A high-energy gas fracturing super-high pressure simulation testing device and equipment

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of oil and gas well development technology, and particularly to a high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation testing device and equipment. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation testing device includes a main body, a fracturing test module, and a detection and control module. The main body includes a wellbore, a buffer cylinder horizontally placed at the bottom of the wellbore, and a short connecting cylinder welded to the middle of the buffer cylinder, with the wellbore and the short connecting cylinder fixedly connected. A flange blind plate is installed at the top of the wellbore. The fracturing test module includes a rupture disc and a fracturing gun. The rupture disc is disposed between the wellbore and the short connecting cylinder. The fracturing gun is disposed inside the wellbore. The detection and control module includes an igniter, a pressure sensor, and a control center. The igniter is disposed inside the fracturing gun, which is filled with high-energy material. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation testing device provided by this invention effectively improves the reliability of test data, reduces the risk of experiments, and lowers the reconstruction cost of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas well development technology, and in particular to a high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Due to variations in geological conditions and well depth, oil and gas wells face different environmental temperatures and fluid column pressures during extraction, making accurate surface simulation difficult. Furthermore, high-energy gas fracturing involves the design and use of ultra-high pressure (>50 MPa) vessels, posing significant risks during testing and making it unsuitable for routine laboratory testing. Therefore, high-energy gas fracturing verification tests, both domestically and internationally, are generally conducted through cement target / rock target fracturing tests, mountain fracturing tests, and downhole tests. However, these methods struggle to truly simulate the downhole high-energy gas fracturing working environment, are extremely costly, yield very limited data samples, and fail to establish a correlation between surface test results and downhole data, leading to low reliability or even invalidity of downhole design parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of high cost, limited experimental data, and poor data reliability in the existing high-energy gas fracturing test, this invention provides a high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device, comprising a main body, a fracturing test module, and a detection and control module;

[0004] The main body includes a well shaft, a buffer cylinder placed horizontally at the bottom of the well shaft, a short connecting cylinder welded in the middle of the buffer cylinder, and the well shaft and the short connecting cylinder being fixedly connected; a flange blind plate is provided at the top of the well shaft;

[0005] The fracturing test module includes a rupture disc and a fracturing gun; the rupture disc is disposed between the wellbore and the shorting tube; the fracturing gun is disposed inside the wellbore.

[0006] The detection and control module includes an igniter, a pressure sensor, and a control center; the igniter is located inside the fracturing gun, which is filled with high-energy material, and the igniter is in direct contact with the high-energy material; the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure inside the wellbore and the buffer cylinder, and both the igniter and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to the control center.

[0007] In one embodiment, a temperature sensor is arranged on the flange blind plate.

[0008] In one embodiment, venting steel pipes are installed at both ends of the buffer cylinder.

[0009] In one embodiment, one end of the venting steel pipe is welded to the buffer cylinder through a perforated round steel plate, and the other end is provided with a long screw. The middle part of the venting steel pipe is provided with several venting holes.

[0010] In one embodiment, the length of the buffer cylinder is 1.5 to 2 times that of the well shaft.

[0011] In one embodiment, the top of the fracturing gun is sealed with a plug, the bottom is welded with a blind plate, and the gun body has several air vents.

[0012] In one embodiment, the vent is sealed with a rubber plug.

[0013] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the wellbore is provided with at least three triangular fixing plates, and the fracturing gun is placed on the triangular fixing plates.

[0014] In one embodiment, the rupture disc is a circular stainless steel sheet.

[0015] The present invention also provides an oil and gas well development test device that employs any of the high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test devices described above.

[0016] Based on the above, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device provided by the present invention uses well casing and fracturing gun special for oil and gas wells as the main components. The rated test pressure can reach 130MPa. At the same time, flange connection is used at the pressure-resistant weak point, which effectively reduces the danger of the test and the reconstruction cost of the equipment.

[0018] 2. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device provided by the present invention uses thin rupture discs to simulate the soft constraint force of the downhole liquid column, thick rupture discs to simulate the rock fracturing pressure, and venting steel pipes to simulate the gas consumption after rock fracturing. It can reliably simulate the technical effect of the downhole high temperature and high pressure environment.

[0019] 3. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device provided by this invention uses high-energy materials with test doses reaching the kilogram level, which is close to the actual downhole dose, effectively improving the reliability of test data.

[0020] Other features and beneficial effects of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other beneficial effects of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships shown in the drawings in the following description are based on the direction in which the components are drawn in the figure.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation and testing device provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 The Pt curve inside the wellbore during testing is shown in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 The Pt curve inside the buffer cylinder during testing is an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 100 Main body, 110 Well shaft, 111 Flange blind plate

[0027] 112 Triangular fixing plate, 120 Buffer cylinder, 121 Venting steel pipe

[0028] 122 long screw, 130 short connector, 210 fracturing gun

[0029] 211 Plug, 212 High-energy material, 220 Rupture disc

[0030] 310 Igniter, 320 Pressure Sensor, 330 Temperature Sensor

[0031] 400 Control Center Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The technical features designed in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that all terms used in this invention (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, and should not be construed as limiting the invention; it should be further understood that the terms used in this invention should be understood to have the same meaning as those in the context of this specification and in the relevant field, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal sense, except as expressly defined in this invention.

[0034] This invention provides a high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation testing device, comprising a main body 100, a fracturing testing module, and a detection and control module;

[0035] The main body 100 includes a well shaft 110, a buffer cylinder 120 horizontally placed at the bottom of the well shaft 110, a short connecting cylinder 130 welded to the middle of the buffer cylinder 120, and the well shaft 110 and the short connecting cylinder 130 fixedly connected; a flange blind plate 111 is provided on the top of the well shaft 110.

[0036] The fracturing test module includes a rupture disc 220 and a fracturing gun 210; the rupture disc 220 is disposed between the wellbore 110 and the shorting sleeve 130; the fracturing gun 210 is disposed inside the wellbore 110;

[0037] The detection and control module includes an igniter 310, a pressure sensor 320, and a control center 400. The igniter 310 is disposed inside the fracturing gun 210, which is filled with a high-energy material 212. The igniter 310 is in direct contact with the high-energy material 212. The pressure sensor 320 is used to detect the internal pressure of the wellbore 110 and the buffer cylinder 120. Both the igniter 310 and the pressure sensor 320 are electrically connected to the control center 400. Preferably, the high-energy material 212 can be a solid high-energy material or an encapsulated paste / liquid high-energy material, and the igniter 310 can be a dedicated low-dose electric igniter.

[0038] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1As shown, the high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device consists of a main body 100, a fracturing test module, and a detection and control module. The main body 100 includes a wellbore 110, a buffer cylinder 120, and a shorting cylinder 130. The buffer cylinder 120 is horizontally placed at the bottom of the wellbore 110, and the shorting cylinder 130 is welded to the middle of the buffer cylinder 120, with the wellbore 110 and the shorting cylinder 130 fixedly connected. Preferably, the buffer cylinder 120 can achieve a venting effect by opening holes at both ends, thereby simulating the gas consumption after fracturing. A flange blind plate 111 is provided at the top of the wellbore 110. Specifically, after the test preparation is completed, the wellbore 110 and the flange blind plate 111 are fixed, forming a sealed cavity inside the wellbore 110, ready for the test. Preferably, a rotating bracket is directly provided between the wellbore 110 and the flange blind plate 111, so that the operator does not need to move or lower the flange blind plate 111 when opening the wellbore 110, and it is convenient for the operator to subsequently fix the flange blind plate 111 and the wellbore 110.

[0039] The fracturing test module includes a rupture disc 220 and a fracturing gun 210. The rupture disc 220 is installed between the wellbore 110 and the connecting sleeve 130. Specifically, the wellbore 110 and the connecting sleeve 130 can be connected by flanges, and the rupture disc 220 is installed between the flanges. The fracturing gun 210 is located inside the wellbore 110. Preferably, the specifications of the rupture disc 220 are selected according to the test scenario to be simulated.

[0040] The detection and control module includes an igniter 310, a pressure sensor 320, and a control center 400. The igniter 310 is located inside the fracturing gun 210, which is filled with high-energy material 212. The igniter 310 is in direct contact with the high-energy material 212. The pressure sensor 320 is used to detect the pressure inside the wellbore 110 and the buffer tank 120. Both the igniter 310 and the pressure sensor 320 are electrically connected to the control center 400. Specifically, the control center 400 can be an external computer, allowing personnel to operate it in a safe environment.

[0041] In actual operation, a suitable rupture disc 220 is selected according to the preset scenario and installed between the shorting sleeve 130 and the flange of the shaft 110. Then, after filling the fracturing gun 210 with high-energy material 212, the fracturing gun 210 is placed into the shaft 110, and the shaft 110 is sealed with the flange blind plate 111. The test preparation is completed. Finally, the personnel are evacuated to a safe position, and the igniter 310 is activated through the control center 400 to detonate the high-energy material 212. The pressure sensor 320 detects the pressure changes inside the shaft 110 and the buffer cylinder 120 respectively, and transmits the data to the control center 400. The test is then completed.

[0042] In one embodiment, a temperature sensor 330 is arranged on the flange blind plate 111.

[0043] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, a temperature sensor 330 is arranged on the flange blind plate 111, which works together with the pressure sensor 320 to detect the condition of the well barrel 110 and prevent accidents when the well barrel 110 is opened.

[0044] In one embodiment, the buffer cylinder 120 is equipped with venting steel pipes 121 at both ends.

[0045] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the buffer cylinder 120 is equipped with venting steel pipes 121 at both ends. By replacing the venting steel pipes 121 with different specifications, the gas consumption in more scenarios can be simulated.

[0046] In one embodiment, one end of the venting steel pipe 121 is welded to the buffer cylinder 120 through a perforated round steel plate, and the other end is provided with a long screw 122. The venting steel pipe 121 has several venting holes in the middle.

[0047] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, one end of the venting steel pipe 121 is welded to the buffer cylinder 120 through a perforated round steel plate, and the other end of the venting steel pipe 121 is provided with a long screw 122, which, together with several venting holes in the middle of the venting steel pipe 121, allows adjustment of the opening and closing degree of the venting holes by adjusting the depth of the long screw 122, thereby adjusting the venting volume. There is no need to replace the venting steel pipe 121, making it convenient for operators to adjust.

[0048] In one embodiment, the length of the buffer cylinder 120 is 1.5 to 2 times that of the well cylinder 110.

[0049] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, to ensure the buffering effect, the length of the buffer cylinder 120 is 1.5 to 2 times that of the well cylinder 110.

[0050] In one embodiment, the top of the fracturing gun 210 is sealed with a plug 211, and a blind plate is welded to the bottom. The fracturing gun 210 has several air vents.

[0051] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top of the fracturing gun 210 is sealed with a plug 211, and a blind plate is welded to the bottom. Several vent holes are opened in the gun body of the fracturing gun 210. Specifically, the fracturing gun 210 can be an 89-type perforating gun, and the plug 211 can be a rubber plug 211.

[0052] In one embodiment, the vent is sealed with a rubber plug.

[0053] In practice, the air vent of the fracturing gun 210 is sealed with a rubber plug to prevent the high-energy material 212 inside the fracturing gun 210 from leaking before the test, which could lead to inaccurate test results and dangerous situations.

[0054] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the wellbore 110 is provided with at least three triangular fixing plates 112, and the fracturing gun 210 is placed on the triangular fixing plates 112.

[0055] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inner wall of the wellbore 110 is provided with at least three identical triangular fixing plates 112, and the fracturing gun 210 is placed on the triangular fixing plates 112. Specifically, the triangular fixing plate 112 can be a right triangle, with the right-angled side welded to the inner wall of the wellbore 110. The fracturing gun 210 is placed on the hypotenuse of the triangular fixing plate 112, and under the action of gravity, the fracturing gun 210 can be stably positioned at the center of the wellbore 110.

[0056] In one embodiment, the rupture disc 220 is a circular stainless steel sheet.

[0057] In practice, the rupture disc 220 is a circular stainless steel sheet. Preferably, depending on the environment to be simulated, a thin rupture disc can be used to simulate the soft constraint force of the downhole fluid column, and a thick rupture disc can be used to simulate the rock fracturing pressure. Those skilled in the art can replace the rupture disc according to the actual test requirements.

[0058] The specific experimental setup and results are as follows:

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the wellbore 110 is a special casing for oil wells, and the fracturing gun 210 is a special type 89 perforating gun. The top of the wellbore 110 is sealed with a flange blind plate 111, which is fastened to the wellbore 110 with eight sets of M14 bolts. A horizontal buffer cylinder 120 is installed at the bottom of the wellbore 110. Two mechanically adjustable venting steel pipes 121 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the buffer cylinder 120, with three sets of Φ8mm through holes in the vertical direction of the pipe body. A short connecting cylinder 130 is welded to the middle of the buffer cylinder 120, and the wellbore 110 is connected to the short connecting cylinder 130 with a flange. A Φ180mm×0.2mm rupture disc 220 is installed between the flanges. The fracturing gun 210 is placed inside the wellbore 110 and fixed with a triangular fixing plate 112. The top of the fracturing gun 210 is sealed with a rubber plug 211, and the bottom is sealed with a welded blind plate. The gun body has four sets of 16 Φ20mm vent holes, which are sealed with rubber plugs. The gun body contains a paste-like high-energy material 212 and a long LNE-13 type electric igniter 310. The wire of the electric igniter 310 passes through the rubber plug 211 and the blind flange on the top of the well barrel 110 and is electrically connected to the external control center 400. A SYC-6000 type pressure sensor 320 is installed in both the well barrel 110 and the buffer cylinder 120. A PT-100 type temperature sensor 330 is installed on the flange blind flange 111. Both the pressure sensor 320 and the temperature sensor 330 are electrically connected to the remote control center 400.

[0060] During the test, the vent holes of the venting steel pipe 121 were fully open, and the dosage of the paste-like high-energy material 212 was 500g. The test results are as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the highest pressure inside the wellbore 110 reaches 128 MPa, and the highest pressure inside the buffer cylinder 120 reaches 93 MPa.

[0061] The present invention also provides an oil and gas well development test device that employs any of the high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test devices described above.

[0062] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that although many problems exist in the prior art, each embodiment or technical solution of the present invention can be improved in only one or a few aspects, without necessarily solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or the background art simultaneously. Those skilled in the art should understand that any content not mentioned in a claim should not be construed as a limitation on that claim.

[0063] Although this document frequently uses terms such as main body 100, wellbore 110, flange blind plate 111, triangular fixing plate 112, buffer cylinder 120, venting steel pipe 121, long screw 122, short connector 130, fracturing gun 210, plug 211, high-energy material 212, rupture disc 220, igniter 310, pressure sensor 320, temperature sensor 330, and control center 400, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention. The terms "first," "second," etc. (if present), in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation testing device, characterized in that: Includes the main body, fracturing test module, and detection and control module; The main body includes a well shaft, a buffer cylinder placed horizontally at the bottom of the well shaft, a short connecting cylinder welded in the middle of the buffer cylinder, and the well shaft and the short connecting cylinder being fixedly connected; a flange blind plate is provided at the top of the well shaft; The buffer cylinder is equipped with venting steel pipes at both ends; One end of the venting steel pipe is welded to the buffer cylinder through a perforated round steel plate, and the other end is provided with a long screw. Several venting holes are provided in the middle of the venting steel pipe. The fracturing test module includes a rupture disc and a fracturing gun; the rupture disc is disposed between the wellbore and the shorting tube; the fracturing gun is disposed inside the wellbore. The detection and control module includes an igniter, a pressure sensor, and a control center; the igniter is located inside the fracturing gun, which is filled with high-energy material, and the igniter is in direct contact with the high-energy material; the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure inside the wellbore and the buffer cylinder, and both the igniter and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to the control center.

2. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Temperature sensors are arranged on the flange blind plate.

3. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the buffer cylinder is 1.5 to 2 times that of the well shaft.

4. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fracturing gun is sealed with a plug, and a blind plate is welded to the bottom. Several air vents are opened on the body of the fracturing gun.

5. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vent is sealed with a rubber plug.

6. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the wellbore is provided with at least three triangular fixing plates, and the fracturing gun is placed on the triangular fixing plates.

7. The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rupture disc is a circular stainless steel sheet.

8. An oil and gas well development testing device, characterized in that: The high-energy gas fracturing ultra-high pressure simulation test device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 was adopted.

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