A construction device and method for tunnel layer joint rock mass blasting

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of tunnel layered joint rock mass blasting construction device and construction method, specifically related to rock mass blasting field, including support mechanism, the bottom of support mechanism is fixedly installed with multiple line drawing mechanism for marking positioning track line, one side of line drawing mechanism is equipped with the marking mechanism for quickly positioning drilling point position, the both sides of support mechanism are equipped with the measuring mechanism for judging whether multiple blast hole point direction is deviated, support mechanism includes handle, handle is hollow, the bottom of handle is fixedly installed with adapter seat, the outer wall of adapter seat is hinged with support seat, the inner chamber of handle is inserted with first inserting rod. By pulling the piston rod in the inner chamber of hollow cylinder, the gas in the inner chamber of hollow box is extracted, the first air bag strip and the second air bag strip are driven to shrink, so that the support plate is deviated by tension and supported on the rock mass surface in hexagonal state, then rotate the whole to mark the position of positioning screw on the rock mass, which is very convenient for actual use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock blasting technology, and more specifically, to a construction device and method for blasting layered jointed rock masses in tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] The rock mass has a layered structure, mainly consisting of multi-rhythmic thin and medium-thick layered sedimentary rocks and parametamorphic rocks; the main structural shapes are layered, platy, and lenticular; it has bedding, foliation, and joints, and often has interlayer slippage, making it a nearly homogeneous anisotropic body. Its deformation and strength characteristics are controlled by the bedding planes and rock strata combination, and it can be regarded as an elastoplastic body with poor stability. Possible geotechnical engineering problems include the possibility of unstable structures collapsing, especially the bending and tension failure of rock strata and the plastic deformation of weak rock strata.

[0003] When blasting layered jointed rock masses in tunnels, it is first necessary to calculate the required number, angle, and spacing of blasting holes based on the size of the blasting surface. However, the traditional method of locating multiple blasting holes often relies on the operator's practical experience to visually determine the location, which is prone to deviation and affects the blasting effect. Therefore, this invention relates to a construction device and method for blasting layered jointed rock masses in tunnels to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a construction device and method for blasting layered jointed rock masses in tunnels. By pulling the piston rod inside the hollow cylinder, the gas inside the hollow box is extracted, causing the first and second airbag strips to contract. This causes the support plate to be subjected to tensile force and deflected into a hexagonal shape to support the rock mass surface, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a construction device for blasting layered jointed rock mass in tunnels, comprising a support mechanism, wherein multiple marking mechanisms for marking positioning trajectory lines are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support mechanism, a marking mechanism for quickly locating borehole points is provided on one side of the marking mechanism, and measuring mechanisms for determining whether the orientation of multiple blasting points has deviated are provided on both sides of the support mechanism. The support mechanism includes a handle, which is hollow in shape, and a connecting seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the handle. A support seat is hinged to the outer wall of the connecting seat. A first insert rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the handle, and a second insert rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the support seat for hinged connection with the first insert rod. Two symmetrically arranged strip-shaped grooves are opened on the outer wall of the first insert rod. A limiting slider for connecting with the first insert rod is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the strip-shaped grooves on the first insert rod. A sleeve for fitting onto the outer wall of the limiting slider is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the handle, and a spring for connecting with the first insert rod is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the handle.

[0006] The line-drawing mechanism at least includes two connecting rods, and the two connecting rods are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support base. One end of each connecting rod is fixedly installed with a spherical slider. The connecting rod has a bent portion in a "C" shape, and a roller is provided inside the "C"-shaped bent portion provided on the connecting rod. A chute for connecting with the spherical slider is opened at the bottom of the roller. The spherical slider is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the chute, and a supporting bracket is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the spherical slider;

[0007] The marking mechanism includes a support plate. The number of the support plates is at least twelve. Every two of the support plates are set as a group, and the two support plates in each group are hinged to each other. A first airbag strip is fixedly installed on one side of the two mutually hinged support plates in each group. A second airbag strip is communicated at the central position of the first airbag strip. One end of the second airbag strip is communicated with a hollow box. A rotating shaft for connecting with the supporting bracket is rotatably connected at the horizontal central position of the hollow box. A hollow cylinder in a hollow shape is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow box, and a piston rod for connecting with the second insertion rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder. A positioning screw rod on the same vertical line as the piston rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow box, and the positioning screw rod penetrates through the support plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the roller is in a hollow shape. The inner cavity of the roller is filled with erasable ink. A plurality of leakage grooves are opened on the outer wall of the roller, and steel balls for preventing the ink in the inner cavity of the roller from leaking out are rotatably connected in the inner cavities of the plurality of leakage grooves opened on the roller.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a bonding fiber sleeve for adsorbing the erasable ink in the inner cavity of the roller is coated on the outer wall of the steel ball.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the rollers and the connecting rods are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the support plates are arranged on the vertical center line of the two connecting rods.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the rotation angle range between every two mutually hinged support plates is set between 160 degrees and 180 degrees.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring mechanism includes a first balance frame. The first balance frame is fixedly installed on one side of the support base. A second balance frame is hinged on one side of the first balance frame. A positioning plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the second balance frame. A turntable is rotatably connected on one side of the positioning plate. A plurality of positioning scales for measuring the angles between multiple blast holes are fixedly installed on the turntable.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of positioning scales are arranged in a ring at equal intervals around the outer circumference of the turntable, and a plurality of positioning holes for measuring the distance between multiple blast holes are linearly and equidistantly provided on the positioning scales.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a method for blasting layered jointed rock mass in a tunnel includes the following steps:

[0015] S1; By bending the connecting seat hinged to the support base and moving the roller against the track line on the rock surface, the handle is pushed to make the roller rotate and move along the track line.

[0016] S2: When the roller contacts the rock surface, the steel ball rotates on the roller. The adhesive fiber sleeve on the surface of the steel ball absorbs the erasable ink in the inner cavity of the roller during the rotation and draws a movement trajectory line on the rock surface during the movement. Based on whether it coincides with the trajectory line on the design drawing, it can be determined whether there is a deviation in the drilling position.

[0017] S3: When the drawn trajectory line reaches the burst point, straighten the handle so that the first and second insert rods are vertical. Then, by sliding the sleeve on the outer wall of the handle upward, the first and second insert rods drive the piston rod to move in the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder, causing the gas in the hollow box to be extracted. Combined with the gas being extracted from the first and second airbag strips, a pulling force is generated, causing the hinged support plates to be displayed at 180 degrees, so that multiple support plates are combined into a hexagonal state to support the bottom of the handle.

[0018] S4: By pressing down on the multiple support plates in a hexagonal shape, the positioning screw passes through the support plates and contacts the ground. Finally, by rotating the handle, the whole thing is rotated, so that the positioning screw leaves a mark on the rock mass. Repeat this process after the blast hole location to carry out subsequent positioning marking.

[0019] S5: Using the hole positioning marks made in S4, align the center point of the turntable with the positioning marks, and determine whether there are any deviations in the angles and distances between the multiple positioning marks based on the angles between the multiple positioning rulers and the distances between the positioning holes.

[0020] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention features multiple hinged support plates. Under normal circumstances, the auxiliary rollers roll on the rock surface. When fixed-point marking is required, the piston rod inside the hollow cylinder is pulled out, causing the gas inside the hollow box to be extracted, which in turn causes the first and second airbag strips to contract. This causes the hinged support plates to be subjected to tensile force and offset to support at 180 degrees, forming a hexagonal support on the rock surface. Finally, by rotating the whole assembly, the positioning screw extends out of the support plate and fits against the rock surface for fixed-point marking. This process can be repeated to perform multiple positioning markings simultaneously, which is very convenient for practical use.

[0022] 2. This invention attaches the center point of the turntable to the positioning mark, and judges whether there is a deviation in the angle and distance between the multiple positioning marks based on the angle between the multiple positioning rulers and the distance between the positioning holes, thereby avoiding the deviation in drilling position caused by the inaccuracy of traditional visual inspection methods. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the support mechanism and the marking mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure of part A.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure of part B.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the marking mechanism when the present invention is used at a fixed point.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the identification mechanism under normal conditions according to the present invention.

[0030] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1 Support mechanism, 101 Handle, 102 First insert rod, 103 Second insert rod, 104 Limiting slider, 105 Sleeve, 106 Spring, 107 Connecting seat, 108 Support seat, 2 Marking mechanism, 21 Connecting rod, 22 Spherical slider, 23 Roller, 24 Slide groove, 25 Steel ball, 26 Support bracket, 3 Marking mechanism, 31 Support plate, 32 First airbag strip, 33 Second airbag strip, 34 Hollow box, 35 Positioning screw, 36 Hollow cylinder, 37 Piston rod, 4 Measuring mechanism, 41 First balance frame, 42 Second balance frame, 43 Positioning plate, 44 Turntable, 45 Positioning scale, 46 Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1-7 An embodiment of the present invention provides a construction device for blasting layered jointed rock masses in tunnels, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a support mechanism 1. Multiple marking mechanisms 2 for marking positioning trajectory lines are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support mechanism 1. One side of the marking mechanism 2 is equipped with a marking mechanism 3 for quickly locating drilling points. Both sides of the support mechanism 1 are equipped with measuring mechanisms 4 for determining whether the orientation of multiple blasting points has shifted. The support mechanism 1 includes a handle 101, which is hollow. A connecting seat 107 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the handle 101. A support seat 108 is hinged to the outer wall of the connecting seat 107, allowing the handle 101 to be adjusted on the support seat 108. The rotation angle between the connecting seat 107 and the support seat 108 is set to ninety degrees. Under normal circumstances, the handle 101 is vertically positioned inside the support seat 108. When needed, the handle 101 drives the connecting seat 107 to deflect onto the support seat 108, facilitating the movement of the marking mechanism 2.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 As shown, a first insert rod 102 is inserted into the inner cavity of the grip 101, and a second insert rod 103 for hinged connection with the first insert rod 102 is inserted into the inner cavity of the support base 108. Two symmetrically arranged strip-shaped grooves are formed on the outer wall of the first insert rod 102. A limiting slider 104 for connection with the first insert rod 102 is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the strip-shaped grooves on the first insert rod 102. A sleeve 105 for fitting onto the outer wall of the limiting slider 104 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the limiting slider 104. The inner cavity of the grip 101... A spring 106 is fixedly installed for connection with the first insertion rod 102. In use, by sliding the sleeve 105 on the outer wall of the handle 101, the first insertion rod 102 can be moved up and down in the inner cavity of the handle 101 by the limiting slider 104 sliding in the inner cavity of the strip-shaped groove. When the first insertion rod 102 moves downward, the spring 106 is in a downward expanding state. When the sleeve 105 is released, the elastic restoring force of the spring 106 rebounds to the contracted state, thereby driving the first insertion rod 102 to move upward and return to its original position.

[0034] like Figure 5As shown, for the convenience of drawing a trajectory line on the rock mass surface, the line-drawing mechanism 2 at least includes two connecting rods 21. The connecting rods 21 are arranged in a circular ring shape, and the two connecting rods 21 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support base 108. A spherical slider 22 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 21. The connecting rod 21 is provided with a bent portion in the shape of a "匚", and a roller 23 is arranged inside the bent portion in the shape of a "匚" provided on the connecting rod 21. By providing the bent portion in the shape of a "匚", it plays a role in limiting the roller 23 to prevent the roller 23 from deviating during movement. A chute 24 for connecting with the spherical slider 22 is opened at the bottom of the roller 23. The spherical slider 22 is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the chute 24. A support bracket 26 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the spherical slider 22. Among them, the roller 23 is arranged in a hollow shape, the inner cavity of the roller 23 is filled with erasable ink, and a plurality of leakage grooves are opened on the outer wall of the roller 23. A steel ball 25 for preventing the ink in the inner cavity of the roller 23 from leaking out is rotatably connected in the inner cavities of the plurality of leakage grooves opened on the roller 23. A bonded fiber sleeve for adsorbing the erasable ink in the inner cavity of the roller 23 is coated on the outer wall of the steel ball 25. When the roller 23 rolls on the rock mass surface, the steel ball 25 on the roller 23 rotates in the inner cavity of the roller 23 while contacting the ground and is fused and adsorbed with the erasable ink in its inner cavity, so that when contacting the rock mass surface, a moving line is drawn, and thus by comparing the drawn trajectory line with the trajectory line on the design drawing, it can be judged whether there is a deviation in the trajectory position where the fixed-point punching mark will be made soon.

[0035] Referring to Figure 7 As shown, the marking mechanism 3 includes a support plate 31. The number of support plates 31 is at least set to twelve. Among them, two adjacent support plates 31 are set as a group, and the two support plates 31 in each group are arranged in a mutually hinged state. The rotation angle range between every two mutually hinged support plates 31 is set between 160 degrees and 180 degrees. Under normal conditions, the states of the multiple support plates 31 are as Figure 7 shown, the angle between every two support plates 31 is 160 degrees. Among them, a first airbag strip 32 is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two mutually hinged support plates 31 in each group. A second airbag strip 33 is communicated and provided at the center position of the first airbag strip 32. The first airbag strip 32 and the second airbag strip 33 are mutually communicated. One end of the second airbag strip 33 is communicated with a hollow box 34. An airbag is arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow box 34 and is communicated with the second airbag strip 33. When the airbag in the hollow box 34 is evacuated and shrunk, it can drive the gas in the inner cavities of the first airbag strip 32 and the second airbag strip 33 to be evacuated, so that the two mutually hinged support plates 31 are pulled by the pulling force towards the center point to deflect the support plates 31. The states of the deflected multiple support plates 31 are as Figure 6As shown, the angle between the two support plates 31 is 180 degrees, and the multiple support plates 31 form a hexagonal support between the two rollers 23.

[0036] Meanwhile, a rotating shaft for connecting to the support frame 26 is rotatably connected to the central axis of the hollow box 34. The rotating shaft connected to the support frame 26 makes the movement of the roller 23 more stable. A hollow cylinder 36 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow box 34, and a piston rod 37 for connecting to the second insertion rod 103 is inserted into the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder 36. A positioning screw 35 on the same vertical line as the piston rod 37 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow box 34. When multiple support plates 31 are arranged in a hexagonal state, the positioning screw 35 can pass through the support plate 31 and contact the rock surface. At this time, by pressing down the handle 101, the positioning screw 35 is fixed on the rock surface and rotated to make a fixed mark for subsequent drilling.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 As shown, due to the large number of drilling points and the strict control over distance, to avoid misjudging the orientation of drilling points under visual conditions and affecting the blasting effect, the measuring mechanism 4 includes a first balancing frame 41, which is fixedly installed on one side of the support base 108. A second balancing frame 42 is hinged to one side of the first balancing frame 41. A positioning plate 43 is sleeved on the outer wall of the second balancing frame 42. A turntable 44 is rotatably connected to one side of the positioning plate 43. Multiple measuring devices for measuring the angle between multiple blasting holes are fixedly installed on the turntable 44. Positioning scales 45 are arranged in a ring around the outer circumference of the turntable 44 at equal intervals. Multiple positioning holes 46 are linearly and equally spaced on the positioning scales 45 for measuring the distance between multiple blast holes. After marking the drilling points, the positioning plate 43 is removed from the second balance frame 42, and the center point of the turntable 44 is attached to the positioning mark. The angle between the multiple positioning scales 45 and the distance between the positioning holes 46 are used to determine whether there is a deviation in the angle and distance between the multiple positioning marks.

[0038] A method for blasting layered jointed rock masses in tunnels includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: By bending the connecting seat 107 hinged to the support seat 108, and moving the roller 23 against the track line on the rock surface, the handle 101 is pushed to make the roller 23 rotate and move on the track line.

[0040] S2: When the roller 23 is in contact with the rock surface, the steel ball 25 rotates on the roller 23. The adhesive fiber sleeve on the surface of the steel ball 25 absorbs the erasable ink in the inner cavity of the roller 23 during the rotation process, and draws a movement trajectory line on the rock surface during the movement. Based on whether it coincides with the trajectory line on the design drawing, it can be determined whether there is a deviation in the drilling position.

[0041] S3: When the blast hole point is reached according to the drawn trajectory line, straighten the handle 101 so that the first insertion rod 102 and the second insertion rod 103 remain vertical. Then, by sliding the sleeve 105 on the outer wall of the handle 101 upward, the first insertion rod 102 and the second insertion rod 103 drive the piston rod 37 to move in the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder 36, so that the gas in the inner cavity of the hollow box 34 is extracted. Combined with the gas being extracted from the first airbag strip 32 and the second airbag strip 33, a pulling force is generated, so that the hinged support plates 31 are displayed at 180 degrees, so that multiple support plates 31 are combined into a hexagonal state to support the bottom of the handle 101.

[0042] S4: By pressing down on the multiple hexagonal support plates 31, the positioning screw 35 passes through the support plates 31 and contacts the ground. Finally, by rotating the handle 101, the whole thing is rotated, so that the positioning screw 35 leaves a mark on the rock. Repeat this process. After the blast hole point, repeat step S1 to carry out subsequent positioning marking.

[0043] S5: By making the hole positioning marks in S4, attach the center point of the turntable 44 to the positioning mark, and judge whether there is any deviation in the angle and distance between the multiple positioning marks based on the angle between the multiple positioning rulers 45 and the distance between the positioning holes 46.

[0044] It should be noted that in actual use, the roller 23 is first pushed onto the rock surface by holding the handle 101, moving according to the trajectory line formed by the drawing. This causes the steel ball 25 on the roller 23 to rotate continuously, absorbing erasable ink and drawing a movement trajectory line on the ground. This allows it to determine whether the drilling location deviates from the blasting surface on the drawing. When the first drilling point is reached, the first insertion rod 102 and the second insertion rod 103 are kept vertical. Then, the sleeve 105 slides on the outer wall of the handle 101, bringing... The first insert rod 102 moves within the handle 101, thereby causing the piston rod 37 to move within the hollow cylinder 36, drawing air from the inner cavity of the second airbag strip 33. This causes the air in the inner cavities of the first and second airbag strips 32 to be drawn out and contract, thereby causing the two hinged support plates 31 to be supported at a 180-degree angle. This allows the multiple support plates 31 to form a hexagonal shape. Pressing down on the handle 101 causes the positioning screw 35 to be fixed to the rock surface and rotated, thus making a fixed mark. This process can be repeated.

[0045] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0046] Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0047] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction device for blasting layered jointed rock mass in tunnels, comprising a support mechanism (1), wherein a plurality of marking mechanisms (2) for marking positioning trajectory lines are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support mechanism (1), a marking mechanism (3) for quickly locating borehole points is provided on one side of the marking mechanism (2), and a measuring mechanism (4) for determining whether the orientation of the plurality of blasting points has deviated is provided on both sides of the support mechanism (1), characterized in that: The support mechanism (1) includes a grip (101). The grip (101) is provided in a hollow shape. A connection base (107) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the grip (101). A support base (108) is hinged to the outer wall of the connection base (107). A first plug rod (102) is inserted into the inner cavity of the grip (101). A second plug rod (103) for hinging with the first plug rod (102) is inserted into the inner cavity of the support base (108). Two symmetrically arranged strip-shaped chutes are formed on the outer wall of the first plug rod (102). A limit-type slider (104) for connecting with the first plug rod (102) is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the strip-shaped chute formed on the first plug rod (102). A sleeve (105) for sleeving on the outer wall of the grip (101) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the limit-type slider (104). A spring (106) for connecting with the first plug rod (102) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the grip (101). The marking mechanism (2) at least includes two connecting rods (21). The two connecting rods (21) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support base (108) in a symmetric state. A spherical slider (22) is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod (21). The connecting rod (21) has a "C"-shaped bending part. A roller (23) is provided inside the "C"-shaped bending part formed on the connecting rod (21). A chute (24) for connecting with the spherical slider (22) is formed at the bottom of the roller (23). The spherical slider (22) is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the chute (24). A bearing bracket (26) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the spherical slider (22). The marking mechanism (3) includes a support plate (31). The number of the support plates (31) is at least twelve. Every two of the support plates (31) are set as a group. The two support plates (31) in each group are hinged to each other. A first airbag strip (32) is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two hinged support plates (31) in each group. A second airbag strip (33) is communicated with the center position of the first airbag strip (32). A hollow box (34) is communicated with one end of the second airbag strip (33). A rotating shaft for connecting with the bearing bracket (26) is rotatably connected to the horizontal center position of the hollow box (34). A hollow cylinder (36) provided in a hollow shape is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow box (34). A piston rod (37) for connecting with the second plug rod (103) is inserted into the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder (36). A positioning screw rod (35) on the same vertical line as the piston rod (37) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow box (34). The positioning screw rod (35) penetrates through the support plate (31).

2. The construction device for blasting layered jointed rock mass in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller (23) is hollow and its inner cavity is filled with erasable ink. Multiple slots are provided on the outer wall of the roller (23), and steel balls (25) are rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the multiple slots on the roller (23) to prevent ink from leaking out of the inner cavity of the roller (23).

3. The construction device for blasting layered jointed rock mass in tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the steel ball (25) is covered with an adhesive fiber sleeve for adsorbing erasable ink in the inner cavity of the roller (23).

4. The construction device for blasting layered jointed rock mass in tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rollers (23) and connecting rods (21) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the support plate (31) is arranged on the vertical center line of the two connecting rods (21).

5. The construction device for blasting layered jointed rock mass in tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The range of rotation angle between each pair of hinged support plates (31) is set between 160 and 180 degrees.

6. The construction device for blasting layered jointed rock mass in tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The measuring mechanism (4) includes a first balancing frame (41), which is fixedly installed on one side of the support base (108). A second balancing frame (42) is hinged to one side of the first balancing frame (41). A positioning plate (43) is sleeved on the outer wall of the second balancing frame (42). A turntable (44) is rotatably connected to one side of the positioning plate (43). Multiple positioning scales (45) for measuring the angle between multiple blast holes are fixedly installed on the turntable (44).

7. The construction device for blasting layered jointed rock mass in tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple positioning scales (45) are arranged in a ring at equal intervals around the outer circumference of the turntable (44), and multiple positioning holes (46) for measuring the distance between multiple blast holes are opened linearly at equal intervals on the positioning scales (45).

8. A construction method for blasting layered jointed rock mass in a tunnel, comprising using the blasting device for layered jointed rock mass in a tunnel as described in claim 7 for positioning and construction, characterized in that... The specific construction method is as follows: S1: By bending the connecting seat (107) hinged on the support seat (108) and moving the roller (23) against the track line on the rock surface, push the handle (101) to make the roller (23) rotate and move on the track line; S2: When the roller (23) comes into contact with the rock surface, the steel ball (25) rotates on the roller (23). The adhesive fiber sleeve on the surface of the steel ball (25) adsorbs the erasable ink in the inner cavity of the roller (23) during the rotation and draws a movement trajectory line on the rock surface during the movement. S3: When the blast hole point is reached according to the drawn trajectory line, straighten the handle (101) so that the first rod (102) and the second rod (103) remain vertical. Then, by sliding the sleeve (105) on the outer wall of the handle (101) upward, the first rod (102) and the second rod (103) drive the piston rod (37) to move in the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder (36), so that the gas in the inner cavity of the hollow box (34) is extracted. Combined with the gas being extracted from the first airbag strip (32) and the second airbag strip (33), a pulling force is generated, so that the hinged support plates (31) are displayed at 180 degrees, so that multiple support plates (31) are combined into a hexagonal state to support the bottom of the handle (101). S4: By pressing down on the multiple support plates (31) in a hexagonal shape, the positioning screw (35) passes through the support plate (31) and contacts the ground. Finally, by rotating the handle (101), the whole thing is rotated, so that the positioning screw (35) leaves a mark on the rock. Repeat this process. After the blast hole location, repeat step S1 to carry out subsequent positioning marking. S5: By making the hole positioning mark in S4, attach the center point of the turntable (44) to the positioning mark, and calculate the error based on the angle between multiple positioning rulers (45) and the distance between positioning holes (46).

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