An assembled ecological retaining wall and prefabricated formwork suitable for steep slopes

Abstract

The utility model relates to an assembled ecological retaining wall suitable for steep slopes, comprising a base plate and a retaining wall fixedly connected to the base plate, wherein the retaining wall comprises a plurality of column units arranged in a row, and oblique inserts are inserted between adjacent column units; the column units are formed by stacking a plurality of retaining wall sub-modules in sequence from bottom to top, and the side surfaces of the retaining wall sub-modules are formed with inserting grooves corresponding to the oblique inserts; stable clamps connected are arranged between adjacent retaining wall sub-modules, and a reinforcing clamp connected is provided between the lowest retaining wall sub-module and the base plate; compared with the existing technology, the construction period is short, the required components are factory-produced, and it has the characteristics of modularization and batch production. On the basis of improving construction efficiency, the quality is easy to ensure, the various components of the retaining wall system can be prefabricated at the same time, and the base plate can be cast on site when the retaining wall is prefabricated, which saves construction time. Compared with traditional construction methods, its construction repeatability is strong, which is conducive to the proficiency of operators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope retaining walls, and in particular to an assembled ecological retaining wall and a prefabricated template suitable for steep slopes. Background Art

[0002] A retaining wall refers to a structure that supports roadbed fill or hillside soil and prevents the fill or soil from deforming and becoming unstable. In the cross-section of the retaining wall, the part that is in direct contact with the supported soil is called the wall back; the part facing the air opposite to the wall back is called the wall surface; the part that is in direct contact with the foundation is called the base; the top surface of the wall opposite to the base is called the wall top; the front end of the base is called the wall toe; and the rear end of the base is called the wall heel. The shoulder wall or embankment wall is set below a high fill embankment or a steep embankment to prevent the roadbed slope or base from sliding, ensure the stability of the roadbed, and at the same time shrink the fill toe, reduce the amount of fill, reduce demolition and land occupation, and protect existing buildings adjacent to the line.

[0003] Prefabricated structure is one of the structural forms currently advocated. Its advantages are: the main structure is prefabricated in the prefabrication plant, and the various components can be manufactured at the same time and transported to the site for assembly. There are fewer cast-in-place projects, small carbon emissions, more repetitive operations, workers can master the speed quickly, and the construction period is short.

[0004] The formwork of prefabricated structures determines the efficiency of factory prefabrication. Traditional wooden formwork has low precision and is not fully capable of meeting the requirements of prefabricated structures requiring precise installation. In other words, achieving this precision requires a high cost and places high demands on the workers' personal abilities. Furthermore, due to the limitations of wooden formwork, its reuse rate is low, resulting in waste and increasing project costs. For these reasons, it is necessary to optimize the prefabricated structure formwork system and adopt a reusable steel formwork system and corresponding assembly methods.

[0005] Chinese patent No. CN114592537 discloses a pile-plate retaining wall structure and construction method suitable for fill slopes, comprising underground anti-slip piles, above-ground anti-slip piles, connecting beams and precast retaining panels, wherein the underground anti-slip piles are arranged below the ground line and are cylindrical in shape, the above-ground anti-slip piles are arranged above the ground line and are cylindrical in shape as a whole, with an arc-shaped retaining side and a rectangular side facing the air, a connecting beam is arranged at the junction of the underground anti-slip piles, the above-ground anti-slip piles and the ground line, the precast retaining panels are arranged on the rectangular side of the above-ground anti-slip piles, and rectangular limit blocks are fixed on both sides of the above-ground anti-slip piles, the above-ground anti-slip piles are wrapped with anchor bars and then pass through reserved anchor holes arranged on the precast retaining panels for tensioning and locking connection, the gaps in the reserved anchor holes are filled with cement slurry, a reserved channel is longitudinally arranged between two adjacent precast retaining panels, a steel bar plug is built into the reserved channel and is filled and fixed with cement mortar.

[0006] The slope retaining wall disclosed above limits the prefabricated retaining plate by underground anti-slip piles and limit blocks. However, when slope collapse or soil erosion occurs, the position of the underground anti-slip piles is easily shifted over time, thereby affecting the retaining position and retaining effect of the prefabricated retaining plate. At the same time, the underground anti-slip piles require a pile driver to operate, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive during the installation of the prefabricated retaining plate, affecting the overall installation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide an assembled ecological retaining wall and prefabricated formwork suitable for steep slopes, which are simple to install, stable in structure, safe and reliable.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an assembled ecological retaining wall suitable for steep slopes, comprising a base plate and a retaining wall fixedly connected to the base plate, the retaining wall comprising a plurality of column units arranged in rows, and an inclined plug-in plate is inserted between adjacent column units; the column units are formed by stacking a plurality of retaining wall sub-modules in sequence from bottom to top, and a plug-in groove corresponding to the inclined plug-in plate is formed on the side of the retaining wall sub-module; connected stabilizing clamps are provided between adjacent retaining wall sub-modules, and a connected reinforcement clamp is provided between the lowest retaining wall sub-module and the base plate; the inclined plug-in plates between the plurality of column units arranged in a row are inclined, and all the inclined plug-in plates have the same inclination direction, and geobags with grass seeds are placed on the inclined plug-in plates.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the retaining wall submodule is a square structure, the stabilizing hoop and the reinforcing hoop form a corresponding square structure, and a cover plate is provided on the uppermost retaining wall submodule.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the bottom plate is provided with connecting slots and protruding steel bars, the bottom of the retaining wall submodule is inserted into the connecting slots, and the protruding steel bars are inserted into the reinforcement hoop.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the stabilizing clamp is composed of four square orifice plates, which are respectively fitted on the four sides of the retaining wall sub-module, and two rows of matching holes corresponding to the retaining wall sub-module are formed on the square orifice plates.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the reinforcement clamp is composed of 4 angle steels, which are respectively fitted on the four sides of the retaining wall sub-module, and the 4 angle steels are fitted with the bottom plate at the same time, and plug-in holes are formed on both sides of the angle steels.

[0013] A prefabricated formwork, used for prefabricating retaining wall submodules, comprises a bottom formwork, a front formwork, a rear formwork and two side forms, wherein the front formwork, the rear formwork and the two side forms are arranged on the bottom formwork, and the front formwork, the rear formwork and the two side forms form a hollow square structure; a first inward convex platform is formed on the top of the front formwork, the rear formwork and the two side forms, a horizontally arranged second inward convex platform is formed on the bottom of the front formwork, the rear formwork and the two side forms, and inclined reserved protrusions are formed on the side forms.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the front mold and the rear mold are arranged opposite to each other, and the two side molds are arranged opposite to each other, and inclined surfaces inclined at 45° are formed on both sides of the side molds. Inclined surfaces inclined at 45° are also formed on both sides of the front mold and the rear mold, and connecting holes connected to the inclined surfaces of the side molds are formed on the inclined surfaces of the front mold and the rear mold, and the front mold or the rear mold and the side molds are connected by bolts.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a single row of horizontally arranged reserved holes is formed on both the first inwardly convex platform and the second inwardly convex platform.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a square flange is placed above the first inwardly convex platform, a groove is formed in the square flange for prefabricating the bottom protrusion of the retaining wall sub-module, and reserved steel bars are formed on the bottom mold for prefabricating the top slot hole of the retaining wall sub-module, and the bottom protrusion of the retaining wall sub-module corresponds to the top slot hole of the retaining wall sub-module.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, positioning parts for limiting the front mold, the rear mold and the two side molds are also formed on the bottom plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The construction period is short, and the required components are factory-produced, which has the characteristics of modularization and batch production. On the basis of improving construction efficiency, the quality is easy to ensure;

[0020] 2. All components of the retaining wall system can be prefabricated at the same time, and the base plate can be cast on site during the retaining wall prefabrication, saving construction time. Compared with traditional construction methods, its construction is highly repeatable, which is conducive to the operators' proficiency;

[0021] 3. By stabilizing the connection between the clamp and the column, the adjacent retaining wall sub-modules have better connectivity and stability, thereby improving the overall strength of the column unit;

[0022] 4. By reinforcing the connection between the hoop and the column, the connection and stability between the retaining wall sub-module and the base plate are improved, thereby improving the overall strength of the column unit;

[0023] 5. Adjacent retaining wall sub-modules are connected by plug-in between the bottom slots and the top protrusions, so that the adjacent retaining wall sub-modules can be connected under the action of gravity and plug-in, and the height of the column unit can be set according to the actual required height and the number of retaining wall sub-modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the retaining wall submodule;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the retaining wall submodule;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the base plate;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a stable clamp;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the use status of the stable clamp;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the reinforcement hoop;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the use status of the reinforcement hoop;

[0032] Figure 9 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the prefabricated formwork;

[0033] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the prefabricated template;

[0034] Figure numerals: bottom mold 1, side mold 2, front mold 3, rear mold 4, bottom slot 8, top protrusion 9, plug-in slot 10, column 11, column unit 12, inclined insert plate 13, stabilizing clamp 14, bottom plate 15, reinforcement clamp 16, connecting slot 17, protruding steel bar 18, square hole plate 19, matching hole 19-1, angle steel 20, plug-in hole 20-1, cover plate 21, first inner convex platform 22, second inner convex platform 23, inclined surface 24, reserved hole 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] like Figure 1-10As shown, an assembled ecological retaining wall suitable for steep slopes includes a base plate 15 and a retaining wall fixedly connected to the base plate 15, the retaining wall includes a plurality of column units 12 arranged in rows, and oblique inserts 13 are inserted between adjacent column units 12; the column units 12 are stacked in sequence from bottom to top by a plurality of retaining wall sub-modules, and plug-in grooves corresponding to the oblique inserts 13 are formed on the side surfaces of the retaining wall sub-modules; connected stabilizing clamps 14 are provided between adjacent retaining wall sub-modules, and a connected reinforcement clamp 16 is provided between the lowest retaining wall sub-module and the base plate 15; the oblique inserts 13 between the plurality of column units 12 arranged in a row are inclined, and all the oblique inserts 13 have the same inclination direction, and geobags with grass seeds are placed on the oblique inserts 13.

[0037] The length of the base plate 15 is set according to the row direction of the column units 12, and the adjacent column units 12 are connected under the action of the oblique insert plate 13 to form an integrated retaining wall. The height of the column unit 12 is set according to actual needs. According to different terrain and slope requirements, different numbers of retaining wall sub-modules are set to obtain column units 12 of different heights to meet the actual needs of different terrain and slope requirements.

[0038] The stabilizing hoop 14 is used to simultaneously connect to two adjacent retaining wall sub-modules, thereby reinforcing the connection strength between the two adjacent retaining wall sub-modules, so that the retaining wall has better stability during use, and the reinforcing hoop 16 is used to simultaneously connect the base plate 15 and the lowest retaining wall sub-module, thereby reinforcing the connection strength between the base plate 15 and the lowest retaining wall sub-module, so that the lowest retaining wall sub-module has better stability on the base plate 15.

[0039] The retaining wall submodule has a hollow structure, which reduces the material used in the retaining wall submodule without affecting its use, thereby reducing the weight of the retaining wall submodule and facilitating the installation of the retaining wall submodule.

[0040] The retaining wall sub-module is a square structure, and the stabilizing clamp 14 and the reinforcing clamp 16 form a corresponding square structure. A cover plate 21 is provided on the topmost retaining wall sub-module. The stabilizing clamp 14 and the reinforcing clamp 16 are simultaneously connected to the four sides of the retaining wall sub-module, thereby achieving reinforcement and stability of the retaining wall sub-module. The cover plate 21 is snap-connected to the top of the retaining wall sub-module, thereby achieving sealing of the retaining wall sub-module.

[0041] The bottom plate 15 is provided with a connecting slot 17 and a protruding steel bar 18 . The bottom of the retaining wall submodule is inserted into the connecting slot 17 , and the protruding steel bar 18 is inserted into the reinforcement hoop 16 .

[0042] The connecting slot 17 corresponds to the bottom protrusion 9 of the retaining wall sub-module, and the bottom protrusion 9 is inserted into the corresponding connecting slot 17, thereby realizing the positioning of the retaining wall sub-module, and the protruding steel bar 18 is inserted into the insertion hole 20-1 of the reinforcement clamp 16, thereby realizing the positioning of the reinforcement clamp 16.

[0043] The stabilizing clamp 14 is composed of four square orifice plates 19, which are respectively fitted on the four sides of the retaining wall sub-module. Two rows of matching holes 19-1 corresponding to the retaining wall sub-module are formed on the square orifice plates 19. A single row of horizontally arranged columns 11 are formed on the top and bottom of the retaining wall sub-module. Under the action of the two rows of matching holes 19-1, the two rows of columns 11 at the bottom and top of adjacent retaining wall sub-modules are connected at the same time, thereby realizing the connection between adjacent retaining wall sub-modules, and under the action of the four square orifice plates 19, the four sides of the two rows of columns 11 at the bottom and top of adjacent retaining wall sub-modules are connected at the same time, so that the adjacent retaining wall sub-modules have better stability.

[0044] The reinforcement clamp 16 is composed of four angle steels 20, which are respectively arranged on the four sides of the retaining wall sub-module, and the four angle steels 20 are simultaneously fitted with the base plate 15. Plug holes 20-1 are formed on both sides of the angle steel 20. The angle steel 20 is an L-shaped structure. One side of the angle steel 20 is connected to the retaining wall sub-module, and the other side is connected to the base plate 15. The angle steels 20 are plugged into the retaining wall sub-module and the base plate 15, thereby improving the stability between the retaining wall sub-module and the base plate 15.

[0045] A prefabricated formwork, used for prefabricating retaining wall submodules, includes a bottom formwork 1, a front formwork 3, a rear formwork 4 and two side forms 2, wherein the front formwork 3, the rear formwork 4 and the two side forms 2 are arranged on the bottom formwork 1, and the front formwork 3, the rear formwork 4 and the two side forms 2 form a hollow square structure; a first inward convex platform 22 is formed on the top of the front formwork 3, the rear formwork 4 and the two side forms 2, and a horizontally arranged second inward convex platform 23 is formed on the bottom of the front formwork 3, the rear formwork 4 and the two side forms 2, and an inclined reserved protrusion is formed on the side formwork 2.

[0046] The front mold 3, side mold 2, rear mold 4 and side mold 2 are connected in sequence to form a frame structure. The retaining wall sub-module is cast in the frame structure surrounded by the front mold 3, side mold 2, rear mold 4 and side mold 2. The retaining wall sub-module is cast in an inverted manner to facilitate the processing of the top slot hole 8 of the retaining wall sub-module.

[0047] The setting of the first inward convex platform 22 and the second inward convex platform 23 enables a circle of concave step grooves to be formed on the top and top of the retaining wall sub-module after prefabrication, and the middle part of the retaining wall sub-module forms a plug-in groove 10 corresponding to the inclined plug plate 13 under the action of the reserved protrusion of the side mold 2, thereby facilitating the setting of the inclined plug plate 13, and a circle of corresponding columns 11 are set on the top and bottom of the retaining wall sub-module. Under the action of the step groove, the setting of the column 11 does not affect the installation of the inclined plug plate 13.

[0048] The front mold 3 and the rear mold 4 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two side molds 2 are arranged opposite to each other. A 45° inclined surface 24 is formed on both sides of the side mold 2. A 45° inclined surface 24 is also formed on both sides of the front mold 3 and the rear mold 4. Connecting holes that are connected to the inclined surfaces 24 of the side molds 2 are formed on the inclined surfaces 24 of the front mold 3 and the rear mold 4. The front mold 3 or the rear mold 4 is connected to the side mold 2 by bolts.

[0049] The side surfaces of the front mold 3 are simultaneously fitted with the side surfaces of the side mold 2, and under the action of the two 45° side surfaces, the front mold 3 and the side mold 2 are set vertically, and the side surfaces of the front mold 3 and the side surfaces of the side mold 2 are locked by bolts, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the side surfaces of the front mold 3 and the side surfaces of the side mold 2 at the same time.

[0050] Similarly, the two side surfaces of the rear mold 4 are simultaneously fitted with the sides of the side mold 2, and under the action of the two 45° sides, the rear mold 4 and the side mold 2 are set vertically, and the sides of the rear mold 4 and the sides of the side mold 2 are locked by bolts, so that the two side surfaces of the rear mold 4 are fixedly connected with the sides of the side mold 2 at the same time.

[0051] A single row of horizontally arranged reserved holes 25 are formed on the first inward convex platform 22 and the second inward convex platform 23. The reserved holes 25 are used to prefabricate the column 11 inserted into the matching hole 19-1, so that the single row of reserved holes 25 on the first inward convex platform 22 of the retaining wall sub-module and the second inward convex platform 23 of the adjacent retaining wall sub-module are simultaneously connected to the same square orifice plate 19.

[0052] A square flange is placed above the first inwardly convex platform 22, and a groove is formed in the square flange for the prefabricated bottom protrusion 9 of the retaining wall sub-module. Reserved steel bars are formed on the bottom mold 1 for the prefabricated top slot hole 8 of the retaining wall sub-module. The bottom protrusion 9 of the retaining wall sub-module corresponds to the top slot hole 8 of the retaining wall sub-module.

[0053] In actual use, when casting the retaining wall submodule, the square flange 9 is placed on the bottom form 1 of the column unit 12, and is connected to the square flange 9 after the steel cage is lowered, and the square flange 9 is welded to the steel cage.

[0054] A positioning member 1-1 for limiting the front mold 3, the rear mold 4 and the two side molds 2 is also formed on the bottom plate 15. The positioning member 1-1 can be a bolt structure, and the positioning member 1-1 is arranged on the outer ring of the front mold 3, the rear mold 4 and the two side molds 2. Under the action of the positioning member 1-1, the outer walls of the front mold 3, the rear mold 4 and the two side molds 2 are supported, thereby positioning the positions of the front mold 3, the rear mold 4 and the two side molds 2.

[0055] During the assembly process, the retaining wall sub-modules are stacked from bottom to top to form the column unit 12. After the column unit 12 is spliced ​​with the base plate 15, it is fixed with the reinforcement hoop 16, and the cover plate 21 is placed on the top of the column unit 12 to form a closed structure. When installing the inclined insert plate 13, it needs to be installed in layers. After the retaining wall is assembled, a filter layer is laid on the back of the retaining wall, and a geotextile bag with grass seeds is placed on the upper part of the inclined insert plate 13. Before filling, a filter layer is laid on the back of the retaining wall to prevent soil from being discharged by the inclined insert plate.

[0056] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be embodied in the widest possible manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0057] Although this document frequently uses the following terms: bottom mold 1, side mold 2, front mold 3, back mold 4, bottom slot 8, top protrusion 9, plug-in slot 10, column 11, column unit 12, inclined insert plate 13, stabilizing hoop 14, bottom plate 15, reinforcing hoop 16, connecting slot 17, protruding steel bar 18, square hole plate 19, matching hole 19-1, angle steel 20, plug-in hole 20-1, cover plate 21, first inner convex platform 22, second inner convex platform 23, inclined surface 24, reserved hole 25, etc., the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled ecological retaining wall suitable for steep slopes, comprising a base plate (15) and a retaining wall fixedly connected to the base plate (15), characterized in that: The retaining wall comprises a plurality of column units (12) arranged in a row, and an oblique plug plate (13) is inserted between adjacent column units (12); the column unit (12) is formed by stacking a plurality of retaining wall submodules in sequence from bottom to top, and a plug slot (10) corresponding to the oblique plug plate (13) is formed on the side of the retaining wall submodule; a stabilizing clamp (14) connected thereto is provided between adjacent retaining wall submodules, and a reinforcing clamp (16) connected thereto is provided between the lowest retaining wall submodule and the bottom plate (15); the oblique plug plates (13) between the plurality of column units (12) arranged in a row are arranged obliquely, and all the oblique plug plates (13) have the same oblique direction, and a clamp with a The retaining wall submodule is a square structure, and the stabilizing hoop (14) and the reinforcing hoop (16) form a corresponding square structure, and the uppermost retaining wall submodule is provided with a cover plate (21); the bottom plate (15) is provided with a connecting slot (17) and a protruding steel bar (18), the bottom of the retaining wall submodule is inserted into the connecting slot (17), and the protruding steel bar (18) is inserted into the reinforcing hoop (16); the stabilizing hoop (14) is composed of four square hole plates (19), and the four square hole plates (19) are respectively arranged on the four sides of the retaining wall submodule in a fitting manner, and two rows of matching holes (19-1) corresponding to the retaining wall submodule are formed on the square hole plates (19).

2. The assembled ecological retaining wall suitable for steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement hoop (16) is composed of four angle steels (20), which are respectively arranged on the four sides of the retaining wall submodule in a fitted manner, and the four angle steels (20) are also fitted with the bottom plate (15) at the same time, and plug holes (20-1) are formed on both sides of the angle steels (20).

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