A device and method for testing vehicle dust emission and fine water mist dust reduction effect

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for testing the dust emission from vehicles and the dust reduction effect of fine water mist, and belongs to the field of tunnel ventilation detection technology. A cover plate is provided above the bottom plate of the test device, and the cover plate and the bottom plate form a tunnel space model with one end open and the other end closed. A dust bin is provided at the closed end of the cover plate, and the dust bin is connected to the tunnel space model through a blower. A remote-controlled vehicle model is provided inside the tunnel space model, and simulated dust is laid on the bottom plate. A rotating nozzle is provided inside the cover plate, and a plurality of dust concentration detectors for detecting dust concentration are provided inside the cover plate. The present invention also discloses a test method for the device for testing the dust emission from vehicles and the dust reduction effect of fine water mist. The present invention adopts the above-mentioned device and test method for testing the dust emission from vehicles and the dust reduction effect of fine water mist to effectively simulate the on-site construction environment, test the relationship between the arrangement of the fine water mist nozzle and the dust concentration in the tunnel, and determine the angle and arrangement of the fine water mist nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation detection, and in particular to a device and a method for testing vehicle dust emission and dust reduction effects of fine water mist in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Due to the influence of topographical and geological conditions, the construction of extra-long mountain tunnels often utilizes the drill-and-blast method. Consequently, construction ventilation becomes a critical component of tunnel construction. During the blasting, mucking, and spray-mixing processes, these methods generate significant amounts of dust. Furthermore, because tunnels are semi-enclosed spaces with slow air flow, these dust particles cannot be exhausted by the wind, severely impacting construction efficiency and project progress.

[0003] To speed up construction and improve efficiency, long and large tunnels often rely on mechanized construction. Numerous vehicles, including heavy-duty trucks like muck trucks, excavators, and concrete tankers, operate within the tunnels. The secondary dust generated by these vehicles significantly increases the difficulty of ventilation and dust reduction during tunnel construction. Due to the complexity of the worksite environment, collecting specific dust data on-site is difficult.

[0004] Water mist dust suppression systems are currently a popular dust suppression system. They use high-pressure water mist to absorb and purify dust particles in the air, achieving the desired dust reduction effect. However, water mist dust suppression systems have not yet been implemented during tunnel construction, and their effectiveness remains uncertain. Testing their effectiveness through on-site trials would conflict with normal construction work, impacting the overall project progress. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a device for testing vehicle dust generation and the effectiveness of water mist dust reduction. This device effectively simulates on-site construction environments, tests the relationship between the placement of water mist nozzles and dust concentration within tunnels, and determines the angle and placement of the nozzles. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the device for testing vehicle dust generation and the effectiveness of water mist dust reduction.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a device for testing vehicle dust generation and fine water mist dust reduction effects, comprising a base plate, a cover plate provided above the base plate, the cover plate and the base plate being sealed and fixedly connected, the cover plate and the base plate forming a tunnel space model with one end open and the other end closed, a dust bin provided at the closed end of the cover plate, the dust bin being connected to the tunnel space model through a blower, a remote-controlled vehicle model provided inside the tunnel space model, simulated dust laid on the base plate, a rotating nozzle provided inside the cover plate, and a plurality of dust concentration detectors for detecting dust concentration provided inside the cover plate.

[0007] Preferably, the cover plate is transparent organic glass.

[0008] Preferably, an inserting plate is provided below the cover plate, the inserting plate is located above the bottom plate, the vehicle model is located above the inserting plate, and the simulated dust is laid on the inserting plate; the inserting plate and the bottom plate are sealed by a sealing tape.

[0009] Preferably, the inserting plate is in the shape of a disk with a U-shaped cross section.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of rollers are provided at the bottom of the base plate.

[0011] The method for testing the dust emission and dust suppression effect of the device for testing vehicles comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1. Add simulated dust into the dust bin and spread the simulated dust on the plugboard;

[0013] S2. Start the blower to send the simulated dust in the dust bin into the tunnel space model; and simultaneously start the vehicle model to move on the plugboard;

[0014] S3. After the dust concentration is detected to be stable by the dust concentration detector, the nozzle is turned on to reduce dust, and the dust concentration at each position of the tunnel space model is detected by the dust concentration detector;

[0015] S4. Adjust the position, angle and spray mode of the nozzle, repeat steps S1-S3, and compare the detection results of the dust concentration detector to determine the installation position, angle and spray mode of the nozzle.

[0016] The advantages and positive effects of the device and method for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust reduction effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The closed end of the cover is equipped with a dust bin and blower to effectively simulate the tunnel air environment during construction. By adjusting the blower power and the dust content in the dust bin, the dust conditions of different construction processes can be simulated, with strong adaptability. Simulated dust is laid on the plugboard, and a vehicle model is installed on the plugboard to simulate the secondary dust caused by different vehicles and different speeds during driving.

[0018] 2. The nozzle described in the present invention uses an existing nozzle structure with adjustable angle and adjustable water spray form, which is used to study the dust removal effect of different water spray angles and different water spray forms to determine the best nozzle installation and working method.

[0019] 3. Use dust concentration detector to detect dust content in real time, and compare the dust removal effect of straight pipe and nozzle.

[0020] 4. The bottom plate and the plug-in board are sealed with sealant to prevent airflow from the gap and improve the accuracy of the test.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device and a testing method for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust reduction effects of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional perspective view of an embodiment of a device and method for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust reduction effects according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional front view of an embodiment of a device and a method for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust reduction effects according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure of an embodiment of a device and a testing method for testing vehicle dust emission and fine water mist dust reduction effects of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals

[0027] 1. Base plate; 2. Cover plate; 3. Insert plate; 4. Vehicle model; 5. Dust bin; 6. Blower; 7. Nozzle; 8. Dust concentration detector; 9. Roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0030] Example

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a device and method for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust reduction effects according to the present invention. Figure 2This is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of an embodiment of a device and method for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust reduction effects according to the present invention. Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional front view of an embodiment of a device and a test method for testing vehicle dust emission and fine water mist dust reduction effects. As shown in the figure, a device for testing vehicle dust emission and fine water mist dust reduction effects comprises a base plate 1, a cover plate 2 is provided above the base plate 1, and the cover plate 2 is sealed and fixedly connected to the base plate 1. The cover plate 2 and the base plate 1 are sealed and fixedly connected by gluing and sealing, or by adopting a sealing and fixed connection method in which the cover plate 2 and the base plate 1 are integrally structured. The cover plate 2 and the base plate 1 form a tunnel space model with one end open and the other end closed. The length and width of the tunnel space model are in a certain ratio to the length and width of the tunnel under study. In this embodiment, the ratio of the length and width of the tunnel space model to the actual length and width of the tunnel under study is 1:14, so as to improve the accuracy of the simulation detection.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate 1 structure of an embodiment of the present invention's apparatus and method for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust suppression. As shown, the cover plate 2 is made of transparent organic glass, which not only provides high strength but also facilitates observation of the interior of the cover plate 2. Several rollers 9 are installed at the bottom of the base plate 1 to facilitate its movement.

[0033] A dust bin 5 is located at one end of the closed cover 2, connected to the tunnel model via a blower 6. This dust bin 5 and blower 6 simulate the dust conditions within the tunnel. The simulated dust stored in the dust bin 5 is fly ash. A remote-controlled vehicle model 4 is located within the tunnel model, selected based on the actual vehicle.

[0034] Below the cover plate 2 is a plug-in plate 3, positioned above the base plate 1. A vehicle model 4 is positioned above the plug-in plate 3, and simulated dust is applied to the plate. The simulated dust is fly ash of varying quality, depending on the application. A rubber sealing tape is used to seal the connection between the plug-in plate 3 and the base plate 1. The sealing tape is glued to the plug-in plate 3 and the base plate 1, sealing the joint between the base plate 1 and the plug-in plate 3 and preventing airflow from escaping through the gap between the base plate 1 and the plug-in plate 3, thereby improving measurement accuracy.

[0035] The inserting plate 3 is in the shape of a disk with a U-shaped cross section, and the simulated dust can be laid inside the inserting plate 3, which facilitates the laying of the simulated dust.

[0036] A rotating nozzle 7 is provided inside the cover plate 2. The nozzle 7 adopts the existing nozzle 7 structure with adjustable direction and adjustable spraying mode, which is convenient for adjusting the angle and spraying mode of the nozzle 7 and studying the dust treatment effect of the nozzle 7 with different directions and different spraying modes.

[0037] A plurality of dust concentration detectors 8 for detecting dust concentration are provided inside the cover plate 2 , and the dust concentration detectors 8 are of an existing structure.

[0038] The method for testing the dust emission and dust suppression effect of the device for testing vehicles comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1. Add a certain amount of simulated dust into the dust bin 5 according to the required dust amount, and lay the simulated dust on the inserting plate 3 according to the actual industrial and mining conditions.

[0040] S2. Start blower 6, which delivers simulated dust from dust bin 5 into the tunnel model to simulate the dust conditions within the tunnel. Simultaneously, start vehicle model 4, which moves across plate 3 at varying speeds to simulate secondary dust generated by construction vehicles.

[0041] S3. After the dust concentration is detected to be stable by the dust concentration detector 8, the nozzle 7 is turned on to reduce dust, and the dust concentration at each position of the tunnel space model is detected by the dust concentration detector 8.

[0042] S4. Adjust the position, angle and spray mode of the nozzle 7, repeat steps S1-S3, and compare the detection results of the dust concentration detector 8 to determine the optimal installation position, angle and spray mode of the nozzle 7, which has practical guiding significance for the dust reduction effect of the fine water mist nozzle 7 on secondary dust and dust during actual tunnel construction.

[0043] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned device and method for testing vehicle dust and fine water mist dust reduction effects to effectively simulate the on-site construction environment, test the relationship between the arrangement of fine water mist nozzles and the dust concentration in the tunnel, and determine the angle and arrangement of the fine water mist nozzles.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust suppression effects, characterized by: The invention comprises a base plate, a cover plate is provided above the base plate, the cover plate is sealed and fixedly connected to the base plate, and the cover plate and the base plate form a tunnel space model with an open end and a closed end. A dust bin is provided at the closed end of the cover plate, and the dust bin is connected to the tunnel space model via a blower. By adjusting the blower power and the dust content in the dust bin, the dust conditions of different construction processes are simulated. A remote-controlled vehicle model is provided inside the tunnel space model, simulated dust is laid on the base plate, a rotating nozzle is provided inside the cover plate, and a plurality of dust concentration detectors for detecting dust concentration are provided inside the cover plate. A plug-in plate is provided below the cover plate, the plug-in plate is located above the bottom plate, the vehicle model is located above the plug-in plate, and simulated dust is laid on the plug-in plate to simulate secondary dust caused by different vehicles and different speeds during vehicle driving; the plug-in plate and the bottom plate are sealed by a sealing tape; The insert plate is in the shape of a disk with a U-shaped cross section; The method for testing the dust emission and dust suppression effect of the device for testing vehicles comprises the following steps: S1. Add simulated dust into the dust bin and spread the simulated dust on the plugboard; S2. Start the blower to send the simulated dust in the dust bin into the tunnel space model; and simultaneously start the vehicle model to move on the plugboard; S3. After the dust concentration is detected to be stable by the dust concentration detector, the nozzle is turned on to reduce dust, and the dust concentration at each position of the tunnel space model is detected by the dust concentration detector; S4. Adjust the dust type, nozzle position, angle and spray mode, repeat steps S1-S3, and compare the detection results of the dust concentration detector to determine the installation position, angle and spray mode of the nozzle.

2. The device for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust suppression effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate is made of transparent organic glass.

3. The device for testing vehicle dust emission and water mist dust suppression effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rollers are arranged at the bottom of the base plate.

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