body and not generating construction waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the cooperation diagram of the support structure and the tunnel soil in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a first perspective view of the support plate in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of part A in

[0024] Figure 4 is a second perspective view of the support plate in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged view of part B in

[0026] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the corrugated steel plate body in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is Figure 6 Partial enlarged view at position C in

[0028] Figure 8 is the mating diagram of the connecting plate and the connecting plate in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 is the cross-sectional view of the corrugated steel plate body in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 is the mating diagram of the communicating bag body and the main bag body in the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: corrugated steel plate body 1, film bag body 2, connecting plate 3, fixing hole 4, support plate 5, through groove 6, main bag body 7, connecting bag body 8, extrusion groove, rubber rod 10, concave part 11, lower push rod 12, clamping groove 13, air duct 14, connecting plate 15, protrusion 16, telescopic groove 17, bladder 18, elastic rope 19, binding rope 20, hook 21, communicating bag body 22. Specific embodiments

[0032] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] Refer to Figure 1-2, An initial support structure for a tunnel composed of concrete-filled membrane bags and corrugated steel plates, comprising a corrugated steel plate body 1 and a membrane bag body 2; connecting plates 3 are welded to both ends of the corrugated steel plate body 1, and a plurality of fixing holes 4 are formed in the connecting plates 3. Adjacent corrugated steel plate bodies 1 are fixed together through the connecting plates 3 and spliced into an arch-shaped support plate 5. A membrane bag body 2 is laid on the outer arc surface of the support plate 5. The membrane bag body 2 is laid along the concave surface of the outer surface of the corrugated steel plate body 1, and the membrane bag body 2 is filled with concrete; The concrete-filled membrane bag is a protective structure formed by using a continuous (or separate) bag-shaped body made of double-layer high-strength woven chemical fiber fabric as a flexible formwork and filling the bag with concrete by a high-pressure pump. It can be used as structures such as earth-rock dams, embankment slopes, river, lake, and coastal revetments and bottoms, playing a role of compaction, plugging, and stuffing; First, the support plate 5 is erected, then the membrane bag body 2 is laid flat on the convex surface 16 of the support plate 5, and then, through a concrete pump, the concrete is pumped into the membrane bag body 2. The membrane bag body 2 gradually inflates, so that the membrane bag body 2 seals the pouring area between the top support plate 5 and the soil body, and after the concrete in the membrane bag body 2 dries, its volume expands again, enhancing the sealing of the pouring area port, facilitating construction operations. Thanks to the concrete screening and pouring into the pouring area, the amount of mortar overflow is reduced, saving materials; At the same time, both the membrane bag body 2 and the undried concrete are flexible bodies, conforming to the shape expansion and support in the pouring area, and are suitable for areas with low foundation bearing capacity such as soft soil, expansive soil, and collapsible soil areas.

[0035] Refer to Figure 2-3 and Figure 6 , a through groove 6 is formed in the connecting plate 3; the membrane bag body 2 includes a main bag body 7 and a connecting bag body 8; the main bag body 7 is laid in the concave surface of the outer surface of the corrugated steel plate body 1, and both ends of the main bag body 7 are communicated with the connecting bag body 8, and the connecting bag body 8 is laid in the through groove 6; Before attaching and covering the membrane bag body 2 on the support plate 5, first lay a plastic film on the convex surface 16 of the support plate 5, and then lay the membrane bag body 2 on the support plate 5. At this time, the plastic film will not affect the laying of the membrane bag body 2; With this setting, during the disassembly process of the support plate 5 after use, it is avoided that the concrete adheres to the support plate 5, affecting the disassembly of the support plate 5, that is, 100% of the steel during demolition can be reused, saving the repair cost of the corrugated steel plate body 1 and not generating construction waste; And the membrane bag body 2 includes a main bag body 7 and a connecting bag body 8, and the connecting bag body 8 is embedded in the through groove 6. The through groove 6 provides a buffer space for the later expansion of the connecting bag body 8, avoiding the connecting plate 3 from squeezing the connecting bag body 8 and affecting the flow of concrete between adjacent main bag bodies 7, ensuring that the concrete flows to each position of the membrane bag body 2, thereby ensuring the effective support of the soil body by the support structure and the sealing of the pouring area.

[0036] Refer to Figure 6-7, an extrusion groove 9 is formed on the inner bottom surface of the through groove 6; a rubber rod 10 is provided on the connecting bag body 8. One end of the rubber rod 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting bag body 8, and the other end of the rubber rod 10 extends into the extrusion groove 9, and the other end of the rubber rod 10 is in a gourd shape; during the process of laying the film bag body 2 on the support plate 5, the rubber rod 10 penetrates through the plastic film and then is embedded in the extrusion groove 9 between two unfastened connecting plates 3. Then, the bolts between two adjacent connecting plates 3 are tightened. The connecting plate 3 squeezes the rubber rod 10 in the extrusion groove 9, and due to the shape setting of the other end of the rubber rod 10, the stability between the rubber rod 10 and the connecting plate 3 is increased. Moreover, the other end of the rubber rod 10 is squeezed and flattened. At this time, the rubber rod 10 has the same function as the rubber gasket, playing a role in buffering and protecting two adjacent corrugated steel plates 1 and improving the stability effect.

[0037] Refer to Figure 7 , a recess 11 is formed on the inner side wall of the extrusion groove 9. A lower push rod 12 is arranged in the recess 11. The lower push rod 12 is made of rubber material. One end of the lower push rod 12 is fixedly connected to the recess 11, and the other end of the lower push rod 12 is embedded in a card slot 13 formed on the upper side position of the other end of the rubber rod 10. The card slot 13 is arranged obliquely downward; during the tightening process of two loose connecting plates 3, the connecting plates 3 gradually approach each other. At the same time, the lower push rod 12 gradually tends to be in a vertical state and pushes down the card slot 13, causing the rubber rod 10 to move in the depth direction of the extrusion groove 9, pulling and pressing the connecting bag body 8 at the position of the through groove 6, further improving the firmness between the connecting bag body 8 and the connecting plate 3, thereby improving the stability between the film bag body 2 and the support plate 5 and enhancing the fitting degree between the film bag body 2 and the support plate 5.

[0038] Refer to Figure 7 , the other end of the rubber rod 10 is in a gourd shape and is hollow inside; the outer corner of the card slot 13 is hollow inside, and an air passage 14 is formed at the position of the rubber rod 10 between the hollow part and the hollow part. The hollow part and the hollow part are communicated with each other through the air passage 14; when the connecting plate 3 squeezes the other end of the elastic rod, the gas in the hollow part is blown into the hollow part through the air passage 14, and the hollow part gradually expands and further squeezes the lower push rod 12, tightly pressing the lower push rod 12 in the card slot 13, and improving the connection strength between the elastic rod and the extrusion groove 9 again.

[0039] Refer to Figure 8, two ends of the support plate 5 are provided with connecting plates 15, the connecting plates 15 are fixedly connected to the inner connecting plate 3 by bolts, the lower surface of the connecting plate 15 is provided with a protrusion 16, a telescopic groove 17 is formed between the protrusion 16 and the connecting plate 15, the aperture of the opening of the telescopic groove 17 is set to be reduced, and a bladder 18 is arranged in the telescopic groove 17, and the bladder 18 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface position of the telescopic groove 17; when building the support structure, the support structure is supported on the ground through the connecting plate 15, and then gas is pumped into the bladder 18, the bladder 18 expands and becomes larger, the bladder 18 pushes up the connecting plate 15 and the support structure, so that the support structure is more closely attached to the soil surface, and the inflation and upward pushing amount of the bladder 18 is adjusted according to the distance between the support structure and the soil surface to ensure the attachment effect between the support structure and the soil; and when the support structure needs to be disassembled, the gas in the bladder 18 is released, at this time the support structure gradually descends, and then the bolts on the connecting plate 3 are loosened, so that the connecting plate 3 is not under the action of the extrusion force of the soil, and the connecting plate 3 is disassembled, which is convenient for construction operations; furthermore, the support structure can be built outside the soil, after the membrane bag body 2 is laid, the support structure is transported into the culvert of the soil, and then according to the distance between the support structure and the soil, gas is pumped into the bladder 18, which is convenient, fast and easy for construction operations.

[0040] Refer to Figure 8 , an elastic rope 19 is arranged in the bladder 18, the elastic rope 19 is in a Y shape, the bifurcated ends of the elastic rope 19 are fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface position of the bladder 18, and the single end of the elastic rope 19 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the part where the bladder 18 extends out of the telescopic groove 17; after the gas in the bladder 18 is released, the part of the bladder 18 protruding out of the telescopic groove 17 is pulled into the telescopic groove 17 under the pulling of the elastic rope 19 to protect the bladder 18, reducing the bladder 18 being punctured and broken by sharp objects on the ground, and the shape setting of the elastic rope 19 enables the bladder 18 to centrally retract towards the center position of the telescopic groove 17, ensuring that the bladder 18 can be completely placed in the telescopic groove 17.

[0041] Refer to Figure 9 , a plurality of binding ropes 20 are uniformly sewn on the upper surface of each main bag body 7; a plurality of hooks 21 are welded at the front and rear edge positions of the support plate 5, the main bag body 7 is laid on the support plate 5, and the binding ropes 20 are bound on the hooks 21; after the membrane bag body 2 is laid on the support plate 5, the binding ropes 20 are bound on the hooks 21, so that the membrane bag body 2 without filled concrete is stabilized on the support plate 5, and the membrane bag body 2 is pre-fixed on the support plate 5 to prevent the membrane bag body 2 from shifting on the support plate 5 during the process of moving the support structure into the culvert.

[0042] Refer to Figure 6, one end of the rubber rod 10 penetrates through and is connected to the inside of the connecting bag body 8, and is fixedly connected to the inner top surface position of the connecting bag body 8; the rubber rod 10 penetrates through the connecting bag body 8, so that the whole connecting bag body 8 is restricted in the through groove 6, ensuring the stability of the connecting bag body 8.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] Refer to Figure 10 , compared with Embodiment 1, as another implementation manner of the present invention, a plurality of communicating bag bodies 22 are provided between the main bag bodies 7 in the same row, and the communicating bags communicate with two adjacent main bag bodies 7 in the same row; by providing a plurality of communicating bag bodies 22 to communicate the main bag bodies 7 with each other, when pouring concrete, the concrete can spread quickly and evenly to each position in the membrane bag, so that the supporting structure composed of the membrane bag body 2 and the support plate 5 can stably and evenly resist the pressure of the soil body.

[0045] Working principle: First, set up the support plate 5, then lay the membrane bag body 2 flat on the surface of the protrusion 16 of the support plate 5, and then pump the concrete into the membrane bag body 2 through a concrete pump. The membrane bag body 2 gradually inflates, so that the membrane bag body 2 tops the pouring area between the support plate 5 and the soil body to seal the pouring area. After the concrete in the membrane bag body 2 dries, the volume expands again, enhancing the sealing performance of the pouring area port, facilitating construction operations. Thanks to the concrete screen irrigation into the pouring area, the amount of mortar overflow is reduced, saving materials; at the same time, both the membrane bag body 2 and the undried concrete are flexible bodies, expanding and supporting according to the shape in the pouring area, and are applicable to areas with low foundation bearing capacity such as soft soil, expansive soil, and collapsible soil areas;

[0046] Before attaching and covering the membrane bag body 2 on the support plate 5, first lay a side of plastic film on the surface of the protrusion 16 of the support plate 5, and then lay the membrane bag body 2 on the support plate 5. At this time, the plastic film will not affect the laying of the membrane bag body 2; with this setting, during the disassembly process of the support plate 5 after use, it is avoided that the concrete adheres to the support plate 5, affecting the disassembly of the support plate 5, that is, 100% of the steel during disassembly can be reused, saving the repair cost of the corrugated steel plate body 1 and not generating construction waste; and the membrane bag body 2 includes a main bag body 7 and a connecting bag body 8, the connecting bag body 8 is embedded in the through groove 6, and the through groove 6 provides a buffer space for the later expansion of the connecting bag body 8, avoiding the connecting plate 3 from squeezing the connecting bag body 8 and affecting the flow of concrete between adjacent main bag bodies 7, ensuring that the concrete flows to each position of the membrane bag body 2, thereby ensuring the effective support of the soil body by the support structure and the sealing performance of the pouring area;

[0047] During the process of laying the membrane bag body 2 on the support plate 5, the rubber rod 10 penetrates through the plastic film and then is embedded in the extrusion groove 9 between the two unfastened connecting plates 3. Then, the bolts between the adjacent two connecting plates 3 are tightened. The connecting plate 3 squeezes the rubber rod 10 in the extrusion groove 9, and the shape setting of the other end of the rubber rod 10 increases the stability between the rubber rod 10 and the connecting plate 3. Moreover, the other end of the rubber rod 10 is squeezed and flattened. At this time, the rubber rod 10 has the same function as the rubber gasket, playing a role in buffering and protecting the adjacent two corrugated steel plates 1 and improving the stability effect;

[0048] During the tightening process of the two loose connecting plates 3, the connecting plates 3 gradually approach each other. At the same time, the lower push rod 12 gradually tends to be in a vertical state and presses down on the clamping groove 13, causing the rubber rod 10 to move in the depth direction of the extrusion groove 9, pulling and pressing the connecting bag body 8 at the through groove 6 part, further improving the firmness between the connecting bag body 8 and the connecting plate 3, thereby enhancing the stability between the film bag body 2 and the support plate 5 and improving the fitting degree between the film bag body 2 and the support plate 5;

[0049] The connecting plate 3 squeezes the other end of the elastic rod, and the gas in the hollow part is blown into the hollow part through the air passage 14. The hollow part gradually expands and further squeezes the lower push rod 12, tightly pressing the lower push rod 12 in the clamping groove 13, and improving the connection strength between the elastic rod and the extrusion groove 9 again;

[0050] When building this support structure, the support structure is supported on the ground through the connecting plate 15. Then, gas is blown into the bladder 18, and the bladder 18 expands and becomes larger. The bladder 18 pushes up the connecting plate 15 and the support structure, making the support structure fit more closely to the soil surface. And according to the distance between the support structure and the soil surface, the inflation and upward pushing amount of the bladder 18 are adjusted to ensure the attachment effect between the support structure and the soil; and when it is necessary to disassemble the support structure, the gas in the bladder 18 is released. At this time, the support structure gradually descends. Then, the bolts on the connecting plate 3 are loosened, so that the connecting plate 3 is not under the action of the soil extrusion force, and the connecting plate 3 is disassembled, which is convenient for construction operations; moreover, this support structure can be built outside the soil. After the membrane bag body 2 is laid, the support structure is transported into the culvert of the soil, and then according to the distance between the support structure and the soil, gas is blown into the bladder 18, which is convenient, fast and easy for construction operations;

[0051] After the bladder 18 releases gas, under the pulling of the elastic rope 19, the part of the bladder 18 protruding outside the telescopic groove 17 is pulled into the telescopic groove 17 to protect the bladder 18, reducing the risk of the bladder 18 being punctured or broken by sharp objects on the ground. Also, due to the shape setting of the elastic rope 19, the bladder 18 can be concentrated and retracted towards the center position of the telescopic groove 17, ensuring that the bladder 18 can be completely placed within the telescopic groove 17. After the membrane bag body 2 is laid on the support plate 5, the binding rope 20 is tied to the hook 21, so that the membrane bag body 2 without filled concrete is stabilized on the support plate 5, and the membrane bag body 2 is pre-fixed on the support plate 5 to prevent the membrane bag body 2 from shifting in position on the support plate 5 during the process of moving the support structure into the culvert.

[0052] The rubber rod 10 penetrates and connects the connecting bag body 8, so that the whole connecting bag body 8 is restricted within the through groove 6 to ensure the stability of the connecting bag body 8. A plurality of communicating bag bodies 22 are provided to connect the main bag bodies 7 together, so that when pouring concrete, the concrete can spread quickly and evenly to every position within the membrane bag, enabling the support structure composed of the membrane bag body 2 and the support plate 5 to resist the pressure of the soil stably and evenly.

[0053] The above front, back, left, right, up, and down are all based on the Figure 1 in the accompanying drawings of the specification. Taking the perspective of the person observing as the standard, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An initial support structure for a tunnel composed of membrane bag concrete and corrugated steel plates, characterized in that: It includes a corrugated steel plate body (1) and a membrane bag body (2); both ends of the corrugated steel plate body (1) are welded with connecting plates (3), and a plurality of fixing holes (4) are formed in the connecting plates (3). Adjacent corrugated steel plate bodies (1) are fixed together through the connecting plates (3) and spliced into an arched support plate (5). The outer arc surface of the support plate (5) is provided with a membrane bag body (2), and the membrane bag body (2) is laid along the concave surface of the outer surface of the corrugated steel plate body (1). The membrane bag body (2) is filled with concrete. A through groove (6) is formed in the connecting plate (3); the membrane bag body (2) includes a main bag body (7) and a connecting bag body (8); the main bag body (7) is laid in the concave surface of the outer surface of the corrugated steel plate body (1), and both ends of the main bag body (7) are communicated with the connecting bag body (8), and the connecting bag body (8) is laid in the through groove (6). An extrusion groove (9) is formed on the inner bottom surface of the through groove (6); a rubber rod (10) is provided on the connecting bag body (8). One end of the rubber rod (10) is fixedly connected to the connecting bag body (8), and the other end of the rubber rod (10) extends into the extrusion groove (9), and the other end of the rubber rod (10) is in a gourd shape. A recess (11) is formed on the inner side wall of the extrusion groove (9), and a lower push rod (12) is provided in the recess (11). The lower push rod (12) is made of rubber material. One end of the lower push rod (12) is fixedly connected to the recess (11), and the other end of the lower push rod (12) is embedded in a clamping groove (13) formed at the upper side position of the other end of the rubber rod (10). The clamping groove (13) is inclined downward. The other end of the rubber rod (10) in the gourd shape is hollow inside; the outer corner of the outside of the clamping groove (13) is hollow inside, and an air passage (14) is formed in the part of the rubber rod (10) between the inside of the gourd shape and the inside of the outer corner. The inside of the gourd shape and the inside of the outer corner are communicated with each other through the air passage (14).

2. The initial support structure for a tunnel composed of concrete-filled membrane bags and corrugated steel plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the support plate (5) are provided with connecting plates (15). The connecting plates (15) are bolted to the connecting plates (3). A protrusion (16) is provided on the lower surface of the connecting plate (15). A telescopic groove (17) is formed between the protrusion (16) and the connecting plate (15). The aperture of the groove opening of the telescopic groove (17) is reduced. A bladder (18) is provided in the telescopic groove (17), and the bladder (18) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface position of the telescopic groove (17).

3. The initial support structure of a tunnel combined with membrane bag concrete and corrugated steel plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic cord (19) is provided in the bladder (18). The elastic cord (19) is in a Y shape. The bifurcated ends of the elastic cord (19) are fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface position of the bladder (18), and the single end of the elastic cord (19) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the part where the bladder (18) extends out of the telescopic groove (17).

4. A primary support structure for a tunnel composed of concrete in membrane bags and corrugated steel plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of binding ropes (20) are evenly sewn on the upper surface of each main bag body (7); a plurality of hooks (21) are welded at the front and rear edge positions of the support plate (5). The main bag body (7) is laid on the support plate (5), and the binding ropes (20) are bound on the hooks (21).

5. The initial support structure for a tunnel composed of membrane bag concrete and corrugated steel plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rubber rod (10) penetrates through the connecting bag body (8) and is fixedly connected to the inner top surface position of the connecting bag body (8).

6. The initial support structure for a tunnel composed of membrane bag concrete and corrugated steel plates according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting bags (22) are arranged between the main bags (7) in the same row, and the connecting bags connect two adjacent main bags (7) in the same row.

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