A double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device and quenching method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device and a quenching method, which belong to the field of heat treatment technology, and include an air inlet channel, a quenching chamber, a material basket, a conveying mechanism, a drainage chamber and an air outlet channel, wherein a first workstation and a second workstation are provided in the quenching chamber; the bottom areas of the first workstation and the second workstation are both larger than the bottom area of ​​the material basket, the heights of the first workstation and the second workstation are both larger than twice the height of the material basket, and lifting and splitting mechanisms are provided on both sides of the first workstation and the second workstation; the two material baskets are in a stacked state when entering the air-cooled quenching chamber, and are split and air-cooled and quenched in the quenching chamber by the lifting and splitting mechanisms of the two workstations, and are stacked again in the quenching chamber after quenching is completed, and the material baskets are still in a double-layer stacked state when leaving the quenching chamber; the needs of simultaneous air-cooled quenching production of a large number of workpieces can be met; the heat treatment production line has high production capacity and occupies less space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, and in particular relates to a double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device and a quenching method. Background Art

[0002] As a key technology in the heat treatment process, air-cooled quenching has the advantages of small deformation, small residual stress, good stability of the workpiece after treatment, and no rebound of geometric dimensions. Therefore, it is widely used in the heat treatment of complex-shaped structural parts such as thin-walled aluminum alloy parts and engine cylinder heads, and has advantages that cannot be replaced by other quenching methods.

[0003] However, due to the limitations of traditional single-layer air-cooled quenching technology, only a single layer and a single basket of workpieces can be processed each time. In order to ensure the quenching effect, cooling air gaps are left between the workpieces, so the loading capacity of a single basket is limited. The overall heat treatment production line has low production capacity. The layout of the corresponding heat treatment equipment occupies a large space, the production line is long, the equipment investment is high, and the energy consumption is high.

[0004] Therefore, a new technical solution is urgently needed in the existing technology to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device and a quenching method, which are used to solve the problems of low production capacity and long production line of the overall heat treatment production line.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device, including an air inlet channel, a quenching chamber, a material basket, a conveying mechanism, a drainage chamber and an air outlet channel, and a first workstation and a second workstation are provided in the quenching chamber; the bottom areas of the first workstation and the second workstation are both larger than the bottom area of ​​the material basket, and the heights of the first workstation and the second workstation are both greater than twice the height of the material basket, and a lifting and splitting mechanism is provided on both sides of the first workstation and the second workstation; the lifting and splitting mechanism includes a guide rod, a lifting part and an electric push rod; the lifting part is provided with an extension arm and a load-bearing rod; the extension arm extends perpendicular to the lifting part into the quenching chamber, and there are two extension arms; the load-bearing rod is fixed to one end of the two extension arms away from the lifting part; and lifting brackets are provided on both sides of the material basket.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting part is connected to the guide rod through a sliding fit of the guide wheel. The lifting part is a rectangular frame structure. The upper frame of the lifting part is fixed to the top of the electric push rod, and the lower frame of the lifting part is provided with an extension arm and a load-bearing rod; the lifting bracket of the material basket is a groove structure, and the lifting bracket of the material basket is arranged at the lower part of both sides of the material basket.

[0008] The air inlet channel is connected to the upper end of the quenching chamber; the lower end of the quenching chamber is connected to the drainage chamber, and the quenching chamber is provided with a feed door and a discharge door; the drainage chamber is provided with a first arc-shaped guide plate and a second arc-shaped guide plate, the drainage chamber is connected to the air outlet channel, and a conveying mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the drainage chamber; fans are provided in both the air outlet channel and the air inlet channel.

[0009] The feed door and the discharge door are both directly connected to the cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the conveying mechanism is conveying rollers arranged at intervals.

[0011] Preferably, the quenching chamber is provided with an inner partition; the lifting and splitting mechanism is arranged between the inner partition and the outer wall of the quenching chamber; a slot is opened on the inner partition for the extension arm to lift and slide; the extension arm extends into the quenching chamber through the slot.

[0012] The quenching method using the above-mentioned double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Prepare two material baskets, stack the two material baskets, and send them to the first station of the quenching chamber by the conveyor mechanism;

[0014] Step 2: The load-bearing rod of the lifting and splitting mechanism of the first station supports the lifting brackets on both sides of the upper fabric basket to lift the fabric basket so that it leaves the lower fabric basket and approaches the air inlet channel;

[0015] Step 3: Start the conveying mechanism and convey the lower material basket to the second station. The load-bearing rods of the lifting and splitting mechanism of the second station support the lifting brackets on both sides of the basket to lift the basket so that it is close to the air inlet channel and is air-cooled and quenched together with the basket above the first station.

[0016] Step 4: After the air-cooling quenching is completed, the lifting and splitting mechanism of the first station is lowered, and the material basket is placed on the conveying mechanism, which is then sent to the second station. The lifting and splitting mechanism of the second station is lowered, and the material basket is stacked again, and then sent out of the quenching chamber by the conveying mechanism.

[0017] Through the above design scheme, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The layout of the top fan is designed to accommodate the high production capacity of large baskets, and can meet the needs of simultaneous air-cooling and quenching of a large number of workpieces;

[0019] 2. Double baskets are used for loading and cooling, resulting in high production capacity of the heat treatment production line. The layout of the heat treatment equipment takes up less space and the production line is shorter.

[0020] 3. Set up arc-shaped guide plates to reduce the wind resistance of the system. When quenching, the wind speed flowing through the surface of the workpiece is high, and the quenching effect is good; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of a double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device and quenching method of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is an AA cross-sectional view of a double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device and quenching method of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a BB cross-sectional view of a double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device and quenching method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a top sectional view of a double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device and quenching method of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure, 1-air inlet channel, 2-quenching chamber, 21-first station, 22-second station, 23-feeding door, 24-discharging door, 25-direct-connected cylinder, 26-inner partition, 3-material basket, 31-lifting bracket, 4-transmission mechanism, 5-drainage chamber, 51-first arc guide plate, 52-second arc guide plate, 6-air outlet channel, 7-lifting and splitting mechanism, 71-guide rod, 72-lifting part, 721-extension arm, 722-load-bearing rod, 723-guide wheel, 724-upper frame, 725-lower frame, 73-electric push rod, 8-fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "front and back, up and down, left and right" mentioned in the text are merely simplified expressions for intuitively describing positional relationships based on the accompanying drawings, and are not limitations on the technical solution.

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the detailed description below is illustrative and non-restrictive, and that the user may make various changes to the following parameters without departing from the mechanism and scope of the invention as set forth in the claims. To avoid obscuring the essence of the present invention, well-known methods and processes are not described in detail.

[0029] By the attached Figures 1 to 4As shown: A double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device, including an air inlet channel 1, a quenching chamber 2, a material basket 3, a conveying mechanism 4, a drainage chamber 5 and an air outlet channel 6, the quenching chamber 2 is provided with a first workstation 21 and a second workstation 22; the bottom area of ​​the first workstation 21 and the second workstation 22 are both larger than the bottom area of ​​the material basket 3, the height of the first workstation 21 and the second workstation 22 are both greater than twice the height of the material basket 3, and a lifting and splitting mechanism 7 is provided on both sides of the first workstation 21 and the second workstation 22; the lifting and splitting mechanism 7 includes a guide rod 71, a lifting part 72 and an electric push rod 73; the lifting part 72 is provided with an extension arm 721 and a load-bearing rod 722; the extension arm 721 extends perpendicular to the lifting part 72 into the quenching chamber 2, and there are two extension arms 721; the load-bearing rod 722 is fixed to one end of the two extension arms 721 away from the lifting part 72; and a lifting bracket 31 is provided on both sides of the material basket 3.

[0030] The lifting and splitting mechanism 7 can realize the lifting and lowering of the material basket 3 by any known method. In order to obtain a more stable lifting structure, the preferred solution is that the lifting part 72 is connected to the guide rod 71 through a guide wheel 723 for sliding cooperation. There are two guide rods 71. The lifting part 72 is a rectangular frame structure. The upper frame 724 of the lifting part 72 is fixed to the top of the electric push rod 73, and the lower frame 725 of the lifting part 72 is provided with an extension arm 721 and a load-bearing rod 722; the lifting bracket 31 of the material basket 3 is a groove structure, and the lifting bracket 31 of the material basket 3 is arranged at the lower part of both sides of the material basket 3.

[0031] The airflow path can be a conventional path for air-cooling quenching. To achieve a more excellent air-cooling quenching effect, a preferred solution is that the air inlet channel 1 is connected to the upper end of the quenching chamber 2; the lower end of the quenching chamber 2 is connected to the drainage chamber 5, and the quenching chamber 2 is provided with a feed door 23 and a discharge door 24; the drainage chamber 5 is provided with a first curved guide plate 51 and a second curved guide plate 52, and the drainage chamber 5 is connected to the air outlet channel 6, and a conveying mechanism 4 is provided on the upper surface of the drainage chamber 5; a fan 8 is provided in both the air outlet channel 6 and the air inlet channel 1. The layout of the top fan should be designed for high production capacity of large material baskets, which can meet the needs of simultaneous air-cooling quenching production of a large number of workpieces; the provision of curved guide plates reduces the wind resistance of the system, and the wind speed flowing across the workpiece surface during quenching is high, resulting in a good quenching effect.

[0032] Furthermore, both the feed gate 23 and the discharge gate 24 are connected to a direct-connected cylinder 25 .

[0033] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism 4 is composed of conveying rollers arranged at intervals. The conveying rollers are driven by a speed-reducing variable frequency motor through a chain or other means. The variable frequency motor has two operating frequencies: high speed and low speed. When the basket 3 enters the quenching chamber quickly, the drive motor operates at high speed; the rest of the time, it operates at low speed to ensure smooth basket transportation.

[0034] In order to make the space inside the quenching chamber 2 more compact and to accelerate the circulation of air, the preferred solution is that the quenching chamber 2 is provided with an inner partition 26; the lifting and splitting mechanism 7 is arranged between the inner partition 26 and the outer wall of the quenching chamber 2; the inner partition 26 is provided with a slot for the extension arm 721 to lift and slide; the extension arm 721 extends into the quenching chamber 2 through the slot.

[0035] The quenching method using the above-mentioned double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: prepare two material baskets 3, stack the two material baskets 3, and send them into the first station 21 of the quenching chamber 2 by the conveying mechanism;

[0037] Step 2: The load-bearing rod 722 of the lifting and splitting mechanism 7 of the first station 21 presses against the lifting brackets 31 on both sides of the upper fabric basket to lift the fabric basket away from the lower fabric basket and close to the air inlet channel 1;

[0038] Step 3: Start the conveying mechanism 4 to convey the lower material basket to the second station 22. The load-bearing rods 722 of the lifting and splitting mechanism 7 of the second station 22 support the lifting brackets 31 on both sides of the basket to lift the basket so that it is close to the air inlet channel 1 and is air-cooled and quenched together with the basket above the first station 21.

[0039] Step 4. After the air-cooling quenching is completed, the lifting and splitting mechanism 7 of the first station 21 is lowered, and the material basket is placed on the conveying mechanism 4, which is then sent to the second station 22. The lifting and splitting mechanism 7 of the second station 22 is lowered, and the material basket is stacked again, and then sent out of the quenching chamber 2 by the conveying mechanism 4.

[0040] Preferably, before the material basket 3 in step 1 is sent into the quenching chamber 2, the fans 8 of the air outlet channel 6 and the air inlet channel 1 are started in advance, and the air volume reaches the maximum.

[0041] Preferably, the conveying mechanism 4 is driven by a variable frequency conveying motor.

[0042] During the specific operation, before the material basket 3 enters the air-cooled quenching chamber 2, all fans 8 are started in advance. Before the material basket 3 is transferred, the fan 8 reaches the set speed and the air volume reaches the maximum, thereby ensuring that the wind speed in the quenching chamber 2 reaches the highest; before the material basket 3 enters the quenching chamber 2, the electric push rods 73 of the two stations push the load-bearing rods 722 to the predetermined position, preparing for the splitting of the material basket 3; under the premise that the discharge door 24 is closed, the feed door 23 is opened, and the frequency conversion conveying motor is switched to the high-frequency and high-speed state, driving the conveying roller to quickly transfer the two stacked material baskets 3 to the first station 21 of the quenching chamber 2; the stacked material baskets leave the interference area of ​​the feed door 23 and arrive at the first station 21 The material basket 3 is moved to the designated position of the material basket 3; the material feeding door 23 is quickly closed; the electric push rod 73 of the first station 21 drives the load-bearing rod 722 to support the lower edge of the lifting bracket 31 of the upper material basket 3, and the upper material basket 3 is lifted; after the upper and lower material baskets are completely separated, the lower material basket 3 is transported to the second station 22 by the conveying roller under the high frequency and high speed state of the frequency conversion conveying motor; the material basket 3 rises to the upper part of the second station 22 under the joint action of the electric push rod 73 and the load-bearing rod 722 of the second station 22, and reaches a position flush with the material basket 3 of the first station 21, both close to the air outlet of the air inlet channel 1, and the two baskets of workpieces remain at this height position until the entire air-cooling quenching process is completed;

[0043] When the quenching time reaches the set value, the supply and exhaust fans of the two stations gradually reduce their speed until they stop completely; after quenching is completed, the material basket 3 on the upper part of the second station 22 remains stationary, and the electric push rod 73 of the first station 21 lowers the load-bearing rod 722, and then the material basket 3 is lowered onto the conveying roller, and then the variable frequency conveying motor drives the conveying roller at a low frequency and slow speed to convey the material basket 3 to the position at the lower part of the second station 22, and the photoelectric and positioning devices are used to ensure that the material basket 3 is directly below the material basket 3 lifted by the second station 22; then the lifting and splitting mechanism 7 of the second station 22 puts down the upper material basket 3 and superimposes it on the lower material basket 3, thus successfully completing the superposition of the double-layer material baskets; the discharge door 24 is opened, and the superimposed material basket is transported as a whole to the outside of the air-cooled quenching chamber 2 by the variable frequency conveying motor-driven conveying roller; the entire air-cooled quenching process and superimposed conveying process are completed.

[0044] The present invention allows cooling air to be blown into the air-cooled quenching chamber 2 from above, which is beneficial to the fixation and stability of light and thin workpieces, and will not cause the workpieces to deflect and fall due to excessive wind speed; at the same time, the layout of the double fans on the top can cope with the high-capacity design of large material baskets, and can meet the simultaneous air-cooled quenching production of a large number of workpieces; the double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device completes the splitting and stacking of the double-layer material baskets during the quenching process, so the material baskets are still in a double-layer stacking state when leaving the quenching device, eliminating subsequent stacking devices and processes, reducing the number of equipment and floor space of the heat treatment line, and making the entire heat treatment line compact and efficient.

[0045] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device, comprising an air inlet channel (1), a quenching chamber (2), a material basket (3), a conveying mechanism (4), a drainage chamber (5) and an air outlet channel (6), characterized in that: A first station (21) and a second station (22) are provided in the quenching chamber (2); the bottom areas of the first station (21) and the second station (22) are both larger than the bottom area of ​​the basket (3); the heights of the first station (21) and the second station (22) are both larger than twice the height of the basket (3); a lifting and splitting mechanism (7) is provided on both sides of the first station (21) and the second station (22); the lifting and splitting mechanism (7) comprises a guide rod (71), a lifting part (72) and an electric push rod (73); the lifting part (72) is provided with an extension arm (721) and a load-bearing rod (722); the extension arm (721) extends perpendicularly to the lifting part (72) into the quenching chamber (2), and there are two extension arms (721); the load-bearing rod (722) is fixed to one end of the two extension arms (721) away from the lifting part (72); and lifting brackets (31) are provided on both sides of the basket (3); The lifting part (72) is connected to the guide rod (71) by sliding fit via a guide wheel (723); the lifting part (72) is a rectangular frame structure; the upper frame (724) of the lifting part (72) is fixed to the top of the electric push rod (73); the lower frame (725) of the lifting part (72) is provided with an extension arm (721) and a load-bearing rod (722); the lifting bracket (31) of the material basket (3) is a groove structure; the lifting bracket (31) of the material basket (3) is provided at the lower part of both sides of the material basket (3); The quenching chamber (2) is provided with an inner partition (26); the lifting and splitting mechanism (7) is provided between the inner partition (26) and the outer wall of the quenching chamber (2); a slot for the extension arm (721) to lift and slide is provided on the inner partition (26); the extension arm (721) extends into the quenching chamber (2) through the slot.

2. The double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet channel (1) is connected to the upper end of the quenching chamber (2); the lower end of the quenching chamber (2) is connected to the drainage chamber (5), and the quenching chamber (2) is provided with a feed door (23) and a discharge door (24); a first arc-shaped guide plate (51) and a second arc-shaped guide plate (52) are provided in the drainage chamber (5), the drainage chamber (5) is connected to the air outlet channel (6), and a conveying mechanism (4) is provided on the upper surface of the drainage chamber (5); a fan (8) is provided in both the air outlet channel (6) and the air inlet channel (1).

3. The double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed door (23) and the discharge door (24) are both connected to a direct-connected cylinder (25).

4. The double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (4) is conveying rollers arranged at intervals.

5. A quenching method using the double-layer high-efficiency air-cooled quenching device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: prepare two material baskets (3), stack the two material baskets, and send them to the first station (21) of the quenching chamber (2) by the conveying mechanism (4); Step 2: The load-bearing rod (722) of the lifting and splitting mechanism (7) of the first station (21) presses against the lifting brackets (31) on both sides of the upper fabric basket (3) to lift the fabric basket (3) away from the lower fabric basket (3) and close to the air inlet channel (1); Step 3: Start the conveying mechanism (4) to convey the lower material basket (3) to the second station (22), and the load-bearing rod (722) of the lifting and splitting mechanism (7) of the second station (22) supports the lifting brackets (31) on both sides of the material basket (3) to lift the material basket (3) so that it is close to the air inlet channel (1) and is air-cooled and quenched together with the material basket (3) at the upper part of the first station (21); Step 4: After the air-cooling quenching is completed, the lifting and splitting mechanism (7) of the first station (21) is lowered, and the material basket (3) is placed on the conveying mechanism (4), and is sent to the second station (22) by the conveying mechanism (4). The lifting and splitting mechanism (7) of the second station (22) is lowered, and the material baskets are stacked again, and then sent out of the quenching chamber (2) by the conveying mechanism (4).

6. A quenching method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before the material basket (3) in step 1 is sent into the quenching chamber (2), the fans (8) of the air outlet channel (6) and the air inlet channel (1) are started in advance, and the air volume reaches a maximum.

7. A quenching method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (4) is driven by a variable frequency conveying motor.

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