Four-speed electric drive axle and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of electric drive axles, and in particular to a four-speed electric drive axle and a vehicle. The four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention comprises a pair of output half shafts, a differential, a first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, a second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, a first shift mechanism, a second shift mechanism, a third shift mechanism and a motor; wherein the pair of output half shafts are coaxially arranged, the differential is arranged between the pair of output half shafts, and the power output part of the differential is connected to the output half shafts. The four-speed electric drive axle and the vehicle provided by the present invention can realize four gears, and a large torque output can be achieved through a relatively small torque motor, which can effectively reduce the cost of the electric drive axle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric drive axles, and in particular to a four-speed electric drive axle and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The electric drive axle system, that is, the motor-driven axle system, includes a motor, a gear transmission device, a shift device and an output shaft arranged on the axle of the vehicle.

[0003] With the rapid development of electrification of medium and heavy commercial vehicles, matching electric drive axle systems has become the mainstream. In the related technology, due to the large wheel traction requirements of heavy commercial vehicles, the existing technology uses motors with larger torque to meet the large wheel traction requirements, which leads to higher motor costs.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of high cost of electric drive axles in the prior art has become an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a four-speed electric drive axle and a vehicle, which can realize four gears and can achieve high torque output through a relatively small torque motor, thereby effectively reducing the cost of the electric drive axle.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a four-speed electric drive axle, comprising a pair of output half shafts, a differential, a first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, a second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, a first shift mechanism, a second shift mechanism, a third shift mechanism and a motor; wherein the pair of output half shafts are coaxially arranged, the differential is arranged between the pair of output half shafts, and the power output part of the differential is connected to the output half shafts;

[0007] The first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism comprises: a first intermediate shaft and a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear arranged on the first intermediate shaft; the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism comprises: a second intermediate shaft and a fifth gear, a sixth gear and a seventh gear arranged on the second intermediate shaft;

[0008] The pair of output half shafts are sleeved with an eighth gear, a ninth gear, a first intermediate shaft, a tenth gear, a second intermediate shaft, an eleventh gear, a twelfth gear, a thirteenth gear and a fourteenth gear, wherein the eleventh gear is connected to the second intermediate shaft, the eighth gear is meshed with the first gear, the ninth gear is meshed with the seventh gear, the tenth gear is connected to the power input portion of the differential and is meshed with the sixth gear, the eleventh gear is meshed with the fifth gear, the twelfth gear is meshed with the second gear, the thirteenth gear is meshed with the third gear, and the fourteenth gear is meshed with the fourth gear;

[0009] The motor is drivingly connected to the first rotating shaft;

[0010] The first shift mechanism can be switched between a first position, a second position and a third position. In the first position, the first intermediate shaft is coupled to the eighth gear. In the second position, the first intermediate shaft is coupled to the ninth gear. In the third position, the first intermediate shaft, the eighth gear and the ninth gear are disengaged from each other.

[0011] The second shift mechanism can be switched between a fourth position and a fifth position, wherein the twelfth gear is coupled to the second intermediate shaft in the fourth position, and the twelfth gear is disengaged from the second intermediate shaft in the fifth position;

[0012] The third shift mechanism can switch between a sixth position, a seventh position and an eighth position. In the sixth position, the thirteenth gear is coupled to the second intermediate shaft. In the seventh position, the fourteenth gear is coupled to the second intermediate shaft. In the eighth position, the thirteenth gear, the fourteenth gear and the second intermediate shaft are disengaged from each other.

[0013] According to the four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention, the first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism is provided in a pair and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the pair of output half shafts.

[0014] According to the four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention, the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism is provided in a pair and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the pair of output half shafts.

[0015] According to the four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention, the motor is coaxially arranged with the output half shaft, and the first intermediate shaft is the power output shaft of the motor.

[0016] According to the four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention, the motor is offset to one side of the output half shaft, and the power output shaft of the motor is connected to the first intermediate shaft through gear transmission.

[0017] According to the four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention, the motors are arranged as a pair and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the output half shaft, and the pair of motors are connected to the first intermediate shaft through gear transmission.

[0018] According to the four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention, the first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism and the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism are respectively arranged on both sides of the pair of output half shafts.

[0019] According to the four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention, the second intermediate shaft is configured as a hollow shaft, and the second intermediate shaft is hollowly sleeved on the first intermediate shaft.

[0020] According to the four-speed electric drive axle provided by the present invention, the pair of output half-shafts are respectively a first output half-shaft and a second output half-shaft, the first intermediate shaft and the ninth gear are loosely mounted on the first output half-shaft, the eighth gear is loosely mounted on the first intermediate shaft, the tenth gear, the second intermediate shaft and the fourteenth gear are loosely mounted on the second output half-shaft, the eleventh gear is connected to the second intermediate shaft, and the twelfth gear and the thirteenth gear are loosely mounted on the second intermediate shaft.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, provided with an axle, wherein the axle is configured as a four-speed electric drive axle as described in any one of the above items.

[0022] Through the technical solution provided by the present invention, the electric drive axle can realize a four-speed transmission mode, and thus can realize high-speed and high-torque transmission. The power transmission routes of the four-speed transmission mode are as follows:

[0023] First gear (the first shift mechanism is in the first position, the second shift mechanism is in the fifth position, and the third shift mechanism is in the seventh position): motor → first intermediate shaft → first shift mechanism → eighth gear → first gear → first intermediate shaft → fourth gear → fourteenth gear → third shift mechanism → second intermediate shaft → eleventh gear → fifth gear → second intermediate shaft → sixth gear → tenth gear → differential → output half shaft;

[0024] Second gear (the first shift mechanism is in the first position, the second shift mechanism is in the fifth position, and the third shift mechanism is in the sixth position): motor → first intermediate shaft → first shift mechanism → eighth gear → first gear → first intermediate shaft → third gear → thirteenth gear → third shift mechanism → second intermediate shaft → eleventh gear → fifth gear → second intermediate shaft → sixth gear → tenth gear → differential → output half shaft;

[0025] The third gear (the first shift mechanism is in the first position, the second shift mechanism is in the fourth position, and the third shift mechanism is in the eighth position): motor → first intermediate shaft → first shift mechanism → eighth gear → first gear → first intermediate shaft → second gear → twelfth gear → second shift mechanism → second intermediate shaft → eleventh gear → fifth gear → second intermediate shaft → sixth gear → tenth gear → differential → output half shaft;

[0026] Fourth gear (the first shift mechanism is in the second position, the second shift mechanism is in the fifth position, and the third shift mechanism is in the eighth position): motor → first intermediate shaft → first shift mechanism → ninth gear → seventh gear → second intermediate shaft → sixth gear → tenth gear → differential → output half shaft;

[0027] Among them, the fourth gear provides the shortest mechanical transmission path, has high mechanical efficiency, and is suitable for low-load driving in the full speed range. The technical solution provided by the present invention can realize multi-gear switching of the electric drive bridge, can realize power output from low-speed high torque to full-speed low torque, and then can also realize high torque output through a motor with relatively small torque. Compared with the use of high-torque motors in the prior art, it can effectively reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a single-motor four-speed electric drive bridge in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a dual-motor four-speed electric drive bridge in a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a single-motor four-speed electric drive bridge in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a dual-motor four-speed electric drive bridge in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a single-motor four-speed electric drive bridge in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a dual-motor four-speed electric drive bridge in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a single-motor four-speed electric drive bridge in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a dual-motor four-speed electric drive bridge in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 10a: output shaft of motor MG; 11a: fifteenth gear; 11b: sixteenth gear; 11: eighth gear; 12: ninth gear; 20: first intermediate shaft; 21: first gear; 22: second gear; 23: third gear; 24: fourth gear; 30: second intermediate shaft; 31: seventh gear; 32: sixth gear; 33: fifth gear; 10: first intermediate shaft; 40: second intermediate shaft; K1: first shift mechanism; 52: differential; 51: tenth gear; 41: eleventh gear; K2: second shift mechanism; 42: twelfth gear; 43: thirteenth gear; K3: third shift mechanism; 44: fourteenth gear; 50: output half shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be understood that the electric drive axle is an electric drive device that integrates the motor, gear transmission system, and shift mechanism on the vehicle axle. It is different from the power structure of gasoline vehicles and hybrid vehicles in the prior art. The power structure of the electric drive axle is integrated with the vehicle axle, which has higher transmission efficiency. In addition, the layout of the electric drive axle has a high degree of integration, which can effectively save space and facilitate the layout of the vehicle power battery.

[0041] In the prior art, the motor of the electric drive axle is coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the axle, and the gear transmission system for transmission between the motor and the output shaft of the axle is mostly distributed on the same side of the axle housing.

[0042] In addition, the electric drive axle in the prior art is usually set to only two gears, and the torque output range is relatively narrow. In order to meet the high torque requirements of medium and heavy commercial vehicles, the electric drive axle in the prior art is equipped with a high torque motor, and a planetary gear reduction mechanism is usually set on the wheel side. The output shaft of the electric drive axle drives the wheel through the planetary gear reduction mechanism, which can further improve the torque output. However, the cost of the high torque motor is relatively high, and the setting of the wheel side planetary gear reduction mechanism increases the complexity of the transmission mechanism. The planetary gear reduction mechanism is complex, heavy, and expensive.

[0043] Combine the following Figures 1 to 8 A four-speed electric drive axle and a vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0044] The four-speed electric drive axle provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a pair of output half shafts 50, a differential 52, a first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, a second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, a first shift mechanism K1, a second shift mechanism K2, a third shift mechanism K3 and a motor MG.

[0045] A pair of output half shafts 50, a differential 52, a first countershaft transmission mechanism, a second countershaft transmission mechanism, a first shift mechanism K1, a second shift mechanism K2, and a third shift mechanism K3 are all integrated inside the axle housing.

[0046] The electric drive axle provided in this embodiment can realize a four-speed transmission mode through the arrangement of the first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism and the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, meeting various operating conditions from low speed and high torque output to high speed and low torque output.

[0047] In order to realize the four-gear transmission mode, the first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism includes: a first intermediate shaft 20 and a first gear 21 , a second gear 22 , a third gear 23 and a fourth gear 24 arranged on the first intermediate shaft 20 .

[0048] The second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism includes: a second intermediate shaft 30 , and a fifth gear 33 , a sixth gear 32 , and a seventh gear 31 disposed on the second intermediate shaft 30 .

[0049] An eighth gear 11, a ninth gear 12, a first intermediate shaft 10, a tenth gear 51, a second intermediate shaft 40, an eleventh gear 41, a twelfth gear 42, a thirteenth gear 43 and a fourteenth gear 44 are mounted on a pair of output half shafts 50, wherein the eleventh gear 41 is connected to the second intermediate shaft 40, the eighth gear 11 is meshed with the first gear 21, the ninth gear 12 is meshed with the seventh gear 31, the tenth gear 51 is connected to the power input part of the differential and is meshed with the sixth gear 32, the eleventh gear 41 is meshed with the fifth gear 33, the twelfth gear 42 is meshed with the second gear 22, the thirteenth gear 43 is meshed with the third gear 23, and the fourteenth gear 44 is meshed with the fourth gear 24.

[0050] The motor is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft 10 , that is, the motor MG is used to drive the first rotating shaft 10 to rotate. In some embodiments, the motor can be directly connected to the first rotating shaft 10 or can be connected via a gear transmission mechanism.

[0051] The first shift mechanism K1 can be switched between a first position, a second position and a third position. In the first position, the first intermediate shaft 10 is coupled to the eighth gear 11. In the second position, the first intermediate shaft 10 is coupled to the ninth gear 12. In the third position, the first intermediate shaft 10, the eighth gear 11 and the ninth gear 12 are disconnected from each other.

[0052] The second shift mechanism K2 can be switched between a fourth position and a fifth position. In the fourth position, the twelfth gear 42 is coupled to the second intermediate shaft 40. In the fifth position, the twelfth gear 42 is disconnected from the second intermediate shaft 40.

[0053] The third shift mechanism K3 can switch between a sixth position, a seventh position and an eighth position. In the sixth position, the thirteenth gear 43 is coupled to the second intermediate shaft 40. In the seventh position, the fourteenth gear 44 is coupled to the second intermediate shaft 40. In the eighth position, the thirteenth gear 43, the fourteenth gear 44 and the second intermediate shaft 40 are disengaged from each other.

[0054] Through the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the electric drive axle can realize a four-speed transmission mode, and thus can realize high-speed and high-torque transmission. The power transmission routes of the four-speed transmission mode are as follows:

[0055] First gear position (the first shift mechanism K1 is in the first position, the second shift mechanism K2 is in the fifth position, and the third shift mechanism K3 is in the seventh position): motor → first intermediate shaft 10 → first shift mechanism K1 → eighth gear 11 → first gear 21 → first intermediate shaft 20 → fourth gear 24 → fourteenth gear 44 → third shift mechanism K3 → second intermediate shaft 40 → eleventh gear 41 → fifth gear 33 → second intermediate shaft 30 → sixth gear 32 → tenth gear 51 → differential 52 → output half shaft 50;

[0056] The second gear position (the first shift mechanism K1 is in the first position, the second shift mechanism K2 is in the fifth position, and the third shift mechanism K3 is in the sixth position): motor → first intermediate shaft 10 → first shift mechanism K1 → eighth gear 11 → first gear 21 → first intermediate shaft 20 → third gear 23 → thirteenth gear 43 → third shift mechanism K3 → second intermediate shaft 40 → eleventh gear 41 → fifth gear 33 → second intermediate shaft 30 → sixth gear 32 → tenth gear 51 → differential 52 → output half shaft 50;

[0057] The third gear position (the first shift mechanism K1 is in the first position, the second shift mechanism K2 is in the fourth position, and the third shift mechanism K3 is in the eighth position): motor → first intermediate shaft 10 → first shift mechanism K1 → eighth gear 11 → first gear 21 → first intermediate shaft 20 → second gear 22 → twelfth gear 42 → second shift mechanism K2 → second intermediate shaft 40 → eleventh gear 41 → fifth gear 33 → second intermediate shaft 30 → sixth gear 32 → tenth gear 51 → differential 52 → output half shaft 50;

[0058] Fourth gear (the first shift mechanism K1 is in the second position, the second shift mechanism K2 is in the fifth position, and the third shift mechanism K3 is in the eighth position): motor → first intermediate shaft 10 → first shift mechanism K1 → ninth gear 12 → seventh gear 31 → second intermediate shaft 30 → sixth gear 32 → tenth gear 51 → differential 52 → output half shaft 50;

[0059] Among them, the fourth gear provides the shortest mechanical transmission path, has high mechanical efficiency, and is suitable for low-load driving in the full speed range. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize multi-gear switching of the electric drive bridge to achieve power output from low-speed high torque to full-speed low torque, and then high torque output can also be achieved through a motor with relatively small torque. Compared with the use of a high-torque motor in the prior art, it can effectively reduce costs.

[0060] Moreover, in some embodiments, due to the electric drive axle provided in this embodiment, it is not necessary to use a wheel-side planetary gear reducer to achieve high torque output, which effectively reduces the wheel-side mass, simplifies the mechanical structure, and reduces costs.

[0061] The electric drive axle provided in this embodiment requires fewer gears and only three shift mechanisms to achieve four-speed transmission, with fewer intermediate transmission gears and high transmission efficiency.

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism and the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism are respectively distributed on both sides of the output half shaft 50, that is, the main gear transmission system is distributed on both sides of the output half shaft 50, and the weight is evenly distributed to avoid weight concentration on one side of the output half shaft 50, so that the electric drive axle can still have a long service life in a vibrating use environment.

[0063] In another embodiment, the first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism and the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism of the electric drive axle can also be arranged on the same side of the output half shaft 50, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, at the same time, the second intermediate shaft 30 of the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism is set as a hollow shaft, and the second intermediate shaft 30 is hollowly sleeved on the first intermediate shaft 20 of the first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism. In this way, the four-speed electric drive axle provided in this embodiment has a compact structure, can effectively reduce the volume of the electric drive axle, and facilitates the arrangement of the electric drive axle and other mechanisms of the vehicle.

[0064] In some embodiments, the motor is coaxially arranged with the output half shaft 50, that is, the power output shaft of the motor is coaxially arranged with the output half shaft, wherein the first intermediate shaft 10 can be used as the power output shaft of the motor. The first intermediate shaft 10 is a hollow shaft, which is hollowly sleeved on the output half shaft 50, and the first intermediate shaft 10 and the output half shaft 50 do not interfere with each other. Such an arrangement can make the electric drive axle as a whole have a better compactness.

[0065] In a further embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the motor MG can also be set in an offset manner (the power output shaft of the motor MG is offset from the output half shaft 50), and the liquid cooling system of the motor MG can be arranged separately. The liquid cooling system has a simple structure, which effectively reduces the use cost. When the motor MG is set in an offset manner, the output shaft 10a of the motor MG can be provided with a fifteenth gear 11a, and the first intermediate shaft 10 is provided with a sixteenth gear 11b. The fifteenth gear 11a is meshed with the sixteenth gear 11b, so that the transmission connection between the motor MG and the first intermediate shaft 10 is realized through a primary gear transmission.

[0066] In order to improve the output torque, the motors can be provided as a pair and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the output half shaft 50, and the pair of motors are connected to the first intermediate shaft 10 through gear transmission. That is, the output shafts 10a of the pair of motors MG are both provided with a fifteenth gear 11a, and the two fifteenth gears 11a are respectively meshed with the two sides of the sixteenth gear 11b.

[0067] With such a configuration, the first intermediate shaft 10 can be driven to rotate simultaneously by a pair of motors MG, which effectively improves the torque output. It should be noted that, when the maximum output torque is equal, the cost of a pair of motors with smaller torque can be significantly reduced relative to the cost of a motor with larger torque. Therefore, this embodiment can effectively improve the output torque of the electric drive axle at a relatively low cost.

[0068] In a further embodiment, Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism is provided as a pair and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of a pair of output half shafts 50. A pair of second intermediate shaft transmission mechanisms can effectively improve the load capacity of the transmission mechanism and is suitable for commercial vehicles with heavy load requirements.

[0069] In another embodiment, if Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism can also be provided as a pair, and symmetrically distributed on both sides of a pair of output half shafts 50. A pair of first intermediate shaft transmission mechanisms can effectively improve the load capacity of the transmission mechanism, and is suitable for commercial vehicles with heavy load requirements.

[0070] In a further embodiment, a pair of output half shafts 50 are respectively a first output half shaft and a second output half shaft, the first intermediate shaft 10 and the ninth gear 12 are loosely mounted on the first output half shaft, and the eighth gear 11 can be loosely mounted on the first intermediate shaft 10. The tenth gear 51, the second intermediate shaft 40 and the fourteenth gear 44 are loosely mounted on the second output half shaft, the eleventh gear 41 is connected to the second intermediate shaft 40, and the twelfth gear 42 and the thirteenth gear 43 are loosely mounted on the second intermediate shaft 40. Such an arrangement can fully and evenly utilize the limited axial space of the output half shaft 50, effectively improving the compactness of the electric drive axle.

[0071] It should be noted that the first rotating shaft 40 and the second rotating shaft 50 have a hollow structure and can be mounted on the output half shaft 50 via a bearing sleeve, and a gear structure is provided at one end of the rotating shaft to couple with the sliding sleeve of the shift mechanism.

[0072] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a vehicle, which is provided with a four-speed electric drive axle as in any of the above embodiments. With such a configuration, the vehicle provided in this embodiment can achieve four gears, and a large torque output can be achieved through a smaller motor, which can effectively reduce the cost of the electric drive axle, and the service life can be guaranteed. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is generally similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the above-mentioned four-speed electric drive axle, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-speed electric drive axle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pair of output half shafts (50), a differential (52), a first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, a second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism, a first shift mechanism (K1), a second shift mechanism (K2), a third shift mechanism (K3) and a motor; wherein the pair of output half shafts (50) are coaxially arranged, the differential (52) is arranged between the pair of output half shafts (50), and the power output part of the differential (52) is connected to the output half shafts (50); The first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism comprises: a first intermediate shaft (20) and a first gear (21), a second gear (22), a third gear (23) and a fourth gear (24) arranged on the first intermediate shaft (20); the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism comprises: a second intermediate shaft (30) and a fifth gear (33), a sixth gear (32) and a seventh gear (31) arranged on the second intermediate shaft (30); The pair of output half shafts (50) are sleeved with an eighth gear (11), a ninth gear (12), a first intermediate shaft (10), a tenth gear (51), a second intermediate shaft (40), an eleventh gear (41), a twelfth gear (42), a thirteenth gear (43) and a fourteenth gear (44), wherein the eleventh gear (41) is connected to the second intermediate shaft (40), the eighth gear (11) is meshed with the first gear (21), the ninth gear (12) is meshed with the seventh gear (31), the tenth gear (51) is connected to the power input part of the differential and is meshed with the sixth gear (32), the eleventh gear (41) is meshed with the fifth gear (33), the twelfth gear (42) is meshed with the second gear (22), the thirteenth gear (43) is meshed with the third gear (23), and the fourteenth gear (44) is meshed with the fourth gear (24); The motor is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft (10); The first shift mechanism (K1) is switchable between a first position, a second position and a third position. In the first position, the first intermediate shaft (10) is coupled to the eighth gear (11). In the second position, the first intermediate shaft (10) is coupled to the ninth gear (12). In the third position, the first intermediate shaft (10), the eighth gear (11) and the ninth gear (12) are disengaged from each other. The second shift mechanism (K2) is switchable between a fourth position and a fifth position, wherein in the fourth position, the twelfth gear (42) is coupled to the second intermediate shaft (40), and in the fifth position, the twelfth gear (42) is disengaged from the second intermediate shaft (40); The third shift mechanism (K3) is capable of switching between a sixth position, a seventh position and an eighth position. In the sixth position, the thirteenth gear (43) is coupled to the second intermediate shaft (40). In the seventh position, the fourteenth gear (44) is coupled to the second intermediate shaft (40). In the eighth position, the thirteenth gear (43), the fourteenth gear (44) and the second intermediate shaft (40) are disengaged from each other.

2. The four-speed electric drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism is arranged in a pair and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the pair of output half shafts (50).

3. The four-speed electric drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second intermediate shaft transmission mechanisms are arranged in a pair and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the pair of output half shafts (50).

4. The four-speed electric drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor and the output half shaft (50) are coaxially arranged, and the first intermediate shaft (10) is the power output shaft of the motor.

5. The four-speed electric drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor is offset to one side of the output half shaft (50), and the power output shaft of the motor is connected to the first intermediate shaft (10) through gear transmission.

6. The four-speed electric drive axle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The motors are arranged in a pair and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the output half shaft (50); the pair of motors are connected to the first rotating shaft (10) via gear transmission.

7. The four-speed electric drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first intermediate shaft transmission mechanism and the second intermediate shaft transmission mechanism are respectively arranged on both sides of the pair of output half shafts (50).

8. The four-speed electric drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second intermediate shaft (30) is configured as a hollow shaft, and the second intermediate shaft (30) is hollowly sleeved on the first intermediate shaft (20).

9. The four-speed electric drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pair of output half shafts (50) are respectively a first output half shaft and a second output half shaft; the first intermediate shaft (10) and the ninth gear (12) are loosely mounted on the first output half shaft; the eighth gear (11) is loosely mounted on the first intermediate shaft (10); the tenth gear (51), the second intermediate shaft (40) and the fourteenth gear (44) are loosely mounted on the second output half shaft; the eleventh gear (41) is connected to the second intermediate shaft (40); and the twelfth gear (42) and the thirteenth gear (43) are loosely mounted on the second intermediate shaft (40).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: An axle is provided, and the axle is configured as a four-speed electric drive axle as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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