A dismantling method suitable for small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for central dismantling applicable to small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, comprising the following steps: 1. performing preparatory work before translating the intermediate shaft; 2. translating the intermediate shaft; 3. installing a lifting device on the intermediate shaft; 4. initially lowering the intermediate shaft; 5. lowering the intermediate shaft a second time; 6. modifying the lifting device to raise the lifting point; 7. lifting and moving the intermediate shaft; and 8. disassembling and lifting the turbine runner. The present invention solves the problem of central dismantling and repairing the intermediate shaft and turbine runner in small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, where the plant structure cannot meet the construction conditions for traditional central dismantling and lowering, and without using the complex upper dismantling method, thereby reducing the construction process and achieving quick and convenient dismantling and assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of disassembly and assembly of an intermediate shaft and a turbine or a water pump, and in particular relates to a disassembly method suitable for small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations. Background Art

[0002] A turbine is the power unit of a hydropower station unit, generating electricity by converting the energy of the water flow into mechanical energy to drive the generator's rotation. A pump is the pumping device of a pumping station unit, using the electric motor to generate kinetic energy, which in turn rotates the pump to raise the water flow to the rated head. While the two operate on opposite principles, their unit structures are nearly identical. Because components such as the turbine runners of turbines and pumps are consumable, they require regular inspection and maintenance. Their safe condition directly impacts the safe and stable operation of the unit, making regular inspection and maintenance of turbines and pumps crucial.

[0003] For both hydroelectric generator sets and pump sets, a top-down disassembly method can be used. This involves removing the upper frame, rotor, and other motor components, followed by the intermediate shaft and turbine or pump. This method is particularly common for large units, which are restricted by plant structures. This top-down disassembly and bottom-up installation process is cumbersome and expensive. Power station and pump station plant structures typically feature a turbine deck, often using a center-down disassembly method that installs rails and trolleys in the passageway leading from the turbine deck to the waterwheel chamber. However, the waterwheel chamber passageway in small and medium-sized hydropower stations or large and medium-sized pump stations is only accessible to personnel, and its structure and design dimensions do not meet the requirements for center-down disassembly and transportation of the equipment. Turbines or pumps with bottom-down disassembly capabilities also require consideration of the structure and dimensions of their bottom-down disassembly and transportation channels during the design phase. While center-down disassembly and bottom-down disassembly methods simplify the process, shorten construction time, and save costs for disassembling only the turbine for inspection and maintenance, the corresponding transportation channel must meet structural and dimensional requirements. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to study a new method for dismantling the intermediate shaft and the turbine or water pump, especially for small and medium-sized hydropower stations or large and medium-sized pumping stations whose plant structures do not have a turbine layer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a center dismantling method suitable for small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations in response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology. It solves the problem of center dismantling and repairing the intermediate shaft and turbine runner in small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations because the structure of the plant buildings cannot meet the traditional center dismantling and lower dismantling construction conditions, and does not adopt the complicated upper dismantling method. It reduces the construction process and realizes quick and convenient disassembly and assembly.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a dismantling method applicable to small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, the powerhouse structures of small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations all include a motor, a turbine runner and an intermediate shaft connected between the motor and the turbine runner, as well as a track installed at the bottom of the top plate of the volute layer of the powerhouse structure, a hand chain hoist installed on the track and an inspection platform installed at the same height as the track, the turbine runner is arranged in the volute, the inspection platform has a through hole for the intermediate shaft to pass through, and the inspection platform has an access cover at a position next to the through hole, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Prepare for intermediate axis translation:

[0007] Step 101: Lock the turbine runner and release the bolt connection between the lower flange of the intermediate shaft and the turbine shaft;

[0008] Step 102: Apply the brake to lift the motor rotor, thereby raising the intermediate shaft so that the groove on the lower flange of the intermediate shaft is separated from the boss on the turbine shaft flange;

[0009] Step 103: Remove the entry cover and form a storage hole on the inspection platform that is connected to the through hole.

[0010] Step 104: Determine the installation position of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley on the maintenance platform, remove the coupling bolts on the intermediate shaft upper flange corresponding to the installation position of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley, install the intermediate bearing support frame trolley on the maintenance platform, symmetrically remove the remaining coupling bolts on the intermediate shaft upper flange, and allow the intermediate shaft upper flange to fall onto the intermediate bearing support frame trolley. Simultaneously, disengage the boss on the intermediate shaft upper flange from the groove on the motor shaft flange.

[0011] Step 2: Move the intermediate shaft horizontally: push the intermediate bearing support frame trolley to move the intermediate shaft horizontally from the through hole to the storage hole;

[0012] Step 3: Install the lifting device on the intermediate shaft:

[0013] Step 301: Install a lifting ring at the center of the top of the intermediate shaft, and hang a fall chain connected to the lifting ring on the lower frame of the motor. The fall chain lifts the intermediate shaft away from the intermediate bearing support frame trolley.

[0014] Step 302: Remove the middle bearing support frame trolley;

[0015] Step 303: Install a main hoop frame on the intermediate shaft body, and install a lifting point height adjustment mechanism on the top of the main hoop frame. The lower surface of the main hoop frame is provided with multiple horizontal jack screws for tightening the intermediate shaft. Two balance beams are symmetrically provided on the bottom of both sides of the main hoop frame. The balance beams are provided with lifting ears at the ends away from the main hoop frame, and a hand chain hoist is connected to the lifting ears.

[0016] Step 304: Use a hand chain hoist to pull the balance beam upward, so that the lifting point height adjustment mechanism abuts against the lower surface of the upper flange of the intermediate shaft. At this time, the balance beam is located below the center of gravity of the intermediate shaft.

[0017] Step 305: Adjust the horizontal top screw to abut against the intermediate shaft body so that the intermediate shaft is located at the center of the main hoop;

[0018] Step 4: Initially lower the intermediate shaft: Use the fall chain and hand hoist to initially lower the intermediate shaft so that the top of the flange on the intermediate shaft is lower than the maintenance platform;

[0019] Step 5: Lower the intermediate shaft for the second time: Use the hand chain hoist to pull the bottom of the intermediate shaft toward the side of the volute until the bottom of the intermediate shaft is tilted above the ground next to the volute. Then lower the intermediate shaft for the second time until the bottom of the intermediate shaft is on the ground next to the volute.

[0020] Step 6: Modify the lifting equipment and raise the lifting point: Remove the lifting point height adjustment mechanism and fall chain, use the hand hoist to lift the balance beam upwards, so that the top of the main hoop abuts against the lower surface of the flange on the intermediate shaft. At this time, the balance beam is above the center of gravity of the intermediate shaft.

[0021] Step 7: Lift and move the intermediate shaft:

[0022] Step 701: Use a hand hoist to pull the main hoop frame to lift the intermediate shaft and move it horizontally to below the hanging hole, and then remove the main hoop frame;

[0023] Step 702: Use the overhead crane in the powerhouse structure to lift the intermediate shaft through the lifting hole to the generator level of the powerhouse structure, completing the removal of the intermediate shaft.

[0024] Step 8: Dismantle and remove the turbine runner:

[0025] The main hoop is installed on the turbine shaft, and the turbine shaft is lifted and moved using the main hoop and hand hoist, driving the turbine runner to be lifted and moved below the lifting hole. The main hoop is then removed, and the bridge crane lifts the turbine runner through the lifting hole to the generator layer of the powerhouse structure, completing the disassembly of the turbine runner.

[0026] The above-mentioned disassembly method is suitable for small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, and is characterized in that: the intermediate bearing support frame trolley includes a traveling frame and two supporting beams arranged on the traveling frame and arranged in parallel, and the distance between the two supporting beams is greater than the diameter of the intermediate shaft body and smaller than the outer diameter of the flange on the intermediate shaft.

[0027] The above-mentioned dismantling method is suitable for small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, and is characterized in that: the main hoop frame includes two detachably connected half-hoops, the half-hoop frame includes a semi-annular base frame, a semi-annular top frame, and a fixed pillar connected between the semi-annular base frame and the semi-annular top frame, the horizontal top screw is arranged at the center position of the lower surface of the semi-annular base frame, the balance beam is arranged at the center position of the semi-annular base frame and is arranged vertically with the semi-annular base frame; the two semi-annular base frames are detachably connected, and the two semi-annular top frames are detachably connected.

[0028] The above-mentioned disassembly method is suitable for small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, and is characterized in that: an auxiliary support is also provided between the semi-annular base frame and the semi-annular top frame, the bottom of the auxiliary support is detachably connected to the semi-annular base frame, and the top of the auxiliary support abuts against the lower surface of the semi-annular top frame.

[0029] The above-mentioned dismantling method is suitable for small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, and is characterized in that: the lifting point height adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of extended pillars evenly distributed on the semi-annular top frame, the extended pillars include a column body and a vertical top screw passing through the top of the column body, the bottom of the column body is detachably connected to the semi-annular top frame by bolts, and the top of the vertical top screw abuts against the lower surface of the flange on the intermediate shaft.

[0030] The above-mentioned dismantling method applicable to small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations is characterized in that the horizontal distance between the lifting points of the two lifting ears is equal to the horizontal distance between the two rails.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] 1. The present invention eliminates the restriction of the intermediate shaft translation by the concave and convex flanges by providing an intermediate bearing support frame trolley that is easy to disassemble and assemble, so that the intermediate shaft can be translated from the connection working position to the side, making it more convenient and quick to lower the intermediate shaft.

[0033] 2. The present invention, through the combination of the main hoop and the balance beam, can cleverly utilize the existing rails and hand hoists in the factory to realize the lifting of the intermediate shaft without the need for a complex structure. Therefore, the disassembly steps are simple and reliable and will not affect the structure of the intermediate shaft itself.

[0034] 3. The present invention changes the installation height of the main hoop by setting a lifting point height adjustment mechanism, that is, changes the relative position relationship between the balance beam and the center of gravity of the intermediate shaft. The intermediate shaft can be converted under different lifting requirements, and the connection of the lifting point height adjustment mechanism is quick and convenient, and the use effect is good.

[0035] 4. The method of the present invention enables small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations that do not meet the existing conditions for center disassembly to have the function of center disassembly; compared with the top disassembly method, during the inspection and maintenance of the intermediate shaft and the turbine runner, there is no need to disassemble and install the cover plate, upper frame, rotor, lower frame, guide bearing and other motor components, and they can be disassembled and installed directly from the middle part, which reduces construction costs, shortens construction period, and reduces the risk of new mechanical and electrical failures caused by the top disassembly process of components that do not need to be inspected.

[0036] 5. The method of the present invention eliminates the need for a special demolition corridor in the factory building structure, thereby ensuring the overall strength of the factory building concrete structure.

[0037] 6. The infrastructure used in the method of the present invention is already available, and the lifting equipment used is easy to disassemble and relocate, so it can be applied to the disassembly and maintenance of various units in the factory, which is beneficial to improving the overall maintenance efficiency.

[0038] In summary, the present invention solves the problem of dismantling and repairing the intermediate shaft and the turbine runner in small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations because the structure of the plant buildings cannot meet the traditional center dismantling and lowering construction conditions, and does not adopt the complex upper dismantling method, thereby reducing the construction process and realizing quick and convenient disassembly and assembly.

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 4 is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a construction status diagram of step one of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view of the central inspection platform, intermediate bearing support frame trolley, intermediate shaft and track after being rotated 90°.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a construction status diagram of step 2 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a construction status diagram of step three of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a construction status diagram of step four of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a construction status diagram of step five of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation relationship between the main hoop and the intermediate shaft in step six of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the main hoop and balance beam used in the present invention.

[0049] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Top view of the middle main hoop.

[0050] Figure 11 for Figure 9 Top view of the middle main hoop after removing the semi-circular top frame and auxiliary supports.

[0051] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the extended support used in the present invention.

[0052] Description of the accompanying drawings:

[0053] 1-track; 2-Hand chain hoist; 3- Main hoop frame; 3-1-semi-ring chassis; 3-2-semi-ring top frame; 3-3-Fix the pillars; 3-4- bottom connecting plate; 3-5-ribs; 3-6- auxiliary pillars; 4-Lifting point height adjustment mechanism; 4-1-column; 4-2-vertical top screw; 5-Intermediate bearing supporting frame trolley; 5-1-Traveling frame; 5-2-Supporting beam; 6-Maintenance platform; 7-motor; 8-intermediate shaft; 9- volute layer; 10-through hole; 11-Entrance cover; 12-turbine shaft; 13-Putting hole; 14-coupling bolt; 15-motor shaft; 16-rings; 17-motor lower frame; 18-falling chain; 19-horizontal top screw; 20-Balance beam; 21- hanging lug; 22-volute; 23-Hanging hole; 24-Motor layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention is a method for dismantling small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, the method comprising the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Prepare for intermediate axis translation:

[0056] Step 101: Lock the turbine runner and release the bolt connection between the lower flange of the intermediate shaft 8 and the turbine shaft 12;

[0057] In this embodiment, a special tool for the turbine runner clamp is used to lock the turbine runner to ensure that the turbine runner remains stationary during the removal of the intermediate shaft 8;

[0058] Step 102: Apply the brake to lift the rotor of the motor 7, thereby raising the intermediate shaft 8 so that the groove on the lower flange of the intermediate shaft 8 is separated from the boss on the flange of the turbine shaft 12;

[0059] In this embodiment, before the wind gate is put into operation, a pad needs to be placed between the unit brake and the brake ring. After the wind gate is put into operation, the motor 7 and the intermediate shaft 8 are lifted to the highest allowable position to ensure that the boss on the flange of the turbine shaft 12 does not affect the translation of the intermediate shaft 8.

[0060] Step 103: Remove the entry cover 11 and form a storage hole 13 on the maintenance platform 6 that is connected to the through hole 10.

[0061] Step 104: Determine the installation position of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 on the inspection platform 6, remove the coupling bolts 14 on the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8 corresponding to the installation position of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5, install the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 on the inspection platform 6, symmetrically remove the remaining coupling bolts 14 on the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8, and allow the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8 to fall onto the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5. At the same time, disengage the boss on the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8 from the groove on the flange of the motor shaft 15;

[0062] It should be noted that due to the length of the coupling bolts 14, the installation of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 directly below the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8 will be blocked. Therefore, it is necessary to first remove the coupling bolts 14 on the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8 that affect its installation according to the installation position of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5.

[0063] Step 2: Move the intermediate shaft horizontally: push the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 to move the intermediate shaft 8 horizontally from the through hole 10 to the storage hole 13;

[0064] It should be noted that the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 can be moved without tracks. During actual construction, in order to ensure the safety and stability of the intermediate shaft 8 during movement, it is necessary to install slide rails for the movement of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 on the maintenance platform 6. Installing the slide rails can ensure the safety and stability of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 during movement.

[0065] Step 3: Install the lifting device on the intermediate shaft:

[0066] Step 301: Install a lifting ring 16 at the top center of the intermediate shaft 8, and hang a fall chain 18 connected to the lifting ring 16 on the motor lower frame 17. The fall chain 18 lifts the intermediate shaft 8 away from the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5.

[0067] It should be noted that step 301 realizes the conversion from the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 supporting the intermediate shaft 8 to the fall chain 18 lifting the intermediate shaft 8, preparing for the next step of removing the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5;

[0068] Step 302: Remove the middle bearing support frame trolley 5;

[0069] Step 303: Install the main hoop frame 3 on the shaft body of the intermediate shaft 8, and install the lifting point height adjustment mechanism 4 on the top of the main hoop frame 3. The lower surface of the main hoop frame 3 is provided with multiple horizontal jack screws 19 for tightening the intermediate shaft 8. Two balance beams 20 are symmetrically provided on the bottom of both sides of the main hoop frame 3. The balance beam 20 is provided with a lifting lug 21 at one end away from the main hoop frame, and the hand chain hoist 2 is connected to the lifting lug 21.

[0070] It should be noted that when actually installing the main hoop frame 3 and the lifting point height adjustment mechanism 4, the main hoop frame 3 is first assembled on the lower flange of the intermediate shaft 8 so that the main hoop frame 3 is held on the shaft body of the intermediate shaft 8. Then, the hand hoist 2 is connected to the lifting lug 21 to lift the main hoop frame 3 to an appropriate height for installation of the lifting point height adjustment mechanism 4.

[0071] Step 304: The hand chain hoist 2 pulls the balance beam 20 upward, so that the lifting point height adjustment mechanism 4 abuts against the lower surface of the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8. At this time, the balance beam 20 is located below the center of gravity of the intermediate shaft 8.

[0072] Step 305: Adjust the horizontal top screw 19 to abut against the shaft of the intermediate shaft 8 so that the intermediate shaft 8 is located at the center of the main hoop 3;

[0073] It should be noted that the position of the intermediate shaft 8 in the main hoop 3 is fixed by setting a horizontal top screw 19 to prevent the intermediate shaft 8 from colliding with the main hoop 3 during movement, thereby ensuring the stability of the intermediate shaft 8 during movement;

[0074] Step 4: Initially lower the intermediate shaft: Initially lower the intermediate shaft 8 using the fall chain 18 and the hand hoist 2, so that the top of the flange on the intermediate shaft 8 is lower than the maintenance platform 6;

[0075] In this embodiment, the specific steps of step 4 are as follows: slowly lowering the fall chain 18 so that the weight of the intermediate shaft 8 is gradually transferred to the main hoop 3 through the lifting point height adjustment mechanism 4, and the hand chain hoist 2 guides the lowering of the intermediate shaft 8 so that the top of the flange on the intermediate shaft 8 is lower than the maintenance platform 6. During this period, the fall chain 18 serves as an auxiliary to prevent the intermediate shaft 8 from tipping over;

[0076] Step 5: Lower the intermediate shaft a second time: Use the hand chain hoist 2 to pull the bottom of the intermediate shaft 8 toward the side of the volute 22 and tilt it until the bottom of the intermediate shaft 8 is above the ground next to the volute 22. Then, lower the intermediate shaft 8 a second time until the bottom of the intermediate shaft 8 is on the ground next to the volute 22.

[0077] In this embodiment, the specific steps of step five are as follows: the hand chain hoist 2 pulls the bottom of the intermediate shaft 8 along the track 1 toward the object hanging hole 23, so that the bottom of the intermediate shaft 8 tilts toward the side of the volute 22. Then, the hand chain hoist 2 and the fall chain 18 simultaneously control the intermediate shaft 8 to be lowered until the bottom of the intermediate shaft 8 is lowered to the ground next to the volute 22. Then, the hand chain hoist 2 remains stationary, and the fall chain 18 continues to lower the intermediate shaft 8, so that the intermediate shaft 8 is turned from the tilted state to the upright state.

[0078] Step 6: Modify the lifting equipment and raise the lifting point: Remove the lifting point height adjustment mechanism 4 and the fall chain 18, use the hand hoist 2 to lift the balance beam 20 upward, so that the top of the main hoop 3 abuts against the lower surface of the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8. At this time, the balance beam 20 is located above the center of gravity of the intermediate shaft 8;

[0079] Step 7: Lift and move the intermediate shaft:

[0080] Step 701: Use the hand chain hoist 2 to pull the main hoist frame 3, so that the intermediate shaft 8 is lifted and translated to below the hanging hole 23, and then the main hoist frame 3 is removed;

[0081] Step 702: Use the overhead crane in the powerhouse structure to lift the intermediate shaft 8 through the lifting hole 23 to the generator level 24 of the powerhouse structure, completing the disassembly of the intermediate shaft 8;

[0082] Step 8: Dismantle and remove the turbine runner:

[0083] Install the main hoop 3 on the turbine shaft 12, use the main hoop 3 and the hand hoist 2 to lift the turbine shaft 12, drive the turbine runner to be lifted and moved to the bottom of the lifting hole 23, then remove the main hoop 3, and use the bridge crane to lift the turbine runner through the lifting hole 23 to the generator layer 24 of the powerhouse structure, completing the disassembly of the turbine runner.

[0084] It should be noted that the installation steps of the turbine runner and the intermediate shaft 8 are opposite to the disassembly steps.

[0085] It should be noted that, generally in small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations, the track 1, hand hoist 2 and maintenance platform 6 are permanently installed. If they are not installed, the track 1 can be installed after drilling holes in the floor and installing chemical bolts. The track 1 leads from each unit to the lifting hole 23, which is convenient for lifting the bridge crane out of the factory building.

[0086] It should be noted that by providing the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 that is easy to disassemble and assemble, the restriction of the concave and convex flanges on the translation of the intermediate shaft can be eliminated, so that the intermediate shaft 8 can be translated from the connection working position to the side, which can make the intermediate shaft 8 more convenient and quick to lower;

[0087] By combining the main hoop 3 and the balance beam 20, the existing track 1 and hand chain hoist 2 in the factory building can be cleverly utilized to realize the lifting of the intermediate shaft 8 without the need for a complex structure. Therefore, the disassembly process is simple and reliable, and will not affect the structure of the intermediate shaft 8 itself.

[0088] By setting the lifting point height adjustment mechanism 4 to change the installation height of the main hoop 3, that is, to change the relative position relationship between the balance beam 20 and the center of gravity of the intermediate shaft 8, the intermediate shaft 8 can be converted under different lifting requirements, and the connection of the lifting point height adjustment mechanism 4 is quick and convenient, and the use effect is good.

[0089] It should be noted that this method enables small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations that do not meet the existing conditions for center disassembly to have the function of center disassembly; compared with the top disassembly method, during the inspection and maintenance of the intermediate shaft and the turbine runner, there is no need to disassemble and install the cover plate, upper frame, rotor, lower frame, guide bearing and other motor components, and they can be disassembled directly from the middle part, which reduces construction costs, shortens construction period, and reduces the risk of new mechanical and electrical failures caused by the top disassembly process requirements for components that do not require inspection.

[0090] This method eliminates the need for a dedicated demolition corridor in the plant structure, thus ensuring the overall strength of the plant concrete structure.

[0091] The infrastructure used in this method is already available, and the lifting equipment used is easy to disassemble and relocate, so it can be applied to the disassembly and maintenance operations of various units in the factory, which is conducive to improving the overall maintenance efficiency.

[0092] In this embodiment, the intermediate bearing support frame trolley 5 includes a traveling frame 5-1 and two supporting beams 5-2 arranged on the traveling frame 5-1 and arranged in parallel. The distance between the two supporting beams 5-2 is greater than the diameter of the intermediate shaft 8 and smaller than the outer diameter of the flange on the intermediate shaft 8.

[0093] In this embodiment, the traveling frame 5 - 1 includes an assembled main body frame and pulleys arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the main body frame. The assembled main body frame surrounds the intermediate shaft 8 therein.

[0094] In this embodiment, the supporting beam 5 - 2 is arranged perpendicular to the translation direction of the intermediate shaft 8 to prevent the intermediate shaft 8 from sliding out of the supporting beam 5 - 2 due to excessive translation speed.

[0095] In this embodiment, the main hoop frame 3 includes two detachably connected half hoop frames, and the half hoop frames include a semi-annular base frame 3-1, a semi-annular top frame 3-2, and a fixed pillar 3-3 connected between the semi-annular base frame 3-1 and the semi-annular top frame 3-2. The horizontal top wire 19 is arranged at the center position of the lower surface of the semi-annular base frame 3-1, and the balance beam 20 is arranged at the center position of the semi-annular base frame 3-1 and is arranged vertically with the semi-annular base frame 3-1; the two semi-annular base frames 3-1 are detachably connected, and the two semi-annular top frames 3-2 are detachably connected.

[0096] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the installation of the balance beam 20, the semi-annular base frame 3-1 is specifically welded by a longitudinal beam and two cross beams symmetrically connected at both ends of the longitudinal beam. The balance beam 20 is connected to the middle of the longitudinal beam, and the nut of the horizontal top screw 19 is welded at the center position of the lower surface of the longitudinal beam. The screw of the horizontal top screw 19 passes through the nut and abuts against the side wall of the shaft body of the intermediate shaft 8.

[0097] In this embodiment, a bottom connecting plate 3-4 is provided on the crossbeam, and the two semi-annular base frames 3-1 are detachably connected through the bottom connecting plate 3-4; after the two semi-annular base frames 3-1 are connected, a rectangular through hole is formed in the middle for the shaft body of the intermediate shaft 8 to pass through, and the two sides of the rectangular through hole are both smaller than the outer diameter of the lower flange of the intermediate shaft 8.

[0098] In this embodiment, ribs 3-5 are provided at both ends of the semi-annular top frame 3-2, and bolts pass through the ribs 3-5 of the two semi-annular top frames 3-2 to detachably connect the two semi-annular top frames 3-2; the semi-annular top frame 3-2 is formed by welding four angle steels, and the top surface of the angle steel is an isosceles trapezoid. After the two semi-annular top frames 3-2 are connected, a regular octagonal top frame is formed, and the inner diagonal length of the regular octagonal top frame is greater than the diameter of the intermediate shaft 8 and less than the outer diameter of the flange on the intermediate shaft 8; a reinforcing plate is provided in the middle of the semi-annular top frame 3-2 to increase strength and force transmission.

[0099] In this embodiment, the bottom of the fixed support 3-3 is welded to the center position of the upper surface of the semi-circular bottom frame 3-1, and the top of the fixed support 3-3 is welded to the reinforcement plate of the semi-circular top frame 3-2.

[0100] It should be noted that the semi-circular top frame 3-2 is made of angle steel, which does not require factory prefabrication and can be directly made by cutting and welding on-site materials, effectively saving construction costs.

[0101] In this embodiment, an auxiliary pillar 3-6 is further provided between the semi-annular base frame 3-1 and the semi-annular top frame 3-2. The bottom of the auxiliary pillar 3-6 is detachably connected to the semi-annular base frame 3-1, and the top of the auxiliary pillar 3-6 abuts against the lower surface of the semi-annular top frame 3-2.

[0102] In this embodiment, the number of the auxiliary pillars 3-6 is two, and the auxiliary pillars 3-6 are welded with base plates. The base plates at the bottom of the auxiliary pillars 3-6 are respectively connected to the cross beams of the two semi-circular base frames 3-1 by two bolts, and the tops of the auxiliary pillars 3-6 are abutted against the ribs 3-5 of the semi-circular top frame 3-2; therefore, the auxiliary pillars 3-6 need to be installed after the two semi-circular base frames 3-1 are spliced.

[0103] It should be noted that the auxiliary pillars 3-6 can prevent the semi-circular top frame 3-2 from sinking under force, and can also play a role in reinforcing the detachable connection points of the semi-circular base frame 3-1 and the detachable connection points of the semi-circular top frame 3-2.

[0104] In this embodiment, the hanging point height adjustment mechanism 4 includes a plurality of extended pillars evenly distributed on the semi-annular top frame 3-2, and the extended pillars include a column 4-1 and a vertical top screw 4-2 passing through the top of the column 4-1. The bottom of the column 4-1 is detachably connected to the semi-annular top frame 3-2 by bolts, and the top of the vertical top screw 4-2 abuts against the lower surface of the upper flange of the intermediate shaft 8.

[0105] In this embodiment, a base plate is welded to the bottom of the column 4-1, and two bolts pass through the base plate to connect the column 4-1 to the semi-annular top frame 3-2.

[0106] In this embodiment, a plurality of bolt holes are provided on the semi-annular top frame 3-2. When the column 4-1 is connected to the semi-annular top frame 3-2, appropriate bolt holes are selected for connection so that the vertical top screw 4-2 is staggered with the flange bolt hole on the flange of the intermediate shaft 8, so that the vertical top screw 4-2 can directly abut against the lower surface of the flange on the intermediate shaft 8.

[0107] It should be noted that by adjusting the vertical top screw 4-2, it is possible to fine-tune the installation height of the main hoop 3 during actual construction, which is more convenient to use.

[0108] In this embodiment, the horizontal distance between the lifting points of the two lifting ears 21 is equal to the horizontal distance between the two rails 1 .

[0109] It should be noted that, at this time, the lifting lug 21 is located below its corresponding hand chain hoist 2, ensuring that the hand chain hoist 2 can vertically lift the balance beam 20, resulting in a better force application effect.

[0110] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dismantling a small or medium-sized hydropower station and a large or medium-sized pump station, wherein the plant structures of the small or medium-sized hydropower station and the large or medium-sized pump station include a motor (7), a turbine runner, and an intermediate shaft (8) connected between the motor (7) and the turbine runner, as well as a track (1) installed at the bottom of the top plate of the volute layer (9) of the plant structure, a hand chain hoist (2) installed on the track (1), and an inspection platform (6) installed at the same height as the track (1), wherein the turbine runner is arranged in the volute (22), the inspection platform (6) has a through hole (10) for the intermediate shaft (8) to pass through, and the inspection platform (6) has an entry cover (11) at a position next to the through hole (10), characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Prepare for intermediate axis translation: Step 101: Lock the turbine runner and release the bolt connection between the lower flange of the intermediate shaft (8) and the turbine shaft (12); Step 102: apply the brake to lift the rotor of the motor (7), thereby raising the intermediate shaft (8) so that the groove on the lower flange of the intermediate shaft (8) is separated from the boss on the flange of the turbine shaft (12); Step 103: remove the entry cover (11) and form a storage hole (13) on the inspection platform (6) that is connected to the through hole (10). Step 104, determine the installation position of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley (5) on the maintenance platform (6), remove the coupling bolts (14) on the intermediate shaft (8) upper flange corresponding to the installation position of the intermediate bearing support frame trolley (5), install the intermediate bearing support frame trolley (5) on the maintenance platform (6), symmetrically remove the remaining coupling bolts (14) on the intermediate shaft (8) upper flange, so that the intermediate shaft (8) upper flange falls onto the intermediate bearing support frame trolley (5), and at the same time, make the boss on the intermediate shaft (8) upper flange disengage from the groove on the motor shaft (15) flange; Step 2: Shift the intermediate shaft: push the intermediate bearing support frame trolley (5) to move the intermediate shaft (8) from the through hole (10) to the storage hole (13); Step 3: Install the lifting device on the intermediate shaft: Step 301: Install a lifting ring (16) at the top center of the intermediate shaft (8), and hang a fall chain (18) connected to the lifting ring (16) on the lower frame (17) of the motor. The fall chain (18) lifts the intermediate shaft (8) away from the intermediate bearing support frame trolley (5); Step 302, remove the middle bearing support frame trolley (5); Step 303, a main hoop frame (3) is installed on the shaft body of the intermediate shaft (8), a lifting point height adjustment mechanism (4) is installed on the top of the main hoop frame (3), a plurality of horizontal top screws (19) for tightening the intermediate shaft (8) are provided on the lower surface of the main hoop frame (3), two balance beams (20) are symmetrically provided on the bottom of both sides of the main hoop frame (3), a lifting lug (21) is provided at one end of the balance beam (20) away from the main hoop frame, and a hand chain hoist (2) is connected to the lifting lug (21); Step 304: The hand chain hoist (2) pulls the balance beam (20) upwards so that the lifting point height adjustment mechanism (4) abuts against the lower surface of the upper flange of the intermediate shaft (8). At this time, the balance beam (20) is located below the center of gravity of the intermediate shaft (8); Step 305: Adjust the horizontal top screw (19) to abut against the shaft of the intermediate shaft (8) so that the intermediate shaft (8) is located at the center of the main hoop frame (3); Step 4: Initially lower the intermediate shaft: Initially lower the intermediate shaft (8) by using the fall chain (18) and the hand chain hoist (2) so that the top of the flange on the intermediate shaft (8) is lower than the maintenance platform (6); Step 5, lowering the intermediate shaft for the second time: using the hand chain hoist (2), pull the bottom of the intermediate shaft (8) to tilt toward the side of the volute (22) until the bottom of the intermediate shaft (8) is tilted above the ground beside the volute (22), and then lower the intermediate shaft (8) for the second time, so that the bottom of the intermediate shaft (8) is lowered to the ground beside the volute (22); Step 6: Modify the sling to raise the lifting point: remove the lifting point height adjustment mechanism (4) and the fall chain (18), and use the hand chain hoist (2) to pull the balance beam (20) upward so that the top of the main hoop (3) abuts against the lower surface of the upper flange of the intermediate shaft (8). At this time, the balance beam (20) is located above the center of gravity of the intermediate shaft (8); Step 7: Lift and move the intermediate shaft: Step 701: Use the hand hoist (2) to pull the main hoop (3) to lift the intermediate shaft (8) and move it horizontally to below the hanging hole (23), and then remove the main hoop (3); Step 702: Use the bridge crane in the plant structure to lift the intermediate shaft (8) through the lifting hole (23) to the generator layer (24) of the plant structure, completing the disassembly of the intermediate shaft (8); Step 8: Dismantle and remove the turbine runner: A main hoop (3) is installed on the turbine shaft (12), and the main hoop (3) and the hand chain hoist (2) are used to lift the turbine shaft (12), thereby driving the turbine runner to be lifted and moved to the bottom of the lifting hole (23). The main hoop (3) is then removed, and the bridge crane lifts the turbine runner through the lifting hole (23) to the generator layer (24) of the powerhouse structure, thereby completing the disassembly of the turbine runner.

2. A method for dismantling small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate bearing support frame trolley (5) comprises a traveling frame (5-1) and two supporting beams (5-2) arranged on the traveling frame (5-1) and arranged in parallel, wherein the distance between the two supporting beams (5-2) is greater than the diameter of the intermediate shaft (8) and smaller than the outer diameter of the flange on the intermediate shaft (8).

3. A method for dismantling small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main hoop frame (3) comprises two detachably connected half hoop frames, the half hoop frames comprising a semi-annular base frame (3-1), a semi-annular top frame (3-2), and a fixed support (3-3) connected between the semi-annular base frame (3-1) and the semi-annular top frame (3-2), a horizontal top screw (19) being arranged at the center position of the lower surface of the semi-annular base frame (3-1), and a balance beam (20) being arranged at the center position of the semi-annular base frame (3-1) and being arranged vertically with respect to the semi-annular base frame (3-1); the semi-annular base frame (3-1) is specifically welded together by a longitudinal beam and two transverse beams symmetrically connected at both ends of the longitudinal beam, the balance beam (20) being connected at the middle of the longitudinal beam, the two semi-annular base frames (3-1) being detachably connected, and the two semi-annular top frames (3-2) being detachably connected.

4. A method for dismantling small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations according to claim 3, characterized in that: An auxiliary support (3-6) is further provided between the semi-annular bottom frame (3-1) and the semi-annular top frame (3-2); the bottom of the auxiliary support (3-6) is detachably connected to the semi-annular bottom frame (3-1), and the top of the auxiliary support (3-6) abuts against the lower surface of the semi-annular top frame (3-2).

5. A method for dismantling small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The suspension point height adjustment mechanism (4) comprises a plurality of extended pillars evenly distributed on a semi-annular top frame (3-2), the extended pillars comprising a column (4-1) and a vertical top screw (4-2) passing through the top of the column (4-1), the bottom of the column (4-1) being detachably connected to the semi-annular top frame (3-2) via bolts, and the top of the vertical top screw (4-2) abutting against the lower surface of the upper flange of the intermediate shaft (8).

6. A method for dismantling small and medium-sized hydropower stations and large and medium-sized pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal distance between the hanging points of the two hanging ears (21) is equal to the horizontal distance between the two rails (1).

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