A method for calculating and estimating remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for calculating and estimating the remaining capacity of a battery based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The method includes recording the battery charge value when the battery is placed in a cabinet, calculating the cumulative charge value of the current charge after the battery is charged, recording the full charge value of the battery after charging is completed, calculating the remaining charge of the battery for the current charge, and reporting it to a cloud platform. The cloud platform determines the battery monitoring status, calculates the battery degradation rate, and estimates the future remaining battery capacity based on the degradation rate. This method can detect the remaining battery capacity and battery degradation, enabling timely replacement and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery swapping, and specifically relates to a method for calculating and estimating the remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Background Technology

[0002] As lithium batteries are used, their capacity gradually decreases, and their charge and discharge performance deteriorates. Currently, the shared battery swapping industry is emerging in China, adopting a user-rented battery model. Companies deploying batteries need to monitor their usage, with remaining battery capacity being a crucial parameter that affects operational costs and service quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for calculating and estimating the remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things technology, which can detect the remaining battery power and battery degradation, and replace and maintain the battery in a timely manner.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for calculating and estimating the remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Battery entry into the cabinet records battery power value: When the user connects a low-power battery to the charging port in the battery swapping cabinet, the battery begins to collect information and enters the charging state.

[0007] S2: Calculate the cumulative charging amount after the battery is charged: obtain the cumulative charging amount of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet;

[0008] S3: Record the battery's full charge level after charging is complete;

[0009] S4: Calculate the remaining battery power for this operation and report it to the cloud platform;

[0010] S5: The cloud platform determines the battery monitoring status, calculates the battery degradation rate, and estimates the remaining battery capacity based on the degradation rate.

[0011] Furthermore, when a low-capacity battery is inserted into the cabinet to begin charging, the battery swapping cabinet, through a high-precision current detection device, can use the discrete integral formula:

[0012]

[0013] The cumulative charging capacity of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet is calculated, where SOHc is the cumulative charging capacity for the current charge, Δt is the current sampling interval, and i k Let be the current value at sampling point k.

[0014] Furthermore, assuming the battery's factory-rated capacity SOH s Battery remaining capacity SOH r The battery's charge level in the cabinet is SOC. r Fully charged to SOC m ;

[0015] When a lithium battery is fully charged, the following formula applies:

[0016] SOH B =(SOC) m -SOC r )×SOH s Formula ②;

[0017] Calculate the required energy capacity of a lithium battery to be fully charged under ideal conditions, where SOH B For power from SOC r Changes to State of Charge (SOC) m Required battery capacity, SOH s The standard capacity is calibrated for lithium batteries before they leave the factory.

[0018] Furthermore, the formula for the remaining capacity of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet after a single charge is as follows:

[0019] SOH r =SOH C ÷SOH B ×SOH s (SOH C ≤SOH B )

[0020] After transformation, we get:

[0021]

[0022] Furthermore, the lithium battery itself has a unique code in its data information. When the battery is charged in the battery swapping cabinet, the remaining capacity of the battery and the charging completion timestamp are reported to the cloud platform. The cloud platform will then statistically manage the remaining capacity information of the same battery.

[0023] Therefore, the relationship between the remaining battery capacity and the timestamp can be represented as:

[0024] C={(SOH1, t1), (SOH2, t2), (SOH3, t3), ..., (SOH n , t n )}

[0025] Where SOH n It is t n The remaining battery capacity is uploaded in real time.

[0026] Furthermore, the formula for the rate of decay of the remaining capacity of the battery is:

[0027]

[0028] Calculate the rate of decay of the remaining battery capacity, where K n From the start of battery use t1 to t n The degradation rate within a time period is calculated, and the set of battery capacity degradation rates is derived as M = {|K1|, |K2|, |K3|, ..., |K...} n |};

[0029] Let ΔK n =K n+1 -K n (n≥1), according to the condition ΔK n ≤K s To determine the battery's condition, K... s This is the threshold for the normal battery degradation rate.

[0030] Furthermore, if the current latest normal decay rate is K n And satisfy the condition ΔK n ≤K s Assuming a future time t n+1 The battery is in normal condition. According to formula ④, we can obtain:

[0031] SOH n+1 =(t n+1 -t1)×K n +SOH1 formula ⑤,

[0032] Then, based on formula ⑤, the current battery state t is estimated. n+1 Battery remaining capacity at time SOH n+1 Monitor the remaining battery capacity.

[0033] Beneficial Effects: This invention can effectively monitor the remaining capacity of batteries launched into the market. Based on this method, batteries with excessively low capacity can be proactively and promptly recycled and maintained, preventing them from disrupting normal market operations and avoiding irreversible cell damage caused by long-term operation. It achieves the goal of battery health status monitoring, enabling full lifecycle management of batteries launched into the market, early intervention in battery product maintenance, and maximizing the economic benefits for battery businesses. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery swapping cabinet of the present invention for acquiring signals from each battery compartment;

[0035] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the prediction method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, a method for calculating and estimating the remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology includes the following steps:

[0038] S1: Battery entry into the cabinet records battery power value: When the user connects a low-power battery to the charging port in the battery swapping cabinet, the battery begins to collect information and enters the charging state.

[0039] S2: Calculate the cumulative charging amount after the battery is charged: obtain the cumulative charging amount of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet;

[0040] S3: Record the battery's full charge level after charging is complete;

[0041] S4: Calculate the remaining battery power for this operation and report it to the cloud platform;

[0042] S5: The cloud platform determines the battery monitoring status, calculates the battery degradation rate, and estimates the remaining battery capacity based on the degradation rate.

[0043] By predicting battery degradation, the remaining capacity of batteries deployed in the market can be effectively monitored. This method allows for the proactive and timely recall and maintenance of batteries with excessively low capacity, preventing them from disrupting normal market operations and avoiding irreversible cell damage caused by prolonged operation. It achieves the goal of battery health monitoring, enabling full lifecycle management of batteries before they hit the market, allowing for early intervention in battery maintenance, and maximizing the economic benefits for battery businesses.

[0044] When a low-capacity battery is placed in the cabinet to begin charging, the battery swapping cabinet uses a high-precision current detection device, which can be calculated using the discrete integral formula:

[0045]

[0046] The cumulative charging capacity of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet is calculated, where SOHc is the cumulative charging capacity for the current charge, Δt is the current sampling interval, and i k Let be the current value at sampling point k.

[0047] Assuming the battery's factory rated capacity SOH s Battery remaining capacity SOH r The battery's charge level in the cabinet is SOC. r Fully charged to SOC m ;

[0048] When a lithium battery is fully charged, the following formula applies:

[0049] SOH B =(SOC) m -SOC r )×SOH s Formula ②;

[0050] Calculate the required energy capacity of a lithium battery to be fully charged under ideal conditions, where SOH B For power from SOC r Changes to State of Charge (SOC) m Required battery capacity, SOH s The standard capacity is calibrated for lithium batteries before they leave the factory.

[0051] From formulas ① and ②, the formula for the remaining capacity of a battery in a single charge at the battery swapping station is:

[0052] SOH r =SOH C ÷SOH B ×SOH s (SOH C ≤SOH B )

[0053] After transformation, we get:

[0054]

[0055] Because lithium batteries have a unique code in their data information, when a battery is connected to the battery swapping cabinet for charging, the battery swapping cabinet control system can identify the battery and manage the charging information of the battery. When the battery completes a charging in the battery swapping cabinet, the remaining capacity of the battery and the charging completion timestamp are reported to the cloud platform. The cloud platform will then manage the remaining capacity information of the same battery.

[0056] Therefore, the relationship between the remaining battery capacity and the timestamp can be represented as:

[0057] C={(SOH1, t1), (SOH2, t2), (SOH3, t3), ..., (SOH n , t n )}

[0058] Where SOH n It is t n The remaining battery capacity is uploaded in real time.

[0059] The formula for the rate of decay of the remaining capacity of a battery is:

[0060]

[0061] Calculate the rate of decay of the remaining battery capacity, where Kn From the start of battery use t1 to t n The degradation rate within a time period is calculated, and the set of battery capacity degradation rates is derived as M = {|K1|, |K2|, |K3|, ..., |K...} n |};

[0062] Let ΔK n =K n+1 -K n (n≥1), according to the condition ΔK n ≤K s To determine the battery's condition, K... s This is the threshold for the normal battery degradation rate.

[0063] Furthermore, if the current latest normal decay rate is K n And satisfy the condition ΔK n ≤K s Assuming a future time t n+1 The battery is in normal condition. According to formula ④, we can obtain:

[0064] SOH n+1 =(t n+1 -t1)×K n +SOH1 formula ⑤,

[0065] Then, based on formula ⑤, the current battery state t is estimated. n+1 Battery remaining capacity at time SOH n+1 By monitoring the remaining capacity of batteries and estimating battery degradation, the remaining capacity of batteries deployed in the market can be effectively monitored, so as to carry out timely maintenance, ensure that the batteries waiting to be replaced still have a large cell activity, ensure the availability of swappable batteries in the market, and thus stabilize the market.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating and estimating the remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Battery entry into the cabinet records battery power value: When the user connects a low-power battery to the charging port in the battery swapping cabinet, the battery begins to collect information and enters the charging state. S2: Calculate the cumulative charging amount after the battery is charged: obtain the cumulative charging amount of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet; S3: Record the battery's full charge level after charging is complete; S4: Calculate the remaining battery power for this operation and report it to the cloud platform; S5: The cloud platform determines the battery monitoring status, calculates the battery degradation rate, and estimates the remaining battery capacity based on the degradation rate. Each lithium battery has a unique code in its data information. When the battery is charged in the battery swapping cabinet, the remaining capacity of the battery and the charging completion timestamp are reported to the cloud platform. The cloud platform will then statistically manage the remaining capacity information of the same battery. Therefore, the relationship between the remaining battery capacity and the timestamp can be represented as: C={(SOH1,t1),(SOH2,t2),(SOH3,t3),…,(SOH n ,t n )} Where SOH n It is t n The remaining battery capacity is uploaded in real time; The formula for the rate of decay of the remaining capacity of a battery is: Calculate the rate of decay of the remaining battery capacity, where K n From the start of battery use t1 to t n The degradation rate within a time period is calculated, and the set of battery capacity degradation rates is derived as M = {|K1|, |K2|, |K3|, ..., |K...} n |}; Let ΔK n =K n+1 -K n (n≥1), according to the condition ΔK n ≤K s To determine the battery's condition, K... s This is the threshold for the normal battery degradation rate. If the current latest normal decay rate is K n And satisfy the condition ΔK n ≤K s Assuming a future time t n+1 The battery is in normal condition. According to formula ④, we can obtain: SOH n+1 =(t n+1 -t1)×K n +SOH1 Formula ⑤, Then, based on formula ⑤, the current battery state t is estimated. n+1 Battery remaining capacity at time SOH n+1 Monitor the remaining battery capacity.

2. The method for calculating and estimating the remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a low-capacity battery is placed in the cabinet to begin charging, the battery swapping cabinet uses a high-precision current detection device, which can be calculated using the discrete integral formula: The cumulative charging capacity of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet is calculated, where SOHc is the cumulative charging capacity for the current charge, Δt is the current sampling interval, and i k Let be the current value at sampling point k.

3. The method for calculating and estimating the remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: Assuming the battery's factory rated capacity SOH s Battery remaining capacity SOH r The battery's charge level in the cabinet is SOC. r Fully charged to SOC m ; When a lithium battery is fully charged, the following formula applies: SOH B =(SOC) m -SOC r )×SOH s Formula ②; Calculate the required energy capacity of a lithium battery to be fully charged under ideal conditions, where SOH B For power from SOC r Changes to State of Charge (SOC) m Required battery capacity, SOH s The standard capacity is calibrated for lithium batteries before they leave the factory.

4. The method for calculating and estimating the remaining battery capacity based on Internet of Things technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The formula for the remaining capacity of a battery in a single charge at the battery swapping station is: SOH r =SOH C ÷SOH B ×SOH s (SOH C ≤SOH B ) After transformation, we get:

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