Surgical instrument

Abstract

The present invention provides a surgical instrument, comprising: a handle assembly including a main body, a first handle and a second handle, the first handle being fixedly connected to the main body, and the second handle being movably connected to the main body; an end effector connected to the main body of the handle assembly; a first transmission assembly, wherein the second handle, the first transmission assembly and the end effector are configured such that: the second handle moves relative to the first handle to drive the first transmission assembly, and then the first transmission assembly drives the end effector; and an energy switch configured to be switchable between an activation position and a release position, the energy switch being configured such that energy is transmitted to the end effector when in the activation position, and the energy switch being configured such that energy is not transmitted to the end effector when in the release position, the energy switch being disposed on the first handle and on the side opposite to the side of the first handle facing the second handle.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application named "Surgical Instrument" with the application number 202111454666.0, filed on December 2, 2021. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a surgical instrument. Background Art

[0003] With the progress of technology, more and more surgical instruments have been introduced into surgical and / or medical procedures, such as bipolar surgical instruments, monopolar surgical instruments, ultrasonic scalpels, and so on. The end effector of a bipolar surgical instrument includes two openable and closable electrodes. During a surgical procedure, the two electrodes clamp the target tissue and close, and then electrical energy is applied to the two electrodes to sinter and / or cauterize the target tissue, thereby achieving the closure and / or cutting of the target tissue. The end effector of a monopolar surgical instrument includes a source electrode and a return electrode. By mechanically clamping the target tissue with the two and applying electrical energy to the source electrode, the target tissue can also be sintered and / or cauterized, thereby achieving the closure and / or cutting of the target tissue. The end effector of an ultrasonic scalpel includes an ultrasonic knife head and an auxiliary knife head. During a surgical procedure, the ultrasonic knife head and the auxiliary knife head clamp the target tissue and close, and then ultrasonic energy is applied to the ultrasonic knife head, thereby achieving the closure and / or cutting of the target tissue. That is to say, there are a large number of surgical instruments whose operation processes involve both the opening and closing of the end effector and the application of energy to the end effector. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a surgical instrument, including: a handle assembly, including a main body, a first handle, and a second handle, the first handle being fixedly connected to the main body, and the second handle being movably connected to the main body; an end effector connected to the main body of the handle assembly; a first transmission assembly, wherein the second handle, the first transmission assembly, and the end effector are configured such that: the second handle moves relative to the first handle to drive the first transmission assembly, and further the first transmission assembly drives the end effector; and an energy switch configured to be switchable between an activation position and a release position, wherein the energy switch is configured such that energy is transmitted to the end effector when in the activation position, and the energy switch is configured such that energy is not transmitted to the end effector when in the release position, and the energy switch is disposed on the first handle and is located on the opposite side of the first handle facing the second handle in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the first transmission assembly.

[0005] For example, the surgical instrument further includes a locking assembly configured to be switchable between a locked position and an unlocked position. Wherein, the locking assembly and the energy switch are configured such that when the locking assembly is in the locked position, the energy switch is restricted to the release position; the locking assembly and the energy switch are configured such that when the locking assembly is in the unlocked position, the energy switch is switchable between the firing position and the release position.

[0006] For example, the locking assembly is connected to the second handle, and the second handle moves relative to the first handle to drive the locking assembly to switch between the locked position and the unlocked position.

[0007] For example, the second handle, the end effector, and the locking assembly are configured such that when the second handle moves towards the first handle, it drives the locking assembly towards the unlocked position and drives the end effector towards the closed position via the first transmission assembly; and when the second handle moves away from the first handle, it drives the locking assembly towards the locked position and drives the end effector towards the open position via the first transmission assembly.

[0008] For example, the locking assembly includes a limit rod, a locking rod, and a reset element. Wherein, the limit rod is configured to be switchable between a limiting position and a non-limiting position; the locking assembly is configured such that when in the locked position, the limit rod is in the limiting position, and the reset element is in the reset state, and the locking rod abuts between the energy switch and the limit rod to restrict the energy switch to the release position; the locking assembly is configured such that when in the unlocked position, the limit rod is in the non-limiting position, the end of the locking rod facing the energy switch abuts against the energy switch while the end of the locking rod facing the limit rod does not abut against the limit rod and becomes a free end, so that the energy switch is switchable between the firing position and the release position. Wherein, under the action of an external force, the energy switch moves from the release position to the firing position and drives the locking rod to move, the locking rod drives the reset element to generate a deformation resulting in an elastic restoring force, and wherein, when the external force is removed, the reset element returns to the reset state under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the locking rod to move, and the locking rod drives the energy switch to move from the firing position to the release position.

[0009] For example, at least a part of the limit rod is located within the first handle and on the side of the energy switch facing the second handle and is spaced apart from the energy switch by an interval; the locking rod and the reset element are located within the first handle and at the interval between the limit rod and the energy switch, and have extending directions intersecting with the limit rod and the energy switch respectively.

[0010] For example, a receiving structure is provided inside the first handle; the reset element is connected to the locking rod, sleeved on a part of the locking rod, and together with the part of the locking rod is received in the receiving structure. The receiving structure has an opening for the end of the locking rod facing the limiting rod to pass through. In a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking rod, the size of the reset element is larger than the size of the opening; the locking rod has a limiting platform, and the limiting platform is located inside the receiving structure and is closer to the energy switch than the reset element.

[0011] For example, the limiting rod is connected to the second handle. The second handle moves towards the first handle to drive the limiting rod to move towards the non-limiting position, and the second handle moves away from the first handle to drive the limiting rod to move towards the limiting position.

[0012] For example, the surgical instrument includes a first chute, at least part of which is disposed inside the main body of the handle assembly. The first chute has a first end close to the first handle and a second end far from the first handle; a part of the second handle located inside the main body of the handle assembly has a second chute. The second chute is disposed on a side of the part facing the first handle. The second chute has a first end close to the second handle and a second end far from the second handle; the limiting rod has a first protrusion and a second protrusion arranged opposite to each other. The first protrusion is slidably connected inside the first chute, and the second protrusion is slidably connected inside the second chute; the cooperation between the first chute and the first protrusion and between the second chute and the second protrusion is as follows: when the second handle moves towards the first handle, the second protrusion slides in the second chute from the second end of the second chute towards the first end of the second chute, and further causes the first protrusion to slide from the first end of the first chute towards the second end of the first chute, so as to drive the limiting rod to the non-limiting position; the cooperation between the first chute and the first protrusion and between the second chute and the second protrusion is as follows: when the second handle moves away from the first handle, the second protrusion slides in the second chute from the first end of the second chute towards the second end of the second chute, and further causes the first protrusion to slide from the second end of the first chute towards the first end of the first chute, so as to drive the limiting rod to the limiting position.

[0013] For example, the extending direction of the first chute coincides with the extending direction of the limiting rod; the extending direction of the second chute intersects with the extending direction of the first chute.

[0014] For example, the surgical instrument further includes a beeper diaphragm disposed within the first handle. A third protrusion is provided on the limiting rod. When the second handle moves toward the first handle to drive the limiting rod to the non-limiting position, the third protrusion triggers the beeper diaphragm to emit a beeping sound.

[0015] For example, the energy switch has an activation protrusion protruding toward the interior of the first handle. A circuit switch is provided within the first handle. The energy switch is configured such that when in the activation position, the activation protrusion presses the circuit switch to conduct the energy path from the energy source to the end effector, so that energy is transmitted from the energy source to the end effector. The energy switch is further configured such that when in the release position, the activation protrusion is spaced apart from the circuit switch to prevent the circuit switch from conducting the energy path from the energy source to the end effector, so that energy cannot be transmitted from the energy source to the end effector.

[0016] For example, the energy switch serves as part of the housing of the first handle.

[0017] For example, the energy switch has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end is closer to the main body of the handle assembly than the first end. Along the direction from the first end to the second end of the energy switch, the energy switch includes a first portion and a second portion. The second portion is closer to the main body of the handle assembly than the first portion. The second portion is integrally formed with the first portion and bends away from the first handle. At any position of the first portion, the cross-section perpendicular to the extending direction of the energy switch is arched, and along the direction from the second end to the first end of the energy switch, the height of the arch increases.

[0018] For example, the second portion is bent such that the end thereof close to the main body of the handle assembly matches the outer contour of the main body of the handle assembly.

[0019] For example, the energy switch has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end is closer to the main body of the handle assembly than the first end. A card slot is provided at the second end of the energy switch, and a pivot is provided within the first handle. The card slot is engaged with the pivot and can rotate around the pivot. A first engaging structure protruding toward the interior of the first handle is provided between the first end and the second end of the energy switch, and a second engaging structure is provided within the first handle. When the energy switch is in the release position, the first engaging structure and the second engaging structure are engaged with each other. When the energy switch switches between the activation position and the release position, the first engaging structure moves relative to the second engaging structure to move away from or closer to the second handle.

[0020] For example, the first handle has a first half-shell and a second half-shell, the first half-shell and the second half-shell are connected to each other to define a chamber and a groove located outside the chamber, the pivot and the second clamping structure are located in the chamber, the bottom of the groove is provided with a first opening and a second opening, the clamping groove is clamped to the pivot through the first opening and the first clamping structure is clamped to the second clamping structure through the second opening to connect the energy switch to the first handle and cover the groove.

[0021] For example, the side of the first handle facing the second handle does not have a deformable structure under pressing.

[0022] For example, the surgical instrument includes a reset mechanism; the end effector includes a first arm and a second arm that can be opened and closed; the second handle, the first transmission component, the reset mechanism and the end effector are configured such that: under the action of an external force, the second handle moves towards the first handle to drive the first transmission component, and then the reset mechanism generates a deformation that causes an elastic restoring force, and the first transmission component drives the first arm and the second arm of the end effector to close; and when the external force is withdrawn, the reset mechanism resets under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the first transmission component to move, and then drives the second handle to move away from the first handle and drives the first arm and the second arm of the end effector to open.

[0023] For example, the surgical instrument further includes a blade and a second transmission component, the blade is connected to the end of the second transmission component facing the end effector; the handle assembly further includes a third handle, the third handle is movably connected to the main body of the handle assembly, and the third handle, the second transmission component and the blade are configured such that: the third handle moves relative to the first handle to drive the second transmission component, and then the second transmission component drives the blade to move towards or away from the end effector. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of a surgical instrument provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 For Figure 1Schematic diagram of the internal structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown, where the second handle is in the initial state, the energy switch is in the released position, and the third handle is in the initial state;

[0027] Figure 3 For Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown, where the second handle is pressed towards the first handle, the energy switch is in the released position, and the third handle is in the initial state;

[0028] Figure 4 For Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown, where the second handle is pressed towards the first handle, the energy switch is in the activated position, and the third handle is in the initial state;

[0029] Figure 5 For Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown, where the second handle is pressed towards the first handle, the energy switch is in the activated position, and the third handle is in the blade - pushing state;

[0030] Figure 6 For Figure 1 Exploded view of part B of the surgical instrument shown;

[0031] Figure 7a For Figure 1 Overall schematic diagram of the energy switch of the surgical instrument shown;

[0032] Figure 7b For Figure 1 External structure schematic diagram of part A of the surgical instrument shown, where the first handle is not equipped with an energy switch; and

[0033] Figure 8 Another overall schematic diagram of a surgical instrument provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this patent application for invention do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. The terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or items appearing before this term cover the elements or items listed after this term and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms such as "inside", "outside", "above", "below", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0036] The drawings in this disclosure are not strictly drawn to actual scale, and the specific dimensions and quantities of each structure can be determined according to actual needs. The drawings described in this disclosure are only schematic diagrams of structures.

[0037] It should be noted that although most of the drawings in this disclosure depict a bipolar electrosurgical unit for use in laparoscopic surgery, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. The surgical instruments of the embodiments of this disclosure can also be used in traditional open surgical procedures, and the surgical instruments of the embodiments of this disclosure can also be a monopolar electrosurgical unit, a harmonic scalpel, or any surgical instrument involving the opening and closing operation of the end effector and the application of energy.

[0038] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a surgical instrument is provided. Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of a surgical instrument provided for an embodiment of this disclosure is shown in Figure 1 , the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of this disclosure includes: a handle assembly, including a main body 10, a first handle 31 and a second handle 32, wherein the first handle 31 is fixedly connected to the main body 10, and the second handle 32 is movably connected to the main body 10; an end effector 21, connected to the main body 10 of the handle assembly; a first transmission assembly 41, wherein the second handle 32, the first transmission assembly 41 and the end effector 21 are configured such that: the second handle 32 moves relative to the first handle 31 to drive the first transmission assembly 41, and then the first transmission assembly 41 drives the end effector 21; and an energy switch 50, configured to be switchable between an activation position and a release position, wherein the energy switch 50 is configured such that energy is transmitted to the end effector 21 when in the activation position, the energy switch 50 is configured such that energy is not transmitted to the end effector 21 when in the release position, and the energy switch 50 is disposed on the first handle 31 and on the opposite side of the side of the first handle 31 facing the second handle 32. For example, the energy switch 50 is located on the opposite side of the side of the first handle 31 facing the second handle 32 in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the first transmission assembly 41.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy switch 50 is located on the side of the first handle 31 opposite to the side facing the second handle 32, that is, the energy switch 50 and the second handle 32 are respectively located on opposite sides of the first handle 31. When operating the surgical instrument, the operator holds the first handle 31 in a single-handed grip; by respectively arranging the energy switch 50 and the second handle 32 on opposite sides of the first handle 31, the operator can press the second handle 32 towards the first handle 31 with the fingers of the single hand to control the second handle 32, and press the energy switch 50 towards the first handle 31 with the palm of the single hand to control the energy switch 50. In this way, the relative movement of the second handle 32 and the energy switch 50 matches the relative movement of the fingers and the palm when the single hand is in a gripping posture, so that the operation process of the surgical instrument matches the single-handed gripping action of the operator, which is more ergonomic and more convenient to operate. Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy switch 50 is arranged on the first handle 31. On the one hand, it can make the structure of the surgical instrument more compact and concise. On the other hand, it is more convenient for the palm of the hand holding the first handle 31 to press and control the energy switch 50, increasing the convenience of operation.

[0040] It should be noted that since the first handle 31 is fixedly connected to the main body 10 of the handle assembly, the second handle 32 and the third handle 33 described below move relative to the first handle 31, that is, relative to the main body 10 of the handle assembly.

[0041] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first transmission assembly 41 is connected between the main body 10 of the handle assembly and the end effector 21.

[0042] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first handle 31 is farther from the end effector than the second handle 32.

[0043] For example, when operating a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31 to drive the end effector 21 to close via the first transmission assembly 41. After the end effector 21 is closed, the energy switch 50 is pressed so that the energy switch 50 reaches the firing position, and energy is transmitted to the end effector 21; that is, the operation of pressing the second handle 32 towards the first handle 31 with the finger precedes the operation of pressing the energy switch 50 towards the first handle 31 with the palm. To prevent the palm from prematurely and undesirably pressing the energy switch 50 to the firing position during the operation of pressing the second handle 32 towards the first handle 31 with the finger, the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a locking assembly. For example, the locking assembly is configured to be switchable between a locked position and an unlocked position; the locking assembly and the energy switch 50 are configured such that when the locking assembly is in the locked position, the energy switch 50 is restricted to the release position; the locking assembly and the energy switch 50 are configured such that when the locking assembly is in the unlocked position, the energy switch 50 can be switched between the firing position and the release position. The locking assembly locks the energy switch 50, and the locking of the energy switch 50 by the locking assembly is released only when it is necessary to press the energy switch 50 to the firing position. In this way, it is possible to prevent the palm from prematurely and undesirably pressing the energy switch 50 to the firing position during the operation of pressing the second handle 32 towards the first handle 31 with the finger, and it is possible to prevent any accidental touch of the energy switch 50 that causes the energy switch 50 to undesirably reach the firing position.

[0044] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking assembly is connected to the second handle 32, and the second handle 32 moves relative to the first handle 31 to drive the locking assembly to switch between a locked position and an unlocked position. Through such an arrangement, the locking assembly can be controlled by the second handle 32, and no dedicated control component needs to be provided for the locking assembly, making the structure of the surgical instrument more compact and concise. Further, when the second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31, it drives the locking assembly to move towards the unlocked position, and when the second handle 32 moves away from the first handle 31, it drives the locking assembly to move towards the locked position; in addition, when the second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31, it can also drive the end effector 21 to move towards the closed position via the first transmission assembly 41, and when the second handle 32 moves away from the first handle 31, it can also drive the end effector 21 to move towards the open position via the first transmission assembly 41. In this way, by operating the second handle 32, the unlocking process of the locking assembly is synchronized with the closing process of the end effector 21, and the locking process of the locking assembly is synchronized with the opening process of the end effector 21, simplifying the operation steps of the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure and simplifying the structure of the surgical instrument. For example, once the second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31 to reach the position where the end effector 21 is closed, the locking assembly reaches the unlocked position simultaneously with the second handle 32 when the end effector 21 reaches the closed position, releasing the locking effect of the locking assembly on the energy switch 50; that is, the energy switch 50 is unlocked while the end effector 21 is closed, so that the energy application operation of the energy switch 50 can be smoothly connected immediately after the closing operation of the end effector 20.

[0045] See Figure 1 , the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is connected to an external energy source 70 through a transmission wire; however, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may also adopt an internal energy source.

[0046] For the convenience of subsequent description, parts A and B of the surgical instrument are marked in Figure 1 ; Figures 2 to 5 are schematic diagrams of the internal structures of part A, and the second handle 32, the energy switch 50, and the third handle 33 have different position states in Figures 2 to 5 . Figure 2 is the initial state of the surgical instrument, in which the second handle 32 is away from the first handle 31 and in the initial state of not being pressed, the energy switch 50 is in the released position, and the third handle 33 is in the initial state. In Figure 3 , the second handle 32 is pressed towards the first handle 31, the energy switch 50 is in the released position, and the third handle 33 is in the initial state. See Figure 2 and Figure 3, the locking assembly includes: a limiting rod 61, a locking rod 62 and a reset element 63. The limiting rod 62 is configured to be switchable between a limiting position and a non-limiting position; see Figure 2 , when the locking assembly is in the locked position, the limiting rod 61 is in the limiting position, and the reset element 63 is in the reset state. The locking rod 62 abuts between the energy switch 50 and the limiting rod 61 to limit the energy switch 50 in the release position; see Figure 3 , when the locking assembly is in the unlocked position, the limiting rod 61 is in the non-limiting position. The end of the locking rod 62 facing the energy switch 50 abuts against the energy switch 50, while the end of the locking rod 62 facing the limiting rod 61 does not abut against the limiting rod 61 and becomes a free end, so that the energy switch 50 can be switched between the firing position and the release position. For example, under the action of an external force (i.e., pressing with the palm), the energy switch 50 moves from the release position to the firing position and drives the locking rod 62 to move. The locking rod 62 drives the reset element 63 to generate a deformation that causes an elastic restoring force. When the external force is removed (i.e., the palm no longer presses the energy switch 50), the reset element 63 returns to the reset state under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the locking rod 62 to move. The locking rod 62 drives the energy switch 50 to move from the firing position to the release position. By making the locking assembly have the above structure, not only can the locking function of the energy switch 50 be realized, but also the energy switch 50 can be ensured to reset to the release position after the energy is applied.

[0047] For example, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 , at least a part of the limiting rod 61 is located in the first handle 31 and on the side of the energy switch 50 facing the second handle 32, and is spaced apart from the energy switch 50 by a certain interval; the locking rod 62 and the reset element 63 are located in the first handle 31 and at the interval between the limiting rod 61 and the energy switch 50, and have extending directions intersecting with the limiting rod 61 and the energy switch 50 respectively. Further, for example, the limiting rod 61 and the energy switch 50 generally extend along the extending direction of the first handle 31, and the locking rod 62 intersects with the limiting rod 61 and the energy switch 50 generally perpendicularly.

[0048] For example, continue to see Figure 2 and Figure 3, a receiving structure 81 is provided inside the first handle 31; the reset element 63 is connected to the locking rod 62, sleeved on a part of the locking rod 62 and together with a part of the locking rod 62 is received inside the receiving structure 81. The receiving structure 81 has an opening 81h for the end of the locking rod 62 facing the limiting rod 61 to pass through. In the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking rod 62, the size of the reset element 63 is larger than the size of the opening 81h. Through such a setting, the reset element 63 can be restricted inside the receiving structure 81 so that when the energy switch 50 is pressed by the palm, the locking rod 62 can drive the reset element 63 to generate a deformation resulting in an elastic restoring force. For example, continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the locking rod 62 has a limiting platform 621. The limiting platform 621 is located inside the receiving structure 81 and is closer to the energy switch 50 than the reset element 63. As described above, when the external force is removed (i.e., the palm no longer presses the energy switch 50), the reset element 63 returns to the reset state under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the locking rod 62 to move. The locking rod 62 drives the energy switch 50 to move from the excitation position to the release position. In this case, in order to prevent the elastic restoring force of the reset element 63 from bouncing the energy switch 50 away from the first handle 31, the above-mentioned limiting platform 621 is provided. Through the mutual cooperation of the reset element 63 and the limiting platform 621, the energy switch 50 can be accurately reset to the release position after the external force is removed.

[0049] As described above, the locking assembly is connected to the second handle 32. For example, more specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the limiting rod 61 of the locking assembly is connected to the second handle 32. The second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31 to drive the limiting rod 61 to the non-limiting position, and the second handle 32 moves away from the first handle 31 to drive the limiting rod 61 to the limiting position. For example, the following structure is adopted to make the limiting rod 61 move with the second handle 32. Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the surgical instrument includes a first chute 111, at least partially disposed within the body 10 of the handle assembly. The first chute 111 has a first end near the first handle 31 and a second end away from the first handle 31. A portion of the second handle 32 within the body 10 of the handle assembly has a second chute 112. The second chute 112 is disposed on a side of the portion facing the first handle 31. The second chute 112 has a first end near the second handle 32 and a second end away from the second handle 32. The limiting rod 61 has a first protrusion 611 and a second protrusion 611' disposed opposite to each other. The first protrusion 611 is slidably connected within the first chute 111, and the second protrusion 611' is slidably connected within the second chute 112. The cooperation between the first chute 111 and the first protrusion 611, and between the second chute 112 and the second protrusion 611' is as follows: When the second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31, the second protrusion 611' slides within the second chute 112 from the second end of the second chute 112 towards the first end of the second chute 112, and further causes the first protrusion 611 to slide from the first end of the first chute 111 towards the second end of the first chute 111, so as to drive the limiting rod 61 to a non-limiting position. The cooperation between the first chute 111 and the first protrusion 611, and between the second chute 112 and the second protrusion 611' is also as follows: When the second handle 32 moves away from the first handle 31, the second protrusion 611' slides within the second chute 112 from the first end of the second chute 112 towards the second end of the second chute 112, and further causes the first protrusion 611 to slide from the second end of the first chute 111 towards the first end of the first chute 111, so as to drive the limiting rod 61 to a limiting position. For example, the entire first chute 111 is located within the body 10 of the handle assembly. For example, a part of the first chute 111 is located within the body 10 of the handle assembly, and another part is located within the first handle 31. For example, the extending direction of the first chute 111 coincides with the extending direction of the limiting rod 61; the extending direction of the second chute 112 intersects with the extending direction of the first chute 111, so that the process of the second handle 32 driving the limiting rod 61 to move is smoother. For example, refer to Figure 2 , the second handle 32 has a protrusion within the body 10 of the handle assembly. The protrusion protrudes from the second handle 32 towards the first handle 31, and the second chute 112 is disposed on the protrusion. By manipulating the second handle 32, when the end effector 21 is closed, the limiting rod 61 reaches the non-limiting position, so that the locking assembly reaches the unlocking position and the energy switch 50 is unlocked.

[0050] For example, continue Figure 2 and Figure 3, the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a beeper diaphragm 82 disposed within the first handle 31; a third protrusion 612 is provided on the limiting rod 61; when the second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31 to drive the limiting rod 61 to a non-limiting position, the third protrusion 612 triggers the beeper diaphragm 82 to emit a beeping sound. The fact that the limiting rod 61 reaches the non-limiting position indicates that the locking assembly reaches the unlocking position, the locking effect of the locking assembly on the energy switch 50 is released, and at the same time the end effector 21 closes. By providing the mutually cooperating beeper diaphragm 82 and the third protrusion 612 and enabling the third protrusion 612 to trigger the beeper diaphragm 82 to emit a beeping sound when the limiting rod 61 reaches the non-limiting position, the operator can be reminded that the end effector 21 has closed and the energy switch 50 has been unlocked, and the operator can safely perform subsequent energy application operations. Combining Figure 2 and Figure 3 it can be seen that the third protrusion 612 moves with the limiting rod 61 to impact the beeper diaphragm 82, and the beeper diaphragm 82 emits a beeping sound when impacted.

[0051] Figure 6 is Figure 1 an exploded view of part B of the surgical instrument shown. It should be noted that in the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 6 the pull rod 412, the blade 22 and the second transmission assembly 42 connected thereto shown are all sleeved within the sleeve 411; for ease of understanding, they are shown in an exploded state in Figure 6 . Combining Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the first transmission assembly 41 includes a sleeve 411 and a pull rod 412; the end effector 21 includes an openable and closable first arm 211 and a second arm 212, one of the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 411, and the other of the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 411; each of the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 has a pin hole 21h, and the end of the pull rod 412 has a pin 4121 that cooperates with the pin hole 21h. By inserting the pin 4121 into the pin hole 21h of each of the first arm 211 and the second arm 212, the operator presses the second handle 32 towards the first handle 31 to cause relative movement between the sleeve 411 and the pull rod 412, driving the pin 4121 to move in the pin hole 21h to open and close the first arm 211 and the second arm 212. For example, when the second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31 to drive the end 41E of the first transmission assembly 41, relative movement is generated between the sleeve 411 and the pull rod 412. For example, when the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 open, the end effector 21 opens; when the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 close, the end effector 21 closes.

[0052] See Figure 2, the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a reset mechanism 91; the second handle 32, the first transmission assembly 41, the reset mechanism 91 and the end effector 21 are configured such that under the action of an external force (i.e., when the operator's finger presses), the second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31 to drive the first transmission assembly 41, and then the reset mechanism 91 generates a deformation that results in an elastic restoring force and the first transmission assembly 41 drives the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 of the end effector 21 to close; and when the external force is removed (i.e., the operator's finger no longer presses the second handle 32), the reset mechanism resets under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the first transmission assembly 41 to move, and then drives the second handle 32 to move away from the first handle 31 and drives the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 of the end effector 21 to open.

[0053] For example, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a blade 22 and a second transmission assembly 42, the blade 22 is connected to the end of the second transmission assembly 42 facing the end effector 21; the handle assembly further includes a third handle 33, and the third handle 33 is movably connected to the main body 10 of the handle assembly; the third handle 33, the second transmission assembly 42 and the blade 22 are configured such that the third handle 33 moves relative to the first handle 31 to drive the second transmission assembly 42, and then the second transmission assembly 42 drives the blade 22 to move towards or away from the end effector 21. For example, when the operator's finger presses the third handle 33 towards the first handle 31, the third handle 33 pushes the end 42E of the second transmission assembly 42 (refer to Figure 2 ), and then the second transmission assembly 42 pushes the blade 22 towards the end of the end effector 21 away from the main body 10 of the handle assembly to cut the tissue clamped by the end effector 21. When the external force is removed (i.e., the operator's finger no longer presses the third handle 33), the third handle 33 and the second transmission assembly 42 return to the initial state, and the blade 22 moves in the direction away from the end effector 21.

[0054] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second transmission assembly 42 is connected between the main body 10 of the handle assembly and the blade 22.

[0055] For example, in an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the second handle 32 is farther from the end effector 21 than the third handle 33, and the first handle 31 is farther from the end effector 21 than the second handle 32.

[0056] Combined with Figures 1 to 6 , the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure operates as follows. In Figure 2In the initial state shown, the second handle is in the initial state, the energy switch is in the release position, the third handle is in the initial state, and the end effector 21 is in the open state. The operator holds the first handle 31 with one hand and positions the surgical instrument at a position where the target tissue is located between the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 of the end effector 21; see Figure 3 , the operator's finger presses the second handle 32 towards the first handle 31, the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 of the end effector 21 close to clamp the target tissue, the limit rod 61 reaches the non-limiting position to release the locking of the locking component on the energy switch 50, and the third protrusion 612 hits the sound-emitting elastic piece 82 to emit a prompt sound to prompt the operator that the next operation can be performed; see Figure 4 , the operator's palm presses the energy switch 50 so that the energy switch 50 reaches the firing position, and energy is transmitted from the energy source 70 to the end effector 21 to seal the target tissue; see Figure 5 , the operator's finger (for example, a finger different from the finger operating the second handle 32) presses the third handle 33 towards the first handle 31 to push the blade 22 towards the end of the end effector 21 away from the main body 10 of the handle assembly to cut the target tissue. After cutting, the operator releases the second handle 32, the third handle 33, and the energy switch 50. Under the action of the first transmission component 41 and the second transmission component 42, the second handle 32 and the third handle 33 are reset. The locking rod 62 is reset under the elastic restoring force of the reset component 63 to drive the energy switch 50 to reset. The limit rod 61 reaches the limiting position under the drive of the second handle 32 to hold the locking rod 63 between the limit rod 61 and the energy switch 50, thereby locking the energy switch 50 in the release position, and the entire surgical instrument returns to Figure 2 the initial state.

[0057] For example, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the energy switch 50 has a firing protrusion 55 protruding towards the inside of the first handle 31; a circuit switch 85 is provided inside the first handle 31; the energy switch 50 is configured such that when in the firing position, the firing protrusion 55 presses the circuit switch 85 so that the circuit switch 85 conducts the energy path from the energy source 70 to the end effector 21, and thus energy is transmitted from the energy source 70 to the end effector 21; the energy switch 50 is configured such that when in the release position, the firing protrusion 55 is spaced apart from the circuit switch 85 so that the circuit switch 85 cannot conduct the energy path from the energy source 70 to the end effector 21, and thus energy cannot be transmitted from the energy source 70 to the end effector 21.

[0058] As described above, the energy switch 50 is disposed on the first handle 31; further, for example, the energy switch 50 serves as a part of the housing of the first handle 31, so that the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has a simpler structure and better aesthetics. For example, referring to Figure 2 , in the extending direction of the first handle 31, the energy switch 50 extends substantially from one end of the first handle 31 close to the main body 10 of the handle assembly to the other end of the first handle 32 away from the main body 10 of the handle assembly. Figure 8 Another overall schematic diagram of a surgical instrument provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; for example, referring to Figure 8 , the size of the energy switch 50 can be appropriately reduced compared to Figure 2 , so that the energy switch 50 is located in the middle region of the first handle 31 in the extending direction of the first handle 31.

[0059] Figure 7a is Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram of the energy switch of the surgical instrument shown. Referring to Figure 7a , the energy switch 50 has a first end 51 and a second end 52 opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end 52 is closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the first end 51; along the direction from the first end 51 to the second end 52 of the energy switch 50, the energy switch 50 includes a first part 50A and a second part 50B, the second part 50B is closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the first part 50A, the second part 50B is integrally formed with the first part 50A and bends away from the first handle 31 from the first part 50A; at any position of the first part 50A, the cross-section perpendicular to the extending direction of the energy switch 50 of the first part 50A is arched, and along the direction from the second end 52 to the first end 51 of the energy switch 50, the height of the arch increases. Through the above design, the energy switch 50 can be matched with the contour of the first handle 31, the energy switch 50 has a large area for the operator to press, and the increasing height of the arch can facilitate providing sufficient accommodation space for the locking rod 62, the excitation protrusion 55 and the circuit switch 85. For example, the second part 50B is bent so that the end close to the main body 10 of the handle assembly matches the outer contour of the main body 10 of the handle assembly, so that the contour of the first handle 31 and the contour of the main body 10 are smoothly connected to each other.

[0060] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 and Figure 7a, the energy switch 50 has a first end 51 and a second end 52 opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end 52 is closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the first end 51; a clamping groove 53 is provided at the second end 52 of the energy switch, and a pivot 83 is provided in the first handle 31. The clamping groove 53 is clamped on the pivot 83 and can rotate around the pivot 83; a first clamping structure 54 protruding towards the inside of the first handle 31 is provided between the first end 51 and the second end 52 of the energy switch 50, and a second clamping structure 84 is provided in the first handle 31. When the energy switch 50 is in the release position, the first clamping structure 54 and the second clamping structure 84 are clamped to each other. When the energy switch 50 switches between the excitation position and the release position, the first clamping structure 54 moves relative to the second clamping structure 84 to move away from or close to the second handle 32. In this way, the energy switch 50 can be movably connected to the first handle 31. See Figure 2 , for example, the tone spring 82 is arranged to be closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the first clamping structure 54 and the second clamping structure 84, the first clamping structure 54 and the second clamping structure 84 are arranged to be closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the locking rod 62 and the reset element 63, and the locking rod 62 and the reset element 63 are arranged to be closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the excitation protrusion 55 and the circuit switch 85. It should be noted that since Figure 2 the reference numerals in the Figure 3 are relatively dense, only the clamping groove 53, the pivot 83, the first clamping structure 54 and the second clamping structure 54 are marked in

[0061] Figure 7b is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the external structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown, where the first handle is not assembled with the energy switch. See Figure 2 and Figure 7a and Figure 7b, the first handle 31 has a first half shell 311 and a second half shell 312. The first half shell 311 and the second half shell 312 are connected to each other to define a chamber and a groove located outside the chamber. The pivot 83 and the second latching structure 84 are located in the chamber. The bottom of the groove is provided with a first opening OP1 and a second opening OP2. The card slot 53 is latched with the pivot 83 through the first opening OP1, and the first latching structure 54 is latched with the second latching structure 84 through the second opening OP2 to connect the energy switch 50 to the first handle 31 and cover the groove. For example, the bottom of the groove is also provided with an opening exposing the locking rod 62 and an opening exposing the circuit switch 85 to ensure the mutual cooperation between the locking rod 62 and the energy switch 50 and the mutual cooperation between the excitation protrusion 55 and the circuit switch 85. For example, the main body 10 of the handle assembly has a first half shell and a second half shell. The first half shell and the second half shell of the main body 10 of the handle assembly are integrally formed with the first half shell 311 and the second half shell 312 of the first handle 31 respectively, so that the internal space of the main body 10 of the handle assembly is communicated with the internal space of the first handle 31.

[0062] For example, in the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the side of the first handle 31 facing the second handle 32 does not have a structure that can be deformed under pressing. The second handle 32 moves towards the first handle 31 to close the end effector 21 and make the locking assembly reach the unlocking position. During this movement, the second handle 32 may hit the first handle 31; since the side of the first handle 31 facing the second handle 32 does not have a structure that can be deformed under pressing, any accidental triggering of the deformable structure under pressing caused by the second handle 32 hitting the first handle 31 can be prevented. For example, refer to Figure 1 , the side of the second handle 32 facing the first handle 31 is flat. For example, refer to Figure 2 , the side of the second handle 32 facing the first handle 31 has an anti-collision protrusion to prevent the second handle 32 from colliding with the first handle 31 on a large area. For example, refer to FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a rotating mechanism 13, which is rotatably connected to the main body 10 of the handle assembly; the operator rotates the rotating structure 13, and the rotating structure 13 drives the first transmission assembly 41 and the end effector 21, and the second transmission assembly 42 and the tool head 22 to rotate, so that the operator can perform the operation at a suitable angle.

[0063] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, comprising: a handle assembly including a body, a first handle and a second handle, the first handle being fixedly connected to the body and the second handle being movably connected to the body; an end effector connected to the body of the handle assembly; a first transmission assembly, wherein the second handle, the first transmission assembly and the end effector are configured such that movement of the second handle relative to the first handle drives the first transmission assembly, and in turn the first transmission assembly drives the end effector; and an energy switch configured to be switchable between an actuation position and a release position, wherein the energy switch is configured such that energy is transmitted to the end effector when in the actuation position and energy is not transmitted to the end effector when in the release position, the energy switch being provided on the first handle and on the opposite side of the first handle facing the second handle in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the first transmission assembly, wherein the surgical instrument further includes a locking assembly configured to be switchable between a locked position and an unlocked position, wherein the locking assembly and the energy switch are configured such that the energy switch is restricted to the release position when the locking assembly is in the locked position; the locking assembly and the energy switch are configured such that the energy switch is switchable between the actuation position and the release position when the locking assembly is in the unlocked position; wherein the locking assembly is connected to the second handle, and movement of the second handle relative to the first handle drives the locking assembly to switch between the locked position and the unlocked position, wherein, by manipulating the movement of the second handle, the unlocking process of the locking assembly is synchronized with the closing process of the end effector, and the locking process of the locking assembly is synchronized with the opening process of the end effector.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the second handle, the end effector and the locking assembly are configured such that movement of the second handle towards the first handle drives the locking assembly towards the unlocked position and drives the end effector towards the closed position via the first transmission assembly, and movement of the second handle away from the first handle drives the locking assembly towards the locked position and drives the end effector towards the open position via the first transmission assembly.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the locking assembly includes a limiting rod, a locking rod and a reset element, wherein the limiting rod is configured to be switchable between a limiting position and a non-limiting position; the locking assembly is configured such that when in the locked position, the limiting rod is in the limiting position, the reset element is in a reset state, and the locking rod abuts between the energy switch and the limiting rod to restrict the energy switch to the release position; The locking assembly is configured such that when in the unlocking position, the limiting rod is in a non-limiting position, an end of the locking rod facing the energy switch abuts against the energy switch while an end of the locking rod facing the limiting rod does not abut against the limiting rod and becomes a free end, so that the energy switch can be switched between an actuating position and a releasing position. Wherein, under the action of an external force, the energy switch moves from the releasing position to the actuating position and drives the locking rod to move. The locking rod drives the restoring element to generate a deformation resulting in an elastic restoring force. And wherein, when the external force is withdrawn, the restoring element returns to the reset state under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the locking rod to move. The locking rod drives the energy switch to move from the actuating position to the releasing position.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, wherein, at least a part of the limiting rod is located in the first handle and on a side of the energy switch facing the second handle and is spaced apart from the energy switch by a gap; the locking rod and the restoring element are located in the first handle and at the gap between the limiting rod and the energy switch and have extending directions intersecting with the limiting rod and the energy switch respectively.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, wherein, a receiving structure is provided in the first handle; the restoring element is connected to the locking rod, sleeved on a part of the locking rod and is received in the receiving structure together with the part of the locking rod. The receiving structure has an opening for the end of the locking rod facing the limiting rod to pass through. In a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking rod, the size of the restoring element is larger than the size of the opening; the locking rod has a limiting platform, and the limiting platform is located in the receiving structure and is closer to the energy switch than the restoring element.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, wherein, the limiting rod is connected to the second handle. The second handle moves towards the first handle to drive the limiting rod to move towards the non-limiting position. The second handle moves away from the first handle to drive the limiting rod to move towards the limiting position.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, wherein, the surgical instrument includes a first sliding groove, at least partially provided in the main body of the handle assembly. The first sliding groove has a first end close to the first handle and a second end far from the first handle; a part of the second handle located in the main body of the handle assembly has a second sliding groove. The second sliding groove is provided on a side of the part facing the first handle. The second sliding groove has a first end close to the second handle and a second end far from the second handle; the limiting rod has a first protrusion and a second protrusion arranged opposite to each other. The first protrusion is slidably connected in the first sliding groove. The second protrusion is slidably connected in the second sliding groove; The cooperation between the first chute and the first protrusion and between the second chute and the second protrusion is as follows: when the second handle moves towards the first handle, the second protrusion slides in the second chute from the second end of the second chute towards the first end of the second chute, and further causes the first protrusion to slide from the first end of the first chute towards the second end of the first chute, so as to drive the limiting rod to the non-limiting position; The cooperation between the first chute and the first protrusion and between the second chute and the second protrusion is as follows: when the second handle moves away from the first handle, the second protrusion slides in the second chute from the first end of the second chute towards the second end of the second chute, and further causes the first protrusion to slide from the second end of the first chute towards the first end of the first chute, so as to drive the limiting rod to the limiting position.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 7, wherein, the extending direction of the first chute coincides with the extending direction of the limiting rod; the extending direction of the second chute intersects with the extending direction of the first chute.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, further comprising a sound prompt elastic piece disposed in the first handle, wherein, a third protrusion is disposed on the limiting rod; when the second handle moves towards the first handle to drive the limiting rod to the non-limiting position, the third protrusion triggers the sound prompt elastic piece to emit a prompt sound.

10. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, the energy switch has an excitation protrusion protruding towards the inside of the first handle; a circuit switch is disposed in the first handle; the energy switch is configured such that when in the excitation position, the excitation protrusion presses the circuit switch so that the circuit switch conducts the energy path from the energy source to the end effector, and thus energy is transmitted from the energy source to the end effector. The energy switch is further configured such that when in the release position, the excitation protrusion is spaced apart from the circuit switch so that the circuit switch cannot conduct the energy path from the energy source to the end effector, and thus energy cannot be transmitted from the energy source to the end effector.

11. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, the energy switch serves as a part of the housing of the first handle.

12. The surgical instrument according to claim 11, wherein, the energy switch has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end is closer to the main body of the handle assembly than the first end; along the direction from the first end to the second end of the energy switch, the energy switch includes a first part and a second part, the second part is closer to the main body of the handle assembly than the first part, the second part is integrally formed with the first part and bends away from the first handle from the first part; at any position of the first part, the cross-section perpendicular to the extending direction of the energy switch of the first part is arched, and along the direction from the second end to the first end of the energy switch, the height of the arch increases.

13. The surgical instrument according to claim 12, wherein, the second part is bent such that the end of the body thereof close to the body of the handle assembly matches the outer contour of the body of the handle assembly.

14. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, the energy switch has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end is closer to the body of the handle assembly than the first end; a card slot is provided at the second end of the energy switch, and a pivot shaft is provided in the first handle. The card slot is clamped on the pivot shaft and can rotate around the pivot shaft; a first clamping structure protruding towards the inside of the first handle is provided between the first end and the second end of the energy switch, and a second clamping structure is provided in the first handle. When the energy switch is in the release position, the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure are clamped with each other. When the energy switch switches between the activation position and the release position, the first clamping structure moves relative to the second clamping structure to move away from or close to the second handle.

15. The surgical instrument according to claim 14, wherein, the first handle has a first half shell and a second half shell. The first half shell and the second half shell are connected to each other to define a chamber and a groove outside the chamber. The pivot shaft and the second clamping structure are located in the chamber. The bottom of the groove is provided with a first opening and a second opening. The card slot is clamped with the pivot shaft through the first opening, and the first clamping structure is clamped with the second clamping structure through the second opening to connect the energy switch to the first handle and cover the groove.

16. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, the side of the first handle facing the second handle does not have a structure that can be deformed under pressing.

17. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, the surgical instrument includes a reset mechanism; the end effector includes a first arm and a second arm that can be opened and closed; the second handle, the first transmission component, the reset mechanism and the end effector are configured such that under the action of an external force, the second handle moves towards the first handle to drive the first transmission component, and then the reset mechanism generates a deformation that causes an elastic restoring force, and the first transmission component drives the first arm and the second arm of the end effector to close; and when the external force is withdrawn, the reset mechanism resets under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the first transmission component to move, and then drives the second handle to move away from the first handle and drives the first arm and the second arm of the end effector to open.

18. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, the surgical instrument further includes a blade and a second transmission component, and the blade is connected to the end of the second transmission component facing the end effector; The handle assembly further includes a third handle movably connected to the body of the handle assembly. The third handle, the second transmission assembly, and the blade are configured such that movement of the third handle relative to the first handle drives the second transmission assembly, and in turn, the second transmission assembly drives the blade to move toward or away from the end effector.

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