Special medical food supervision method and system based on blockchain technology

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for supervising special medical foods based on blockchain technology. The method includes: setting up a management chain; setting up a business chain; a hyperledger uploading information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node in the business chain via chaincode execution; calculating the credit score of each blockchain node; selecting at least one data issuing node from the blockchain nodes based on the credit score; uploading information data generated at each stage to the corresponding management node through the data issuing node; and the management node judging whether the supervised object has anomalies in the corresponding stage according to preset supervision rules based on the received information data, and automatically executing corresponding supervision and enforcement measures according to the judgment result. This invention, based on the characteristics of special medical food supervision and using blockchain technology, realizes intelligent supervision of special medical food production enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data sharing technology, and specifically to a method and system for supervising special medical foods based on blockchain technology. Background Technology

[0002] Foods for Special Medical Purposes (MSPs) are specially formulated and processed foods designed to meet the specific nutritional or dietary needs of patients with restricted food intake, metabolic disorders, malabsorption, or specific diseases. Infant formula is also a major category of MSPs. Food safety is a crucial aspect of safeguarding public health and building a quality-driven and healthy China. The safety of MSPs is particularly important because they target vulnerable groups such as patients and infants who often lack self-protection awareness or abilities.

[0003] Currently, most domestic manufacturers operate in an open-loop model for the formulation process of special medical foods. The entire process relies on paper documents for information transmission. These paper documents are easily tampered with or forged. The data generation and updating process is opaque, and the integrity of the data is difficult to protect effectively. This leads to data insecurity and unreliability issues, increasing the difficulty of market supervision. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and system for supervising special medical foods based on blockchain technology. According to the characteristics of special medical food supervision, based on blockchain technology, it establishes enterprise credit files through "one file per enterprise" and uses a credit supervision model to realize intelligent and information-based supervision of special medical food production enterprises, improve the efficiency of market supervision, and effectively protect the health of the public.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for regulating special medical foods based on blockchain technology is provided, including:

[0007] A management chain is set up, which includes management nodes corresponding to the regulatory departments at each stage of the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods.

[0008] A business chain is set up, with each link in the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods corresponding to one business chain, and each business chain includes a blockchain node set up for the regulatory business of each link;

[0009] Hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode.

[0010] Calculate the credit score for each of the blockchain nodes;

[0011] At least one data sending node is selected from each of the blockchain nodes based on the credit score;

[0012] Through the data sending node, the information data generated at each stage is uploaded to the corresponding management node;

[0013] Based on the received information data, the management node judges whether the regulated object has any abnormalities in the corresponding stage according to the preset regulatory rules, and automatically executes the corresponding regulatory enforcement measures according to the judgment result.

[0014] Preferably, the business chain is a parachain established by the public chain Polkadot.

[0015] Preferably, the information data includes first information data generated during the procurement of raw materials for special medical foods. This first information data includes raw material and / or material procurement information data, as well as ingredient weighing and / or feeding information data. The hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node via chaincode execution, including:

[0016] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the raw material and / or material procurement information data generated during the procurement of raw materials for special medical foods to the first blockchain node corresponding to the supervision of raw material and / or material procurement.

[0017] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the ingredient weighing and / or feeding information data generated in the procurement process of raw materials for special medical foods to the second blockchain node set up for the supervision business of ingredient weighing and / or feeding data;

[0018] The connection between the first blockchain node and the second blockchain node constitutes the first business chain corresponding to the supervision of the procurement of raw materials for special medical foods.

[0019] Preferably, the production information data includes second production information data generated during the production of medical foods. This second production information data includes production batch, production temperature, raw material and / or ingredient premixing ratio, medical food dosage form, sterilization status, factory inspection, and packaging information data. The hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node via chaincode execution, including:

[0020] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the production batch information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the second blockchain node corresponding to the production batch supervision business, and,

[0021] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the production temperature information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the third blockchain node corresponding to the production temperature monitoring business, and

[0022] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the raw material and / or ingredient premixing ratio information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the fourth blockchain node corresponding to the premixing ratio supervision business, and,

[0023] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the dosage form information data of special medical foods generated during the production process to the fifth blockchain node corresponding to the regulatory business of special medical food dosage forms, and...

[0024] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload sterilization information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the sixth blockchain node corresponding to the sterilization monitoring business, and...

[0025] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the factory inspection information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the seventh blockchain node corresponding to the factory inspection supervision business, and...

[0026] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the packaging information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the eighth blockchain node corresponding to the packaging supervision business.

[0027] The first to eighth blockchain nodes are connected to form the second business chain corresponding to the supervision of the production process of special medical foods.

[0028] Preferably, the production information data includes third-party production information data generated during the transportation of special medical foods. This third-party production information data includes information data on the vehicles transporting the special medical foods and information data on the transported objects. The hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node via chaincode execution, including:

[0029] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the transport vehicle information data generated during the transportation of special medical foods to the ninth blockchain node corresponding to the vehicle supervision business, and...

[0030] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the transportation object information data generated during the transportation of special medical foods to the tenth blockchain node corresponding to the supervision business of the transportation object.

[0031] The ninth and tenth blockchain nodes are connected to form the third business chain corresponding to the supervision of the transportation of special medical foods.

[0032] Preferably, the production information data includes fourth production information data generated during the storage of special medical foods. This fourth production information data includes storage environment information data and storage object information data for the special medical foods. The hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode, including:

[0033] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the storage environment information data generated during the storage of special medical foods to the eleventh blockchain node corresponding to the storage environment supervision business, and...

[0034] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the storage object data generated during the storage of special medical foods to the twelfth blockchain node set up for the supervision of the storage objects.

[0035] The connection between the eleventh and twelfth blockchain nodes constitutes the fourth business chain corresponding to the supervision of the storage of special medical foods.

[0036] Preferably, the production information data includes fifth production information data generated during the sales process of special medical foods. This fifth production information data includes sales information data and target customer information data for special medical foods. The hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node via chaincode execution, including:

[0037] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload sales information data generated during the sales process of special medical foods to the thirteenth blockchain node corresponding to the sales supervision business, and...

[0038] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the sales target information data generated during the sales process of special medical foods to the fourteenth blockchain node corresponding to the sales target supervision business.

[0039] The connection between the thirteenth and fourteenth blockchain nodes constitutes the fifth business chain corresponding to the supervision of the sales process of special medical foods.

[0040] Preferably, the information data generated in each stage includes main data and index data for indexing the main data. The Hyperledger uploads the index data to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode, and stores the main data with index relationships in the cloud database.

[0041] Preferably, the credit score of each blockchain node is calculated using the following formula (1):

[0042]

[0043] In formula (1), v represents the credit score;

[0044] wp w s These represent the weights of the production management score and supervision management score calculated for the blockchain node in the calculation of the credit score v, respectively.

[0045] v i This represents the value of the i-th production management risk factor in the enterprise production management risk dataset stored in the blockchain node;

[0046] v j This represents the value of the j-th supervisory and management risk factor in the enterprise supervisory and management risk dataset stored in the blockchain node;

[0047] w i This indicates the weight of the i-th production management risk factor in calculating the production management score;

[0048] w j This indicates the weight of the j-th supervisory and management risk factor in calculating the supervisory and management score;

[0049] n represents the number of production management risk factors in the enterprise production management risk dataset;

[0050] m represents the number of supervisory and management risk factors in the enterprise supervisory and management risk dataset.

[0051] This invention also provides a special medical food supervision system based on blockchain technology, comprising:

[0052] The management chain setting module is used to set up the management chain, which includes the management nodes corresponding to the regulatory departments for each link in the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods.

[0053] The business chain setting module is used to set up business chains. Each link in the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods corresponds to one business chain. Each business chain includes a blockchain node set up for the regulatory business of each link.

[0054] The data acquisition module is used to collect information data generated at each stage.

[0055] The first data upload module connects the data acquisition module and the business chain setting module, and is used to upload the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode through Hyperledger.

[0056] A credit score calculation module is used to calculate the credit score of each blockchain node;

[0057] The data sending node determination module is connected to the credit score calculation module and is used to select at least one data sending node from each of the blockchain nodes based on the credit score.

[0058] The second data upload module connects the data sending node determination module and the data acquisition module, and is used to upload the information data generated at each stage to the corresponding management node through the data sending node;

[0059] The judgment module is used to judge whether the supervised object has any abnormality in the corresponding link based on the information data uploaded to the management node and according to the preset supervision rules.

[0060] The regulatory enforcement module, connected to the judgment module, is used to automatically execute corresponding regulatory enforcement measures when an anomaly is determined.

[0061] Based on the characteristics of special medical food supervision, this invention establishes enterprise credit files through "one file per enterprise" and uses a credit supervision model to achieve intelligent and information-based supervision of special medical food production enterprises, thereby improving market supervision efficiency and effectively protecting public health. Attached Figure Description

[0062] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for supervising special medical foods based on blockchain technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a special medical food supervision system based on blockchain technology provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 3 This is the regulatory logic diagram of the special medical food regulatory system provided in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0067] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0068] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0070] Blockchain technology has natural advantages in the field of food safety. Market supervision is characterized by its comprehensive coverage, diverse data structures, complex relationships, and the inclusion of massive amounts of personal privacy and state secrets. After data integration and collection, it includes certification and accreditation, quality, special equipment, standardization, metrology, quality supervision, administrative law enforcement, administrative licensing, and enterprise information, involving numerous resource categories and facing significant data security risks.

[0071] In blockchain-based market supervision applications, various people and equipment are assigned corresponding digital tags. For example, people (purchasing staff, material handlers, quality control personnel, R&D personnel, quality inspectors, quality managers, etc.), equipment (mixing tanks, emulsifying tanks, high-speed premixing cylinders, sealing machines, etc.), and auxiliary equipment will all bear digital tags. For these tagged market supervision data, classified and graded protection measures are required, using technologies such as data anonymization, data encryption, and blockchain to achieve secure protection and traceability of shared market supervision data. To improve the effectiveness of supervision, different stages of market supervision require the collection, organization, and utilization of tamper-proof enterprise data (including basic enterprise information data, production information data, enterprise credit data, etc.). Blockchain technology has significant advantages in solving common challenges faced by market supervision, such as data silos, data authentication, data ownership confirmation, product traceability, and trust building.

[0072] Blockchain technology is essentially a decentralized database ledger, a novel application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, peer-to-peer transmission, consensus mechanisms, and encryption algorithms. Blockchain boasts advantages such as trustlessness, decentralization, transparency, data reliability, immutability, privacy protection, and information traceability. Currently, the safety supervision of special medical foods suffers from opaque data update processes and ineffective protection of data integrity, leading to data insecurity and untrustworthiness issues. Leveraging the decentralized, collectively maintained, highly reliable, and traceable advantages of blockchain technology, its application in the supervision of special medical foods can significantly improve the effectiveness of market supervision and is expected to greatly enhance consumer trust in these foods.

[0073] The method of applying blockchain technology to the field of special medical food supervision in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0074] First, the application requirements, application scenarios, and functional components are analyzed; then, the application is designed and implemented; and finally, the application is evaluated and optimized. This invention is essentially an innovative market supervision model supported by blockchain. It leverages the core function of blockchain's "distributed ledger" to achieve "credit registration" for market supervision, while utilizing blockchain's "smart contracts" to "empower" diverse regulatory bodies and employing blockchain code-level governance to achieve process-based supervision.

[0075] Application requirements analysis involves analyzing the business pain points that blockchain technology can solve to determine whether blockchain should be adopted and which application scenarios to select. This includes analysis and identification, comprehensive classification, matching and mapping, and summarization. Application scenario analysis includes business process analysis and design, and the design, implementation, testing, and operation of business processes on the blockchain. Functional component analysis involves analyzing the specific functions that each functional module of the application software wants to achieve, such as ensuring data consistency.

[0076] Application design includes business architecture, logical architecture, physical architecture, data architecture, technical architecture, and account architecture design. Key concerns in application implementation include KYC (Know Your Customer), monitoring and auditing, data security, and privacy protection requirements.

[0077] Assessment and optimization: Evaluate and supervise special medical food production enterprises from the perspectives of business, technology, social benefits, and blockchain governance; establish a feedback mechanism to achieve flexible control and continuous iterative optimization throughout the strategic process.

[0078] Blockchain services include the following two aspects: (1) Blockchain service security and operation managers: Production enterprises improve the level of business digitalization, deepen the application of new-generation information technology in product / service, R&D design, production control, operation management, market services and other links, and gradually improve the digitalization, networking and intelligence level of each business link. (2) Blockchain service deployment and regulators: Regulatory departments improve the level of business integration and fusion, cross-departmental, cross-business link and cross-level business integration operation and collaborative optimization, and systematically promote business integration and fusion according to the dimensions of vertical control, value chain, product life cycle, etc., to realize data-driven collaborative optimization and dynamic control between product life cycle management links.

[0079] Blockchain service activities: Using blockchain services through clients to perform blockchain business; using blockchain services through command-line interface configuration tools, script auto-execution, and API.

[0080] Testing services: Generate a number of simulated users to conduct tests; in consortium blockchains and private blockchains, allow blockchain services to authenticate users and grant access permissions to testers; meet the testing needs of business and technical requirements.

[0081] Node management: Configure and control node functions such as ledger, consensus, data encryption, and identity recognition; manage access control for shared data between different blockchain service clients on the same node; manage and verify transactions, and maintain consistent ledger data writing status; ensure that the blockchain network topology supports the dynamic addition and removal of nodes.

[0082] Cross-chain connectivity: Provides blockchain data exchange services. It integrates existing blockchain applications with blockchain service providers and regulators, including establishing business data mappings between existing target systems and blockchain applications; enabling existing target systems to invoke blockchain input and processing services; providing access permissions to blockchain service users; and defining and implementing security-related requirements such as data flow confidentiality and integrity.

[0083] In short, this invention utilizes blockchain technology to achieve effective supervision of special medical food production enterprises. The core data includes production logs, access information, and evaluation and optimization information. The blockchain service encompasses both blockchain service security and operation managers, and blockchain service deployment and supervision. Within the blockchain main chain, the distributed ledger, tamper-proof credit registration, decentralization, and elimination of data silos are leveraged to upload production enterprise data to the chain, enabling "on-chain governance" of market supervision processes such as administrative approval, registration, credit supervision, transaction supervision, and law enforcement inspection.

[0084] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown in the embodiments of the present invention, the special medical food supervision method based on blockchain technology mainly includes aspects such as blockchain platform and data collection, optimized endorsement, data acquisition and storage, regulatory rules and regulatory enforcement, node management, and "on-chain governance".

[0085] The specific construction process of blockchain platform and data acquisition, i.e., blockchain service activities, includes the following steps:

[0086] Step A1: Add an embedded microcontroller (chip) to the existing information acquisition sensors and connect it to a memory to store and buffer information data generated during the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales, and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods. After receiving an externally input data acquisition command, the microcontroller controls the corresponding information acquisition sensors to collect information data generated in the corresponding stage. The information acquisition sensors then store the collected data in the memory.

[0087] Step A2: Select Hyperledger Fabric as the platform for building the system's blockchain network. Hyperledger Fabric uploads collected information data to various blockchain nodes by executing chaincode (i.e., smart contracts, which are the medium for interaction between upper-layer applications and the underlying blockchain platform). Smart contracts are web servers; these servers are not hosted on the internet using IP addresses, but rather on the blockchain (ChainNova), allowing specific contract programs to run on them. IBM-led Hyperledger Fabric is currently a relatively mature consortium blockchain framework platform with a large number of participants. Therefore, this embodiment uses the Hyperledger project as the underlying blockchain platform for the special medical food regulatory system.

[0088] Step A3: Process the raw information data at the data layer, and upload the collected information data to the blockchain after filtering. The filtering principle is to upload data that is valuable, has sharing needs, has collaborative processing needs, and has audit requirements. In this embodiment, the data upload method varies depending on the data category. It may be done by: plain text, formatting (constructing an XML object), hash digest (using IPFS distributed storage technology to cut large files into many small blocks and then distributing the small blocks across multiple servers), encryption (for confidential and sensitive data, symmetric encryption is used, and the encryption key is different for each file. The key is encrypted with the public key of the party uploading the blockchain, and only the private key holder can decrypt the symmetric key. The symmetric key is then used to decrypt the data on the blockchain. SSL encryption is mainly used to ensure data security. Digital certificates are issued and managed by an authoritative institution—a Certificate Authority (CA)—and digital signatures are generated using hash operations to confirm the reliability of the digital certificates. CA verification uses the RSA algorithm, one of the asymmetric encryption methods approved by the State Cryptography Administration, as the public key encryption algorithm) before uploading the data to the blockchain.

[0089] Step A4: Ensuring the integrity and timeliness of propagation at the network layer: The public blockchain Polkadot can use its protocol to establish parachains. As long as these parachains are built on the Polkadot foundation, they will share the same Proof-of-Authority (PoA) consensus. Polkadot is a collection of heterogeneous blockchains that connect currently independent blockchains, enabling communication and data transfer between different blockchains. Therefore, Polkadot can be used to integrate the various stages of raw material procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales, and consumption of special medical foods into a multi-chain state, enabling communication and data transfer to achieve connectivity in the production process.

[0090] Step A5: At the consensus layer, all nodes in the blockchain network can recognize and adhere to unified rules to update the blockchain ledger. The consensus algorithm determines the system's operational efficiency and robustness, i.e., fault tolerance. Firstly, a blockchain is an intelligent peer-to-peer network that uses a distributed database to identify, disseminate, and record information. In a narrow sense, it is a distributed database. Structurally, it is a linked list that connects data blocks in chronological order. Each node on the chain is a block. Blocks are typically packaged together using a binary tree (such as a Merkle Tree) to form a summarized hash value. Adding a timestamp creates a unique identifier for each block. Special medical foods, from raw material procurement to production, transportation, storage, sales, and consumption, involve data nodes such as raw material procurement, ingredient weighing and feeding, production batches, production temperature, premixing, dosage forms (solution filling, spray drying, or granulation, etc.), sterilization, factory inspection, packaging, transportation, storage, and sales. These data nodes can all affect product quality and provide traceability information in case of product quality issues. Therefore, besides processing the information collection process, the sheer volume of data from various stages of the production and sales of special medical foods means that a single data chain encompassing only one production process (such as a single product testing data chain) is insufficient to meet regulatory requirements. Furthermore, while high redundancy increases the consistency, transparency, and availability of the blockchain system, it also places immense storage pressure on the nodes, reducing scalability and hindering application effectiveness. Secondly, unlike off-chain storage, on-chain storage does not rely on off-chain data storage systems to share the storage burden. It also does not require each node to store a complete blockchain ledger; instead, each node stores only a relevant portion of the ledger according to pre-defined rules. Considering that the nodes in the production and sales stages of special medical foods are relatively stable and do not change frequently, this aligns perfectly with the registration, authorization, and access strategy of consortium blockchains. On a consortium blockchain, by introducing the concepts of verifiable random functions and enterprise credit scores (used as weights in node lottery) into the endorsement process of Hyperledger, the consensus process is optimized, while also giving Hyperledger Byzantine fault tolerance. Physical nodes are proportionally divided into different endorsement nodes based on their credit scores, allowing the endorsement process to run in parallel, improving the system's credibility and operational efficiency. In this embodiment, the function of the endorsement nodes is to upload data from the business chain to the corresponding management node of the regulatory authority, ensuring the realization of government credibility.

[0091] Step A6: Applying the VRF algorithm to the endorsement and ordering processes of the Hyperledger consensus process enables network-wide notarization without disclosing the private key. A Verifiable Random Function (VRF) is an application combining public-key algorithms and hash algorithms; it's a lottery mechanism determined by a binomial distribution function. The holder of the private key calculates a random number using hash operations, and then verifies the correctness of the random number using the corresponding public key, thus achieving the purpose of random number verification. By applying the VRF concept to the endorsement and ordering processes of the Hyperledger consensus process, and employing lottery and small-scale PBFT algorithm processing during the ordering service, the system throughput is significantly improved while ensuring latency, and Hyperledger gains a certain degree of Byzantine fault tolerance. Furthermore, combining VRF and Chinese national cryptographic algorithms, a verifiable random algorithm based on the Chinese national cryptographic algorithms SM2 and SM3 is used, directly utilizing existing generation and verification functions. The generation algorithm process includes: inputting the original message M; outputting a random number E and proof information P; 1. generating a key pair (PK, SK) = GenerateKey(); 2. signing the original message M to obtain the digital signature, i.e., the proof information P = Sign(SK, M); 3. setting... 4. Calculation 5. Calculate e = Bit2Int(e). The verification algorithm process includes: inputting the received random number R' and proof information P', public key PK, and outputting whether the verification is correct. 1. 2. Calculation 3. Check if R = Bit2Int(e') is true. If it is true, continue to the next step; otherwise, the verification fails. 4. Calculate whether Verify(PK,M',P') passes.

[0092] The process of optimizing endorsement activities includes the following steps:

[0093] Step B1: Since the selection of endorsement nodes (i.e., nodes that act as data sending nodes, uploading data from blockchain nodes in the business chain to the corresponding management nodes of regulatory authorities) is non-interactive, attackers cannot determine which nodes are endorsement nodes before the client submits an endorsement proposal. To defend against Sybil attacks and in conjunction with the characteristics of authentication and registration in consortium blockchains, the concept of a credit score is introduced. This concept is analogous to Sesame Credit in Alipay. The score is initialized according to the calculation formula specified by the system or organization when a node applies for registration. This credit score is then updated periodically based on performance during operation. The higher a node's credit score, the stronger its reliability, meaning the greater the likelihood that the system will choose this node for endorsement. The credit score calculation scheme is as follows: Production management scores are assessed based on production management risk factors such as the enterprise's license management, quality management system, production environment conditions, control of key processes, incoming goods inspection results, product inspection, management of non-conforming products, and personnel management; supervision and management scores are assessed based on supervision and management risk factors such as the enterprise's supervision and inspection rectification, investigation and handling of violations, supervision and spot checks and risk detection results, safety accidents, complaints and reports, and media reports. The credit score is the sum of the production management score and the supervision and management score.

[0094] By using the VRF (Distributed Verifiable Random Function) as the blockchain consensus algorithm, endorsement nodes are selected from the blockchain nodes in the system, greatly enhancing the degree of decentralization.

[0095] The specific process for establishing data acquisition and storage activities includes the following steps:

[0096] Step C1: Through smart contracts, automatically upload the information of each enterprise entity (including the enterprise's licenses, product categories, business scale, consumer groups, management system, production environment conditions, control of key links, incoming goods inspection results, product inspection, management of non-conforming products, personnel management, etc.), credit score (the credit score is calculated according to step B1, and the credit score is the sum of the production management score and the supervision management score) and real-time production data of the enterprise (including all links of special medical food products from raw material procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales to consumption) to the blockchain;

[0097] Step C2: The data layer is divided into blockchain node data storage and cloud database data storage: In order to improve the system's operating efficiency, the blockchain node stores index information for each link, with a small storage volume; the main data is encrypted and stored in the cloud database through the blockchain's data index, ensuring that the data on the chain is open, transparent and tamper-proof for each node.

[0098] The specific process of establishing regulatory rules and enforcement activities includes the following steps:

[0099] Step D1: Hyperledger Fabric currently supports chaincode development in three programming languages: Go, Java, and Node.js. Different chaincodes have been designed for each stage of the production and market supervision of special medical foods to implement common operations and required functions at each stage. Through code and algorithms, regulatory rules (provisions of policies and regulations, departmental responsibilities, lists of administrative matters, etc., including verification, early warning, emergency handling, and recall) are matched in real time with the behavior and status of the regulated objects (information such as enterprise licenses, product categories, business scale, consumer groups, management systems, production environment conditions, control of key links, incoming goods inspection results, product inspection, management of non-conforming products, and personnel management). The regulatory rules are encoded and stored, and different types of smart contracts are set for different types of regulatory entities, such as access review contracts, credit assessment contracts, incentives for good faith, and penalties for bad faith. For example, the chaincode function functions of the production and supervision system are shown in Table 1 below:

[0100] function name Function get Process Info By ID Query company information by company ID add Process Info Add enterprise environment information get Process Info Query enterprise environmental information Create Process Create production information get Process Query production information Add Food Pack Info Add food packaging information Add Stock Info Add inventory information add Operator Info Add operator information Get Transport Info By ID Search for carrier information by carrier ID add Transporter Info Add transport vehicle information get All Transporter Info Query all transport vehicle information Add Food Transport Info Add cargo transportation status Get Food Transport Info Check cargo transportation status ...... ......

[0101] Table 1

[0102] Step D2: Through the development and deployment of Hyperledger Fabric chaincode, market supervision can be automated at the contract layer via smart contracts. Production information of market entities is uploaded to various nodes of the blockchain in a timely manner. If their behavior or status meets the trigger conditions (credit score: 80-100 for successful verification, 70-80 for warning, 60-70 for emergency handling, and below 60 for recall), the system will immediately trigger the program and automatically execute the contract terms. The preset results are automatically executed through the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain, automating regulatory enforcement such as verification, warning, emergency handling, and recall. For example, in terms of verification, during the registration stage of market entity information and intellectual property rights such as trademarks and patents, the timestamp function is used to encrypt the data twice, recording a reliable registration time. Then, based on the consensus rules of the blockchain itself, the authenticity of the shared market supervision data is verified.

[0103] "On-chain governance" refers to the specific process of establishing cross-chain linking activities, which includes the following steps:

[0104] Step E1: Upgrade the "one enterprise, one file" system for production enterprises (the file includes information such as industrial product production licenses, enterprise commitment letters, basic information of food-related product enterprises, daily supervision status, and credit score determination table) to a credit record of social regulatory entities. Utilize blockchain technology to "empower" regulatory entities and ensure that production data is "on the chain".

[0105] Step E2: Establish various application scenarios at the application layer based on the underlying blockchain technology, such as regulatory applications and production entity quality management applications. Based on the massive, multi-center databases of various market regulatory departments, establish an internal blockchain main chain for market regulation, actively promote the on-chaining of centralized databases from various departments, deeply mine the information value of the data, and drive efficient, intelligent, and precise market regulation with data. This will achieve a significant transformation in regulation driven by blockchain data, realizing "chain-based governance" of market regulation.

[0106] Step E3: Through technical means, ensure that all regulatory bodies can obtain all relevant information about the production and quality inspection of food and drug products by the regulated entities through information disclosure channels. This weakens the absolute regulatory power of relevant government departments. Authorized transparent on-chain information can encourage enterprises to voluntarily comply with the rules. On-chain information becomes the foundation and guarantee for "on-chain governance" to maintain normal market order.

[0107] In summary, the method of applying blockchain technology to the field of special medical food supervision in this invention embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0108] Step S1: Set up a management chain, which includes the management nodes corresponding to the regulatory departments at each stage of the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods.

[0109] Step S2: Set up a business chain. Each link in the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods corresponds to one of the business chains. Each business chain includes a blockchain node set up for the regulatory business of each link. Preferably, the business chain is a parachain established by the public chain Polkadot.

[0110] Step S3: Hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode.

[0111] Step S4: Calculate the credit score for each blockchain node;

[0112] Step S5: Select at least one data issuing node (i.e., the endorsement node mentioned above) from each blockchain node based on the credit score.

[0113] Step S6: Upload the information data generated at each stage to the corresponding management node through the data sending node;

[0114] Step S7: Based on the received information data, the management node judges whether the regulated object has any abnormalities in the corresponding link according to the preset regulatory rules, and automatically executes the corresponding regulatory enforcement measures according to the judgment result.

[0115] The information data includes the initial information data generated during the procurement of raw materials for special medical foods. This initial information data includes raw material and / or material procurement information data, as well as ingredient weighing and / or feeding information data. The Hyperledger will upload the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node through chaincode execution, including:

[0116] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload raw material and / or material procurement information data generated during the procurement of raw materials for special medical foods to the first blockchain node corresponding to the supervision of raw material and / or material procurement, and...

[0117] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the ingredient weighing and / or feeding information data generated during the procurement of raw materials for special medical foods to the second blockchain node set up for the supervision of ingredient weighing and / or feeding data;

[0118] The connection between the first blockchain node and the second blockchain node constitutes the first business chain corresponding to the regulatory business of the procurement of raw materials for special medical foods.

[0119] Production information data also includes secondary production information data generated during the production of medical foods. This secondary production information data includes production batches, production temperatures, raw material and / or ingredient premixing ratios, medical food dosage forms, sterilization status, factory inspection and packaging information data. Hyperledger will upload the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain nodes through chaincode execution, including:

[0120] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload production batch information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the second blockchain node corresponding to the production batch supervision business, and...

[0121] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload production temperature information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the third blockchain node corresponding to the production temperature monitoring business, and

[0122] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the raw material and / or ingredient premixing ratio information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the fourth blockchain node corresponding to the premixing ratio supervision business, and,

[0123] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the dosage form information data of special medical foods generated during the production process to the fifth blockchain node corresponding to the regulatory business of special medical food dosage forms, and...

[0124] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload sterilization information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the sixth blockchain node corresponding to the sterilization monitoring business, and...

[0125] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the factory inspection information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the seventh blockchain node corresponding to the factory inspection supervision business, and...

[0126] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload packaging information data generated during the production of special medical foods to the eighth blockchain node corresponding to the packaging supervision business.

[0127] The first to eighth blockchain nodes are connected to form the second business chain corresponding to the regulatory business of the production process of special medical foods.

[0128] Production information data also includes third-party production information data generated during the transportation of special medical foods. This third-party production information data includes information on the vehicles transporting the special medical foods and information on the transported objects (including product information and manufacturer information of the transported special medical foods). Hyperledger will upload the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain nodes through chaincode execution, including:

[0129] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the transportation vehicle information data generated during the transportation of special medical foods to the ninth blockchain node corresponding to the vehicle supervision business, and...

[0130] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the transportation object information data generated during the transportation of special medical foods to the tenth blockchain node corresponding to the supervision business of the transportation object;

[0131] The ninth and tenth blockchain nodes are connected to form the third business chain corresponding to the supervision of the transportation of special medical foods.

[0132] The production information data also includes fourth production information data generated during the storage of special medical foods. This fourth production information data includes storage environment information and storage object information (including product information and manufacturer information of the stored special medical foods). The Hyperledger will upload the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node via chaincode execution, including:

[0133] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload storage environment information data generated during the storage of special medical foods to the eleventh blockchain node corresponding to the storage environment supervision business, and...

[0134] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the storage object data generated during the storage of special medical foods to the twelfth blockchain node corresponding to the regulatory business of the storage objects.

[0135] The connection between the eleventh and twelfth blockchain nodes constitutes the fourth business chain corresponding to the regulatory business of the storage of special medical foods.

[0136] The production information data also includes fifth production information data generated during the sales process of special medical foods. This fifth production information data includes sales information data and sales target information data for special medical foods (including product information and manufacturer information for the sold special medical foods). The Hyperledger will upload the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node via chaincode execution, including:

[0137] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload sales information data generated during the sales process of special medical foods to the thirteenth blockchain node corresponding to the sales supervision business, and...

[0138] The Hyperledger execution chaincode will upload the sales target information data generated during the sales process of special medical foods to the fourteenth blockchain node corresponding to the sales target supervision business;

[0139] The connection between the thirteenth and fourteenth blockchain nodes constitutes the fifth business chain corresponding to the regulatory business of the sales process of special medical foods.

[0140] To reduce the data storage volume of each blockchain node, preferably, the information data generated in each stage includes main data and index data for indexing the main data. Hyperledger uploads the index data to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode, and stores the main data with index relationships in the cloud database.

[0141] In step S4, the credit score of each blockchain node is calculated using the following formula (1):

[0142]

[0143] In formula (1), v represents the credit score;

[0144] w p w s These represent the weights of the production management score and supervision management score calculated for blockchain nodes in the calculation of the credit score v, respectively.

[0145] v i This represents the value of the i-th production management risk factor in the enterprise production management risk dataset stored in the blockchain node;

[0146] v j This represents the value of the j-th supervisory and management risk factor in the enterprise supervisory and management risk dataset stored in the blockchain node;

[0147] w i This indicates the weight of the i-th production management risk factor in calculating the production management score;

[0148] w jThis indicates the weight of the j-th supervisory and management risk factor in calculating the supervisory and management score;

[0149] n represents the number of production management risk factors in the enterprise's production management risk dataset;

[0150] m represents the number of supervisory and management risk factors in the enterprise supervisory and management risk dataset.

[0151] This invention also provides a special medical food supervision system based on blockchain technology, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0152] The management chain setting module is used to set up the management chain, which includes the management nodes corresponding to the regulatory departments for each link in the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods.

[0153] The business chain setting module is used to set up business chains. Each link in the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of raw materials for special medical foods corresponds to one business chain. Each business chain includes blockchain nodes set up for the regulatory business of each link.

[0154] The data acquisition module is used to collect information data generated at each stage.

[0155] The first data upload module connects the data acquisition module and the business chain setting module. It is used to upload the information data collected at each stage to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode through Hyperledger.

[0156] The credit score calculation module is used to calculate the credit score of each blockchain node;

[0157] The data sending node determination module is connected to the credit score calculation module and is used to select at least one data sending node from each blockchain node based on the credit score.

[0158] The second data upload module connects the data sending node determination module and the data acquisition module. It is used to upload the information data generated at each stage to the corresponding management node through the data sending node.

[0159] The judgment module is used to judge whether the supervised object has any abnormality in the corresponding stage based on the information data uploaded to the management node and according to the preset supervision rules.

[0160] The regulatory execution module, connected to the judgment module, is used to automatically execute corresponding regulatory enforcement measures when an anomaly is detected.

[0161] In summary, based on the characteristics of special medical food supervision and blockchain technology, this invention establishes enterprise credit files through "one file per enterprise" and applies a credit supervision model to achieve intelligent and information-based supervision of special medical food production enterprises, thereby improving market supervision efficiency and effectively protecting public health.

[0162] It should be stated that the above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and variations can be made to the present invention. However, such variations, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, some terminology used in this specification and claims is not limiting, but merely for ease of description.

Claims

1.A special medical food supervision method based on blockchain technology, characterized in that, The application comprises: setting up a management chain, which comprises a management node corresponding to a regulatory department for each link in the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of special medical food raw materials; setting up a business chain, each link in the procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption of special medical food raw materials corresponds to a business chain, and each business chain comprises a blockchain node set up for the supervision business of each link; the hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each link to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode; dynamically updating the credit score of each blockchain node; randomly selecting at least one data sending node from each blockchain node with a credit score greater than a credit score threshold; uploading the information data generated at each link to the corresponding management node through the data sending node; the management node judges whether the regulatory object appears abnormal at the corresponding link based on the received information data according to the preset supervision rules, and automatically executes the corresponding supervision law enforcement means according to the judgment result; the credit score of each blockchain node is calculated by the following formula (1): In equation (1), represents the credit score; , respectively represent the weight of the production management score and the supervision management score calculated for the blockchain node in calculating the credit score ; This represents the first [item] in the enterprise production management risk dataset stored in the blockchain node. The values ​​of each production management risk factor; represents a value of an i-th supervisory risk factor stored in the enterprise supervisory risk dataset of the blockchain node; and represents a value of an i-th supervisory risk factor stored in the enterprise supervisory risk dataset of the blockchain node; and represents the weight of the nth production management risk factor in the calculation of the production management score; represents the weight of the nth production management risk factor in the calculation of the production management score; represents the weight of the i-th supervisory control risk factor in the calculation of the supervisory control score; represents the weight of the i-th supervisory control risk factor in the calculation of the supervisory control score; represents the number of production management risk factors in the production management risk data set of the enterprise; represents the number of the supervision and management risk factors in the supervision and management risk data set of the enterprise. 2.The special health food supervision method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The business chain is a parallel chain Parachain established by the public chain Polkadot. 3.The special health food supervision method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information data includes first information data generated in the procurement link of special medical food raw materials, the first information data includes raw material and / or material procurement information data, and ingredient weighing and / or feeding information data, and the hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each link to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode, which comprises: The hyperledger executes chaincode to upload the raw material and / or material procurement information data generated in the procurement link of special medical food raw materials to the first blockchain node set up for the raw material and / or material procurement supervision business, and The hyperledger executes chaincode to upload the ingredient weighing and / or feeding information data generated in the procurement link of special medical food raw materials to the second blockchain node set up for the ingredient weighing and / or feeding data supervision business; The first blockchain node and the second blockchain node are connected to constitute a first business chain corresponding to the procurement link supervision business of special medical food raw materials. 4.The special health food supervision method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The production information data includes second production information data generated in the production link of special medical food, the second production information data includes production batch, production temperature, raw material and / or ingredient premixing ratio, special medical food dosage form, sterilization condition, factory inspection and packaging information data, and the hyperledger uploads the information data collected at each link to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chaincode, which comprises: The hyperledger executes chaincode to upload the production batch information data generated in the production link of special medical food to the second blockchain node set up for the production batch supervision business, and The hyperledger executes chaincode to upload the production temperature information data generated in the production link of special medical food to the third blockchain node set up for the production temperature supervision business, and The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the raw material and / or ingredient premix ratio information data generated in the special medical food production link to the fourth blockchain node corresponding to the premix ratio supervision business, and The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the special medical food dosage form information data generated in the special medical food production link to the fifth blockchain node corresponding to the special medical food dosage form supervision business, and The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the sterilization condition information data generated in the special medical food production link to the sixth blockchain node corresponding to the sterilization condition supervision business, and The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the factory inspection information data generated in the special medical food production link to the seventh blockchain node corresponding to the factory inspection supervision business, and The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the packaging information data generated in the special medical food production link to the eighth blockchain node corresponding to the packaging supervision business, The first to eighth blockchain nodes are connected to constitute a second business chain corresponding to the special medical food production link supervision business. 5.The special health food supervision method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The production information data includes third production information data generated in the special medical food transportation link, the third production information data includes transportation vehicle information data and transportation object information data of the special medical food, and the super ledger uploads the information data collected in each link to the corresponding blockchain node by executing the chain code, including: The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the transportation vehicle information data generated in the special medical food transportation link to the ninth blockchain node corresponding to the vehicle supervision business, and The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the transportation object information data generated in the special medical food transportation link to the tenth blockchain node corresponding to the transportation object supervision business; The ninth and tenth blockchain nodes are connected to constitute a third business chain corresponding to the special medical food transportation link supervision business. 6.The special health food supervision method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The production information data includes fourth production information data generated in the special medical food storage link, the fourth production information data includes storage environment information data and storage object information data of the special medical food, and the super ledger uploads the information data collected in each link to the corresponding blockchain node by executing the chain code, including: The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the storage environment information data generated in the special medical food storage link to the eleventh blockchain node corresponding to the storage environment supervision business, and The super ledger executes the chain code to upload the storage object data generated in the special medical food storage link to the twelfth blockchain node corresponding to the storage object supervision business; The eleventh and twelfth blockchain nodes are connected to constitute a fourth business chain corresponding to the special medical food storage link supervision business. 7.The special health food supervision method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The production information data includes fifth production information data generated in the special medical food sales link, the fifth production information data includes sales information data and sales object information data of the special medical food, and the super ledger uploads the information data collected in each link to the corresponding blockchain node by executing the chain code, including: The super ledger executes chain code to upload the sales information data generated in the special medical food sales link to the thirteenth blockchain node set up for the sales supervision business, and The super ledger executes chain code to upload the sales object information data generated in the special medical food sales link to the fourteenth blockchain node set up for the sales object supervision business. The thirteenth and fourteenth blockchain nodes are connected to constitute the fifth business chain corresponding to the special medical food sales link supervision business. 8.The special health food supervision method based on blockchain technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information data generated in each link includes subject data and index data for indexing the subject data, and the super ledger uploads the index data to the corresponding blockchain node by executing chain code, and stores the subject data with index relationship in the cloud database. 9.A special medical food supervision system based on a blockchain technology, characterized in that, Comprise: The management chain setting module is used for setting the management chain, and the management chain includes the management node corresponding to the supervision department of each link of special medical food raw material procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption respectively; The business chain setting module is used for setting the business chain, and each link of special medical food raw material procurement, production, transportation, storage, sales and consumption corresponds to a business chain, and each business chain includes a blockchain node set up for the supervision business of each link; The data acquisition module is used for acquiring information data generated in each link; The first data upload module is connected with the data acquisition module and the business chain setting module, and is used for uploading the information data collected in each link to the corresponding blockchain node by super ledger executing chain code; The credit score calculation module is used for dynamically updating the credit score of each blockchain node; The data sending node determination module is connected with the credit score calculation module, and is used for selecting at least one data sending node from the blockchain nodes with credit score greater than the credit score threshold; The second data upload module is connected with the data sending node determination module and the data acquisition module, and is used for uploading the information data generated in each link to the corresponding management node through the data sending node; The judgment module is used for judging whether the supervision object appears abnormal in the corresponding link according to the preset supervision rules based on the information data uploaded to the management node; The supervision execution module is connected with the judgment module, and is used for automatically executing the corresponding supervision law enforcement means when the abnormality is determined; The credit score of each blockchain node is calculated by the following formula (1): In equation (1), represents the credit score; , respectively represent the weight of the production management score and the supervision management score calculated for the blockchain node in calculating the credit score ; This represents the first [item] in the enterprise production management risk dataset stored in the blockchain node. The values ​​of each production management risk factor; a value indicative of a first supervisory risk factor stored in the enterprise supervisory risk dataset of the blockchain node; a value indicative of a first supervisory risk factor stored in the enterprise supervisory risk dataset of the blockchain node; represents the weight of the nth production management risk factor in the calculation of the production management score; represents the weight of the nth production management risk factor in the calculation of the production management score; represents the weight of the i-th supervisory control risk factor in the calculation of the supervisory control score; represents the weight of the i-th supervisory control risk factor in the calculation of the supervisory control score; represents the number of production management risk factors in the production management risk data set of the enterprise; represents the number of the supervisory and management risk factors in the supervisory and management risk data set of the enterprise.

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