A rear axle suspension system for a large transport vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a rear axle balanced suspension system for large transport vehicles. It employs a balanced suspension structure with two sets of balance arms supported between the middle and rear axles, each end supported by front and rear supports respectively. The upper support of the balance arms is equipped with an arc-shaped limiting surface, while the lower support of the axle is equipped with anti-shear pins for limiting. A balance shaft is connected between the two balance arms, with a limiting pin between the balance shaft support seat and the balance shaft. The balance shaft support seat is supported by a lower thrust rod connector, and anti-shear pins are mutually fitted between the lower thrust rod connector and the balance shaft support seat. The balance shaft is clamped between the balance shaft support seat and the frame connector seat. Limiting annular bosses are provided on the inner sides of both the balance shaft support seat and the frame connector seat. This invention features two upper and four lower thrust rods. The rear suspension system of this invention can bear a weight of up to 100 tons, with a simplified structure, light weight, multiple concealed limiting elements, and structural stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle engineering technology, and in particular to a mid-rear axle suspension system suitable for heavy-duty special transport vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] The suspension system is a collective term for all force transmission devices between the vehicle frame (or body) and the axle (or wheels). A typical suspension structure consists of elastic elements, guiding mechanisms, and damping devices. Heavy-duty vehicles such as heavy trucks, cement mixers, pump trucks, and cranes generally use a dual rear axle balanced suspension system. However, during operation, this system experiences significant impacts on the road surface, and the vehicle itself also bears considerable stress, thus reducing the overall vehicle lifespan, compromising comfort, and increasing fuel consumption and costs due to its heavier weight.

[0003] A balanced suspension system consists of a balance arm positioned between the center and rear axles. The balance arm is fitted onto a balance shaft and can rotate on it. Both ends of the balance arm are mounted on the center and rear axles, thus transferring the vehicle's rear axle load to the axles. Balance arms can be located either below or above the axle. Under-axle configurations are easier to disassemble for maintenance, but have lower ground clearance and more complex stress distribution. Above-axle configurations have a more singular stress distribution, but disassembly is more difficult, and the axles are more prone to wear.

[0004] Therefore, how to balance the installation, stress, and balance of the rear suspension is a problem that large multi-axle drive vehicles urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a rear axle balanced suspension system for large transport vehicles. This suspension system employs a balanced suspension design, and through improvements in structure and layout, ensures the stability of the connection between the vehicle frame and the axle, is easy to assemble and disassemble, is resistant to wear, and solves the problem of high-position installation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A rear axle balance suspension system for a large transport vehicle, positioned between the middle and rear axles, includes a balance arm assembly, a balance shaft assembly, and a thrust rod assembly. The balance shaft assembly is supported between the left and right balance arm assemblies. Its distinguishing feature is:

[0008] The front and rear ends of the balance arm assembly are supported on the middle and rear axles by the front bracket and the rear bracket, respectively.

[0009] The balance arm assembly includes a balance arm and a balance arm cover plate;

[0010] The balance shaft assembly includes a balance shaft support, a balance shaft, and a frame connector.

[0011] The thrust rod assembly includes an upper thrust rod and a lower thrust rod;

[0012] The front and rear brackets have the same structure, both consisting of upper and lower parts. The upper part of the bracket is a "U"-shaped structure, in which the balance arm is supported. The top of the "U"-shaped structure is a lower circular arch, and the bottom of the inner part is an upper circular arch, with the upper and lower arches facing each other. The lower part of the bracket is a hollow frame structure, in which the middle / rear axle is supported. The top and bottom of the hollow frame structure are equipped with anti-shear pins that are connected to the middle / rear axle.

[0013] The balance shaft support base supports the balance shaft at its top, and the balance shaft support base and the balance shaft are mutually matched with limit pins;

[0014] The lower thrust rod is located below the left and right balance arm assemblies, with one end connected to the bottom of the front / rear bracket and the other end connected to the bottom of the lower thrust rod connecting seat; the balance shaft support seat is supported on the lower thrust rod connecting seat, and anti-shear pins are mutually provided between the lower thrust rod connecting seat and the balance shaft support seat;

[0015] The upper thrust rod is positioned between the left and right balance arm assemblies, with one end connected to the frame connecting seat and the other end connected to the middle / rear axle.

[0016] Furthermore: the balance arm is shaped like a goose wing with both ends curving upwards, and a thin-walled weight-reducing surface is provided on the ventral surface of the balance arm. Wear-resistant blocks are installed on both sides of the balance arm at both ends, and limit blocks are installed on the front and rear parts of the balance arm facing the inside of the vehicle body. When the balance arm swings left and right, the limit blocks contact and limit the movement with the frame limit plate installed on the frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer side of the "U"-shaped structure on the upper part of the bracket is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs closer to the outer side of the vehicle are longer than the reinforcing ribs closer to the inner side of the vehicle.

[0018] Furthermore: the upper part of the bracket is constructed into a "U"-shaped structure by a portal frame and an upper base, and the portal frame and the upper base are integrally cast;

[0019] The lower part of the support is a spatial frame structure composed of four connecting columns, an upper base, and a lower base. The upper base of the lower part of the support and the upper base of the upper part of the support are shared as a single component.

[0020] Furthermore, each of the shear pins is fitted into the corresponding mounting body, and a threaded hole or wrench hole is provided in the middle of the shear pin.

[0021] Furthermore: a support base connecting plate is connected between the two lower thrust rod connecting seats on the left and right sides, and the balance shaft support is installed on the support base connecting plate.

[0022] Furthermore: the balance shaft support and the frame connecting seat are respectively provided with semi-circular grooves, which together form a complete circle for mounting the balance shaft;

[0023] On the balance shaft support, on the side opposite to the balance arm, there is a semi-annular boss. The semi-annular boss is axial with the semi-circular groove on the balance shaft support seat, but protrudes from the balance shaft support seat.

[0024] On the side opposite to the balance arm on the frame connecting seat, there is a semi-annular boss II. The semi-annular boss II is equiaxial with the semi-circular groove on the frame connecting seat, but protrudes from the frame connecting seat.

[0025] Furthermore, the top of the lower thrust rod connecting seat has a "∟" shaped right angle portion, and the balance shaft support seat is connected in two directions by bolts on the inside of the right angle portion.

[0026] Furthermore, two downward thrust rods are provided below the single-sided balance arm assembly of the vehicle. The distal ends of the two downward thrust rods are connected to the front bracket and the rear bracket respectively, and the proximal ends are connected to the downward thrust rod connecting seat.

[0027] Furthermore: there are two upper thrust rods, which are placed on the front and rear sides of the frame connecting seat, at the same height and on the same straight line;

[0028] The upper thrust rod at the front end is connected to the frame connecting seat at one end and to the front mounting seat of the upper thrust rod at the other end. The upper thrust rod at the rear end is connected to the frame connecting seat at one end and to the rear mounting seat of the upper thrust rod at the other end.

[0029] The upper thrust rod front mounting base includes a base, and two vertical walls are arranged at the center of the front and rear of the base. The thrust rod shaft is installed between the two vertical walls, and the roots of the two vertical walls extend to the front and rear sides of equal length.

[0030] The upper thrust rod rear mounting base includes a base, with two vertical walls arranged in a centered position on the base, and a thrust rod shaft installed between the two vertical walls. The roots of the two vertical walls extend only forward.

[0031] The rear axle suspension system provided by this invention is both balanced and stable. It is longitudinally limited by a thrust rod and balance arm; laterally limited by a balance shaft mounting base and balance arm limiting block; and vertically limited by a balance arm mounting bracket. The entire system is also limited by a buffer block. This suspension structure is simple, lightweight, and easy to disassemble for maintenance. Wear-resistant parts are provided for easily worn areas, and the limiting parts have limiting structures, requiring only the replacement of small parts. In this suspension design, the balance arm is located above the axle, significantly increasing the chassis ground clearance. The balance arm is separated from the axle and does not directly contact it, preventing axle wear; the balance arm is only subjected to frame pressure, simplifying stress distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the suspension system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a set of opposing diagrams of the balance arms;

[0035] Figure 3 Here is a structural diagram of the balance arm cover plate;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the vehicle frame limiting plate;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the front support structure;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the upper part of the front bracket;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the lower part of the front support;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a side view of the suspension system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the balance shaft support and the lower thrust rod connecting seat.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the balance shaft support.

[0043] Figure 11 Here is a diagram of the bearing structure;

[0044] Figure 12 For bearing installation diagram;

[0045] Figure 13 Diagram of the lower thrust rod connection;

[0046] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the opposing positions of a set of lower thrust rod connecting seats;

[0047] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the connection of the upper thrust rod;

[0048] Figure 16 Diagram of the front mounting bracket for the upper thrust rod;

[0049] Figure 17 This is a diagram of the mounting bracket for the upper thrust rod. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein the drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the present invention. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the following embodiments are not the only limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or modifications made under the spirit and essence of the technical solutions of the present invention should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the rear axle suspension system provided by this invention is a balanced suspension, including balance arm assemblies 1. Two sets of balance arm assemblies 1 are supported between the middle axle and the rear axle, and are arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle. The two sets of balance arm assemblies 1 are supported at both ends by front brackets 2 and rear brackets 3, respectively, and are connected in the middle by a balance shaft assembly 4. Thrust rod assemblies 5 are provided above and below the suspension system. In addition, there are frame connecting frames 6, frame limiting plates 7, and other supporting components and connecting parts. This invention mainly introduces improvements to the structure and connection relationships of the above components.

[0052] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the balance arm assembly 1 includes a balance arm 11, a balance arm cover plate 12, a wear-resistant block 13, and a limiting block 14. The balance arm used in this invention is characterized by a rigid beam structure, integral casting, a goose-wing shape with upturned ends, and support from front and rear supports, resulting in a balanced and stable shape. The balance arm assembly has the balance arm 11 as its main body, with the balance arm cover plate 12, wear-resistant block 13, and limiting block 14 all mounted on the balance arm 11.

[0053] The balance arm 11 departs from the traditional method of drilling a round hole for the shaft. Instead, a semi-circular groove 111 is cut into the middle of the top of the balance arm 11 to hold the balance shaft. A balance arm cover plate 12 is set above the lower semi-circular groove. Correspondingly, an upper semi-circular groove 121 is set at the bottom of the balance arm cover plate 12 opposite to the lower semi-circular groove. The upper and lower semi-circular grooves interlock to form a complete circle to clamp the balance shaft. This method facilitates the installation and disassembly of the shaft. In addition, a weight-reducing surface 112 is designed on the non-load-bearing part of the side of the balance arm 11. That is, the weight-reducing surface is thinner than the rest of the wall surface, which is used to reduce weight. The lightweight design reduces the overall weight of the vehicle.

[0054] Wear-resistant blocks 13 are bolted to both sides of the balance arm to contact the front and rear supports and prevent damage to the castings. If damaged, the wear-resistant blocks can be replaced directly, resulting in minimal material consumption.

[0055] Meanwhile, at the front and rear of the balance arm, on the side facing inwards from the vehicle body, a limit block 14 is installed. This limit block 14 is used to engage with the frame limit plate 7 installed on the frame. Figure 1 ( ) In contact with each other, the frame limiting plate 7 is a long actuating plate. Figure 4As shown, one end is mounted on the frame, and the other end contacts the limiting block 14 during swinging, thus limiting the movement. Two frame limiting plates 7 are mounted on the frame, front and rear. When the balance arm swings left and right, the steering force acts on the middle of the balance arm, resulting in a longer and more reliable lever arm. Because the limiting effect of the frame limiting plates 7 restricts the balance arm from swinging freely, the contact between the limiting block 14 and the frame limiting plates 7 reduces wear on the balance arm. Furthermore, the limiting block 14 is installed on the weight-reducing surface of the balance arm.

[0056] The front and rear support structures of this invention are the same; one of them will be used as an example for description, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the bracket is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is used to install the balance arm, and the lower part is used to install the axle. The upper part of the bracket is a "U"-shaped structure composed of a portal frame 21 and an upper base 22. The portal frame 21 and the upper base 22 are integrally cast, and the balance arm extends into the cavity of the "U"-shaped structure. Furthermore, the invention makes the top of the cavity into a downward arch 23 and the bottom into an upward arch 24, both of which are arc surfaces, as shown. Figure 5 As shown, the upper and lower arches are opposite each other, and the balance arm 11 moves between the two arches. The innovation of this invention lies in the fact that the curvature of the arches adapts to the upward or downward bouncing motion of the balance arm. The arch design reduces friction on the balance arm 11, thus reducing wear. In addition, the outer wall of the "U"-shaped structure is provided with reinforcing ribs 25. It is particularly noteworthy that the reinforcing ribs on the outer wall near the outside of the vehicle are longer than those on the outer wall near the inside of the vehicle, because the force exerted by the balance arm on the outside of the vehicle is greater. The upper part of the bracket structure stably supports the balance arm 11, and the vertical and horizontal movements of the balance arm are limited, ensuring the stability of the vehicle.

[0057] The lower part of the support structure is a spatial frame constructed from four connecting columns 26, an upper base 22, and a lower base 27. The connecting columns 26 connect the upper base 22 and the lower base 27. The upper base 22 and the upper part of the support structure share a single component, making the support structure a whole. A structural feature of the lower part of the support structure is that shear pins 28 are provided at the bottom of the upper base 22 and the top of the lower base 27. Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, this is also a major feature of the present invention: the anti-shear pin 28 is used to limit the movement of the axle, and a corresponding pin groove is provided on the axle. Furthermore, a pin hole 29 is provided on the base, and the anti-shear pin 28 is fitted into the pin hole 29 with a clearance of 0.001-0.005mm. The anti-shear pin 28 has a threaded hole or wrench hole in the middle, for removal during disassembly using a threaded tool or wrench. Thus, when the axle and the bracket are shearing against each other, only the anti-shear pin needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire bracket.

[0058] The axle is provided with a pin groove that matches the anti-shear pin. When the axle is seated between the upper base 22 and the lower base 27, it can be limited in any direction by the anti-shear pin to prevent the axle from swaying, while also protecting the four connecting columns. The bottom of the lower base 27 is provided with a lower thrust rod connecting block 30 for connecting the lower thrust rod.

[0059] like Figure 1 , 8 As shown, the balance shaft assembly 4 includes a balance shaft support 41, a support connecting plate 42, a balance shaft 43, and a frame connecting plate 44. There are two balance shaft support 41s, left and right, respectively located inside the left and right balance arms. The left and right balance shaft support 41s are supported by the left and right lower thrust rod connecting seats 51, which are connected by the support connecting plate 42. The support connecting plate 42 is connected by the lower thrust rod connecting seats 51. The balance shaft support 41 sits on the support connecting plate 42, and the two balance shaft support 41s together support the balance shaft 43. The function of the support connecting plate 42 is not only to connect the left and right lower thrust rod connecting seats 51 to ensure structural integrity, but also to support the balance shaft support 41 and thus the balance shaft 43. The frame connecting plate 44 covers the top of the balance shaft 43.

[0060] Furthermore, the balance shaft support 41 and the lower thrust rod connecting seat 51 can also be manufactured as a single piece, such as... Figure 9 As shown, this better ensures the strength and stability of the structure.

[0061] The structure of the balance shaft support 41 single part is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, as an important support component of the balance shaft, its characteristic is that a semi-circular groove 411 is provided at the top center of the balance shaft support seat, the diameter of which matches the balance shaft 43 for placing the balance shaft. In particular, a limit pin hole 412 is provided inside the semi-circular groove 411, and a limit pin is correspondingly provided on the balance shaft 43 (the pin hole and the pin only need to be relatively set in the groove and on the shaft, and it is not necessary to limit which part they must be set on). This special design of the pin hole and the pin cooperating can prevent the balance shaft 43 from sliding.

[0062] Another important feature is that a semi-annular boss 413 is provided on the side of the balance shaft support 41 opposite to the balance arm 11. The semi-annular boss 413 is equiaxial with the semi-circular groove 411 on the balance shaft support 41 and protrudes from the balance shaft support 41. The semi-annular boss 413 is a very important design feature. Its function is to limit the swing of the balance arm. Due to the spacing of the semi-annular boss 413, the balance arm 11 cannot directly contact the balance shaft support 41 and generate friction, thus protecting the balance arm 11 and the balance shaft support 41. It also limits the amount of swing of the balance arm, thereby making the suspension more stable. The periphery of the semi-circular groove 411 at the top of the balance shaft support 41 is a platform 414, which is used to install the frame connecting seat 44.

[0063] Similarly, a semi-circular groove is designed at the bottom of the frame connecting seat 44, which is used to correspond with the semi-circular groove 411 on the balance shaft support seat 41, together forming a complete circle to clamp the balance shaft 43; the frame connecting seat 44 supports the frame above. Therefore, the balance shaft 43 is firmly fixed by the circular hole formed by the balance arm 11 and the balance arm cover plate 12, and the circular hole formed by the balance shaft support seat 41 and the frame connecting seat 44, so that it cannot slip and the relative mobility of the balance arm is guaranteed.

[0064] Similarly, on the side of the frame connecting seat 44 opposite to the balance arm 11, there is a semi-annular boss 2, which has the same function as the semi-annular boss 1 413. The semi-annular boss 2 on the frame connecting seat 44 is equiaxial with the semi-circular groove on it. The semi-annular boss 2 protrudes from the frame connecting seat 44. The semi-annular boss 2 is also a very important design. Its function is to limit the swing of the balance arm and prevent the balance arm from directly contacting the frame connecting seat 44 and generating friction.

[0065] Furthermore, the axial thickness of the first semi-annular boss is greater than that of the second semi-annular boss. This measure is to protect the frame connecting seat 44. When the balance arm swings, the balance shaft support seat 41 is compressed first, causing it to bear a greater force. This is done to protect the stability of the frame and because the balance shaft support seat 41 is a solid casting with stable wall thickness, resistance to deformation, and strong load-bearing capacity. This invention uses this concealed limiting design, saving external space and resulting in a simple and aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0066] A high-polymer wear-resistant bearing 45 is fitted onto the balance shaft 43. The bearing 45 is also a significant improvement of this invention; it rests within a groove in the balance arm 11 to reduce friction with the balance arm. Figure 11As shown, the bearing has a three-layer structure: inner, middle, and outer. The inner layer 451 and outer layer 453 are made of polymer nano-rubber material, and the middle layer 452 is made of metal material. The polymer nano-material has good wear resistance, and the metal material can ensure the shape of the parts. Both the inner and outer layers are rubber. The inner layer is in contact with the balance shaft, and the friction can effectively prevent the balance shaft from rotating relative to the balance shaft. The outer layer is in contact with the balance arm, and the wear resistance of the rubber reduces wear.

[0067] The bearing 45 has a continuous notch A, which disconnects the bearing on one side, allowing each layer of material to deform under pressure. Furthermore, the outer layer 453 has an extension opening B at this notch, providing even more deformation space for the outer layer material. Further, on the opposite side of the outer layer 453 from notch A, an extension opening C is also provided; this extension opening is not continuous. Furthermore, on the opposite side of the notch A, the intermediate layer 452 has a continuous notch D. All these openings are designed to ensure sufficient deformation space for the bearing. The counterweight arm's groove is semi-circular, so when the bearing is placed in the counterweight arm's groove, as... Figure 12 As shown, the openings on both sides of the bearing are on the same horizontal plane, located exactly at the upper edge of the groove. An overflow space is reserved at the upper edge of the groove to allow for bearing deformation.

[0068] For thrust rod assembly 5, this suspension system includes six thrust rods in total, two at the top and four at the bottom. Figure 1 and 13 As shown, the rear suspension system of this invention has two lower thrust rods 52 arranged below each side balance arm. The two lower thrust rods on the same side are in the same plane, and the distal ends of the two lower thrust rods are respectively connected to the front and rear brackets (the two thrust rods are associated with the front axle and the rear axle respectively). The proximal ends of the two lower thrust rods are connected by a lower thrust rod connecting seat 51. The lower thrust rod connecting seat 51 has its own special structure, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the lower thrust rod connecting seat 51 not only serves as a connector for the lower thrust rod 52, but also as an indirect support for the balance shaft 43. A thrust rod connecting part 511 is provided at the bottom of the lower thrust rod connecting seat 51. This connecting part has a recess for accommodating the thrust rod head and bolt holes for installing bolts. The bolts connect the thrust rod shaft, and the thrust rod is sleeved on the thrust rod shaft and can rotate. The top of the lower thrust rod connecting seat 51 has a "∟"-shaped right angle part 512, which is used to install the balance shaft support seat 41 and also to install the support seat connecting plate 42. The balance shaft support seat 41 is connected to the lower thrust rod connecting seat 51 by bolts in both the horizontal and vertical directions, further enhancing the connection strength.

[0069] Furthermore, a limiting groove 513 is provided on the horizontal surface of the "∟"-shaped right angle portion of the lower thrust rod connecting seat 51. Correspondingly, a corresponding anti-shear pin is provided at the bottom of the balance shaft support seat 41, or the two are configured in reverse. The limiting groove and the anti-shear pin are matched to restrict the balance shaft support seat 41 and the support seat connecting plate 42 from moving in any direction on the lower thrust rod connecting seat 51, thus maintaining stability.

[0070] This suspension system uses two thrust rods in the upper part, such as Figure 1 and Figure 15 As shown, two upper thrust rods 53 are installed at the upper part between the two sets of balance arms. The two upper thrust rods 53 are positioned on the front and rear sides of the frame connecting seat 44, at the same height and on the same straight line. One end of the front upper thrust rod 53 is connected to the frame connecting seat 44, and the other end is connected to the front mounting seat 54 of the upper thrust rod. One end of the rear upper thrust rod 53 is connected to the frame connecting seat 44, and the other end is connected to the rear mounting seat 55 of the upper thrust rod. In this invention, the front and rear upper thrust rods use the same length. However, due to vehicle model limitations, the different distances of the thrust rods from the middle and rear axles, and structural avoidance issues, the same mounting seat cannot accommodate the thrust rods. Therefore, the form of the connection seat with the axle must be changed.

[0071] like Figure 16 As shown, the upper thrust rod 53 and the upper thrust rod front mounting seat 54 on the middle bridge, which is located further away, are centrally connected. Specifically, a vertical wall 542 is positioned centrally on the base 541 of the upper thrust rod front mounting seat 54. The base of the vertical wall extends and widens to the front and rear sides at equal length, and a reinforcing rib 543 is added to its outer side. Firstly, the widening and thickening of the vertical wall base is to enhance the connection strength, because if the thrust rod shaft is installed between the two vertical walls 542 and the base is not strong enough, it is easy for the vertical wall base to break when the thrust rod shaft is pulled. Secondly, the vertical wall 542 is positioned in the middle of the base to accommodate the length of the thrust rod. Thirdly, the thrust rod shaft is connected to the front side of the vertical wall, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this is to enhance the backward pulling force of the thrust rod, making the thrust rod shaft and bolts less prone to breakage, suitable for climbing conditions.

[0072] like Figure 17 As shown, the upper thrust rod 53 and the upper thrust rod rear mounting seat 55 on the nearby rear axle are connected in a rearward offset manner. That is, a vertical wall 552 is set on the base 551 of the upper thrust rod rear mounting seat 55 at a rearward position. Figure 1 As shown, the vertical wall only extends and widens in the forward direction to accommodate the length of the thrust rod. Similarly, reinforcing ribs 553 are also provided on the outer side of the vertical wall; the thrust rod shaft is also connected to the front side of the vertical wall. The connection of the thrust rod shaft to the front side of the vertical wall is to enhance the backward pulling force of the thrust rod. The thrust rod shaft and bolts are not easy to break, which is suitable for climbing conditions.

[0073] The entire rear suspension system is designed with high load-bearing capacity, stability, and lightweight construction in mind. The stabilizer arm is connected to the axle via a mounting bracket, which connects to both the stabilizer arm and the axle, and is easily replaceable after wear. Wear-resistant parts are added to the easily worn surfaces of the stabilizer arm to reduce friction, and these parts are also easily replaceable after wear. The stabilizer arm and stabilizer shaft are connected using a single-piece structure, facilitating maintenance and disassembly. Most of the limiting mechanisms are concealed, requiring no external components, resulting in a simple and lightweight overall structure. For limiting, longitudinally, the vehicle is limited by two upper and four lower thrust rods, with three thrust rods per axle transmitting X-direction thrust. Laterally, limiting is achieved through the front and rear stabilizer arm brackets. Vertically, damping blocks are installed above the suspension. When the middle axle bounces upward or the rear axle bounces downward, the middle axle is limited by the damping block, and the rear axle by the stabilizer arm mounting bracket; conversely, when the middle axle bounces downward or the rear axle bounces upward, the middle axle is limited by the stabilizer arm mounting bracket, and the rear axle by the damping block. Regarding the swing of the balance arm, it is limited by the boss between the balance shaft support and the frame connecting seat. Based on the above characteristics, the suspension not only supports the frame but also balances the movement of the middle and rear axles, ensuring that the middle and rear axles move in the appropriate positions on the balance shaft. It supports the forces on the middle and rear axles, ensuring that the middle and rear axles do not rotate around the Y and Z axes, thus keeping the middle and rear axles in normal working condition.

Claims

1. A rear axle balance suspension system for a large transport vehicle, disposed between the middle axle and the rear axle, comprising a balance arm assembly, a balance shaft assembly, and a thrust rod assembly, wherein the balance shaft assembly is supported between the left and right balance arm assemblies, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the balance arm assembly are respectively supported on the middle bridge and the rear bridge by the front bracket and the rear bracket; The balance arm assembly includes a balance arm and a balance arm cover plate; The balance shaft assembly includes a balance shaft support seat, a balance shaft, and a frame connection seat; The thrust rod assembly includes an upper thrust rod and a lower thrust rod; The front bracket and the rear bracket have the same structure and both include upper and lower parts. Among them, the upper part of the bracket is a "mouth" - shaped structure. The balance arm is supported in the "mouth" - shaped structure. The inner top of the "mouth" - shaped structure is a lower arc arch, and the inner bottom is an upper arc arch. The upper and lower arches are opposite to each other. The lower part of the bracket is an empty - frame structure. The middle / rear bridge is supported in the empty - frame structure. Shearing pins are mutually arranged between the inner top and inner bottom of the empty - frame structure and the middle / rear bridge; The top of the balance shaft support seat supports the balance shaft, and a limit pin is mutually arranged between the balance shaft support seat and the balance shaft; The lower thrust rod is arranged below the left and right balance arm assemblies. One end is connected to the bottom of the front / rear bracket, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the lower thrust rod connection seat. The lower thrust rod connection seat supports the balance shaft support seat, and a shearing pin is mutually arranged between the lower thrust rod connection seat and the balance shaft support seat; The upper thrust rod is arranged between the left and right balance arm assemblies. One end is connected to the frame connection seat, and the other end is connected to the middle / rear bridge; Semicircular grooves are correspondingly opened on the balance shaft support seat and the frame connection seat, jointly forming a complete circle for installing the balance shaft; On one side of the balance shaft support seat opposite to the balance arm, a semi - annular boss one is provided. The semi - annular boss one is concentric with the semi - circular groove on the balance shaft support seat but protrudes from the balance shaft support seat; On one side of the frame connection seat opposite to the balance arm, a semi - annular boss two is provided. The semi - annular boss two is concentric with the semi - circular groove on the frame connection seat but protrudes from the frame connection seat; Moreover, the axial thickness of the semi - annular boss one is greater than that of the semi - annular boss two; A high - molecular wear - resistant bearing is sleeved on the balance shaft. The bearing lies in the semi - circular groove of the balance arm. The bearing has an inner, middle, and outer three - layer structure. The inner and outer layers are made of high - molecular nano - rubber materials, and the middle layer is made of metal materials. An on - off notch A is opened on the bearing. An extended notch B is opened outward on the outer layer at the notch A. An extended notch C is opened on the outer layer on the side opposite to the notch A, and the extended notch C is not on - off. An on - off notch D is opened on the middle layer on the side opposite to the notch A.

2. The rear axle balance suspension system for large transport vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance arm is in the shape of a wild - goose wing with both ends upturned. A thin - wall weight - reducing surface is provided on the ventral surface of the balance arm. Wear - resistant blocks are installed on both sides of the two ends of the balance arm. Limit blocks are installed on the side facing the inside of the vehicle at the front and rear parts of the balance arm. When the balance arm swings left and right, the limit blocks contact and limit with the frame limit plate installed on the frame; The wear - resistant blocks are installed by bolts and are used to contact the front and rear brackets; 3. The rear axle balance suspension system for large transport vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reinforcing ribs are provided on the outside of the "mouth" - shaped structure of the upper part of the bracket, and the reinforcing rib closer to the outside of the vehicle is longer than the reinforcing rib closer to the inside of the vehicle; 4. The rear axle balance suspension system for large transport vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the bracket is constructed into a "mouth" - shaped structure by a portal frame and an upper base. The portal frame and the upper base are integrally cast; The lower part of the support is a spatial frame structure composed of four connecting columns, an upper base, and a lower base. The upper base of the lower part of the support and the upper base of the upper part of the support are shared as a single component.

5. The rear axle balance suspension system for large transport vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the anti-shear pins is fitted into the corresponding mounting body, and a threaded hole or wrench hole is provided in the middle of the anti-shear pin.

6. The rear axle balance suspension system for large transport vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate is connected between the two lower thrust rod connecting seats on the left and right sides, and the balance shaft support is installed on the support plate.

7. The rear axle balance suspension system for large transport vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the lower thrust rod connecting seat has a "∟" shaped right angle portion, and the balance shaft support seat is connected in two directions by bolts on the inside of the right angle portion.

8. The rear axle balance suspension system for large transport vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two downward thrust rods are installed below the single-sided balance arm assembly of the vehicle. The far ends of the two downward thrust rods are connected to the front bracket and the rear bracket respectively, and the proximal ends are connected to the downward thrust rod connecting seat.

9. The rear axle balance suspension system for large transport vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two upper thrust rods, which are placed on the front and rear sides of the frame connecting seat, at the same height and on the same straight line. The upper thrust rod at the front end is connected to the frame connecting seat at one end and to the front mounting seat of the upper thrust rod at the other end. The upper thrust rod at the rear end is connected to the frame connecting seat at one end and to the rear mounting seat of the upper thrust rod at the other end. The upper thrust rod front mounting base includes a base, and two vertical walls are arranged at the center of the front and rear of the base. The thrust rod shaft is installed between the two vertical walls, and the roots of the two vertical walls extend to the front and rear sides of equal length. The upper thrust rod rear mounting base includes a base, with two vertical walls arranged in a centered position on the base, and a thrust rod shaft installed between the two vertical walls. The roots of the two vertical walls extend only forward.

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