A step drill for planting

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of dental implants, and in particular to a step drill for implants. The step drill for implants comprises a drill head, a neck and a shank connected in sequence; the drill head is provided with adjacent blades and chip grooves, the blades and chip grooves are spirally arranged along the circumference of the drill head, and the drill head comprises a drill tip; the drill tip is a flat end with a transverse edge; the blade includes a plurality of step sections with increasing diameters in sequence from the drill tip; the outer edge of the blade is provided with a first cutting edge; the outer periphery of the blade is provided with a spirally extending second cutting edge. The present invention is used to solve the problems in the prior art that multiple hole enlargements during hole preparation in traditional implant surgeries are prone to bone damage and opportunistic infection in the bone, implant hole deviation, non-vertical hole wall, etc., and thus difficulty in implantation or insufficient initial stability of the implant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of dental implantation, in particular to a step drill for implantation. Background Art

[0002] Dental implant surgery has become the preferred method for restoring missing teeth because of its aesthetic appearance, no damage to adjacent teeth, and stable effect. Implants, also known as artificial tooth roots, are surgically implanted into the jawbone at the site of the patient's missing teeth. After bone union is formed, the relevant devices for repairing dentures are installed on the upper part. When implants are implanted, it is necessary to drill holes with a drill, and drilling is the most critical step in implant surgery. At present, the key tools used by major implant systems are positioning drills, reaming drills, and forming drills. The positioning drill is a typical twist drill used to preliminarily determine the location and depth of implant placement. The reaming drill gradually expands the positioning hole based on the positioning drill. The number of reaming is affected by the implant placement position and individual differences of the patient, and generally requires at least two reamings. The forming drill is mainly used for the upper part of the hole to shape the hole to achieve a screw-in diameter that matches the implant.

[0003] At present, the dental drill in implant surgery mainly relies on the positioning drill to ensure the accuracy of the drilling position, and the subsequent drilling is carried out step by step on the original hole. However, due to the limited field of vision and limited operating space in the patient's mouth, it is difficult for doctors to ensure that the center line of the drill bit is completely consistent each time drilling. Replacing the drill bit not only increases the difficulty and intensity of the doctor's operation, but also wastes operation time. In addition, if the center line is offset, it is easy to cause the drill bit to be difficult to drill or slip, and the implant hole will be offset, the hole wall will not be vertical, cracks will appear, and other problems will affect the stability of the implant. Multiple preparations are also prone to increase intrabone infection and bone damage, resulting in more bone necrosis layers around the implant, increasing the chance of bone necrosis and implant bone integration failure. At the same time, all current dental implant bone expansion drills are conical or cylindrical in design, and the prepared bone implant cavities are conical or cylindrical. When performing immediate implantation and immediate weight-bearing treatment, it is often easy to have implant placement difficulties or insufficient initial stability. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a step drill for implants, which is used to solve the problems of multiple step-by-step hole expansion during hole preparation in traditional implant surgery in the prior art, which easily causes bone damage and opportunistic infection in the bone, implant hole deviation, non-vertical hole wall, etc., and further leads to difficulty in implantation or insufficient initial stability.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present application is implemented by including the following technical solutions.

[0006] The present application provides a step drill for planting, which comprises a drill head, a neck and a shank connected in sequence; the drill head is provided with adjacent blade petals and chip grooves, and the blade petals and chip grooves are spirally arranged along the circumference of the drill head, and the drill head comprises a drill tip; the drill tip is a flat end with a transverse edge; the blade petal is sequentially provided with a plurality of step sections with increasing diameters starting from the drill tip; the outer edge of the blade petal is provided with a first cutting edge; the outer periphery of the blade petal is provided with a spirally extending second cutting edge.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the width of the blade is the same from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end; and the width of the chip groove gradually increases from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drill head is provided with two oppositely disposed cutting edges and two oppositely disposed chip grooves.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, two blades located at the same cross section of the drill head have the same width; two chip grooves located at the same cross section of the drill head have the same width.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the helix angle of the first cutting edge is equal to the helix angle of the second cutting edge; the helix angle of the first cutting edge is 30° to 60°; the helix angle of the second cutting edge is 30° to 60°.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the blade thicknesses of the second cutting edges are the same; the blade widths of the second cutting edges are the same; and the spacings between adjacent blades of the second cutting edges are the same.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drill head portion includes a first step section, a second step section, and a third step section, the diameters of which increase sequentially, starting from the drill tip.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameters of the various parts in the first step section are equal.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameters of the various parts in the second step section are equal.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameters of the various parts in the third step section are equal.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, a marking area is provided on the neck; and scale markings are provided on the marking area.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the scale markings are marking lines and / or marking grooves of different colors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the step drill for planting of the present invention.

[0019] Description of Figure Numbers

[0020] 1 Drill head

[0021] 11 Drill tip

[0022] 12 blades

[0023] 13 Chip flute

[0024] 14 First cutting edge

[0025] 15 Second cutting edge

[0026] 2 Neck

[0027] 21 Logo area

[0028] 3. Handle DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0030] See also Figure 1 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a step drill for planting is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the step drill for planting includes a drill head 1, a neck 2 and a shank 3 connected in sequence; the drill head 1 is provided with adjacent blade petals 12 and chip grooves 13, and the blade petals 12 and chip grooves 13 are spirally arranged along the circumference of the drill head 1, and the drill head 1 includes a drill tip 11; the drill tip 11 is a flat end with a transverse edge; the blade petal 12 is sequentially provided with a plurality of step sections with increasing diameters from the end of the drill tip 11; the outer edge of the blade petal 12 is provided with a first cutting edge 14; the outer periphery of the blade petal 12 is spirally extended with a second cutting edge 15.

[0032] In the implant step drill provided in the present application, the drill head 1 refers to: the working part of the implant step drill.

[0033] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1 The neck 2 is used to connect the drill head 1 and the handle 3. The neck 2 is an extension of the drill head 1, which is convenient for drilling a hole in depth when the bone height is large.

[0034] In the step drill for planting provided in the present application, the handle 3 refers to the part of the step drill for planting used for clamping and used to transmit the power required for drilling, such as torque and axial force. The handle 3 includes a handle interface, which can be connected to a planting machine (for example, an international general planting machine docking port structure) for machine expansion. It can also be connected to a handle for manual expansion.

[0035] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1 The chip groove 13 refers to a spiral groove on the drill head 1, and the intersection of the edge of the chip groove 13 and the edge of the blade 12 is a sharp first cutting edge 14. The function of the chip groove 13 is to discharge bone chips upward during the hole expansion process, reduce frictional heat generation during the hole expansion process, prevent bone burns and bone necrosis, and reduce the failure rate of dental implants; its sharp cutting edge has the function of quickly cutting the crestal cortical bone and trabecular bone during the high-speed rotation hole expansion process, which can effectively reduce the frictional heat generation of the crestal cortical bone and the fracture of the trabecular bone, minimize the bone damage and bone necrosis during the dental implant bone expansion process, facilitate bone healing and bone remodeling, and greatly improve the success rate of implant bone integration.

[0036] In a more specific embodiment, the chip groove 13 on the outer surface of the drill head 1 is clockwise or counterclockwise. When the chip groove 13 is clockwise, the implant step drill has cutting ability when it rotates clockwise during use, and has no cutting ability when it rotates counterclockwise; when the spiral structure is counterclockwise, the implant step drill has cutting ability when it rotates counterclockwise during use, and has no cutting ability when it rotates clockwise.

[0037] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1 The blade 12 refers to the portion of the outer edge of the drill head 1 where the chip groove 13 is not cut.

[0038] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1The first cutting edge 14 is a sharp structure formed by the outer edge of the blade 12 after the chip groove 13 is cut out on the drill head 1. It is a strong lateral rotation cutting edge. The drill head 1 has a first cutting edge 14 on each step from bottom to top. The first cutting edge 14 is a strong lateral rotation cutting edge with strong cutting ability. It can quickly cut the trabecular structure during high-speed rotation to avoid its breakage, and is conducive to reducing frictional heat generation, protecting bone tissue to the maximum extent, reducing bone trauma during hole expansion, and contributing to bone healing and implant bone integration, and increasing the success rate of implant bone integration.

[0039] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1 The second cutting edge 15 is a convex structure formed spirally along the blade 12, and has bone extrusion capability. The second cutting edge 15 is used to expand and protect the cancellous bone structure during the hole expansion process, increase the bone density around the implant, improve the initial stability of the implant, reduce the micro-movement of the implant under load, facilitate implant induced osteogenesis, complete bone integration, and greatly improve the success rate of implant bone integration.

[0040] In the implant step drill provided in the present application, the helix angle refers to the angle between the tangent direction of the first cutting edge 14 or the second cutting edge 15 and the axial direction of the drill head 1. The helix angle of the first cutting edge 14 is equal to the helix angle of the second cutting edge 15. The advantage of this design is that the cutting performance of each step on hard bone is improved, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of dental implant cavity preparation. Only one drill preparation is needed to complete the implant cavity preparation, reducing the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, improving clinical work efficiency, and greatly increasing the success rate of implant bone integration.

[0041] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1 The drill head 1 is in a stepped shape with a diameter that gradually increases from bottom to top. With its strong cutting force, it is conducive to smooth penetration during implant hole expansion and hole preparation, stabilizes the drill body, reduces heat generation, and avoids bone necrosis. The stepped structure makes the implant cavity a step-by-step decreasing step, which makes it easy to implant the conical implant while retaining an appropriate range. The implant implant effectively squeezes the alveolar bone on the side wall of the cavity, thereby increasing bone density, making it easy to obtain ideal initial stability, and increasing the success rate of implant bone integration. Only one implant step drill is needed during the hole expansion process, which effectively avoids the displacement of the implant cavity, avoids bone damage and opportunistic infection in the bone caused by multiple preparations, reduces the difficulty of the operation, and reduces the operation time. The drill bit does not need to be replaced during the hole expansion process, which reduces opportunistic contamination, greatly improves implant efficiency, saves operator operation time, reduces postoperative reactions, and improves patient comfort.

[0042] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1In a specific embodiment, the width of the blade 12 is the same from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end. The width of the chip groove 13 gradually increases from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end. The advantage of this design is that the bone density of the implant cavity at different steps is increased during the implant cavity expansion process, while ensuring that the corresponding bone chips at different expansion steps are discharged to form a good prepared cavity. Once the cavity is prepared, the implant can be successfully implanted, reducing the chances of damage and opportunistic infection, and obtaining good initial implant stability. While obtaining good initial implant stability and improving clinical work efficiency, the success rate of implant bone integration is greatly increased.

[0043] In the implant step drill provided in the present application, the drill head 1 is provided with two oppositely disposed blade flaps 12 and two oppositely disposed chip grooves 13. In a specific embodiment, the two blade flaps 12 located at the same cross section of the drill head 1 have the same width; the two chip grooves 13 located at the same cross section of the drill head 1 have the same width. The advantage of such a design is that when the implant cavity is expanded, the bone marrow and the soft woven bone are squeezed and expanded, and the ridge cortical bone and trabecular bone are cut by the sharp cutting edge of the chip groove edge, ensuring that the corresponding amount of bone chips for different expansion step sections are discharged, minimizing bone damage during the expansion process, forming a good prepared cavity, and the implant can be smoothly implanted with one drill preparation, obtaining good initial stability of the implant, reducing the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, improving clinical work efficiency, and greatly increasing the success rate of implant bone integration.

[0044] In the implant step drill provided in the present application, in a specific embodiment, the drill tip 11 is a flat end with a transverse edge. It has a guiding direction and a protective structure, and the drill body is in a stepped shape with a gradually increasing diameter, which is conducive to the gradual deepening of the drill body when expanding and preparing the dental implant hole, so that it can stabilize the drill body, greatly reduce heat generation, effectively avoid bone necrosis, and improve the success rate of dental implantation.

[0045] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1, the blade thickness of the second cutting edge 15 is the same; the blade width of the second cutting edge 15 is the same; the spacing between adjacent blades of the second cutting edge 15 is the same. The blade thickness refers to the thickness of the outer side of each cutting edge along the axial direction of the drill head 1. The blade width refers to the distance extending from the outer side of the drill head 1 to the outer side of the blade. The spacing between adjacent blades refers to the spacing between two adjacent blades along the axial direction of the drill head 1. The advantage of this design is that while the implant cavity expansion process increases the bone density of the implant cavity at different steps, it ensures that the corresponding bone chips of different expansion steps are discharged to form a good prepared cavity. Once prepared with a drill, the implant can be successfully implanted, reducing the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, and obtaining good initial stability of the implant. While obtaining good initial stability of the implant, improving clinical work efficiency, it greatly increases the success rate of implant bone integration.

[0046] In one embodiment, the blade width of the second cutting edge 15 is 0.3-0.7 mm. The blade thickness of the second cutting edge 15 is 0.5-1.0 mm. The spacing between adjacent blades of the second cutting edge 15 is 0.7-1.2 mm.

[0047] In the implant step drill provided in the present application, the helix angle of the first cutting edge 14 can be 30° to 60°, 30° to 40°, 40° to 50°, or 50° to 60°, etc. The helix angle of the second cutting edge 15 can be 30° to 60°, 30° to 40°, 40° to 50°, or 50° to 60°, etc.

[0048] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1 In a specific embodiment, starting from the drill tip 11, the drill head 1 includes a first step section, a second step section and a third step section with increasing diameters in sequence. More specifically, the diameters of the various parts in the first step section are equal; the diameters of the various parts in the second step section are equal; and the diameters of the various parts in the third step section are equal. The advantage of this design is that the bone density of the implant cavity in different step sections is increased during the hole expansion process, while ensuring that the corresponding bone chips in different hole expansion step sections are discharged to form a good prepared cavity. Once the hole is prepared, the implant can be successfully implanted, reducing the chances of damage and opportunistic infection, and obtaining good initial stability of the implant. While obtaining good initial stability of the implant, clinical work efficiency is improved, and the success rate of implant bone integration is greatly increased.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the drill head 1 of the step drill corresponding to different implant diameters is different. For example, when the diameter of the implant is 3mm to 5mm, the diameter of the first step section is 1.8mm to 2.5mm. The diameter of the second step section is 2.2mm to 3.4mm. The diameter of the third step section is 2.8mm to 4.8mm. More specifically, when the diameter of the implant is 3mm, the diameter of the first step section is 1.8mm, the diameter of the second step section is 2.2mm, and the diameter of the third step section is 2.8mm. When the diameter of the implant is 3.8mm, the diameter of the first step section is 2.4mm, the diameter of the second step section is 2.8mm, and the diameter of the third step section is 3.6mm. When the diameter of the implant is 5mm, the diameter of the first step section is 2.4mm, the diameter of the second step section is 3.4mm, and the diameter of the third step section is 4.8mm.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the length of the drill head 1 of the stepped drill corresponding to different implant diameters is different: the length of the first step section is 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm; the length of the second step section is 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm; the length of the third step section is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0051] In the step drill for planting provided in this application, Figure 1 The neck 2 is provided with a marking area 21 to indicate the drilling depth. The marking area 21 is provided with a scale mark, and the scale mark is a marking line and / or a marking groove of different colors. A scale mark is provided on the marking area 21 at intervals of 1 mm to 3 mm or 2 mm. The scale mark is used to mark the distance from one end of the drill tip 11 of the implant step drill.

[0052] In the implant step drill provided in the present application, in a specific embodiment, the length of the drill head 1 is 7 mm to 9 mm, the length of the neck is 8 mm to 10 mm, the length of the shank 3 is 15 mm to 20 mm, and the length of the drill tip 11 is 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0053] In the step drill for planting provided in the present application, in a specific embodiment, the width of the blade 12 of the drill head 1 is 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm. The width of the blade 12 refers to: the length between the edge of the blade, i.e., the secondary cutting edge, and the tail root edge of the blade 12 measured perpendicular to the edge of the blade, i.e., the secondary cutting edge. The width of the chip groove 13 is 0.7 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0054] In the implant step drill provided in the present application, in a specific embodiment, the width of the blade 12 of the first step section is 0.3mm-0.7mm; or 0.3mm-0.5mm, etc. The width of the blade 12 of the second step section is 0.3mm-0.7mm; 0.3mm-0.5mm, etc. The width of the blade 12 of the third step section is 0.3mm-0.7mm; or 0.3mm-0.5mm, etc. The advantage of this design is that while the implant cavity expansion process increases the bone density of the implant cavity at different step sections, it ensures that the corresponding amount of bone chips at different expansion step sections are discharged to form a good prepared cavity. Once the drill is prepared, the implant can be successfully implanted, reducing the chance of damage and opportunistic infection, and obtaining good initial stability of the implant. While obtaining good initial stability of the implant, clinical work efficiency is improved, and the success rate of implant bone integration is greatly increased.

[0055] In clinical practice, the step drill is placed in a special tool box and disinfected for clinical use.

[0056] Instructions for clinical use are as follows:

[0057] During application, according to the implant surgery specifications, make an incision and open the flap under local anesthesia, first use a pilot drill to determine the hole and implant depth, then select a step drill with the corresponding diameter based on the implant diameter and alveolar bone density, and use a step drill to drill into the alveolar bone based on the effective bone height and the preoperatively designed implant length and implant depth. After reaching the predetermined depth, pull up and push out, rinse the cavity, and then implant the implant.

[0058] In the case of relatively low bone density, such as Class 3 and 4 bones, it is recommended to use a stepped drill that is at least one size smaller than the diameter of the implant to prepare the implant cavity; for example, for implants with a diameter of 4.2mm, use a stepped drill with an upper diameter of 3.6 or 3.4 to prepare the implant cavity. When the bone density is high, it is recommended to use a stepped drill corresponding to the diameter of the implant to prepare the implant cavity, and cortical bone shaping is recommended for the thicker cortical bone part of the alveolar crest area.

[0059] In summary, the implant step drill provided by the present invention is used in the preparation of implant surgery holes. During the preparation process, there is no need to expand the hole step by step, and the hole can be drilled to the bottom, avoiding bone damage and opportunistic infection in the bone caused by multiple preparations, and preventing the center line of each drill bit from being very inconsistent during the step-by-step expansion, thereby reducing the difficulty of the operation and the time of the operation. The prepared bone implant cavity is in a step-by-step decreasing step shape, which makes it easy to implant the conical implant while retaining an appropriate range, making it easy to obtain ideal initial stability and increasing the success rate of implant bone integration.

[0060] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A step drill for planting, characterized in that: The implant step drill comprises a drill head (1), a neck (2) and a shank (3) connected in sequence; the drill head (1) is provided with adjacent blades (12) and chip grooves (13), the blades (12) and chip grooves (13) being arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference of the drill head (1); the drill head (1) comprises a drill tip (11); the drill tip (11) is a flat end with a chisel edge; the blade (12) comprises a plurality of stepped sections with increasing diameters in sequence from the end of the drill tip (11); the outer edge of the blade (12) is provided with a first a cutting edge (14); a second cutting edge (15) extending helically is provided on the outer periphery of the blade flap (12); the helix angle of the first cutting edge (14) is equal to the helix angle of the second cutting edge (15); the helix angle of the first cutting edge (14) is 30°-60°; the helix angle of the second cutting edge (15) is 30°-60°; the chip groove (13) on the outer surface of the drill head (1) is clockwise or counterclockwise; the neck (2) is provided with an identification area (21); and the identification area (21) is provided with a scale mark.

2. The step drill for planting as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the blade flap (12) is the same from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end; and the width of the chip removal groove (13) gradually increases from the distal neck end to the proximal neck end.

3. The step drill for planting as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The drill head (1) is provided with two oppositely disposed blade lobes (12) and two oppositely disposed chip removal grooves (13).

4. The step drill for planting as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The two blade lobes (12) located at the same cross section of the drill head (1) have the same width; and the two chip removal grooves (13) located at the same cross section of the drill head (1) have the same width.

5. The step drill for planting as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The blade thickness of the second cutting edges (15) is the same; the blade width of the second cutting edges (15) is the same; and the spacing between adjacent blades of the second cutting edges (15) is the same.

6. The step drill for planting as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Starting from the drill tip (11), the drill head (1) comprises a first step section, a second step section and a third step section, the diameters of which increase successively.

7. The step drill for planting as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The diameters of the various parts in the first step section are equal; and / or, the diameters of the various parts in the second step section are equal; And / or, the diameters of the various parts in the third step section are equal.

8. The step drill for planting as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The scale markings are marking lines and / or marking grooves of different colors.

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