An environmentally friendly port channel anti-silting device and working method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides an environmentally friendly port channel anti-silting device, comprising a concrete foundation pile, on which a plurality of vertical tire columns composed of tires stacked in sequence from top to bottom are installed, and a horizontal sand separation tube is connected to the side of the concrete foundation pile by a cable chain, and the sand separation tube is a cylindrical shell, one end of the sand separation tube is connected to the concrete foundation pile by a cable chain, and the end face of the sand separation tube close to one end of the concrete foundation pile and the circumferential outer wall of the sand separation tube close to the water surface are not closed. The present invention forms a vortex flow field at the rear of the tire column to flush the seabed to prevent silting, the concrete foundation provides stability for the entire device, and the sand separation tube prevents or weakens the formation of sand ridges between the two columns. At the same time, under the action of the ship waves of the channel ship and the propeller wake, it can have an unexpected effect in preventing or weakening the silting of the channel port pool; when the double columns of the device are arranged in series, the arrangement line arranged along the device is equivalent to a flushing line, which plays a role in preventing silting, and has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, green ecology, simple structure, easy installation, and convenient construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an environmentally friendly port channel anti-silting device and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The waterway is the passage for ships to sail, so calm water flow conditions are required to ensure the navigation of ships. However, precisely because the water flow is relatively calm (insufficient hydrodynamic conditions), ports or waterways of all sizes in the world have different degrees of siltation, the consequence of which is that the water depth is reduced and cannot provide sufficient draft depth, which ultimately hinders the navigation of ships. Ports with serious siltation may even become abandoned ports, causing serious economic losses to local residents. In engineering, regular dredging is often used to prevent siltation. However, the dredging projects invested regularly every year are very expensive, the dredging ships occupy the waterway and affect the normal logistics of the port, and the exhaust gas and noise of dredging ships pollute the environment. In the selection of port sites, port design, and even the maintenance stage after construction, close attention must be paid to the siltation problem. Therefore, it is necessary to foresee the later siltation trend at the beginning of port construction and consider possible siltation prevention and reduction measures.

[0003] In previous port projects, siltation is generally prevented by building breakwaters or island dikes, or by building spur dikes in inland waterways to contain sand from upstream. Deep pits can also be dug in the waterway to gather sand. For example, when building a port at the mouth of a lake, a guide dike should be built. When building a port in a strait, obstacles at the mouth and on both sides should be removed to ensure smooth flow. The limitations of the above-mentioned anti-siltation and siltation reduction measures are: first, hydraulic structures have a long construction period and high cost, and experiments are required to determine the size of the building during the feasibility analysis, which means that the size will change with the flow factors and is uncertain; on the other hand, it is difficult and costly to demolish the building after it is built, and it has a serious impact on the original ecological environment of the river or harbor. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly port channel anti-silting device and a working method thereof, which solves the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and has a good anti-silting effect under the action of the ship waves and propeller wake of the channel ship. The device can not only reasonably utilize waste tires and turn waste into treasure, but also reduce the investment in dredging projects.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following scheme: an environmentally friendly port channel anti-siltation device, including concrete foundation piles, on which are installed a plurality of vertical tire columns composed of tires stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and a horizontal sand separation cylinder is connected to the side of the concrete foundation pile by a cable chain, and the sand separation cylinder is a cylindrical shell, one end of the sand separation tube is connected to the concrete foundation pile by a cable chain, and the end face of the sand separation cylinder close to one end of the concrete foundation pile is not closed to the circumferential outer wall of the sand separation cylinder close to the water surface.

[0006] Furthermore, a frame for fixing the tire column is installed on the concrete foundation pile. The frame includes a bottom circular frame, and a number of fixed frames are evenly distributed on the circumference of the bottom circular frame. The fixed frames are in a "冂" shape. One foot of the fixed frame is fixed to the bottom circular frame, and the other foot is located within the circumference of the bottom circular frame. The distance between the two feet of the fixed frame matches the section height of the tire.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer feet between adjacent fixed frames are connected by at least one arc-shaped frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the concrete foundation pile includes a self-weight base. The self-weight base is provided with an installation platform, and binding members are embedded on the installation platform. The bottom circular frame is fixedly connected to the installation platform through the binding members.

[0009] Furthermore, the distance between the sand separation cylinder and the frame is 5 to 10 times the diameter of the tire column.

[0010] Furthermore, the number k of the rectangular frames and the tire diameter D satisfy that when D ≤ 2 meters, k = 4, and when D > 2 meters, k = 4 + D / 2.

[0011] Furthermore, the cable chain is composed of long rod members made of polytetrafluoroethylene linked together.

[0012] Furthermore, the left and right edges of the sand separation cylinder near one end close to the concrete foundation pile are connected to both sides of the installation platform through cable chains.

[0013] Furthermore, grid-shaped openings are arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the sand separation cylinder near the water surface side.

[0014] A working method of an environmentally friendly anti-silting device for port channels:

[0015] Step 1: Observe the hydrological conditions and ship navigation conditions of the channel that needs to be treated for siltation in advance, and delimit the layout line.

[0016] Step 2: After the concrete foundation pile is prefabricated, place it in the channel that needs to be treated for siltation. When placing, it should be along the layout line. The concrete foundation pile needs to be buried to the designed depth, and the site around the pile foundation should be leveled.

[0017] Step 3: Transport waste tires to the dock base, put the tires into the brackets, and group the tires into several units that form a vortex flow field.

[0018] Step 4: After the assembled vortex generation units are positioned by anchoring, arrange them evenly at intervals along the direction of the ship traveling wave and the propeller wake. The distance between the centers of the tire columns of adjacent vortex generation units is more than 5 times the diameter of the bottom circle of the bracket. Select a suitable position, and divers enter the water to install the tire column and the sand separation cylinder.

[0019] Step 5: The movement of ships generates a large number of powerful ship waves and propeller wakes. The use of tire columns can capture the turbulent areas of ship waves and propeller wakes, and a continuous separation zone is created by arranging two columns in series, thereby increasing the scouring effect of the water flow on the bottom of the water flow.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The device is divided into three main structures: tire columns, concrete foundation piles, and sand separation cylinders. During the scouring process, sand ridges are easily formed between the two columns, resulting in a weakened scouring effect between the columns. The reason is that a flow field is formed at the rear of the previous column, which carries away the silt. When the silt moves backward, it encounters an obstacle from the next column, resulting in silt accumulation along the line. Therefore, the present invention is provided with a sand separation cylinder, which can effectively divide the silt carried away by the rear of the previous column to both sides, effectively weakening the formation of sand ridges, and together with the first two devices, it constitutes a complete body to control the water depth of the waterway or harbor.

[0021] 2. The concrete foundation piles in the present invention are prefabricated and then placed at the anti-siltation destination, which greatly reduces the construction cost compared to pile construction on water. The concrete foundation piles are composed of an upper mounting platform and a lower self-weight base. The functions of the two parts are: at the bottom of the water, the flow field is complex and the water flow speed is fast. Once the tire column is installed, the eddy flow field generated near it will cause the tire column to be subjected to a huge shaking force. The tire column is easily washed away without safe fixation. In order to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the tire column, the tire column is fixed to the mounting platform through a binding member buried in the concrete to withstand the impact force of the water flow and its own buoyancy on the tire column in the water. At the same time, after the remediation is completed, except for the concrete foundation piles that cannot be recycled, the tire column and the sand separation barrel can be removed and recycled, without the need for subsequent maintenance costs, saving money and labor.

[0022] 3. For inland waterways, according to the changing law of flow velocity in different water levels, the flow velocity in the shallow river section is high in the dry season, and the flow velocity in the deep river section is low, while the opposite is true in the flood season. In the dry season, the arrangement of this device can effectively utilize the characteristics of the high flow velocity in the shallows to form sufficient and stable vortices between the piles, and the unstable flow field can quickly reach the sediment starting velocity, so that the sediment in the shallows is washed downstream, providing sufficient water depth for the current river channel, avoiding ships from being stranded or damaged, and maintaining property safety.

[0023] 4. During the ice flood period, the downstream is often still in a frozen state, and a large amount of ice and water from the upstream rushes to the downstream, forming a large ice flood peak, which is very easy to get stuck in the curved and narrow river sections to form ice dams, raise the water level, and cause ice flood disasters. During this period, on the one hand, the traditional embankment anti-siltation structure is easily damaged by the impact of drifting ice, and the damaged fragments become obstacles that are difficult to clear and silt up the river channel. The present invention uses flexible tire materials, which are not easy to be damaged in water and have a reliable structure. On the other hand, the traditional anti-siltation dam structure, the embankment head, embankment body, and embankment root are connected to the underwater foundation, which hinders the advancement of drifting ice and increases the water level above the embankment during the ice flood period, which has a serious impact on the downstream reservoir. Compared with traditional anti-siltation buildings, the present invention is located at the bottom of the water, avoiding the possibility of contact with large floating objects and ships on the water surface, and greatly improving safety.

[0024] 5. During the passage of the port channel, there are a lot of ships coming and going, which generates a large number of strong ship waves and propeller wakes. The present invention uses a tire cylinder model to capture the turbulent area of ​​ship waves and propeller wakes, and creates a continuous separation zone through a double-column series to increase the scouring effect of the water flow on the bottom of the water flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the tire column and the bracket of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a concrete foundation of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a sand separation tube of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1-concrete foundation pile; 2-tire column; 3-sand dividing cylinder; 4-cable chain; 5-frame; 6-bottom round frame; 7-fixed frame; 8-arc frame; 9-self-weight base; 10-installation platform; 11-grid opening; 12-tire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides an environmentally friendly port channel anti-siltation device, including a concrete foundation pile 1, on which are installed a plurality of vertical tire columns 2 consisting of tires 12 stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and a horizontal sand separation tube 3 is connected to the side of the concrete foundation pile through a cable chain. The sand separation tube is a cylindrical shell, and one end of the sand separation tube is connected to the concrete foundation pile through a cable chain 4, and the end face of the sand separation tube close to one end of the concrete foundation pile is not closed to the circumferential outer wall of the sand separation tube close to the water surface.

[0034] The anti-scouring structure is different from the anti-silting structure. The purpose of the anti-scouring structure is to prevent the water flow from scouring the riverbed and the bank slope, which is a protective measure to maintain the safe operation of each building of the hub; while the anti-silting structure aims to maintain the normal water depth in the waterway or the port basin, and avoid the reduction of the water depth causing the ship to run aground or unable to navigate normally in the water area. The present invention uses the theory of cylinder flow in classical fluid mechanics as the theoretical support. According to the boundary layer theory proposed by Prandtl in 1904, the flow at a large Reynolds number around an object can be divided into a boundary layer and an outer flow region. When the fluid flows around a cylinder, the pressure difference generated in the boundary layer will cause it to separate from the surface of the cylinder at a certain position, and a backflow will appear nearby, which is called the boundary layer separation phenomenon. In this separation zone, the turbulent flow velocity is large and the flow field changes very violently, resulting in the formation of a scouring pit. Therefore, the application of the boundary layer theory requires a powerful power source. Therefore, if the ship wave and the propeller wake in the waterway can be successfully captured, they can become the power source. In the ship wave calculation theory, the divergent waves spread from the bow of the ship at an angle of about 19° with the shipping route (the angle between the line connecting the intersection points of the transverse waves and the divergent wave crests and the shipping route is about 19°), and the angle between the direction of the divergent wave crest and the diffusion direction is about 35°. In deep water, the diffusion direction of the divergent waves is not affected by the ship speed, and the divergent waves rarely attenuate within a relatively long diffusion distance. In the propeller wake, the disturbed and accelerated water flow flowing out behind the propeller can be decomposed into three component velocities: axial induced velocity, tangential induced velocity, and radial induced velocity. The present invention aims to use a tire cylinder model to capture the turbulent regions of the ship wave and the propeller wake, create a continuous separation zone through a double-column arrangement, and increase the scouring effect of the water flow on the bottom of the water flow. However, after installing the tire columns, due to the installation gap left between the tires and their brackets, the ship wave and the propeller wake cannot be completely blocked in front of the tire columns, that is: a small amount of water flow and sediment pass through the gap and disturb the flow field at the rear. Due to the disturbing effect of the gap water flow, a sand ridge is inevitably generated behind the columns. The sand ridge is formed about 5D (D is the diameter of the tire frame column) behind and is perpendicular to the tire columns. To reduce the height of the sand ridge, a sand separation cylinder is set up.

[0035] In this embodiment, a frame 5 for fixing the tire columns is installed on the concrete pile. The frame includes a bottom circular frame 6, and a plurality of fixing frames 7 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the bottom circular frame. The fixing frames are in the shape of a "冂", one foot of the fixing frame is fixed to the bottom circular frame, and the other foot is located inside the circumference of the bottom circular frame. The distance between the two feet of the fixing frame matches the cross-sectional height of the tire. The functions of the frame are: on the one hand, it is convenient to load the tires, and on the other hand, it can firmly fix the tires on the concrete pile. The tire columns composed of several tires and the frame can cause the lower water flow to form a horseshoe vortex around the bracket and a wake vortex at the rear, so that two flow fields are formed at the bottom of the water flow. Among them, the size of the flow field is related to the diameter and height of the tire columns, and the bracket controls the other two structural dimensions.

[0036] In this embodiment, the feet on the outer sides of adjacent fixed frames are connected by at least one arc frame 8 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the concrete foundation pile includes a self-weight base 9, which is provided with an installation platform 10, on which a binding member is pre-buried, and the bottom round frame is fixedly connected to the installation platform through the binding member. The concrete foundation pile has three functions: 1. At the bottom of the water, the flow field is complex and the water flow speed is fast. Once the tire column is installed, the eddy flow field generated near it will cause the tire column to be subjected to a huge shaking force, and the tire column is easy to be washed away without safe fixing. In order to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the tire column, the tire column is fixed to the installation platform by the binding member buried in the concrete. In the water, the tire column is subject to the impact of ship waves and propeller wake, its own buoyancy, etc., so a lower self-weight base is set to provide stability for the first part of the component, and the height of the lower self-weight base should be no less than 1m; 2. Since the foundation is heavy and has a raised plane, it can be used as a base for the growth of coral reefs, seaweed, shells, etc. At the same time, coral reefs, seaweed, shells, etc. provide habitats and spawning grounds for marine organisms, forming a good submarine ecological structure and achieving a virtuous cycle; 3. Since the concrete foundation is arranged in a line and arranged at a certain density, due to its own heavy weight, it squeezes out silt and reduces siltation during the arrangement. If the channel silt is thick, the height of the concrete foundation should be increased to avoid uneven settlement leading to weakened scouring effect.

[0038] In this embodiment, the deadweight base is pre-buried in water. When the pile column has a large diameter, it should be buried for 0.7 to 0.9 hours (h is the height of the tire support).

[0039] In this embodiment, since a sand ridge behind the column will be generated at a position 5-10 times the diameter of the tire column, the distance between the sand separation cylinder and the frame is 5-10 times the diameter of the tire column.

[0040] In this embodiment, a grid-like opening 11 is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the sand-dividing cylinder close to the water surface. Ship waves and propeller wake enter from the upper side of the cylinder and cannot flow out from the bottom, forcing the water flow to split around to prevent or weaken the formation of sand ridges. On the one hand, the sand-dividing cylinder effectively prevents the accumulation of silt within the layout line; on the other hand, the silt is divided into the river beaches on both sides, which is beneficial to the growth of animals and plants near the beach, stabilizes the beach and reduces soil erosion.

[0041] In this embodiment, the number k of the rectangular frames satisfies the tire diameter D. When D≤2 meters, k=4; when D>2 meters, k=4+D / 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, the effective range of a single device is limited, while the ranges of waterways and basins are usually large. Therefore, a series of devices need to be arranged along the directions of ship waves and propeller wakes. The functions of multiple devices are the same as those of a double-column series. The main flow characteristics when in a double-column series are: (1) a single vortex shedding pattern; (2) boundary layer attachment; (3) vortex shedding impact pattern. It is found that when 1 < L / D < 5 (where L is the distance between the centers of adjacent columns), without considering the Reynolds number, within this spacing range, it is considered that L / D is small and there is no flow passing between the columns. The front and rear columns behave as a whole. The boundary layer separates from both sides of the front column and sheds behind the rear column. The rear column is completely shielded within the boundary layer of the front column. At this time, the device cannot make full use of the eddy current flow field generated by the ship waves and propeller wakes captured by the first device, and the utilization rate of the eddy current is extremely low. The layout range of this device should be L / D ≥ 5. At this time, it is in the vortex shedding impact state. There is sufficient space for the boundary layer of the front column to form eddies and shed and impact on the rear column. And just when the eddies of the previous pile column are just dissipated, a series of Karman vortex streets are formed behind the rear column. At this time, the scouring vortex flow field further expands in range. When arranging a series of devices, the alignment line along the device layout is equivalent to a scouring line, which plays a role in preventing siltation.

[0043] Therefore, in order to make full use of the scouring pits formed behind the device, the layout range should meet:

[0044] L / D ≥ 5 (where L is the distance between the centers of adjacent columns) (D is the diameter of the tire frame column).

[0045] At the same time, when a ship passes by, it can effectively capture the ship waves and propeller wakes. Due to the large frictional resistance on the tire surface, the horseshoe vortices and trailing vortices are effectively increased, forming a scouring flow field.

[0046] The height of the tire column should be set to the optimal height considering the change in river depth. On the one hand, the device should meet the optimal height required to form a vortex flow field to achieve the best scouring effect. On the other hand, in the waterway where there are still ships traveling, it should be considered that the top does not rub against the ship (i.e., the surplus draft of the ship), to avoid damage to the ship and displacement of the device. And the height should meet:

[0047] h ≤ 0.5H (where h is the height of the device and H is the water depth).

[0048] In this embodiment, the cable chain is composed of long rod members made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The frame should be made of materials with high stiffness, corrosion resistance, and environmental protection, which can be materials composed of high molecular polymers such as polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride. The fixation between the tires and between the tires and the frame should use waterproof, wear-resistant, and corrosion-resistant ropes, which can be ropes with several strands of polyvinyl formal fibers with stainless steel wires inside. At the same time, the tires and the frame should be flexibly connected to improve the effect of weakening the flow velocity.

[0049] In this embodiment, it is particularly advantageous to use used vehicle tires for this purpose. Used tires present a relatively low pollution risk when used in the seabed because they slowly degrade over many years without leaching toxic or harmful substances. Since this embodiment uses waste tires, the basic size of the tires should be as uniform as possible for ease of construction.

[0050] In this embodiment, the left and right edges of the sand separation tube close to one end of the concrete foundation pile are connected to the two sides of the installation platform through cable chains.

[0051] A working method of an environmentally friendly port channel anti-silting device:

[0052] Step 1: Observe the hydrological conditions and ship navigation conditions of the waterway that needs to be dredged in advance, draw the layout line, and arrange the devices along the line with less or no curvature, otherwise it will affect the scouring effect. The layout line should be arranged at the midpoint of the waterway or at a deeper water depth, and the navigation routes of the ships in the waterway should be comprehensively considered. The number of layout lines should be greater than or equal to 2.

[0053] Step 2: After the concrete foundation piles are prefabricated, they are placed in the waterway where siltation needs to be rectified. They should be placed along the layout line. The concrete foundation piles need to be buried to the designed depth, and the area around the pile foundation should be leveled;

[0054] Step 3: transport the waste tires to the dock base, put the tires into the bracket, and group the tires into a number of units that form a vortex flow field;

[0055] Step 4: After anchoring and positioning, the assembled vortex generating units are evenly spaced along the direction of the ship's waves and propeller wake. The distance between the tire column centers of adjacent vortex generating units is more than 5 times the diameter of the bottom circle of the bracket. Select a suitable position, and divers enter the water to install the tire columns and sand separators.

[0056] Step 5: The movement of ships generates a large number of powerful ship waves and propeller wakes. The use of tire columns can capture the turbulent areas of ship waves and propeller wakes, and a continuous separation zone is created by arranging two columns in series, thereby increasing the scouring effect of the water flow on the bottom of the water flow.

[0057] In the process of setting up and installing the present embodiment, the arranged elements can be installed when the foundation of the pile foundation is installed. Alternatively, the arranged structure can be installed to repair by placing the arranged elements much larger than the scour range of the foundation or pile installed on the seabed or filling the scour range and placing the arranged elements on the filler.

[0058] The anti-scour structure has an advanced anti-scour principle but a simple structure, so that the auxiliary ships and equipment required for offshore construction are as few as possible, and the underwater construction time is relatively short; after being sunk into place, it can take effect almost immediately and start scouring to prevent siltation.

[0059] When the anti-scour structure is used, by effectively capturing the ship's waves and propeller wake, the silt in the water is discharged from the center line of the channel to the outside through the sand separation tube during the deposition process and distributed to the riverside beach. On the one hand, the sand ridge is reduced or weakened, and on the other hand, a fairly dense silt layer can be formed to eventually form a beach that merges with the shore. This beach will provide an environment for the growth of aquatic organisms and meet the requirements of green ecology and marine environmental protection.

[0060] The offshore construction cost of this anti-scour structure is much lower than the traditional anti-siltation measures such as dumping stones and sand, which have huge subsequent maintenance costs. After the remediation is completed, the tire frame columns and sand separation barrels can be removed and recycled, without the need for subsequent maintenance costs, saving money and effort.

[0061] In view of the impact of tires on the environment, this embodiment has conducted relevant tests (and referred to relevant literature), including structural optimization for capturing ship waves and propeller wakes, research on the scouring effect of tires in port channels, and tests on the impact of tires on groundwater, organic compounds and inorganic compounds. The test results show that whether it is the whole tire or tire fragments, although the content of certain metals (such as iron and manganese) increases during the landfill process, the tire leachate has limited impact on the quality of groundwater drinking water, and no harmful substances such as benzene, silver, cadmium and selenium are found in the leachate. At present, relevant tests at home and abroad have shown that the impact of waste tires on the environment under water environment conditions is very limited.

[0062] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the oil on the waste tires from polluting the ocean, each tire needs to be washed with soapy water before use to remove any residual oil.

[0063] Unless otherwise stated, any technical solution disclosed in the present invention disclosed above, if it discloses a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range, and any technician in the field should understand that the preferred numerical range is only a numerical value with a more obvious technical effect or representative value among many implementable numerical values. Since there are too many numerical values ​​to be exhaustive, the present invention discloses some numerical values ​​to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and the numerical values ​​listed above should not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] If the words "first", "second" and so on are used in this article to limit components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is only for the convenience of description to distinguish the components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning.

[0065] If the present invention discloses or involves components or structures that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, connection using bolts or screws), and can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integrated structure (for example, manufactured by integrated molding using a casting process) (except when it is obviously impossible to use an integrated molding process).

[0066] In addition, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", and "outside" used in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the above-mentioned invention are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this patent, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. Unless otherwise stated, the terms used to indicate shapes used in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the above-mentioned invention include shapes that are approximate, similar, or close to them.

[0067] Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from a plurality of separate components, or may be a separate component manufactured by an integral forming process.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating an environmentally friendly port and waterway anti-siltation device, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Observe the hydrological conditions and vessel navigation conditions of the channel where siltation needs to be rectified in advance, and demarcate the layout line. When arranging the device, it should be arranged along the line, and the layout line should reduce or have no arc, otherwise it will affect the scouring effect. The layout line should be arranged at the midpoint of the channel or where the water depth is greater, and the vessel navigation route in the channel should be considered. The number of layout lines is greater than or equal to 2. Step 2: After the concrete piles are prefabricated, place them in the channel where siltation needs to be rectified. When placing, it should be along the layout line. The concrete piles need to be buried to the designed depth, and the surrounding site of the pile foundation should be leveled. Step 3: Transport the waste tires to the dock base, and put the tires into the brackets to group the tires into several units that form a vortex flow field. Step 4: After the assembled vortex generation units are positioned by anchoring, they are evenly spaced along the directions of the ship traveling wave and the propeller wake. The distance between the centers of the tire columns of adjacent vortex generation units is more than 5 times the bottom circle diameter of the bracket. Select a suitable position, and divers enter the water to install the tire columns and the sand separation tubes. Step 5: Through the往来 of vessels, a large number of powerful ship traveling waves and propeller wakes are generated. The tire columns can capture the ship traveling waves and the turbulent flow area of the propeller wake, create a continuous separation area through the double-column arrangement, and increase the scouring effect of the water flow on the bottom of the water flow. The anti-siltation device adopted by this method includes concrete piles. A vertical tire column composed of several tires stacked in sequence from top to bottom is installed on the concrete piles. A horizontal sand separation tube is connected to the side of the concrete pile through a cable. The sand separation tube is a cylindrical shell. One end of the sand separation tube is connected to the concrete pile through a cable. The end face of the sand separation tube close to the concrete pile and the outer wall of the circumference of the sand separation tube close to the water surface are not closed. A frame for fixing the tire column is installed on the concrete pile. The frame includes a bottom circular frame. Several fixing frames are evenly distributed on the circumference of the bottom circular frame. The fixing frames are in the shape of '冂'. One foot of the fixing frame is fixed to the bottom circular frame, and the other foot is inside the circumference of the bottom circular frame. The distance between the two feet of the fixing frame matches the section height of the tire. At least one arc-shaped frame is connected between the outer feet of adjacent fixing frames; the concrete pile includes a self-weight base. The self-weight base is provided with an installation platform, and binding members are pre-buried on the installation platform. The bottom circular frame is fixedly connected to the installation platform through the binding members; the distance between the sand separation tube and the frame is 5-10 times the diameter of the tire column; the number k of the fixing frames and the tire diameter D satisfy that when D≤2 m, k = 4, and when D>2 m, k = 4 + D / 2; the cable is composed of long rod members made of polytetrafluoroethylene; the left and right edges of the end of the sand separation tube close to the concrete pile are both connected to both sides of the installation platform through cables; a grid-shaped opening is provided on the outer wall of the circumference of the sand separation tube close to the water surface.

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